The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/amd64/amd64/vm_machdep.c

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986 The Regents of the University of California.
    3  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1990 William Jolitz
    4  * Copyright (c) 1994 John Dyson
    5  * All rights reserved.
    6  *
    7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
    8  * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
    9  * Science Department, and William Jolitz.
   10  *
   11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   13  * are met:
   14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
   20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
   21  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
   22  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
   23  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   24  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   25  *    without specific prior written permission.
   26  *
   27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   28  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   29  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   30  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   31  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   32  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   33  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   34  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   35  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   36  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   37  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   38  *
   39  *      from: @(#)vm_machdep.c  7.3 (Berkeley) 5/13/91
   40  *      Utah $Hdr: vm_machdep.c 1.16.1.1 89/06/23$
   41  */
   42 
   43 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
   44 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: releng/11.1/sys/amd64/amd64/vm_machdep.c 330908 2018-03-14 04:00:00Z gordon $");
   45 
   46 #include "opt_isa.h"
   47 #include "opt_cpu.h"
   48 #include "opt_compat.h"
   49 
   50 #include <sys/param.h>
   51 #include <sys/systm.h>
   52 #include <sys/bio.h>
   53 #include <sys/buf.h>
   54 #include <sys/kernel.h>
   55 #include <sys/ktr.h>
   56 #include <sys/lock.h>
   57 #include <sys/malloc.h>
   58 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
   59 #include <sys/mutex.h>
   60 #include <sys/pioctl.h>
   61 #include <sys/proc.h>
   62 #include <sys/smp.h>
   63 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
   64 #include <sys/sysent.h>
   65 #include <sys/unistd.h>
   66 #include <sys/vnode.h>
   67 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
   68 
   69 #include <machine/cpu.h>
   70 #include <machine/md_var.h>
   71 #include <machine/pcb.h>
   72 #include <machine/smp.h>
   73 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
   74 #include <machine/tss.h>
   75 
   76 #include <vm/vm.h>
   77 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
   78 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
   79 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
   80 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
   81 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
   82 
   83 #include <isa/isareg.h>
   84 
   85 static void     cpu_reset_real(void);
   86 #ifdef SMP
   87 static void     cpu_reset_proxy(void);
   88 static u_int    cpu_reset_proxyid;
   89 static volatile u_int   cpu_reset_proxy_active;
   90 #endif
   91 
   92 _Static_assert(OFFSETOF_CURTHREAD == offsetof(struct pcpu, pc_curthread),
   93     "OFFSETOF_CURTHREAD does not correspond with offset of pc_curthread.");
   94 _Static_assert(OFFSETOF_CURPCB == offsetof(struct pcpu, pc_curpcb),
   95     "OFFSETOF_CURPCB does not correspond with offset of pc_curpcb.");
   96 _Static_assert(OFFSETOF_MONITORBUF == offsetof(struct pcpu, pc_monitorbuf),
   97     "OFFSETOF_MONINORBUF does not correspond with offset of pc_monitorbuf.");
   98 
   99 struct savefpu *
  100 get_pcb_user_save_td(struct thread *td)
  101 {
  102         vm_offset_t p;
  103 
  104         p = td->td_kstack + td->td_kstack_pages * PAGE_SIZE -
  105             roundup2(cpu_max_ext_state_size, XSAVE_AREA_ALIGN);
  106         KASSERT((p % XSAVE_AREA_ALIGN) == 0, ("Unaligned pcb_user_save area"));
  107         return ((struct savefpu *)p);
  108 }
  109 
  110 struct savefpu *
  111 get_pcb_user_save_pcb(struct pcb *pcb)
  112 {
  113         vm_offset_t p;
  114 
  115         p = (vm_offset_t)(pcb + 1);
  116         return ((struct savefpu *)p);
  117 }
  118 
  119 struct pcb *
  120 get_pcb_td(struct thread *td)
  121 {
  122         vm_offset_t p;
  123 
  124         p = td->td_kstack + td->td_kstack_pages * PAGE_SIZE -
  125             roundup2(cpu_max_ext_state_size, XSAVE_AREA_ALIGN) -
  126             sizeof(struct pcb);
  127         return ((struct pcb *)p);
  128 }
  129 
  130 void *
  131 alloc_fpusave(int flags)
  132 {
  133         void *res;
  134         struct savefpu_ymm *sf;
  135 
  136         res = malloc(cpu_max_ext_state_size, M_DEVBUF, flags);
  137         if (use_xsave) {
  138                 sf = (struct savefpu_ymm *)res;
  139                 bzero(&sf->sv_xstate.sx_hd, sizeof(sf->sv_xstate.sx_hd));
  140                 sf->sv_xstate.sx_hd.xstate_bv = xsave_mask;
  141         }
  142         return (res);
  143 }
  144 
  145 /*
  146  * Finish a fork operation, with process p2 nearly set up.
