The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/arm/xscale/ixp425/avila_machdep.c

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    1 /*      $NetBSD: hpc_machdep.c,v 1.70 2003/09/16 08:18:22 agc Exp $     */
    2 
    3 /*-
    4  * Copyright (c) 1994-1998 Mark Brinicombe.
    5  * Copyright (c) 1994 Brini.
    6  * All rights reserved.
    7  *
    8  * This code is derived from software written for Brini by Mark Brinicombe
    9  *
   10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   12  * are met:
   13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
   19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
   20  *      This product includes software developed by Brini.
   21  * 4. The name of the company nor the name of the author may be used to
   22  *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
   23  *    prior written permission.
   24  *
   25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BRINI ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
   26  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
   27  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
   28  * IN NO EVENT SHALL BRINI OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
   29  * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
   30  * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
   31  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   32  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   33  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   34  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   35  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   36  *
   37  * RiscBSD kernel project
   38  *
   39  * machdep.c
   40  *
   41  * Machine dependant functions for kernel setup
   42  *
   43  * This file needs a lot of work. 
   44  *
   45  * Created      : 17/09/94
   46  */
   47 
   48 #include "opt_msgbuf.h"
   49 
   50 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
   51 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
   52 
   53 #define _ARM32_BUS_DMA_PRIVATE
   54 #include <sys/param.h>
   55 #include <sys/systm.h>
   56 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
   57 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
   58 #include <sys/imgact.h>
   59 #include <sys/kernel.h>
   60 #include <sys/ktr.h>
   61 #include <sys/linker.h>
   62 #include <sys/lock.h>
   63 #include <sys/malloc.h>
   64 #include <sys/mutex.h>
   65 #include <sys/pcpu.h>
   66 #include <sys/proc.h>
   67 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
   68 #include <sys/cons.h>
   69 #include <sys/bio.h>
   70 #include <sys/bus.h>
   71 #include <sys/buf.h>
   72 #include <sys/exec.h>
   73 #include <sys/kdb.h>
   74 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
   75 #include <machine/reg.h>
   76 #include <machine/cpu.h>
   77 
   78 #include <vm/vm.h>
   79 #include <vm/pmap.h>
   80 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
   81 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
   82 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
   83 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
   84 #include <vm/vnode_pager.h>
   85 #include <machine/pmap.h>
   86 #include <machine/vmparam.h>
   87 #include <machine/pcb.h>
   88 #include <machine/undefined.h>
   89 #include <machine/machdep.h>
   90 #include <machine/metadata.h>
   91 #include <machine/armreg.h>
   92 #include <machine/bus.h>
   93 #include <sys/reboot.h>
   94 
   95 #include <arm/xscale/ixp425/ixp425reg.h>
   96 #include <arm/xscale/ixp425/ixp425var.h>
   97 
   98 #define KERNEL_PT_SYS           0       /* Page table for mapping proc0 zero page */
   99 #define KERNEL_PT_IO            1
  100 #define KERNEL_PT_IO_NUM        3
  101 #define KERNEL_PT_BEFOREKERN    KERNEL_PT_IO + KERNEL_PT_IO_NUM
  102 #define KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL      KERNEL_PT_BEFOREKERN + 1        /* L2 table for mapping after kernel */
  103 #define KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL_NUM  9
  104 
  105 /* this should be evenly divisable by PAGE_SIZE / L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL (or 4) */
