The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/amd64/include/atomic.h

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 1998 Doug Rabson
    3  * All rights reserved.
    4  *
    5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
    7  * are met:
    8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
    9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   13  *
   14  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   15  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   16  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   17  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   18  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   19  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   20  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   21  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   22  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   23  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   24  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   25  *
   26  * $FreeBSD: releng/6.0/sys/amd64/include/atomic.h 151008 2005-10-06 18:12:06Z jhb $
   27  */
   28 #ifndef _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
   29 #define _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_
   30 
   31 #ifndef _SYS_CDEFS_H_
   32 #error this file needs sys/cdefs.h as a prerequisite
   33 #endif
   34 
   35 /*
   36  * Various simple arithmetic on memory which is atomic in the presence
   37  * of interrupts and multiple processors.
   38  *
   39  * atomic_set_char(P, V)        (*(u_char*)(P) |= (V))
   40  * atomic_clear_char(P, V)      (*(u_char*)(P) &= ~(V))
   41  * atomic_add_char(P, V)        (*(u_char*)(P) += (V))
   42  * atomic_subtract_char(P, V)   (*(u_char*)(P) -= (V))
   43  *
   44  * atomic_set_short(P, V)       (*(u_short*)(P) |= (V))
   45  * atomic_clear_short(P, V)     (*(u_short*)(P) &= ~(V))
   46  * atomic_add_short(P, V)       (*(u_short*)(P) += (V))
   47  * atomic_subtract_short(P, V)  (*(u_short*)(P) -= (V))
   48  *
   49  * atomic_set_int(P, V)         (*(u_int*)(P) |= (V))
   50  * atomic_clear_int(P, V)       (*(u_int*)(P) &= ~(V))
   51  * atomic_add_int(P, V)         (*(u_int*)(P) += (V))
   52  * atomic_subtract_int(P, V)    (*(u_int*)(P) -= (V))
   53  * atomic_readandclear_int(P)   (return  *(u_int*)P; *(u_int*)P = 0;)
   54  *
   55  * atomic_set_long(P, V)        (*(u_long*)(P) |= (V))
   56  * atomic_clear_long(P, V)      (*(u_long*)(P) &= ~(V))
   57  * atomic_add_long(P, V)        (*(u_long*)(P) += (V))
   58  * atomic_subtract_long(P, V)   (*(u_long*)(P) -= (V))
   59  * atomic_readandclear_long(P)  (return  *(u_long*)P; *(u_long*)P = 0;)
   60  */
   61 
   62 /*
   63  * The above functions are expanded inline in the statically-linked
   64  * kernel.  Lock prefixes are generated if an SMP kernel is being
   65  * built.
   66  *
   67  * Kernel modules call real functions which are built into the kernel.
   68  * This allows kernel modules to be portable between UP and SMP systems.
   69  */
   70 #if defined(KLD_MODULE) || !(defined(__GNUCLIKE_ASM) && defined(__CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE))
   71 #define ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)                     \
   72 void atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
   73 
   74 int atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src);
   75 int atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long exp, u_long src);
   76 u_int atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v);
   77 
   78 #define ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)                       \
   79 u_##TYPE        atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p);   \
   80 void            atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)
   81 
   82 #else /* !KLD_MODULE && __GNUCLIKE_ASM && __CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE */
   83 
   84 /*
   85  * For userland, assume the SMP case and use lock prefixes so that
   86  * the binaries will run on both types of systems.
   87  */
   88 #if defined(SMP) || !defined(_KERNEL)
   89 #define MPLOCKED        lock ;
   90 #else
   91 #define MPLOCKED
   92 #endif
   93 
   94 /*
   95  * The assembly is volatilized to demark potential before-and-after side
   96  * effects if an interrupt or SMP collision were to occur.
