FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/arm/at91/at91_machdep.c

     /*-
      * Copyright (c) 1994-1998 Mark Brinicombe.
      * Copyright (c) 1994 Brini.
      * All rights reserved.
      *
      * This code is derived from software written for Brini by Mark Brinicombe
      *
      * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     * are met:
     * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
     *    must display the following acknowledgement:
     *      This product includes software developed by Brini.
     * 4. The name of the company nor the name of the author may be used to
     *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
     *    prior written permission.
     *
     * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BRINI ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
     * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
     * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
     * IN NO EVENT SHALL BRINI OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
     * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
     * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
     * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     * SUCH DAMAGE.
     *
     * RiscBSD kernel project
     *
     * machdep.c
     *
     * Machine dependant functions for kernel setup
     *
     * This file needs a lot of work.
     *
     * Created      : 17/09/94
     */
    
    #include <sys/cdefs.h>
    __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: releng/9.0/sys/arm/at91/at91_machdep.c 223562 2011-06-26 10:07:48Z kevlo $");
    
    #define _ARM32_BUS_DMA_PRIVATE
    #include <sys/param.h>
    #include <sys/systm.h>
    #include <sys/sysproto.h>
    #include <sys/signalvar.h>
    #include <sys/imgact.h>
    #include <sys/kernel.h>
    #include <sys/ktr.h>
    #include <sys/linker.h>
    #include <sys/lock.h>
    #include <sys/malloc.h>
    #include <sys/mutex.h>
    #include <sys/pcpu.h>
    #include <sys/proc.h>
    #include <sys/ptrace.h>
    #include <sys/cons.h>
    #include <sys/bio.h>
    #include <sys/bus.h>
    #include <sys/buf.h>
    #include <sys/exec.h>
    #include <sys/kdb.h>
    #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
    #include <machine/reg.h>
    #include <machine/cpu.h>
    
    #include <vm/vm.h>
    #include <vm/pmap.h>
    #include <vm/vm_object.h>
    #include <vm/vm_page.h>
    #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
    #include <vm/vm_map.h>
    #include <machine/pmap.h>
    #include <machine/vmparam.h>
    #include <machine/pcb.h>
    #include <machine/undefined.h>
    #include <machine/machdep.h>
    #include <machine/metadata.h>
    #include <machine/armreg.h>
    #include <machine/bus.h>
    #include <sys/reboot.h>
    
    #include <arm/at91/at91board.h>
    #include <arm/at91/at91var.h>
    #include <arm/at91/at91rm92reg.h>
    #include <arm/at91/at91sam9g20reg.h>
    
    #define KERNEL_PT_SYS           0       /* Page table for mapping proc0 zero page */
    #define KERNEL_PT_KERN          1
    #define KERNEL_PT_KERN_NUM      22
    #define KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL      KERNEL_PT_KERN + KERNEL_PT_KERN_NUM     /* L2 table for mapping after kernel */
    #define KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL_NUM  5
   
   /* this should be evenly divisable by PAGE_SIZE / L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL (or 4) */
   #define NUM_KERNEL_PTS          (KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL + KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL_NUM)
   
   /* Define various stack sizes in pages */
   #define IRQ_STACK_SIZE  1
   #define ABT_STACK_SIZE  1
   #define UND_STACK_SIZE  1
   
   extern u_int data_abort_handler_address;
   extern u_int prefetch_abort_handler_address;
   extern u_int undefined_handler_address;
   
   struct pv_addr kernel_pt_table[NUM_KERNEL_PTS];
   
   extern void *_end;
   
   extern int *end;
   
   struct pcpu __pcpu;
   struct pcpu *pcpup = &__pcpu;
   
   /* Physical and virtual addresses for some global pages */
   
   vm_paddr_t phys_avail[10];
   vm_paddr_t dump_avail[4];
   vm_offset_t physical_pages;
   
   struct pv_addr systempage;
   struct pv_addr msgbufpv;
   struct pv_addr irqstack;
   struct pv_addr undstack;
   struct pv_addr abtstack;
   struct pv_addr kernelstack;
   
   static void *boot_arg1;
   static void *boot_arg2;
   
   static struct trapframe proc0_tf;
   