  147  * Copy and update the pcb, set up the stack so that the child
  148  * ready to run and return to user mode.
  149  */
  150 void
  151 cpu_fork(td1, p2, td2, flags)
  152         register struct thread *td1;
  153         register struct proc *p2;
  154         struct thread *td2;
  155         int flags;
  156 {
  157         register struct proc *p1;
  158         struct pcb *pcb2;
  159         struct mdproc *mdp1, *mdp2;
  160         struct proc_ldt *pldt;
  161 
  162         p1 = td1->td_proc;
  163         if ((flags & RFPROC) == 0) {
  164                 if ((flags & RFMEM) == 0) {
  165                         /* unshare user LDT */
  166                         mdp1 = &p1->p_md;
  167                         mtx_lock(&dt_lock);
  168                         if ((pldt = mdp1->md_ldt) != NULL &&
  169                             pldt->ldt_refcnt > 1 &&
  170                             user_ldt_alloc(p1, 1) == NULL)
  171                                 panic("could not copy LDT");
  172                         mtx_unlock(&dt_lock);
  173                 }
  174                 return;
  175         }
  176 
  177         /* Ensure that td1's pcb is up to date. */
  178         fpuexit(td1);
  179 
  180         /* Point the pcb to the top of the stack */
  181         pcb2 = get_pcb_td(td2);
  182         td2->td_pcb = pcb2;
  183 
  184         /* Copy td1's pcb */
  185         bcopy(td1->td_pcb, pcb2, sizeof(*pcb2));
  186 
  187         /* Properly initialize pcb_save */
  188         pcb2->pcb_save = get_pcb_user_save_pcb(pcb2);
  189         bcopy(get_pcb_user_save_td(td1), get_pcb_user_save_pcb(pcb2),
  190             cpu_max_ext_state_size);
  191 
  192         /* Point mdproc and then copy over td1's contents */
  193         mdp2 = &p2->p_md;
  194         bcopy(&p1->p_md, mdp2, sizeof(*mdp2));
  195 
  196         /*
  197          * Create a new fresh stack for the new process.
  198          * Copy the trap frame for the return to user mode as if from a
  199          * syscall.  This copies most of the user mode register values.
  200          */
  201         td2->td_frame = (struct trapframe *)td2->td_pcb - 1;
  202         bcopy(td1->td_frame, td2->td_frame, sizeof(struct trapframe));
  203 
  204         td2->td_frame->tf_rax = 0;              /* Child returns zero */
  205         td2->td_frame->tf_rflags &= ~PSL_C;     /* success */
  206         td2->td_frame->tf_rdx = 1;
  207 
  208         /*
  209          * If the parent process has the trap bit set (i.e. a debugger had
  210          * single stepped the process to the system call), we need to clear
  211          * the trap flag from the new frame unless the debugger had set PF_FORK
  212          * on the parent.  Otherwise, the child will receive a (likely
  213          * unexpected) SIGTRAP when it executes the first instruction after
  214          * returning  to userland.