   97  */
   98 #define ATOMIC_ASM(NAME, TYPE, OP, CONS, V)             \
   99 static __inline void                                    \
  100 atomic_##NAME##_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
  101 {                                                       \
  102         __asm __volatile(__XSTRING(MPLOCKED) OP         \
  103                          : "=m" (*p)                    \
  104                          : CONS (V), "m" (*p));         \
  105 }                                                       \
  106 struct __hack
  107 
  108 /*
  109  * Atomic compare and set, used by the mutex functions
  110  *
  111  * if (*dst == exp) *dst = src (all 32 bit words)
  112  *
  113  * Returns 0 on failure, non-zero on success
  114  */
  115 
  116 static __inline int
  117 atomic_cmpset_int(volatile u_int *dst, u_int exp, u_int src)
  118 {
  119         int res = exp;
  120 
  121         __asm __volatile (
  122         "       " __XSTRING(MPLOCKED) " "
  123         "       cmpxchgl %2,%1 ;        "
  124         "       setz    %%al ;          "
  125         "       movzbl  %%al,%0 ;       "
  126         "1:                             "
  127         "# atomic_cmpset_int"
  128         : "+a" (res),                   /* 0 (result) */
  129           "=m" (*dst)                   /* 1 */
  130         : "r" (src),                    /* 2 */
  131           "m" (*dst)                    /* 3 */
  132         : "memory");
  133 
  134         return (res);
  135 }
  136 
  137 static __inline int
  138 atomic_cmpset_long(volatile u_long *dst, u_long exp, u_long src)
  139 {
  140         long res = exp;
  141 
  142         __asm __volatile (
  143         "       " __XSTRING(MPLOCKED) " "
  144         "       cmpxchgq %2,%1 ;        "
  145         "       setz    %%al ;          "
  146         "       movzbq  %%al,%0 ;       "
  147         "1:                             "
  148         "# atomic_cmpset_long"
  149         : "+a" (res),                   /* 0 (result) */
  150           "=m" (*dst)                   /* 1 */
  151         : "r" (src),                    /* 2 */
  152           "m" (*dst)                    /* 3 */
  153         : "memory");
  154 
  155         return (res);
  156 }
  157 
  158 /*
  159  * Atomically add the value of v to the integer pointed to by p and return
  160  * the previous value of *p.
  161  */
  162 static __inline u_int
  163 atomic_fetchadd_int(volatile u_int *p, u_int v)
  164 {
  165 
  166         __asm __volatile (
  167         "       " __XSTRING(MPLOCKED) " "
  168         "       xaddl   %0, %1 ;        "
  169         "# atomic_fetchadd_int"
  170         : "+r" (v),                     /* 0 (result) */
  171           "=m" (*p)                     /* 1 */
  172         : "m" (*p));                    /* 2 */
  173 
  174         return (v);
  175 }
  176 
  177 #define ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(TYPE, LOP, SOP)               \
  178 static __inline u_##TYPE                                \
  179 atomic_load_acq_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p)            \
  180 {                                                       \
  181         u_##TYPE res;                                   \
  182                                                         \
  183         __asm __volatile(__XSTRING(MPLOCKED) LOP        \
  184         : "=a" (res),                   /* 0 (result) */\
  185           "=m" (*p)                     /* 1 */         \
  186         : "m" (*p)                      /* 2 */         \
  187         : "memory");                                    \
  188                                                         \
  189         return (res);                                   \
  190 }                                                       \
  191                                                         \
  192 /*                                                      \
  193  * The XCHG instruction asserts LOCK automagically.     \
