The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
Now available: The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System (Second Edition)


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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/amd64/amd64/minidump_machdep.c

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 2006 Peter Wemm
    3  * All rights reserved.
    4  *
    5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
    7  * are met:
    8  *
    9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   14  *
   15  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
   16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
   17  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
   18  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
   19  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
   20  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
   21  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
   22  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
   23  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
   24  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
   25  */
   26 
   27 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
   28 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: releng/9.1/sys/amd64/amd64/minidump_machdep.c 237839 2012-06-30 14:17:59Z avg $");
   29 
   30 #include "opt_pmap.h"
   31 #include "opt_watchdog.h"
   32 
   33 #include <sys/param.h>
   34 #include <sys/systm.h>
   35 #include <sys/conf.h>
   36 #include <sys/cons.h>
   37 #include <sys/kernel.h>
   38 #include <sys/kerneldump.h>
   39 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
   40 #include <sys/watchdog.h>
   41 #include <vm/vm.h>
   42 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
   43 #include <vm/pmap.h>
   44 #include <machine/atomic.h>
   45 #include <machine/elf.h>
   46 #include <machine/md_var.h>
   47 #include <machine/vmparam.h>
   48 #include <machine/minidump.h>
   49 
   50 CTASSERT(sizeof(struct kerneldumpheader) == 512);
   51 
   52 /*
   53  * Don't touch the first SIZEOF_METADATA bytes on the dump device. This
   54  * is to protect us from metadata and to protect metadata from us.
   55  */
   56 #define SIZEOF_METADATA         (64*1024)
   57 
   58 #define MD_ALIGN(x)     (((off_t)(x) + PAGE_MASK) & ~PAGE_MASK)
   59 #define DEV_ALIGN(x)    (((off_t)(x) + (DEV_BSIZE-1)) & ~(DEV_BSIZE-1))
   60 
   61 uint64_t *vm_page_dump;
   62 int vm_page_dump_size;
   63 
   64 static struct kerneldumpheader kdh;
   65 static off_t dumplo;
   66 
   67 /* Handle chunked writes. */
   68 static size_t fragsz;
   69 static void *dump_va;
   70 static size_t counter, progress, dumpsize;
   71 
   72 CTASSERT(sizeof(*vm_page_dump) == 8);
   73 
   74 static int
   75 is_dumpable(vm_paddr_t pa)
   76 {
   77         vm_page_t m;
   78         int i;
   79 
   80         if ((m = vm_phys_paddr_to_vm_page(pa)) != NULL)
   81                 return ((m->flags & PG_NODUMP) == 0);
   82         for (i = 0; dump_avail[i] != 0 || dump_avail[i + 1] != 0; i += 2) {
   83                 if (pa >= dump_avail[i] && pa < dump_avail[i + 1])
   84                         return (1);
   85         }
   86         return (0);
   87 }
   88 
   89 #define PG2MB(pgs) (((pgs) + (1 << 8) - 1) >> 8)
   90 
   91 static int
   92 blk_flush(struct dumperinfo *di)
   93 {
   94         int error;
   95 
   96         if (fragsz == 0)
   97                 return (0);
   98 
   99         error = dump_write(di, dump_va, 0, dumplo, fragsz);
  100         dumplo += fragsz;
  101         fragsz = 0;
  102         return (error);
  103 }
  104 
  105 static struct {
  106         int min_per;
  107         int max_per;
  108         int visited;
  109 } progress_track[10] = {
  110         {  0,  10, 0},
  111         { 10,  20, 0},
  112         { 20,  30, 0},
  113         { 30,  40, 0},
  114         { 40,  50, 0},
  115         { 50,  60, 0},
  116         { 60,  70, 0},
  117         { 70,  80, 0},
  118         { 80,  90, 0},
  119         { 90, 100, 0}
  120 };
  121 
  122 static void
  123 report_progress(size_t progress, size_t dumpsize)
  124 {
  125         int sofar, i;
  126 
  127         sofar = 100 - ((progress * 100) / dumpsize);
  128         for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
  129                 if (sofar < progress_track[i].min_per || sofar > progress_track[i].max_per)
  130                         continue;
  131                 if (progress_track[i].visited)
  132                         return;