  215          */
  216         if ((p1->p_pfsflags & PF_FORK) == 0)
  217                 td2->td_frame->tf_rflags &= ~PSL_T;
  218 
  219         /*
  220          * Set registers for trampoline to user mode.  Leave space for the
  221          * return address on stack.  These are the kernel mode register values.
  222          */
  223         pcb2->pcb_r12 = (register_t)fork_return;        /* fork_trampoline argument */
  224         pcb2->pcb_rbp = 0;
  225         pcb2->pcb_rsp = (register_t)td2->td_frame - sizeof(void *);
  226         pcb2->pcb_rbx = (register_t)td2;                /* fork_trampoline argument */
  227         pcb2->pcb_rip = (register_t)fork_trampoline;
  228         /*-
  229          * pcb2->pcb_dr*:       cloned above.
  230          * pcb2->pcb_savefpu:   cloned above.
  231          * pcb2->pcb_flags:     cloned above.
  232          * pcb2->pcb_onfault:   cloned above (always NULL here?).
  233          * pcb2->pcb_[fg]sbase: cloned above
  234          */
  235 
  236         /* Setup to release spin count in fork_exit(). */
  237         td2->td_md.md_spinlock_count = 1;
  238         td2->td_md.md_saved_flags = PSL_KERNEL | PSL_I;
  239         td2->td_md.md_invl_gen.gen = 0;
  240 
  241         /* As an i386, do not copy io permission bitmap. */
  242         pcb2->pcb_tssp = NULL;
  243 
  244         /* New segment registers. */
  245         set_pcb_flags(pcb2, PCB_FULL_IRET);
  246 
  247         /* Copy the LDT, if necessary. */
  248         mdp1 = &td1->td_proc->p_md;
  249         mdp2 = &p2->p_md;
  250         mtx_lock(&dt_lock);
  251         if (mdp1->md_ldt != NULL) {
  252                 if (flags & RFMEM) {
  253                         mdp1->md_ldt->ldt_refcnt++;
  254                         mdp2->md_ldt = mdp1->md_ldt;
  255                         bcopy(&mdp1->md_ldt_sd, &mdp2->md_ldt_sd, sizeof(struct
  256                             system_segment_descriptor));
  257                 } else {
  258                         mdp2->md_ldt = NULL;
  259                         mdp2->md_ldt = user_ldt_alloc(p2, 0);
  260                         if (mdp2->md_ldt == NULL)
  261                                 panic("could not copy LDT");
  262                         amd64_set_ldt_data(td2, 0, max_ldt_segment,
  263                             (struct user_segment_descriptor *)
  264                             mdp1->md_ldt->ldt_base);
  265                 }
  266         } else
  267                 mdp2->md_ldt = NULL;
  268         mtx_unlock(&dt_lock);
  269 
  270         /*
  271          * Now, cpu_switch() can schedule the new process.
  272          * pcb_rsp is loaded pointing to the cpu_switch() stack frame
  273          * containing the return address when exiting cpu_switch.
  274          * This will normally be to fork_trampoline(), which will have
  275          * %ebx loaded with the new proc's pointer.  fork_trampoline()
  276          * will set up a stack to call fork_return(p, frame); to complete
  277          * the return to user-mode.
  278          */
  279 }
  280 
  281 /*
  282  * Intercept the return address from a freshly forked process that has NOT
  283  * been scheduled yet.
  284  *
  285  * This is needed to make kernel threads stay in kernel mode.
  286  */
  287 void
  288 cpu_fork_kthread_handler(struct thread *td, void (*func)(void *), void *arg)
  289 {
  290         /*
  291          * Note that the trap frame follows the args, so the function
  292          * is really called like this:  func(arg, frame);
  293          */
  294         td->td_pcb->pcb_r12 = (long) func;      /* function */
  295         td->td_pcb->pcb_rbx = (long) arg;       /* first arg */
  296 }
  297 
  298 void
  299 cpu_exit(struct thread *td)
  300 {
  301 
  302         /*
  303          * If this process has a custom LDT, release it.