  194  */                                                     \
  195 static __inline void                                    \
  196 atomic_store_rel_##TYPE(volatile u_##TYPE *p, u_##TYPE v)\
  197 {                                                       \
  198         __asm __volatile(SOP                            \
  199         : "=m" (*p),                    /* 0 */         \
  200           "+r" (v)                      /* 1 */         \
  201         : "m" (*p));                    /* 2 */         \
  202 }                                                       \
  203 struct __hack
  204 
  205 #endif /* KLD_MODULE || !(__GNUCLIKE_ASM && __CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE) */
  206 
  207 ATOMIC_ASM(set,      char,  "orb %b1,%0",  "iq",  v);
  208 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    char,  "andb %b1,%0", "iq", ~v);
  209 ATOMIC_ASM(add,      char,  "addb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
  210 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, char,  "subb %b1,%0", "iq",  v);
  211 
  212 ATOMIC_ASM(set,      short, "orw %w1,%0",  "ir",  v);
  213 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    short, "andw %w1,%0", "ir", ~v);
  214 ATOMIC_ASM(add,      short, "addw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
  215 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, short, "subw %w1,%0", "ir",  v);
  216 
  217 ATOMIC_ASM(set,      int,   "orl %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
  218 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    int,   "andl %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
  219 ATOMIC_ASM(add,      int,   "addl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
  220 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, int,   "subl %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
  221 
  222 ATOMIC_ASM(set,      long,  "orq %1,%0",   "ir",  v);
  223 ATOMIC_ASM(clear,    long,  "andq %1,%0",  "ir", ~v);
  224 ATOMIC_ASM(add,      long,  "addq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
  225 ATOMIC_ASM(subtract, long,  "subq %1,%0",  "ir",  v);
  226 
  227 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(char, "cmpxchgb %b0,%1", "xchgb %b1,%0");
  228 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(short,"cmpxchgw %w0,%1", "xchgw %w1,%0");
  229 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(int,  "cmpxchgl %0,%1",  "xchgl %1,%0");
  230 ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD(long, "cmpxchgq %0,%1",  "xchgq %1,%0");
  231 
  232 #undef ATOMIC_ASM
  233 #undef ATOMIC_STORE_LOAD
  234 
  235 #if !defined(WANT_FUNCTIONS)
  236 
  237 /* Read the current value and store a zero in the destination. */
  238 #if defined(__GNUCLIKE_ASM) && defined(__CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE)
  239 
  240 static __inline u_int
  241 atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *addr)
  242 {
  243         u_int result;
  244 
  245         result = 0;
  246         __asm __volatile (
  247         "       xchgl   %1,%0 ;         "
  248         "# atomic_readandclear_int"
  249         : "+r" (result),                /* 0 (result) */
  250           "=m" (*addr)                  /* 1 (addr) */
  251         : "m" (*addr));
  252 
  253         return (result);
  254 }
  255 
  256 static __inline u_long
  257 atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *addr)
  258 {
  259         u_long result;
  260 
  261         result = 0;
  262         __asm __volatile (
  263         "       xchgq   %1,%0 ;         "
  264         "# atomic_readandclear_long"
  265         : "+r" (result),                /* 0 (result) */
  266           "=m" (*addr)                  /* 1 (addr) */
  267         : "m" (*addr));
  268 
  269         return (result);
  270 }
  271 
  272 #else /* !(__GNUCLIKE_ASM && __CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE) */
  273 
  274 u_int   atomic_readandclear_int(volatile u_int *);