  133                 progress_track[i].visited = 1;
  134                 printf("..%d%%", sofar);
  135                 return;
  136         }
  137 }
  138 
  139 static int
  140 blk_write(struct dumperinfo *di, char *ptr, vm_paddr_t pa, size_t sz)
  141 {
  142         size_t len;
  143         int error, i, c;
  144         u_int maxdumpsz;
  145 
  146         maxdumpsz = min(di->maxiosize, MAXDUMPPGS * PAGE_SIZE);
  147         if (maxdumpsz == 0)     /* seatbelt */
  148                 maxdumpsz = PAGE_SIZE;
  149         error = 0;
  150         if ((sz % PAGE_SIZE) != 0) {
  151                 printf("size not page aligned\n");
  152                 return (EINVAL);
  153         }
  154         if (ptr != NULL && pa != 0) {
  155                 printf("cant have both va and pa!\n");
  156                 return (EINVAL);
  157         }
  158         if (pa != 0 && (((uintptr_t)ptr) % PAGE_SIZE) != 0) {
  159                 printf("address not page aligned\n");
  160                 return (EINVAL);
  161         }
  162         if (ptr != NULL) {
  163                 /* If we're doing a virtual dump, flush any pre-existing pa pages */
  164                 error = blk_flush(di);
  165                 if (error)
  166                         return (error);
  167         }
  168         while (sz) {
  169                 len = maxdumpsz - fragsz;
  170                 if (len > sz)
  171                         len = sz;
  172                 counter += len;
  173                 progress -= len;
  174                 if (counter >> 24) {
  175                         report_progress(progress, dumpsize);
  176                         counter &= (1<<24) - 1;
  177                 }
  178 
  179                 wdog_kern_pat(WD_LASTVAL);
  180 
  181                 if (ptr) {
  182                         error = dump_write(di, ptr, 0, dumplo, len);
  183                         if (error)
  184                                 return (error);
  185                         dumplo += len;
  186                         ptr += len;
  187                         sz -= len;
  188                 } else {
  189                         for (i = 0; i < len; i += PAGE_SIZE)
  190                                 dump_va = pmap_kenter_temporary(pa + i, (i + fragsz) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
  191                         fragsz += len;
  192                         pa += len;
  193                         sz -= len;
  194                         if (fragsz == maxdumpsz) {
  195                                 error = blk_flush(di);
  196                                 if (error)
  197                                         return (error);
  198                         }
  199                 }
  200 
  201                 /* Check for user abort. */
  202                 c = cncheckc();
  203                 if (c == 0x03)
  204                         return (ECANCELED);
  205                 if (c != -1)
  206                         printf(" (CTRL-C to abort) ");
  207         }
  208 
  209         return (0);
  210 }
  211 
  212 /* A fake page table page, to avoid having to handle both 4K and 2M pages */
  213 static pd_entry_t fakepd[NPDEPG];
  214 
  215 void
  216 minidumpsys(struct dumperinfo *di)
  217 {
  218         uint32_t pmapsize;
  219         vm_offset_t va;
  220         int error;
  221         uint64_t bits;
  222         uint64_t *pdp, *pd, *pt, pa;
  223         int i, j, k, n, bit;
  224         int retry_count;
  225         struct minidumphdr mdhdr;
  226 
  227         retry_count = 0;
  228  retry:
  229         retry_count++;
  230         counter = 0;
  231         /* Walk page table pages, set bits in vm_page_dump */
  232         pmapsize = 0;
  233         pdp = (uint64_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(KPDPphys);
  234         for (va = VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS; va < MAX(KERNBASE + NKPT * NBPDR,
  235             kernel_vm_end); ) {
  236                 /*
  237                  * We always write a page, even if it is zero. Each
  238                  * page written corresponds to 1GB of space
  239                  */
  240                 pmapsize += PAGE_SIZE;
  241                 i = (va >> PDPSHIFT) & ((1ul << NPDPEPGSHIFT) - 1);
  242                 if ((pdp[i] & PG_V) == 0) {
  243                         va += NBPDP;
  244                         continue;
  245                 }
  246 
  247                 /*
  248                  * 1GB page is represented as 512 2MB pages in a dump.