  304          */
  305         mtx_lock(&dt_lock);
  306         if (td->td_proc->p_md.md_ldt != 0)
  307                 user_ldt_free(td);
  308         else
  309                 mtx_unlock(&dt_lock);
  310 }
  311 
  312 void
  313 cpu_thread_exit(struct thread *td)
  314 {
  315         struct pcb *pcb;
  316 
  317         critical_enter();
  318         if (td == PCPU_GET(fpcurthread))
  319                 fpudrop();
  320         critical_exit();
  321 
  322         pcb = td->td_pcb;
  323 
  324         /* Disable any hardware breakpoints. */
  325         if (pcb->pcb_flags & PCB_DBREGS) {
  326                 reset_dbregs();
  327                 clear_pcb_flags(pcb, PCB_DBREGS);
  328         }
  329 }
  330 
  331 void
  332 cpu_thread_clean(struct thread *td)
  333 {
  334         struct pcb *pcb;
  335 
  336         pcb = td->td_pcb;
  337 
  338         /*
  339          * Clean TSS/iomap
  340          */
  341         if (pcb->pcb_tssp != NULL) {
  342                 pmap_pti_remove_kva((vm_offset_t)pcb->pcb_tssp,
  343                     (vm_offset_t)pcb->pcb_tssp + ctob(IOPAGES + 1));
  344                 kmem_free(kernel_arena, (vm_offset_t)pcb->pcb_tssp,
  345                     ctob(IOPAGES + 1));
  346                 pcb->pcb_tssp = NULL;
  347         }
  348 }
  349 
  350 void
  351 cpu_thread_swapin(struct thread *td)
  352 {
  353 }
  354 
  355 void
  356 cpu_thread_swapout(struct thread *td)
  357 {
  358 }
  359 
  360 void
  361 cpu_thread_alloc(struct thread *td)
  362 {
  363         struct pcb *pcb;
  364         struct xstate_hdr *xhdr;
  365 
  366         td->td_pcb = pcb = get_pcb_td(td);
  367         td->td_frame = (struct trapframe *)pcb - 1;
  368         pcb->pcb_save = get_pcb_user_save_pcb(pcb);
  369         if (use_xsave) {
  370                 xhdr = (struct xstate_hdr *)(pcb->pcb_save + 1);
  371                 bzero(xhdr, sizeof(*xhdr));
  372                 xhdr->xstate_bv = xsave_mask;
  373         }
  374 }
  375 
  376 void
  377 cpu_thread_free(struct thread *td)
  378 {
  379 
  380         cpu_thread_clean(td);
  381 }
  382 
  383 void
  384 cpu_set_syscall_retval(struct thread *td, int error)
  385 {
  386 
  387         switch (error) {
  388         case 0:
  389                 td->td_frame->tf_rax = td->td_retval[0];
  390                 td->td_frame->tf_rdx = td->td_retval[1];
  391                 td->td_frame->tf_rflags &= ~PSL_C;
  392                 break;
  393 
  394         case ERESTART:
  395                 /*
  396                  * Reconstruct pc, we know that 'syscall' is 2 bytes,
  397                  * lcall $X,y is 7 bytes, int 0x80 is 2 bytes.
  398                  * We saved this in tf_err.
  399                  * %r10 (which was holding the value of %rcx) is restored
  400                  * for the next iteration.
  401                  * %r10 restore is only required for freebsd/amd64 processes,
  402                  * but shall be innocent for any ia32 ABI.
  403                  *
  404                  * Require full context restore to get the arguments
  405                  * in the registers reloaded at return to usermode.
  406                  */
  407                 td->td_frame->tf_rip -= td->td_frame->tf_err;
  408                 td->td_frame->tf_r10 = td->td_frame->tf_rcx;
  409                 set_pcb_flags(td->td_pcb, PCB_FULL_IRET);
  410                 break;
  411 
  412         case EJUSTRETURN:
  413                 break;
  414 
  415         default:
  416                 td->td_frame->tf_rax = SV_ABI_ERRNO(td->td_proc, error);
  417                 td->td_frame->tf_rflags |= PSL_C;
  418                 break;
  419         }
  420 }
  421 
  422 /*
  423  * Initialize machine state, mostly pcb and trap frame for a new
  424  * thread, about to return to userspace.  Put enough state in the new
  425  * thread's PCB to get it to go back to the fork_return(), which
  426  * finalizes the thread state and handles peculiarities of the first
  427  * return to userspace for the new thread.