  275 u_long  atomic_readandclear_long(volatile u_long *);
  276 
  277 #endif /* __GNUCLIKE_ASM && __CC_SUPPORTS___INLINE */
  278 
  279 /* Acquire and release variants are identical to the normal ones. */
  280 #define atomic_set_acq_char             atomic_set_char
  281 #define atomic_set_rel_char             atomic_set_char
  282 #define atomic_clear_acq_char           atomic_clear_char
  283 #define atomic_clear_rel_char           atomic_clear_char
  284 #define atomic_add_acq_char             atomic_add_char
  285 #define atomic_add_rel_char             atomic_add_char
  286 #define atomic_subtract_acq_char        atomic_subtract_char
  287 #define atomic_subtract_rel_char        atomic_subtract_char
  288 
  289 #define atomic_set_acq_short            atomic_set_short
  290 #define atomic_set_rel_short            atomic_set_short
  291 #define atomic_clear_acq_short          atomic_clear_short
  292 #define atomic_clear_rel_short          atomic_clear_short
  293 #define atomic_add_acq_short            atomic_add_short
  294 #define atomic_add_rel_short            atomic_add_short
  295 #define atomic_subtract_acq_short       atomic_subtract_short
  296 #define atomic_subtract_rel_short       atomic_subtract_short
  297 
  298 #define atomic_set_acq_int              atomic_set_int
  299 #define atomic_set_rel_int              atomic_set_int
  300 #define atomic_clear_acq_int            atomic_clear_int
  301 #define atomic_clear_rel_int            atomic_clear_int
  302 #define atomic_add_acq_int              atomic_add_int
  303 #define atomic_add_rel_int              atomic_add_int
  304 #define atomic_subtract_acq_int         atomic_subtract_int
  305 #define atomic_subtract_rel_int         atomic_subtract_int
  306 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_int           atomic_cmpset_int
  307 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_int           atomic_cmpset_int
  308 
  309 #define atomic_set_acq_long             atomic_set_long
  310 #define atomic_set_rel_long             atomic_set_long
  311 #define atomic_clear_acq_long           atomic_clear_long
  312 #define atomic_clear_rel_long           atomic_clear_long
  313 #define atomic_add_acq_long             atomic_add_long
  314 #define atomic_add_rel_long             atomic_add_long
  315 #define atomic_subtract_acq_long        atomic_subtract_long
  316 #define atomic_subtract_rel_long        atomic_subtract_long
  317 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_long          atomic_cmpset_long
  318 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_long          atomic_cmpset_long
  319 
  320 /* Operations on 8-bit bytes. */
  321 #define atomic_set_8            atomic_set_char
  322 #define atomic_set_acq_8        atomic_set_acq_char
  323 #define atomic_set_rel_8        atomic_set_rel_char
  324 #define atomic_clear_8          atomic_clear_char
  325 #define atomic_clear_acq_8      atomic_clear_acq_char
  326 #define atomic_clear_rel_8      atomic_clear_rel_char
  327 #define atomic_add_8            atomic_add_char
  328 #define atomic_add_acq_8        atomic_add_acq_char
  329 #define atomic_add_rel_8        atomic_add_rel_char
  330 #define atomic_subtract_8       atomic_subtract_char
  331 #define atomic_subtract_acq_8   atomic_subtract_acq_char
  332 #define atomic_subtract_rel_8   atomic_subtract_rel_char
  333 #define atomic_load_acq_8       atomic_load_acq_char
  334 #define atomic_store_rel_8      atomic_store_rel_char
  335 
  336 /* Operations on 16-bit words. */
  337 #define atomic_set_16           atomic_set_short
  338 #define atomic_set_acq_16       atomic_set_acq_short
  339 #define atomic_set_rel_16       atomic_set_rel_short
  340 #define atomic_clear_16         atomic_clear_short
  341 #define atomic_clear_acq_16     atomic_clear_acq_short
  342 #define atomic_clear_rel_16     atomic_clear_rel_short
  343 #define atomic_add_16           atomic_add_short
  344 #define atomic_add_acq_16       atomic_add_acq_short
