The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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sys/Documentation/cris/

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Name Size Last modified (GMT) Description
Back Parent directory 2013-02-02 13:13:18
File README 6394 bytes 2012-12-25 01:40:41

    1 Linux on the CRIS architecture
    2 ==============================
    3 
    4 This is a port of Linux to Axis Communications ETRAX 100LX,
    5 ETRAX FS and ARTPEC-3 embedded network CPUs.
    6 
    7 For more information about CRIS and ETRAX please see further below.
    8 
    9 In order to compile this you need a version of gcc with support for the
   10 ETRAX chip family. Please see this link for more information on how to
   11 download the compiler and other tools useful when building and booting
   12 software for the ETRAX platform:
   13 
   14 http://developer.axis.com/wiki/doku.php?id=axis:install-howto-2_20
   15 
   16 What is CRIS ?
   17 --------------
   18 
   19 CRIS is an acronym for 'Code Reduced Instruction Set'. It is the CPU
   20 architecture in Axis Communication AB's range of embedded network CPU's,
   21 called ETRAX.
   22 
   23 The ETRAX 100LX chip
   24 --------------------
   25 
   26 For reference, please see the following link:
   27 
   28 http://www.axis.com/products/dev_etrax_100lx/index.htm
   29 
   30 The ETRAX 100LX is a 100 MIPS processor with 8kB cache, MMU, and a very broad
   31 range of built-in interfaces, all with modern scatter/gather DMA.
   32 
   33 Memory interfaces:
   34 
   35         * SRAM
   36         * NOR-flash/ROM
   37         * EDO or page-mode DRAM
   38         * SDRAM
   39 
   40 I/O interfaces:
   41 
   42         * one 10/100 Mbit/s ethernet controller
   43         * four serial-ports (up to 6 Mbit/s)
   44         * two synchronous serial-ports for multimedia codec's etc.
   45         * USB host controller and USB slave
   46         * ATA
   47         * SCSI
   48         * two parallel-ports
   49         * two generic 8-bit ports
   50 
   51         (not all interfaces are available at the same time due to chip pin
   52          multiplexing)
   53 
   54 ETRAX 100LX is CRISv10 architecture.
   55 
   56 
   57 The ETRAX FS and ARTPEC-3 chips
   58 -------------------------------
   59 
   60 The ETRAX FS is a 200MHz 32-bit RISC processor with on-chip 16kB
   61 I-cache and 16kB D-cache and with a wide range of device interfaces
   62 including multiple high speed serial ports and an integrated USB 1.1 PHY.
   63 
   64 The ARTPEC-3 is a variant of the ETRAX FS with additional IO-units
   65 used by the Axis Communications network cameras.
   66 
   67 See below link for more information:
   68 
   69 http://www.axis.com/products/dev_etrax_fs/index.htm
   70 
   71 ETRAX FS and ARTPEC-3 are both CRISv32 architectures.
   72 
   73 Bootlog
   74 -------
   75 
   76 Just as an example, this is the debug-output from a boot of Linux 2.4 on
   77 a board with ETRAX 100LX. The displayed BogoMIPS value is 5 times too small :)
   78 At the end you see some user-mode programs booting like telnet and ftp daemons.
   79 
   80 Linux version 2.4.1 (bjornw@godzilla.axis.se) (gcc version 2.96 20000427 (experimental)) #207 Wed Feb 21 15:48:15 CET 2001
   81 ROM fs in RAM, size 1376256 bytes
   82 Setting up paging and the MMU.
   83 On node 0 totalpages: 2048
   84 zone(0): 2048 pages.
   85 zone(1): 0 pages.
   86 zone(2): 0 pages.
   87 Linux/CRIS port on ETRAX 100LX (c) 2001 Axis Communications AB
   88 Kernel command line: 
   89 Calibrating delay loop... 19.91 BogoMIPS
   90 Memory: 13872k/16384k available (587k kernel code, 2512k reserved, 44k data, 24k init)
   91 kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - vm_area_struct
   92 kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - filp
   93 Dentry-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 16384 bytes)
   94 Buffer-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
   95 Page-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
   96 kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - kiobuf
   97 kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - bdev_cache