  249                  */
  250                 if ((pdp[i] & PG_PS) != 0) {
  251                         va += NBPDP;
  252                         pa = pdp[i] & PG_PS_FRAME;
  253                         for (n = 0; n < NPDEPG * NPTEPG; n++) {
  254                                 if (is_dumpable(pa))
  255                                         dump_add_page(pa);
  256                                 pa += PAGE_SIZE;
  257                         }
  258                         continue;
  259                 }
  260 
  261                 pd = (uint64_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(pdp[i] & PG_FRAME);
  262                 for (n = 0; n < NPDEPG; n++, va += NBPDR) {
  263                         j = (va >> PDRSHIFT) & ((1ul << NPDEPGSHIFT) - 1);
  264 
  265                         if ((pd[j] & PG_V) == 0)
  266                                 continue;
  267 
  268                         if ((pd[j] & PG_PS) != 0) {
  269                                 /* This is an entire 2M page. */
  270                                 pa = pd[j] & PG_PS_FRAME;
  271                                 for (k = 0; k < NPTEPG; k++) {
  272                                         if (is_dumpable(pa))
  273                                                 dump_add_page(pa);
  274                                         pa += PAGE_SIZE;
  275                                 }
  276                                 continue;
  277                         }
  278 
  279                         pa = pd[j] & PG_FRAME;
  280                         /* set bit for this PTE page */
  281                         if (is_dumpable(pa))
  282                                 dump_add_page(pa);
  283                         /* and for each valid page in this 2MB block */
  284                         pt = (uint64_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(pd[j] & PG_FRAME);
  285                         for (k = 0; k < NPTEPG; k++) {
  286                                 if ((pt[k] & PG_V) == 0)
  287                                         continue;
  288                                 pa = pt[k] & PG_FRAME;
  289                                 if (is_dumpable(pa))
  290                                         dump_add_page(pa);
  291                         }
  292                 }
  293         }
  294 
  295         /* Calculate dump size. */
  296         dumpsize = pmapsize;
  297         dumpsize += round_page(msgbufp->msg_size);
  298         dumpsize += round_page(vm_page_dump_size);
  299         for (i = 0; i < vm_page_dump_size / sizeof(*vm_page_dump); i++) {
  300                 bits = vm_page_dump[i];
  301                 while (bits) {
  302                         bit = bsfq(bits);
  303                         pa = (((uint64_t)i * sizeof(*vm_page_dump) * NBBY) + bit) * PAGE_SIZE;
  304                         /* Clear out undumpable pages now if needed */
  305                         if (is_dumpable(pa)) {
  306                                 dumpsize += PAGE_SIZE;
  307                         } else {
  308                                 dump_drop_page(pa);
  309                         }
  310                         bits &= ~(1ul << bit);
  311                 }
  312         }
  313         dumpsize += PAGE_SIZE;
  314 
  315         /* Determine dump offset on device. */
  316         if (di->mediasize < SIZEOF_METADATA + dumpsize + sizeof(kdh) * 2) {
  317                 error = E2BIG;
  318                 goto fail;
  319         }
  320         dumplo = di->mediaoffset + di->mediasize - dumpsize;
  321         dumplo -= sizeof(kdh) * 2;
  322         progress = dumpsize;
  323 
  324         /* Initialize mdhdr */
  325         bzero(&mdhdr, sizeof(mdhdr));
  326         strcpy(mdhdr.magic, MINIDUMP_MAGIC);
  327         mdhdr.version = MINIDUMP_VERSION;
  328         mdhdr.msgbufsize = msgbufp->msg_size;
  329         mdhdr.bitmapsize = vm_page_dump_size;
  330         mdhdr.pmapsize = pmapsize;
  331         mdhdr.kernbase = VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
  332         mdhdr.dmapbase = DMAP_MIN_ADDRESS;
  333         mdhdr.dmapend = DMAP_MAX_ADDRESS;
  334 
  335         mkdumpheader(&kdh, KERNELDUMPMAGIC, KERNELDUMP_AMD64_VERSION, dumpsize, di->blocksize);
  336 
  337         printf("Dumping %llu out of %ju MB:", (long long)dumpsize >> 20,
  338             ptoa((uintmax_t)physmem) / 1048576);
  339 
  340         /* Dump leader */
  341         error = dump_write(di, &kdh, 0, dumplo, sizeof(kdh));
  342         if (error)
  343                 goto fail;
  344         dumplo += sizeof(kdh);
  345 
  346         /* Dump my header */
  347         bzero(&fakepd, sizeof(fakepd));
  348         bcopy(&mdhdr, &fakepd, sizeof(mdhdr));
  349         error = blk_write(di, (char *)&fakepd, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
  350         if (error)
  351                 goto fail;
  352 
  353         /* Dump msgbuf up front */
  354         error = blk_write(di, (char *)msgbufp->msg_ptr, 0, round_page(msgbufp->msg_size));
  355         if (error)
  356                 goto fail;
  357 
  358         /* Dump bitmap */
