FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/amd64/amd64/mp_machdep.c

     /*-
      * Copyright (c) 1996, by Steve Passe
      * Copyright (c) 2003, by Peter Wemm
      * All rights reserved.
      *
      * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
      * are met:
      * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     * 2. The name of the developer may NOT be used to endorse or promote products
     *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
     *
     * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     * SUCH DAMAGE.
     */
    
    #include <sys/cdefs.h>
    __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: releng/11.0/sys/amd64/amd64/mp_machdep.c 297857 2016-04-12 13:30:39Z avg $");
    
    #include "opt_cpu.h"
    #include "opt_ddb.h"
    #include "opt_kstack_pages.h"
    #include "opt_sched.h"
    #include "opt_smp.h"
    
    #include <sys/param.h>
    #include <sys/systm.h>
    #include <sys/bus.h>
    #include <sys/cpuset.h>
    #ifdef GPROF 
    #include <sys/gmon.h>
    #endif
    #include <sys/kernel.h>
    #include <sys/ktr.h>
    #include <sys/lock.h>
    #include <sys/malloc.h>
    #include <sys/memrange.h>
    #include <sys/mutex.h>
    #include <sys/pcpu.h>
    #include <sys/proc.h>
    #include <sys/sched.h>
    #include <sys/smp.h>
    #include <sys/sysctl.h>
    
    #include <vm/vm.h>
    #include <vm/vm_param.h>
    #include <vm/pmap.h>
    #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
    #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
    
    #include <x86/apicreg.h>
    #include <machine/clock.h>
    #include <machine/cputypes.h>
    #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
    #include <x86/mca.h>
    #include <machine/md_var.h>
    #include <machine/pcb.h>
    #include <machine/psl.h>
    #include <machine/smp.h>
    #include <machine/specialreg.h>
    #include <machine/tss.h>
    #include <machine/cpu.h>
    #include <x86/init.h>
    
    #define WARMBOOT_TARGET         0
    #define WARMBOOT_OFF            (KERNBASE + 0x0467)
    #define WARMBOOT_SEG            (KERNBASE + 0x0469)
    
    #define CMOS_REG                (0x70)
    #define CMOS_DATA               (0x71)
    #define BIOS_RESET              (0x0f)
    #define BIOS_WARM               (0x0a)
    
    extern  struct pcpu __pcpu[];
    
    /* Temporary variables for init_secondary()  */
    char *doublefault_stack;
    char *nmi_stack;
    
    extern inthand_t IDTVEC(fast_syscall), IDTVEC(fast_syscall32);
    
    /*
     * Local data and functions.
     */
    
    static int      start_ap(int apic_id);
    
    static u_int    bootMP_size;
    static u_int    boot_address;
   
   /*
    * Calculate usable address in base memory for AP trampoline code.
    */
   u_int
   mp_bootaddress(u_int basemem)
   {
   
           bootMP_size = mptramp_end - mptramp_start;
           boot_address = trunc_page(basemem * 1024); /* round down to 4k boundary */
           if (((basemem * 1024) - boot_address) < bootMP_size)
                   boot_address -= PAGE_SIZE;      /* not enough, lower by 4k */
           /* 3 levels of page table pages */
           mptramp_pagetables = boot_address - (PAGE_SIZE * 3);
   
           return mptramp_pagetables;
   }
   
   /*
    * Initialize the IPI handlers and start up the AP's.
    */
   void
   cpu_mp_start(void)
   {
           int i;
   
           /* Initialize the logical ID to APIC ID table. */
           for (i = 0; i < MAXCPU; i++) {
                   cpu_apic_ids[i] = -1;
                   cpu_ipi_pending[i] = 0;
           }
   
           /* Install an inter-CPU IPI for TLB invalidation */
           if (pmap_pcid_enabled) {
                   if (invpcid_works) {
                           setidt(IPI_INVLTLB, IDTVEC(invltlb_invpcid),
                               SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
                   } else {
                           setidt(IPI_INVLTLB, IDTVEC(invltlb_pcid), SDT_SYSIGT,
                               SEL_KPL, 0);
                   }
           } else {
                   setidt(IPI_INVLTLB, IDTVEC(invltlb), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
           }
           setidt(IPI_INVLPG, IDTVEC(invlpg), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
           setidt(IPI_INVLRNG, IDTVEC(invlrng), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
   