  106 #define NUM_KERNEL_PTS          (KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL + KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL_NUM)
  107 
  108 /* Define various stack sizes in pages */
  109 #define IRQ_STACK_SIZE  1
  110 #define ABT_STACK_SIZE  1
  111 #define UND_STACK_SIZE  1
  112 
  113 extern u_int data_abort_handler_address;
  114 extern u_int prefetch_abort_handler_address;
  115 extern u_int undefined_handler_address;
  116 
  117 struct pv_addr kernel_pt_table[NUM_KERNEL_PTS];
  118 
  119 extern void *_end;
  120 
  121 extern int *end;
  122 
  123 struct pcpu __pcpu;
  124 struct pcpu *pcpup = &__pcpu;
  125 
  126 /* Physical and virtual addresses for some global pages */
  127 
  128 vm_paddr_t phys_avail[10];
  129 vm_paddr_t dump_avail[4];
  130 vm_offset_t physical_pages;
  131 
  132 struct pv_addr systempage;
  133 struct pv_addr msgbufpv;
  134 struct pv_addr irqstack;
  135 struct pv_addr undstack;
  136 struct pv_addr abtstack;
  137 struct pv_addr kernelstack;
  138 struct pv_addr minidataclean;
  139 
  140 static struct trapframe proc0_tf;
  141 
  142 /* Static device mappings. */
  143 static const struct pmap_devmap ixp425_devmap[] = {
  144         /* Physical/Virtual address for I/O space */
  145     {
  146         IXP425_IO_VBASE,
  147         IXP425_IO_HWBASE,
  148         IXP425_IO_SIZE,
  149         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  150         PTE_NOCACHE,
  151     },
  152 
  153         /* Expansion Bus */
  154     {
  155         IXP425_EXP_VBASE,
  156         IXP425_EXP_HWBASE,
  157         IXP425_EXP_SIZE,
  158         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  159         PTE_NOCACHE,
  160     },
  161 
  162         /* IXP425 PCI Configuration */
  163     {
  164         IXP425_PCI_VBASE,
  165         IXP425_PCI_HWBASE,
  166         IXP425_PCI_SIZE,
  167         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  168         PTE_NOCACHE,
  169     },
  170 
  171         /* SDRAM Controller */
  172     {
  173         IXP425_MCU_VBASE,
  174         IXP425_MCU_HWBASE,
  175         IXP425_MCU_SIZE,
  176         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  177         PTE_NOCACHE,
  178     },
  179 
  180         /* PCI Memory Space */
  181     {
  182         IXP425_PCI_MEM_VBASE,
  183         IXP425_PCI_MEM_HWBASE,
  184         IXP425_PCI_MEM_SIZE,
  185         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  186         PTE_NOCACHE,
  187     },
  188         /* NPE-A Memory Space */
  189     {
  190         IXP425_NPE_A_VBASE,
  191         IXP425_NPE_A_HWBASE,
  192         IXP425_NPE_A_SIZE,
  193         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  194         PTE_NOCACHE,
  195     },
  196         /* NPE-B Memory Space */
  197     {
  198         IXP425_NPE_B_VBASE,
  199         IXP425_NPE_B_HWBASE,
  200         IXP425_NPE_B_SIZE,
  201         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  202         PTE_NOCACHE,
  203     },
  204         /* NPE-C Memory Space */
  205     {
  206         IXP425_NPE_C_VBASE,
  207         IXP425_NPE_C_HWBASE,
  208         IXP425_NPE_C_SIZE,
  209         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  210         PTE_NOCACHE,
  211     },
  212         /* MAC-A Memory Space */
  213     {
  214         IXP425_MAC_A_VBASE,
  215         IXP425_MAC_A_HWBASE,
  216         IXP425_MAC_A_SIZE,
  217         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  218         PTE_NOCACHE,
  219     },
  220         /* MAC-B Memory Space */
  221     {
  222         IXP425_MAC_B_VBASE,
  223         IXP425_MAC_B_HWBASE,
  224         IXP425_MAC_B_SIZE,
  225         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  226         PTE_NOCACHE,
  227     },
  228         /* Q-Mgr Memory Space */
  229     {
  230         IXP425_QMGR_VBASE,
  231         IXP425_QMGR_HWBASE,
  232         IXP425_QMGR_SIZE,
  233         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE,
  234         PTE_NOCACHE,
  235     },
  236 
  237     {
  238         0,
  239         0,
  240         0,