  428  */
  429 void
  430 cpu_copy_thread(struct thread *td, struct thread *td0)
  431 {
  432         struct pcb *pcb2;
  433 
  434         /* Point the pcb to the top of the stack. */
  435         pcb2 = td->td_pcb;
  436 
  437         /*
  438          * Copy the upcall pcb.  This loads kernel regs.
  439          * Those not loaded individually below get their default
  440          * values here.
  441          */
  442         bcopy(td0->td_pcb, pcb2, sizeof(*pcb2));
  443         clear_pcb_flags(pcb2, PCB_FPUINITDONE | PCB_USERFPUINITDONE |
  444             PCB_KERNFPU);
  445         pcb2->pcb_save = get_pcb_user_save_pcb(pcb2);
  446         bcopy(get_pcb_user_save_td(td0), pcb2->pcb_save,
  447             cpu_max_ext_state_size);
  448         set_pcb_flags(pcb2, PCB_FULL_IRET);
  449 
  450         /*
  451          * Create a new fresh stack for the new thread.
  452          */
  453         bcopy(td0->td_frame, td->td_frame, sizeof(struct trapframe));
  454 
  455         /* If the current thread has the trap bit set (i.e. a debugger had
  456          * single stepped the process to the system call), we need to clear
  457          * the trap flag from the new frame. Otherwise, the new thread will
  458          * receive a (likely unexpected) SIGTRAP when it executes the first
  459          * instruction after returning to userland.
  460          */
  461         td->td_frame->tf_rflags &= ~PSL_T;
  462 
  463         /*
  464          * Set registers for trampoline to user mode.  Leave space for the
  465          * return address on stack.  These are the kernel mode register values.
  466          */
  467         pcb2->pcb_r12 = (register_t)fork_return;            /* trampoline arg */
  468         pcb2->pcb_rbp = 0;
  469         pcb2->pcb_rsp = (register_t)td->td_frame - sizeof(void *);      /* trampoline arg */
  470         pcb2->pcb_rbx = (register_t)td;                     /* trampoline arg */
  471         pcb2->pcb_rip = (register_t)fork_trampoline;
  472         /*
  473          * If we didn't copy the pcb, we'd need to do the following registers:
  474          * pcb2->pcb_dr*:       cloned above.
  475          * pcb2->pcb_savefpu:   cloned above.
  476          * pcb2->pcb_onfault:   cloned above (always NULL here?).
  477          * pcb2->pcb_[fg]sbase: cloned above
  478          */
  479 
  480         /* Setup to release spin count in fork_exit(). */
  481         td->td_md.md_spinlock_count = 1;
  482         td->td_md.md_saved_flags = PSL_KERNEL | PSL_I;
  483 }
  484 
  485 /*
  486  * Set that machine state for performing an upcall that starts
  487  * the entry function with the given argument.
  488  */
  489 void
  490 cpu_set_upcall(struct thread *td, void (*entry)(void *), void *arg,
  491     stack_t *stack)
  492 {
  493 
  494         /* 
  495          * Do any extra cleaning that needs to be done.
  496          * The thread may have optional components
  497          * that are not present in a fresh thread.
  498          * This may be a recycled thread so make it look
  499          * as though it's newly allocated.
  500          */
  501         cpu_thread_clean(td);
  502 
  503 #ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
  504         if (SV_PROC_FLAG(td->td_proc, SV_ILP32)) {
  505                 /*
  506                  * Set the trap frame to point at the beginning of the entry
  507                  * function.