           /* Install an inter-CPU IPI for cache invalidation. */
           setidt(IPI_INVLCACHE, IDTVEC(invlcache), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
   
           /* Install an inter-CPU IPI for all-CPU rendezvous */
           setidt(IPI_RENDEZVOUS, IDTVEC(rendezvous), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
   
           /* Install generic inter-CPU IPI handler */
           setidt(IPI_BITMAP_VECTOR, IDTVEC(ipi_intr_bitmap_handler),
                  SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
   
           /* Install an inter-CPU IPI for CPU stop/restart */
           setidt(IPI_STOP, IDTVEC(cpustop), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
   
           /* Install an inter-CPU IPI for CPU suspend/resume */
           setidt(IPI_SUSPEND, IDTVEC(cpususpend), SDT_SYSIGT, SEL_KPL, 0);
   
           /* Set boot_cpu_id if needed. */
           if (boot_cpu_id == -1) {
                   boot_cpu_id = PCPU_GET(apic_id);
                   cpu_info[boot_cpu_id].cpu_bsp = 1;
           } else
                   KASSERT(boot_cpu_id == PCPU_GET(apic_id),
                       ("BSP's APIC ID doesn't match boot_cpu_id"));
   
           /* Probe logical/physical core configuration. */
           topo_probe();
   
           assign_cpu_ids();
   
           /* Start each Application Processor */
           init_ops.start_all_aps();
   
           set_interrupt_apic_ids();
   }
   
   
   /*
    * AP CPU's call this to initialize themselves.
    */
   void
   init_secondary(void)
   {
           struct pcpu *pc;
           struct nmi_pcpu *np;
           u_int64_t msr, cr0;
           int cpu, gsel_tss, x;
           struct region_descriptor ap_gdt;
   
           /* Set by the startup code for us to use */
           cpu = bootAP;
   
           /* Init tss */
           common_tss[cpu] = common_tss[0];
           common_tss[cpu].tss_rsp0 = 0;   /* not used until after switch */
           common_tss[cpu].tss_iobase = sizeof(struct amd64tss) +
               IOPERM_BITMAP_SIZE;
           common_tss[cpu].tss_ist1 = (long)&doublefault_stack[PAGE_SIZE];
   
           /* The NMI stack runs on IST2. */
           np = ((struct nmi_pcpu *) &nmi_stack[PAGE_SIZE]) - 1;
           common_tss[cpu].tss_ist2 = (long) np;
   
           /* Prepare private GDT */
           gdt_segs[GPROC0_SEL].ssd_base = (long) &common_tss[cpu];
           for (x = 0; x < NGDT; x++) {
                   if (x != GPROC0_SEL && x != (GPROC0_SEL + 1) &&
                       x != GUSERLDT_SEL && x != (GUSERLDT_SEL + 1))
                           ssdtosd(&gdt_segs[x], &gdt[NGDT * cpu + x]);
           }
           ssdtosyssd(&gdt_segs[GPROC0_SEL],
               (struct system_segment_descriptor *)&gdt[NGDT * cpu + GPROC0_SEL]);
           ap_gdt.rd_limit = NGDT * sizeof(gdt[0]) - 1;
           ap_gdt.rd_base =  (long) &gdt[NGDT * cpu];
           lgdt(&ap_gdt);                  /* does magic intra-segment return */
   
           /* Get per-cpu data */
           pc = &__pcpu[cpu];
   
           /* prime data page for it to use */
           pcpu_init(pc, cpu, sizeof(struct pcpu));
           dpcpu_init(dpcpu, cpu);
           pc->pc_apic_id = cpu_apic_ids[cpu];
           pc->pc_prvspace = pc;
           pc->pc_curthread = 0;
           pc->pc_tssp = &common_tss[cpu];
           pc->pc_commontssp = &common_tss[cpu];
           pc->pc_rsp0 = 0;
           pc->pc_tss = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)&gdt[NGDT * cpu +
               GPROC0_SEL];
           pc->pc_fs32p = &gdt[NGDT * cpu + GUFS32_SEL];
           pc->pc_gs32p = &gdt[NGDT * cpu + GUGS32_SEL];
           pc->pc_ldt = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)&gdt[NGDT * cpu +
               GUSERLDT_SEL];
           pc->pc_curpmap = kernel_pmap;
           pc->pc_pcid_gen = 1;
           pc->pc_pcid_next = PMAP_PCID_KERN + 1;
   