   /* Static device mappings. */
   const struct pmap_devmap at91_devmap[] = {
           /*
            * Map the on-board devices VA == PA so that we can access them
            * with the MMU on or off.
            */
           {
                   /*
                    * This at least maps the interrupt controller, the UART
                    * and the timer. Other devices should use newbus to
                    * map their memory anyway.
                    */
                   0xdff00000,
                   0xfff00000,
                   0x00100000,
                   VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
                   PTE_NOCACHE,
           },
           /* We can't just map the OHCI registers VA == PA, because
            * AT91xx_xxx_BASE belongs to the userland address space.
            * We could just choose a different virtual address, but a better
            * solution would probably be to just use pmap_mapdev() to allocate
            * KVA, as we don't need the OHCI controller before the vm
            * initialization is done. However, the AT91 resource allocation
            * system doesn't know how to use pmap_mapdev() yet.
            * Care must be taken to ensure PA and VM address do not overlap
            * between entries.
            */
           {
                   /*
                    * Add the ohci controller, and anything else that might be
                    * on this chip select for a VA/PA mapping.
                    */
                   /* Internal Memory 1MB  */
                   AT91RM92_OHCI_BASE,
                   AT91RM92_OHCI_PA_BASE,
                   0x00100000,
                   VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
                   PTE_NOCACHE,
           },
           {
                   /* CompactFlash controller. Portion of EBI CS4 1MB */
                   AT91RM92_CF_BASE,
                   AT91RM92_CF_PA_BASE,
                   0x00100000,
                   VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
                   PTE_NOCACHE,
           },
           /* The next two should be good for the 9260, 9261 and 9G20 since
            * addresses mapping is the same. */
           {
                   /* Internal Memory 1MB  */
                   AT91SAM9G20_OHCI_BASE,
                   AT91SAM9G20_OHCI_PA_BASE,
                   0x00100000,
                   VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
                   PTE_NOCACHE,
           },
           {
                   /* EBI CS3 256MB */
                   AT91SAM9G20_NAND_BASE,
                   AT91SAM9G20_NAND_PA_BASE,
                   AT91SAM9G20_NAND_SIZE,
                   VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
                   PTE_NOCACHE,
           },
           { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, }
   };
   
   long
   at91_ramsize(void)
   {
           uint32_t *SDRAMC = (uint32_t *)(AT91_BASE + AT91RM92_SDRAMC_BASE);
           uint32_t cr, mr;
           int banks, rows, cols, bw;
   
           if (at91_is_rm92()) {
                   SDRAMC = (uint32_t *)(AT91_BASE + AT91RM92_SDRAMC_BASE);
                   cr = SDRAMC[AT91RM92_SDRAMC_CR / 4];
                   mr = SDRAMC[AT91RM92_SDRAMC_MR / 4];
                   banks = (cr & AT91RM92_SDRAMC_CR_NB_4) ? 2 : 1;
                   rows = ((cr & AT91RM92_SDRAMC_CR_NR_MASK) >> 2) + 11;
                   cols = (cr & AT91RM92_SDRAMC_CR_NC_MASK) + 8;
                   bw = (mr & AT91RM92_SDRAMC_MR_DBW_16) ? 1 : 2;
           } else {
                   /* This should be good for the 9260, 9261 and 9G20 as addresses
                    * and registers are the same */
                   SDRAMC = (uint32_t *)(AT91_BASE + AT91SAM9G20_SDRAMC_BASE);
                   cr = SDRAMC[AT91SAM9G20_SDRAMC_CR / 4];
                   mr = SDRAMC[AT91SAM9G20_SDRAMC_MR / 4];
                   banks = (cr & AT91SAM9G20_SDRAMC_CR_NB_4) ? 2 : 1;
                   rows = ((cr & AT91SAM9G20_SDRAMC_CR_NR_MASK) >> 2) + 11;
                   cols = (cr & AT91SAM9G20_SDRAMC_CR_NC_MASK) + 8;
                   bw = (cr & AT91SAM9G20_SDRAMC_CR_DBW_16) ? 1 : 2;
           }
   
           return (1 << (cols + rows + banks + bw));
   }
   
   void *
   initarm(void *arg, void *arg2)
   {
           struct pv_addr  kernel_l1pt;
           struct pv_addr  dpcpu;
           int loop, i;
           u_int l1pagetable;
           vm_offset_t freemempos;
           vm_offset_t afterkern;
           uint32_t memsize;
           vm_offset_t lastaddr;
   
           boot_arg1 = arg;
           boot_arg2 = arg2;
           set_cpufuncs();
           lastaddr = fake_preload_metadata();
           pcpu_init(pcpup, 0, sizeof(struct pcpu));
           PCPU_SET(curthread, &thread0);
   