  241         0,
  242         0,
  243     }
  244 };
  245 
  246 #define SDRAM_START 0x10000000
  247 
  248 extern vm_offset_t xscale_cache_clean_addr;
  249 
  250 void *
  251 initarm(void *arg, void *arg2)
  252 {
  253         struct pv_addr  kernel_l1pt;
  254         int loop, i;
  255         u_int l1pagetable;
  256         vm_offset_t freemempos;
  257         vm_offset_t freemem_pt;
  258         vm_offset_t afterkern;
  259         vm_offset_t freemem_after;
  260         vm_offset_t lastaddr;
  261         uint32_t memsize;
  262 
  263         set_cpufuncs();
  264         lastaddr = fake_preload_metadata();
  265         pcpu_init(pcpup, 0, sizeof(struct pcpu));
  266         PCPU_SET(curthread, &thread0);
  267 
  268         freemempos = 0x10200000;
  269         /* Define a macro to simplify memory allocation */
  270 #define valloc_pages(var, np)                   \
  271         alloc_pages((var).pv_pa, (np));         \
  272         (var).pv_va = (var).pv_pa + 0xb0000000;
  273 
  274 #define alloc_pages(var, np)                    \
  275         freemempos -= (np * PAGE_SIZE);         \
  276         (var) = freemempos;             \
  277         memset((char *)(var), 0, ((np) * PAGE_SIZE));
  278 
  279         while (((freemempos - L1_TABLE_SIZE) & (L1_TABLE_SIZE - 1)) != 0)
  280                 freemempos -= PAGE_SIZE;
  281         valloc_pages(kernel_l1pt, L1_TABLE_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
  282         for (loop = 0; loop < NUM_KERNEL_PTS; ++loop) {
  283                 if (!(loop % (PAGE_SIZE / L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL))) {
  284                         valloc_pages(kernel_pt_table[loop],
  285                             L2_TABLE_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
  286                 } else {
  287                         kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_pa = freemempos +
  288                             (loop % (PAGE_SIZE / L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL)) *
  289                             L2_TABLE_SIZE_REAL;
  290                         kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_va = 
  291                             kernel_pt_table[loop].pv_pa + 0xb0000000;
  292                 }
  293         }
  294         freemem_pt = freemempos;
  295         freemempos = 0x10100000;
  296         /*
  297          * Allocate a page for the system page mapped to V0x00000000
  298          * This page will just contain the system vectors and can be
  299          * shared by all processes.
  300          */
  301         valloc_pages(systempage, 1);
  302 
  303         /* Allocate stacks for all modes */
  304         valloc_pages(irqstack, IRQ_STACK_SIZE);
  305         valloc_pages(abtstack, ABT_STACK_SIZE);
  306         valloc_pages(undstack, UND_STACK_SIZE);
  307         valloc_pages(kernelstack, KSTACK_PAGES);
  308         alloc_pages(minidataclean.pv_pa, 1);
  309         valloc_pages(msgbufpv, round_page(MSGBUF_SIZE) / PAGE_SIZE);
  310 #ifdef ARM_USE_SMALL_ALLOC
  311         freemempos -= PAGE_SIZE;
  312         freemem_pt = trunc_page(freemem_pt);
  313         freemem_after = freemempos - ((freemem_pt - 0x10100000) /
  314             PAGE_SIZE) * sizeof(struct arm_small_page);
  315         arm_add_smallalloc_pages((void *)(freemem_after + 0xb0000000)
  316             , (void *)0xc0100000, freemem_pt - 0x10100000, 1);
  317         freemem_after -= ((freemem_after - 0x10001000) / PAGE_SIZE) *
  318             sizeof(struct arm_small_page);
  319         arm_add_smallalloc_pages((void *)(freemem_after + 0xb0000000)
  320         , (void *)0xc0001000, trunc_page(freemem_after) - 0x10001000, 0);
  321         freemempos = trunc_page(freemem_after);
  322         freemempos -= PAGE_SIZE;
  323 #endif
  324         /*
  325          * Allocate memory for the l1 and l2 page tables. The scheme to avoid
  326          * wasting memory by allocating the l1pt on the first 16k memory was
  327          * taken from NetBSD rpc_machdep.c. NKPT should be greater than 12 for
  328          * this to work (which is supposed to be the case).