           /* Save the per-cpu pointer for use by the NMI handler. */
           np->np_pcpu = (register_t) pc;
   
           wrmsr(MSR_FSBASE, 0);           /* User value */
           wrmsr(MSR_GSBASE, (u_int64_t)pc);
           wrmsr(MSR_KGSBASE, (u_int64_t)pc);      /* XXX User value while we're in the kernel */
           fix_cpuid();
   
           lidt(&r_idt);
   
           gsel_tss = GSEL(GPROC0_SEL, SEL_KPL);
           ltr(gsel_tss);
   
           /*
            * Set to a known state:
            * Set by mpboot.s: CR0_PG, CR0_PE
            * Set by cpu_setregs: CR0_NE, CR0_MP, CR0_TS, CR0_WP, CR0_AM
            */
           cr0 = rcr0();
           cr0 &= ~(CR0_CD | CR0_NW | CR0_EM);
           load_cr0(cr0);
   
           /* Set up the fast syscall stuff */
           msr = rdmsr(MSR_EFER) | EFER_SCE;
           wrmsr(MSR_EFER, msr);
           wrmsr(MSR_LSTAR, (u_int64_t)IDTVEC(fast_syscall));
           wrmsr(MSR_CSTAR, (u_int64_t)IDTVEC(fast_syscall32));
           msr = ((u_int64_t)GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL) << 32) |
                 ((u_int64_t)GSEL(GUCODE32_SEL, SEL_UPL) << 48);
           wrmsr(MSR_STAR, msr);
           wrmsr(MSR_SF_MASK, PSL_NT|PSL_T|PSL_I|PSL_C|PSL_D);
   
           /* signal our startup to the BSP. */
           mp_naps++;
   
           /* Spin until the BSP releases the AP's. */
           while (atomic_load_acq_int(&aps_ready) == 0)
                   ia32_pause();
   
           init_secondary_tail();
   }
   
   /*******************************************************************
    * local functions and data
    */
   
   /*
    * start each AP in our list
    */
   int
   native_start_all_aps(void)
   {
           vm_offset_t va = boot_address + KERNBASE;
           u_int64_t *pt4, *pt3, *pt2;
           u_int32_t mpbioswarmvec;
           int apic_id, cpu, i;
           u_char mpbiosreason;
   
           mtx_init(&ap_boot_mtx, "ap boot", NULL, MTX_SPIN);
   
           /* install the AP 1st level boot code */
           pmap_kenter(va, boot_address);
           pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, va);
           bcopy(mptramp_start, (void *)va, bootMP_size);
   
           /* Locate the page tables, they'll be below the trampoline */
           pt4 = (u_int64_t *)(uintptr_t)(mptramp_pagetables + KERNBASE);
           pt3 = pt4 + (PAGE_SIZE) / sizeof(u_int64_t);
           pt2 = pt3 + (PAGE_SIZE) / sizeof(u_int64_t);
   
           /* Create the initial 1GB replicated page tables */
           for (i = 0; i < 512; i++) {
                   /* Each slot of the level 4 pages points to the same level 3 page */
                   pt4[i] = (u_int64_t)(uintptr_t)(mptramp_pagetables + PAGE_SIZE);
                   pt4[i] |= PG_V | PG_RW | PG_U;
   
                   /* Each slot of the level 3 pages points to the same level 2 page */
                   pt3[i] = (u_int64_t)(uintptr_t)(mptramp_pagetables + (2 * PAGE_SIZE));
                   pt3[i] |= PG_V | PG_RW | PG_U;
   
                   /* The level 2 page slots are mapped with 2MB pages for 1GB. */
                   pt2[i] = i * (2 * 1024 * 1024);
                   pt2[i] |= PG_V | PG_RW | PG_PS | PG_U;
           }
   
           /* save the current value of the warm-start vector */
           mpbioswarmvec = *((u_int32_t *) WARMBOOT_OFF);
           outb(CMOS_REG, BIOS_RESET);
           mpbiosreason = inb(CMOS_DATA);
   
           /* setup a vector to our boot code */
           *((volatile u_short *) WARMBOOT_OFF) = WARMBOOT_TARGET;
           *((volatile u_short *) WARMBOOT_SEG) = (boot_address >> 4);
           outb(CMOS_REG, BIOS_RESET);
           outb(CMOS_DATA, BIOS_WARM);     /* 'warm-start' */
   