  508                  */
  509                 td->td_frame->tf_rbp = 0;
  510                 td->td_frame->tf_rsp =
  511                    (((uintptr_t)stack->ss_sp + stack->ss_size - 4) & ~0x0f) - 4;
  512                 td->td_frame->tf_rip = (uintptr_t)entry;
  513 
  514                 /* Pass the argument to the entry point. */
  515                 suword32((void *)(td->td_frame->tf_rsp + sizeof(int32_t)),
  516                     (uint32_t)(uintptr_t)arg);
  517 
  518                 return;
  519         }
  520 #endif
  521 
  522         /*
  523          * Set the trap frame to point at the beginning of the uts
  524          * function.
  525          */
  526         td->td_frame->tf_rbp = 0;
  527         td->td_frame->tf_rsp =
  528             ((register_t)stack->ss_sp + stack->ss_size) & ~0x0f;
  529         td->td_frame->tf_rsp -= 8;
  530         td->td_frame->tf_rip = (register_t)entry;
  531         td->td_frame->tf_ds = _udatasel;
  532         td->td_frame->tf_es = _udatasel;
  533         td->td_frame->tf_fs = _ufssel;
  534         td->td_frame->tf_gs = _ugssel;
  535         td->td_frame->tf_flags = TF_HASSEGS;
  536 
  537         /* Pass the argument to the entry point. */
  538         td->td_frame->tf_rdi = (register_t)arg;
  539 }
  540 
  541 int
  542 cpu_set_user_tls(struct thread *td, void *tls_base)
  543 {
  544         struct pcb *pcb;
  545 
  546         if ((u_int64_t)tls_base >= VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
  547                 return (EINVAL);
  548 
  549         pcb = td->td_pcb;
  550         set_pcb_flags(pcb, PCB_FULL_IRET);
  551 #ifdef COMPAT_FREEBSD32
  552         if (SV_PROC_FLAG(td->td_proc, SV_ILP32)) {
  553                 pcb->pcb_gsbase = (register_t)tls_base;
  554                 return (0);
  555         }
  556 #endif
  557         pcb->pcb_fsbase = (register_t)tls_base;
  558         return (0);
  559 }
  560 
  561 #ifdef SMP
  562 static void
  563 cpu_reset_proxy()
  564 {
  565         cpuset_t tcrp;
  566 
  567         cpu_reset_proxy_active = 1;
  568         while (cpu_reset_proxy_active == 1)
  569                 ia32_pause(); /* Wait for other cpu to see that we've started */
  570 
  571         CPU_SETOF(cpu_reset_proxyid, &tcrp);
  572         stop_cpus(tcrp);
  573         printf("cpu_reset_proxy: Stopped CPU %d\n", cpu_reset_proxyid);
  574         DELAY(1000000);
  575         cpu_reset_real();
  576 }
  577 #endif
  578 
  579 void
  580 cpu_reset()
  581 {
  582 #ifdef SMP
  583         cpuset_t map;
  584         u_int cnt;
  585 
  586         if (smp_started) {
  587                 map = all_cpus;
  588                 CPU_CLR(PCPU_GET(cpuid), &map);
  589                 CPU_NAND(&map, &stopped_cpus);
  590                 if (!CPU_EMPTY(&map)) {
  591                         printf("cpu_reset: Stopping other CPUs\n");
  592                         stop_cpus(map);
  593                 }
  594 
  595                 if (PCPU_GET(cpuid) != 0) {
  596                         cpu_reset_proxyid = PCPU_GET(cpuid);
  597                         cpustop_restartfunc = cpu_reset_proxy;
  598                         cpu_reset_proxy_active = 0;
  599                         printf("cpu_reset: Restarting BSP\n");
  600 
  601                         /* Restart CPU #0. */
  602                         CPU_SETOF(0, &started_cpus);
  603                         wmb();
  604 
  605                         cnt = 0;
  606                         while (cpu_reset_proxy_active == 0 && cnt < 10000000) {
  607                                 ia32_pause();
  608                                 cnt++;  /* Wait for BSP to announce restart */
  609                         }
  610                         if (cpu_reset_proxy_active == 0)
  611                                 printf("cpu_reset: Failed to restart BSP\n");
  612                         enable_intr();
  613                         cpu_reset_proxy_active = 2;
  614 
  615                         while (1)
  616                                 ia32_pause();
  617                         /* NOTREACHED */
  618                 }
  619 
  620                 DELAY(1000000);
  621         }
  622 #endif
  623         cpu_reset_real();
  624         /* NOTREACHED */
  625 }
  626 
  627 static void
  628 cpu_reset_real()
  629 {
  630         struct region_descriptor null_idt;
  631         int b;
  632 
  633         disable_intr();
  634 
  635         /*
  636          * Attempt to do a CPU reset via the keyboard controller,
  637          * do not turn off GateA20, as any machine that fails
  638          * to do the reset here would then end up in no man's land.