  329          */
  330 
  331         /*
  332          * Now we start construction of the L1 page table
  333          * We start by mapping the L2 page tables into the L1.
  334          * This means that we can replace L1 mappings later on if necessary
  335          */
  336         l1pagetable = kernel_l1pt.pv_va;
  337 
  338         /* Map the L2 pages tables in the L1 page table */
  339         pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, ARM_VECTORS_HIGH & ~(0x00100000 - 1),
  340             &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_SYS]);
  341         pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, IXP425_IO_VBASE,
  342                         &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_IO]);
  343         pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, IXP425_MCU_VBASE,
  344                         &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_IO + 1]);
  345         pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, IXP425_PCI_MEM_VBASE,
  346                         &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_IO + 2]);
  347         pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, KERNBASE,
  348             &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_BEFOREKERN]);
  349         pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, KERNBASE, SDRAM_START, 0x100000,
  350             VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
  351         pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, KERNBASE + 0x100000, SDRAM_START + 0x100000,
  352             0x100000, VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_PAGETABLE);
  353         pmap_map_chunk(l1pagetable, KERNBASE + 0x200000, SDRAM_START + 0x200000,
  354            (((uint32_t)(lastaddr) - KERNBASE - 0x200000) + L1_S_SIZE) & ~(L1_S_SIZE - 1),
  355             VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
  356         freemem_after = ((int)lastaddr + PAGE_SIZE) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1);
  357         afterkern = round_page(((vm_offset_t)lastaddr + L1_S_SIZE) & ~(L1_S_SIZE 
  358             - 1));
  359         for (i = 0; i < KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL_NUM; i++) {
  360                 pmap_link_l2pt(l1pagetable, afterkern + i * 0x00100000,
  361                     &kernel_pt_table[KERNEL_PT_AFKERNEL + i]);
  362         }
  363         pmap_map_entry(l1pagetable, afterkern, minidataclean.pv_pa, 
  364             VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
  365         
  366 
  367 #ifdef ARM_USE_SMALL_ALLOC
  368         if ((freemem_after + 2 * PAGE_SIZE) <= afterkern) {
  369                 arm_add_smallalloc_pages((void *)(freemem_after),
  370                     (void*)(freemem_after + PAGE_SIZE),
  371                     afterkern - (freemem_after + PAGE_SIZE), 0);
  372                     
  373         }
  374 #endif
  375 
  376         /* Map the Mini-Data cache clean area. */
  377         xscale_setup_minidata(l1pagetable, afterkern,
  378             minidataclean.pv_pa);
  379 
  380         /* Map the vector page. */
  381         pmap_map_entry(l1pagetable, ARM_VECTORS_HIGH, systempage.pv_pa,
  382             VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE, PTE_CACHE);
  383         pmap_devmap_bootstrap(l1pagetable, ixp425_devmap);
  384         /*
  385          * Give the XScale global cache clean code an appropriately
  386          * sized chunk of unmapped VA space starting at 0xff000000
  387          * (our device mappings end before this address).
  388          */
  389         xscale_cache_clean_addr = 0xff000000U;
  390 
  391         cpu_domains((DOMAIN_CLIENT << (PMAP_DOMAIN_KERNEL*2)) | DOMAIN_CLIENT);
  392         setttb(kernel_l1pt.pv_pa);
  393         cpu_tlb_flushID();
  394         cpu_domains(DOMAIN_CLIENT << (PMAP_DOMAIN_KERNEL*2));
  395         /*
  396          * Pages were allocated during the secondary bootstrap for the
  397          * stacks for different CPU modes.