           /* start each AP */
           for (cpu = 1; cpu < mp_ncpus; cpu++) {
                   apic_id = cpu_apic_ids[cpu];
   
                   /* allocate and set up an idle stack data page */
                   bootstacks[cpu] = (void *)kmem_malloc(kernel_arena,
                       kstack_pages * PAGE_SIZE, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
                   doublefault_stack = (char *)kmem_malloc(kernel_arena,
                       PAGE_SIZE, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
                   nmi_stack = (char *)kmem_malloc(kernel_arena, PAGE_SIZE,
                       M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
                   dpcpu = (void *)kmem_malloc(kernel_arena, DPCPU_SIZE,
                       M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
   
                   bootSTK = (char *)bootstacks[cpu] + kstack_pages * PAGE_SIZE - 8;
                   bootAP = cpu;
   
                   /* attempt to start the Application Processor */
                   if (!start_ap(apic_id)) {
                           /* restore the warmstart vector */
                           *(u_int32_t *) WARMBOOT_OFF = mpbioswarmvec;
                           panic("AP #%d (PHY# %d) failed!", cpu, apic_id);
                   }
   
                   CPU_SET(cpu, &all_cpus);        /* record AP in CPU map */
           }
   
           /* restore the warmstart vector */
           *(u_int32_t *) WARMBOOT_OFF = mpbioswarmvec;
   
           outb(CMOS_REG, BIOS_RESET);
           outb(CMOS_DATA, mpbiosreason);
   
           /* number of APs actually started */
           return mp_naps;
   }
   
   
   /*
    * This function starts the AP (application processor) identified
    * by the APIC ID 'physicalCpu'.  It does quite a "song and dance"
    * to accomplish this.  This is necessary because of the nuances
    * of the different hardware we might encounter.  It isn't pretty,
    * but it seems to work.
    */
   static int
   start_ap(int apic_id)
   {
           int vector, ms;
           int cpus;
   
           /* calculate the vector */
           vector = (boot_address >> 12) & 0xff;
   
           /* used as a watchpoint to signal AP startup */
           cpus = mp_naps;
   
           ipi_startup(apic_id, vector);
   
           /* Wait up to 5 seconds for it to start. */
           for (ms = 0; ms < 5000; ms++) {
                   if (mp_naps > cpus)
                           return 1;       /* return SUCCESS */
                   DELAY(1000);
           }
           return 0;               /* return FAILURE */
   }
   
   void
   invltlb_invpcid_handler(void)
   {
           struct invpcid_descr d;
   
   #ifdef COUNT_XINVLTLB_HITS
           xhits_gbl[PCPU_GET(cpuid)]++;
   #endif /* COUNT_XINVLTLB_HITS */
   #ifdef COUNT_IPIS
           (*ipi_invltlb_counts[PCPU_GET(cpuid)])++;
   #endif /* COUNT_IPIS */
   
           d.pcid = smp_tlb_pmap->pm_pcids[PCPU_GET(cpuid)].pm_pcid;
           d.pad = 0;
           d.addr = 0;
           invpcid(&d, smp_tlb_pmap == kernel_pmap ? INVPCID_CTXGLOB :
               INVPCID_CTX);
           atomic_add_int(&smp_tlb_wait, 1);
   }
   
   void
   invltlb_pcid_handler(void)
   {
   #ifdef COUNT_XINVLTLB_HITS
           xhits_gbl[PCPU_GET(cpuid)]++;
   #endif /* COUNT_XINVLTLB_HITS */
   #ifdef COUNT_IPIS
           (*ipi_invltlb_counts[PCPU_GET(cpuid)])++;
   #endif /* COUNT_IPIS */
   
           if (smp_tlb_pmap == kernel_pmap) {
                   invltlb_glob();
           } else {
                   /*
                    * The current pmap might not be equal to
                    * smp_tlb_pmap.  The clearing of the pm_gen in
                    * pmap_invalidate_all() takes care of TLB
                    * invalidation when switching to the pmap on this
                    * CPU.
                    */
                   if (PCPU_GET(curpmap) == smp_tlb_pmap) {
                           load_cr3(smp_tlb_pmap->pm_cr3 |
                               smp_tlb_pmap->pm_pcids[PCPU_GET(cpuid)].pm_pcid);
                   }
           }
           atomic_add_int(&smp_tlb_wait, 1);
   }

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