  359         error = blk_write(di, (char *)vm_page_dump, 0, round_page(vm_page_dump_size));
  360         if (error)
  361                 goto fail;
  362 
  363         /* Dump kernel page directory pages */
  364         bzero(fakepd, sizeof(fakepd));
  365         pdp = (uint64_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(KPDPphys);
  366         for (va = VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS; va < MAX(KERNBASE + NKPT * NBPDR,
  367             kernel_vm_end); va += NBPDP) {
  368                 i = (va >> PDPSHIFT) & ((1ul << NPDPEPGSHIFT) - 1);
  369 
  370                 /* We always write a page, even if it is zero */
  371                 if ((pdp[i] & PG_V) == 0) {
  372                         error = blk_write(di, (char *)&fakepd, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
  373                         if (error)
  374                                 goto fail;
  375                         /* flush, in case we reuse fakepd in the same block */
  376                         error = blk_flush(di);
  377                         if (error)
  378                                 goto fail;
  379                         continue;
  380                 }
  381 
  382                 /* 1GB page is represented as 512 2MB pages in a dump */
  383                 if ((pdp[i] & PG_PS) != 0) {
  384                         /* PDPE and PDP have identical layout in this case */
  385                         fakepd[0] = pdp[i];
  386                         for (j = 1; j < NPDEPG; j++)
  387                                 fakepd[j] = fakepd[j - 1] + NBPDR;
  388                         error = blk_write(di, (char *)&fakepd, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
  389                         if (error)
  390                                 goto fail;
  391                         /* flush, in case we reuse fakepd in the same block */
  392                         error = blk_flush(di);
  393                         if (error)
  394                                 goto fail;
  395                         bzero(fakepd, sizeof(fakepd));
  396                         continue;
  397                 }
  398 
  399                 pd = (uint64_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(pdp[i] & PG_FRAME);
  400                 error = blk_write(di, (char *)pd, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
  401                 if (error)
  402                         goto fail;
  403                 error = blk_flush(di);
  404                 if (error)
  405                         goto fail;
  406         }
  407 
  408         /* Dump memory chunks */
  409         /* XXX cluster it up and use blk_dump() */
  410         for (i = 0; i < vm_page_dump_size / sizeof(*vm_page_dump); i++) {
  411                 bits = vm_page_dump[i];
  412                 while (bits) {
  413                         bit = bsfq(bits);
  414                         pa = (((uint64_t)i * sizeof(*vm_page_dump) * NBBY) + bit) * PAGE_SIZE;
  415                         error = blk_write(di, 0, pa, PAGE_SIZE);
  416                         if (error)
  417                                 goto fail;
  418                         bits &= ~(1ul << bit);
  419                 }
  420         }
  421 
  422         error = blk_flush(di);
  423         if (error)
  424                 goto fail;
  425 
  426         /* Dump trailer */
  427         error = dump_write(di, &kdh, 0, dumplo, sizeof(kdh));
  428         if (error)
  429                 goto fail;
  430         dumplo += sizeof(kdh);
  431 
  432         /* Signal completion, signoff and exit stage left. */
  433         dump_write(di, NULL, 0, 0, 0);
  434         printf("\nDump complete\n");
  435         return;
  436 
  437  fail:
  438         if (error < 0)
  439                 error = -error;
  440 
  441         printf("\n");
  442         if (error == ENOSPC) {
  443                 printf("Dump map grown while dumping. ");
  444                 if (retry_count < 5) {
  445                         printf("Retrying...\n");
  446                         goto retry;
  447                 }
  448                 printf("Dump failed.\n");
  449         }
  450         else if (error == ECANCELED)
  451                 printf("Dump aborted\n");
  452         else if (error == E2BIG)
  453                 printf("Dump failed. Partition too small.\n");
  454         else
  455                 printf("** DUMP FAILED (ERROR %d) **\n", error);
  456 }
  457 
  458 void
  459 dump_add_page(vm_paddr_t pa)
  460 {
  461         int idx, bit;
  462 
  463         pa >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
  464         idx = pa >> 6;          /* 2^6 = 64 */
  465         bit = pa & 63;
  466         atomic_set_long(&vm_page_dump[idx], 1ul << bit);
  467 }
  468 
  469 void
  470 dump_drop_page(vm_paddr_t pa)
  471 {
  472         int idx, bit;
  473 
  474         pa >>= PAGE_SHIFT;
  475         idx = pa >> 6;          /* 2^6 = 64 */
  476         bit = pa & 63;
  477         atomic_clear_long(&vm_page_dump[idx], 1ul << bit);
  478 }

Cache object: e42af79d8de6a190e9638d41a55e78ad


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