  398          * We must now set the r13 registers in the different CPU modes to
  399          * point to these stacks.
  400          * Since the ARM stacks use STMFD etc. we must set r13 to the top end
  401          * of the stack memory.
  402          */
  403 
  404                                    
  405         set_stackptr(PSR_IRQ32_MODE,
  406             irqstack.pv_va + IRQ_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
  407         set_stackptr(PSR_ABT32_MODE,
  408             abtstack.pv_va + ABT_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
  409         set_stackptr(PSR_UND32_MODE,
  410             undstack.pv_va + UND_STACK_SIZE * PAGE_SIZE);
  411 
  412 
  413 
  414         /*
  415          * We must now clean the cache again....
  416          * Cleaning may be done by reading new data to displace any
  417          * dirty data in the cache. This will have happened in setttb()
  418          * but since we are boot strapping the addresses used for the read
  419          * may have just been remapped and thus the cache could be out
  420          * of sync. A re-clean after the switch will cure this.
  421          * After booting there are no gross reloations of the kernel thus
  422          * this problem will not occur after initarm().
  423          */
  424         cpu_idcache_wbinv_all();
  425         /*
  426          * Fetch the SDRAM start/size from the ixp425 SDRAM configration
  427          * registers.
  428          */
  429         cninit();
  430         memsize = ixp425_sdram_size();
  431         physmem = memsize / PAGE_SIZE;
  432 
  433         /* Set stack for exception handlers */
  434         
  435         data_abort_handler_address = (u_int)data_abort_handler;
  436         prefetch_abort_handler_address = (u_int)prefetch_abort_handler;
  437         undefined_handler_address = (u_int)undefinedinstruction_bounce;
  438         undefined_init();
  439                                 
  440         proc_linkup0(&proc0, &thread0);
  441         thread0.td_kstack = kernelstack.pv_va;
  442         thread0.td_pcb = (struct pcb *)
  443                 (thread0.td_kstack + KSTACK_PAGES * PAGE_SIZE) - 1;
  444         thread0.td_pcb->pcb_flags = 0;
  445         thread0.td_frame = &proc0_tf;
  446         pcpup->pc_curpcb = thread0.td_pcb;
  447         
  448         /* Enable MMU, I-cache, D-cache, write buffer. */
  449 
  450         arm_vector_init(ARM_VECTORS_HIGH, ARM_VEC_ALL);
  451 
  452 
  453 
  454         pmap_curmaxkvaddr = afterkern + PAGE_SIZE;
  455         dump_avail[0] = 0x10000000;
  456         dump_avail[1] = 0x10000000 + memsize;
  457         dump_avail[2] = 0;
  458         dump_avail[3] = 0;
  459                                         
  460         pmap_bootstrap(pmap_curmaxkvaddr, 
  461             0xd0000000, &kernel_l1pt);
  462         msgbufp = (void*)msgbufpv.pv_va;
  463         msgbufinit(msgbufp, MSGBUF_SIZE);
  464         mutex_init();
  465         
  466         i = 0;
  467 #ifdef ARM_USE_SMALL_ALLOC
  468         phys_avail[i++] = 0x10000000;
  469         phys_avail[i++] = 0x10001000;   /*
  470                                          *XXX: Gross hack to get our
  471                                          * pages in the vm_page_array
  472                                          . */
  473 #endif
  474         phys_avail[i++] = round_page(virtual_avail - KERNBASE + SDRAM_START);
  475         phys_avail[i++] = trunc_page(0x10000000 + memsize - 1);
  476         phys_avail[i++] = 0;
  477         phys_avail[i] = 0;
  478         
  479         /* Do basic tuning, hz etc */
  480         init_param1();
  481         init_param2(physmem);
  482         kdb_init();
  483         return ((void *)(kernelstack.pv_va + USPACE_SVC_STACK_TOP -
  484             sizeof(struct pcb)));
  485 }

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