           /* Do basic tuning, hz etc */
           init_param1();
   
           freemempos = (lastaddr + PAGE_MASK) & ~PAGE_MASK;
           /* Define a macro to simplify memory allocation */
   #define valloc_pages(var, np)                   \
           alloc_pages((var).pv_va, (np));         \
           (var).pv_pa = (var).pv_va + (KERNPHYSADDR - KERNVIRTADDR);
   
   #define alloc_pages(var, np)                    \
           (var) = freemempos;             \
           freemempos += (np * PAGE_SIZE);         \
           memset((char *)(var), 0, ((np) * PAGE_SIZE));
   
           while (((freemempos - L1_TABLE_SIZE) & (L1_TABLE_SIZE - 1)) != 0)
                   freemempos += PAGE_SIZE;
           valloc_pages(kernel_l1pt, L1_TABLE_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
           for (loop = 0; loop < NUM_KERNEL_PTS; ++loop) {
                   if (!(loop % (PAGE_SIZE / L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL))) {
                           valloc_pages(kernel_pt_table[loop],
                               L2_TABLE_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
                   } else {
                           kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_va = freemempos -
                               (loop % (PAGE_SIZE / L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL)) *
                               L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL;
                           kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_pa =
                               kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_va - KERNVIRTADDR +
                               KERNPHYSADDR;
                   }
                   i++;
           }
           /*
            * Allocate a page for the system page mapped to V0x00000000
            * This page will just contain the system vectors and can be
            * shared by all processes.
            */
           valloc_pages(systempage, 1);
   
           /* Allocate dynamic per-cpu area. */
           valloc_pages(dpcpu, DPCPU_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
           dpcpu_init((void *)dpcpu.pv_va, 0);
   
           /* Allocate stacks for all modes */
           valloc_pages(irqstack, IRQ_STACK_SIZE);
           valloc_pages(abtstack, ABT_STACK_SIZE);
           valloc_pages(undstack, UND_STACK_SIZE);
           valloc_pages(kernelstack, KSTACK_PAGES);
           valloc_pages(msgbufpv, round_page(msgbufsize) / PAGE_SIZE);
   
           /*
            * Now we start construction of the L1 page table
            * We start by mapping the L2 page tables into the L1.
            * This means that we can replace L1 mappings later on if necessary
            */
           l1pagetable = kernel_l1pt.pv_va;
   
           /* Map the L2 pages tables in the L1 page table */
           pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, ARM_VECTORS_HIGH,
               &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_SYS]);
           for (i = 0; i < KERNEL_PT_KERN_NUM; i++)
                   pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, KERNBASE + i * L1_S_SIZE,
                       &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_KERN + i]);
           pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, KERNBASE, PHYSADDR,
              (((uint32_t)lastaddr - KERNBASE) + PAGE_SIZE) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1),
               VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
           afterkern = round_page((lastaddr + L1_S_SIZE) & ~(L1_S_SIZE - 1));
           for (i = 0; i < KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL_NUM; i++) {
                   pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, afterkern + i * L1_S_SIZE,
                       &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL + i]);
           }
   
           /* Map the vector page. */
           pmap_map_entry(l1pagetable, ARM_VECTORS_HIGH, systempage.pv_pa,
               VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
   
           /* Map the DPCPU pages */
           pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, dpcpu.pv_va, dpcpu.pv_pa, DPCPU_SIZE,
               VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
   