  345 #define atomic_add_rel_16       atomic_add_rel_short
  346 #define atomic_subtract_16      atomic_subtract_short
  347 #define atomic_subtract_acq_16  atomic_subtract_acq_short
  348 #define atomic_subtract_rel_16  atomic_subtract_rel_short
  349 #define atomic_load_acq_16      atomic_load_acq_short
  350 #define atomic_store_rel_16     atomic_store_rel_short
  351 
  352 /* Operations on 32-bit double words. */
  353 #define atomic_set_32           atomic_set_int
  354 #define atomic_set_acq_32       atomic_set_acq_int
  355 #define atomic_set_rel_32       atomic_set_rel_int
  356 #define atomic_clear_32         atomic_clear_int
  357 #define atomic_clear_acq_32     atomic_clear_acq_int
  358 #define atomic_clear_rel_32     atomic_clear_rel_int
  359 #define atomic_add_32           atomic_add_int
  360 #define atomic_add_acq_32       atomic_add_acq_int
  361 #define atomic_add_rel_32       atomic_add_rel_int
  362 #define atomic_subtract_32      atomic_subtract_int
  363 #define atomic_subtract_acq_32  atomic_subtract_acq_int
  364 #define atomic_subtract_rel_32  atomic_subtract_rel_int
  365 #define atomic_load_acq_32      atomic_load_acq_int
  366 #define atomic_store_rel_32     atomic_store_rel_int
  367 #define atomic_cmpset_32        atomic_cmpset_int
  368 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_32    atomic_cmpset_acq_int
  369 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_32    atomic_cmpset_rel_int
  370 #define atomic_readandclear_32  atomic_readandclear_int
  371 #define atomic_fetchadd_32      atomic_fetchadd_int
  372 
  373 /* Operations on 64-bit quad words. */
  374 #define atomic_set_64           atomic_set_long
  375 #define atomic_set_acq_64       atomic_set_acq_long
  376 #define atomic_set_rel_64       atomic_set_rel_long
  377 #define atomic_clear_64         atomic_clear_long
  378 #define atomic_clear_acq_64     atomic_clear_acq_long
  379 #define atomic_clear_rel_64     atomic_clear_rel_long
  380 #define atomic_add_64           atomic_add_long
  381 #define atomic_add_acq_64       atomic_add_acq_long
  382 #define atomic_add_rel_64       atomic_add_rel_long
  383 #define atomic_subtract_64      atomic_subtract_long
  384 #define atomic_subtract_acq_64  atomic_subtract_acq_long
  385 #define atomic_subtract_rel_64  atomic_subtract_rel_long
  386 #define atomic_load_acq_64      atomic_load_acq_long
  387 #define atomic_store_rel_64     atomic_store_rel_long
  388 #define atomic_cmpset_64        atomic_cmpset_long
  389 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_64    atomic_cmpset_acq_long
  390 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_64    atomic_cmpset_rel_long
  391 #define atomic_readandclear_64  atomic_readandclear_long
  392 
  393 /* Operations on pointers. */
  394 #define atomic_set_ptr          atomic_set_long
  395 #define atomic_set_acq_ptr      atomic_set_acq_long
  396 #define atomic_set_rel_ptr      atomic_set_rel_long
  397 #define atomic_clear_ptr        atomic_clear_long
  398 #define atomic_clear_acq_ptr    atomic_clear_acq_long
  399 #define atomic_clear_rel_ptr    atomic_clear_rel_long
  400 #define atomic_add_ptr          atomic_add_long
  401 #define atomic_add_acq_ptr      atomic_add_acq_long
  402 #define atomic_add_rel_ptr      atomic_add_rel_long
  403 #define atomic_subtract_ptr     atomic_subtract_long
  404 #define atomic_subtract_acq_ptr atomic_subtract_acq_long
  405 #define atomic_subtract_rel_ptr atomic_subtract_rel_long
  406 #define atomic_load_acq_ptr     atomic_load_acq_long
  407 #define atomic_store_rel_ptr    atomic_store_rel_long
  408 #define atomic_cmpset_ptr       atomic_cmpset_long
  409 #define atomic_cmpset_acq_ptr   atomic_cmpset_acq_long
  410 #define atomic_cmpset_rel_ptr   atomic_cmpset_rel_long
  411 #define atomic_readandclear_ptr atomic_readandclear_long
  412 
  413 #endif  /* !defined(WANT_FUNCTIONS) */
  414 #endif /* ! _MACHINE_ATOMIC_H_ */

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