  639          */
  640         outb(IO_KBD + 4, 0xFE);
  641         DELAY(500000);  /* wait 0.5 sec to see if that did it */
  642 
  643         /*
  644          * Attempt to force a reset via the Reset Control register at
  645          * I/O port 0xcf9.  Bit 2 forces a system reset when it
  646          * transitions from 0 to 1.  Bit 1 selects the type of reset
  647          * to attempt: 0 selects a "soft" reset, and 1 selects a
  648          * "hard" reset.  We try a "hard" reset.  The first write sets
  649          * bit 1 to select a "hard" reset and clears bit 2.  The
  650          * second write forces a 0 -> 1 transition in bit 2 to trigger
  651          * a reset.
  652          */
  653         outb(0xcf9, 0x2);
  654         outb(0xcf9, 0x6);
  655         DELAY(500000);  /* wait 0.5 sec to see if that did it */
  656 
  657         /*
  658          * Attempt to force a reset via the Fast A20 and Init register
  659          * at I/O port 0x92.  Bit 1 serves as an alternate A20 gate.
  660          * Bit 0 asserts INIT# when set to 1.  We are careful to only
  661          * preserve bit 1 while setting bit 0.  We also must clear bit
  662          * 0 before setting it if it isn't already clear.
  663          */
  664         b = inb(0x92);
  665         if (b != 0xff) {
  666                 if ((b & 0x1) != 0)
  667                         outb(0x92, b & 0xfe);
  668                 outb(0x92, b | 0x1);
  669                 DELAY(500000);  /* wait 0.5 sec to see if that did it */
  670         }
  671 
  672         printf("No known reset method worked, attempting CPU shutdown\n");
  673         DELAY(1000000); /* wait 1 sec for printf to complete */
  674 
  675         /* Wipe the IDT. */
  676         null_idt.rd_limit = 0;
  677         null_idt.rd_base = 0;
  678         lidt(&null_idt);
  679 
  680         /* "good night, sweet prince .... <THUNK!>" */
  681         breakpoint();
  682 
  683         /* NOTREACHED */
  684         while(1);
  685 }
  686 
  687 /*
  688  * Software interrupt handler for queued VM system processing.
  689  */   
  690 void  
  691 swi_vm(void *dummy) 
  692 {     
  693         if (busdma_swi_pending != 0)
  694                 busdma_swi();
  695 }
  696 
  697 /*
  698  * Tell whether this address is in some physical memory region.
  699  * Currently used by the kernel coredump code in order to avoid
  700  * dumping the ``ISA memory hole'' which could cause indefinite hangs,
  701  * or other unpredictable behaviour.
  702  */
  703 
  704 int
  705 is_physical_memory(vm_paddr_t addr)
  706 {
  707 
  708 #ifdef DEV_ISA
  709         /* The ISA ``memory hole''. */
  710         if (addr >= 0xa0000 && addr < 0x100000)
  711                 return 0;
  712 #endif
  713 
  714         /*
  715          * stuff other tests for known memory-mapped devices (PCI?)
  716          * here
  717          */
  718 
  719         return 1;
  720 }

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