           /* Map the stack pages */
           pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, irqstack.pv_va, irqstack.pv_pa,
               IRQ_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
           pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, abtstack.pv_va, abtstack.pv_pa,
               ABT_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
           pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, undstack.pv_va, undstack.pv_pa,
               UND_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
           pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, kernelstack.pv_va, kernelstack.pv_pa,
               KSTACK_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
   
           pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, kernel_l1pt.pv_va, kernel_l1pt.pv_pa,
               L1_TABLE_SIZE, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_PAGETABLE);
           pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, msgbufpv.pv_va, msgbufpv.pv_pa,
               msgbufsize, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
   
           for (loop = 0; loop < NUM_KERNEL_PTS; ++loop) {
                   pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_va,
                       kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_pa, L2_TABLE_SIZE,
                       VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_PAGETABLE);
           }
   
           pmap_devmap_bootstrap(l1pagetable, at91_devmap);
           cpu_domains((DOMAIN_CLIENT << (PMAP_DOMAIN_KERNEL*2)) | DOMAIN_CLIENT);
           setttb(kernel_l1pt.pv_pa);
           cpu_tlb_flushID();
           cpu_domains(DOMAIN_CLIENT << (PMAP_DOMAIN_KERNEL*2));
   
           cninit();
   
           /* Get chip id so device drivers know about differences */
           at91_chip_id = *(volatile uint32_t *)
                   (AT91_BASE + AT91_DBGU_BASE + DBGU_C1R);
   
           memsize = board_init();
           physmem = memsize / PAGE_SIZE;
   
           /*
            * Pages were allocated during the secondary bootstrap for the
            * stacks for different CPU modes.
            * We must now set the r13 registers in the different CPU modes to
            * point to these stacks.
            * Since the ARM stacks use STMFD etc. we must set r13 to the top end
            * of the stack memory.
            */
           cpu_control(CPU_CONTROL_MMU_ENABLE, CPU_CONTROL_MMU_ENABLE);
           set_stackptr(PSR_IRQ32_MODE,
               irqstack.pv_va + IRQ_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
           set_stackptr(PSR_ABT32_MODE,
               abtstack.pv_va + ABT_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
           set_stackptr(PSR_UND32_MODE,
               undstack.pv_va + UND_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
   
           /*
            * We must now clean the cache again....
            * Cleaning may be done by reading new data to displace any
            * dirty data in the cache. This will have happened in setttb()
            * but since we are boot strapping the addresses used for the read
            * may have just been remapped and thus the cache could be out
            * of sync. A re-clean after the switch will cure this.
            * After booting there are no gross relocations of the kernel thus
            * this problem will not occur after initarm().
            */
           cpu_idcache_wbinv_all();
   
           /* Set stack for exception handlers */
   
           data_abort_handler_address = (u_int)data_abort_handler;
           prefetch_abort_handler_address = (u_int)prefetch_abort_handler;
           undefined_handler_address = (u_int)undefinedinstruction_bounce;
           undefined_init();
   
           proc_linkup0(&proc0, &thread0);
           thread0.td_kstack = kernelstack.pv_va;
           thread0.td_pcb = (struct pcb *)
                   (thread0.td_kstack + KSTACK_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE) - 1;
           thread0.td_pcb->pcb_flags = 0;
           thread0.td_frame = &proc0_tf;
           pcpup->pc_curpcb = thread0.td_pcb;
   
           arm_vector_init(ARM_VECTORS_HIGH, ARM_VEC_ALL);
   
           pmap_curmaxkvaddr = afterkern + L1_S_SIZE * (KERNEL_PT_KERN_NUM - 1);
   
           /*
            * ARM_USE_SMALL_ALLOC uses dump_avail, so it must be filled before
            * calling pmap_bootstrap.
            */
           dump_avail[0] = PHYSADDR;
           dump_avail[1] = PHYSADDR + memsize;
           dump_avail[2] = 0;
           dump_avail[3] = 0;
   
           pmap_bootstrap(freemempos,
               KERNVIRTADDR + 3 * memsize,
               &kernel_l1pt);
           msgbufp = (void*)msgbufpv.pv_va;
           msgbufinit(msgbufp, msgbufsize);
           mutex_init();
   
           i = 0;
   #if PHYSADDR != KERNPHYSADDR
           phys_avail[i++] = PHYSADDR;
           phys_avail[i++] = KERNPHYSADDR;
   #endif
           phys_avail[i++] = virtual_avail - KERNVIRTADDR + KERNPHYSADDR;
           phys_avail[i++] = PHYSADDR + memsize;
           phys_avail[i++] = 0;
           phys_avail[i++] = 0;
           init_param2(physmem);
           kdb_init();
           return ((void *)(kernelstack.pv_va + USPACE_SVC_STACK_TOP -
               sizeof(struct pcb)));
   }

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