   98 Inode-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 8192 bytes)
   99 kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - inode_cache
  100 POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX
  101 Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4
  102 Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039
  103 Starting kswapd v1.8
  104 kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - file lock cache
  105 kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - blkdev_requests
  106 block: queued sectors max/low 9109kB/3036kB, 64 slots per queue
  107 ETRAX 100LX 10/100MBit ethernet v2.0 (c) 2000 Axis Communications AB
  108 eth0 initialized
  109 eth0: changed MAC to 00:40:8C:CD:00:00
  110 ETRAX 100LX serial-driver $Revision: 1.7 $, (c) 2000 Axis Communications AB
  111 ttyS0 at 0xb0000060 is a builtin UART with DMA
  112 ttyS1 at 0xb0000068 is a builtin UART with DMA
  113 ttyS2 at 0xb0000070 is a builtin UART with DMA
  114 ttyS3 at 0xb0000078 is a builtin UART with DMA
  115 Axis flash mapping: 200000 at 50000000
  116 Axis flash: Found 1 x16 CFI device at 0x0 in 16 bit mode
  117  Amd/Fujitsu Extended Query Table v1.0 at 0x0040
  118 Axis flash: JEDEC Device ID is 0xC4. Assuming broken CFI table.
  119 Axis flash: Swapping erase regions for broken CFI table.
  120 number of CFI chips: 1
  121  Using default partition table
  122 I2C driver v2.2, (c) 1999-2001 Axis Communications AB
  123 ETRAX 100LX GPIO driver v2.1, (c) 2001 Axis Communications AB
  124 NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0
  125 IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP
  126 kmem_create: Forcing size word alignment - ip_dst_cache
  127 IP: routing cache hash table of 1024 buckets, 8Kbytes
  128 TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)
  129 NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0.
  130 VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly.
  131 Init starts up...
  132 Mounted none on /proc ok.
  133 Setting up eth0 with ip 10.13.9.116 and mac 00:40:8c:18:04:60
  134 eth0: changed MAC to 00:40:8C:18:04:60
  135 Setting up lo with ip 127.0.0.1
  136 Default gateway is 10.13.9.1
  137 Hostname is bbox1
  138 Telnetd starting, using port 23.
  139   using /bin/sash as shell.
  140 sftpd[15]: sftpd $Revision: 1.7 $ starting up
  141 
  142 
  143 
  144 And here is how some /proc entries look:
  145 
  146 17# cd /proc
  147 17# cat cpuinfo
  148 cpu             : CRIS
  149 cpu revision    : 10
  150 cpu model       : ETRAX 100LX
  151 cache size      : 8 kB
  152 fpu             : no
  153 mmu             : yes
  154 ethernet        : 10/100 Mbps
  155 token ring      : no
  156 scsi            : yes
  157 ata             : yes
  158 usb             : yes
  159 bogomips        : 99.84
  160 
  161 17# cat meminfo
  162         total:    used:    free:  shared: buffers:  cached:
  163 Mem:   7028736   925696  6103040   114688        0   229376
  164 Swap:        0        0        0
  165 MemTotal:         6864 kB
  166 MemFree:          5960 kB
  167 MemShared:         112 kB
  168 Buffers:             0 kB
  169 Cached:            224 kB
  170 Active:            224 kB
  171 Inact_dirty:         0 kB
  172 Inact_clean:         0 kB
  173 Inact_target:        0 kB
  174 HighTotal:           0 kB
  175 HighFree:            0 kB
  176 LowTotal:         6864 kB
  177 LowFree:          5960 kB
  178 SwapTotal:           0 kB
  179 SwapFree:            0 kB
  180 17# ls -l /bin
  181 -rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100         10356  Jan 01 00:00 ifconfig
  182 -rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100         17548  Jan 01 00:00 init
  183 -rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100          9488  Jan 01 00:00 route
  184 -rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100         46036  Jan 01 00:00 sftpd
  185 -rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100         48104  Jan 01 00:00 sh
  186 -rwxr-xr-x  1 342      100         16252  Jan 01 00:00 telnetd
  187 
  188 
  189 
  190 
  191 
  192 
  193 
  194 
  195 

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