1 ################################################################################
2 # Thelp DDisplay command help
3
4 help [topic [subtopic]]
5 help index
6
7 The help command displays help on commands and their usage.
8
9 In command help, a term enclosed with <...> indicates a value as
10 described by the term. A term enclosed with [...] is optional,
11 and may not be required by all forms of the command.
12
13 Some commands may not be available. Use the '?' command to list
14 most available commands.
15
16 ################################################################################
17 # T? DList available commands
18
19 ?
20
21 Lists all available commands.
22
23 ################################################################################
24 # Tautoboot DBoot after a delay
25
26 autoboot [<delay> [<prompt>]]
27
28 Displays <prompt> or a default prompt, and counts down <delay> seconds
29 before attempting to boot. If <delay> is not specified, the default
30 value is 10.
31
32 ################################################################################
33 # Tboot DBoot immediately
34
35 boot [<kernelname>] [-<arg> ...]
36
37 Boot the system. If arguments are specified, they are added to the
38 arguments for the kernel. If <kernelname> is specified, and a kernel
39 has not already been loaded, it will be booted instead of the default
40 kernel.
41
42 ################################################################################
43 # Tbcachestat DGet disk block cache stats
44
45 bcachestat
46
47 Displays statistics about disk cache usage. For debugging only.
48
49 ################################################################################
50 # Techo DEcho arguments
51
52 echo [-n] [<message>]
53
54 Emits <message>, with no trailing newline if -n is specified. This is
55 most useful in conjunction with scripts and the '@' line prefix.
56
57 Variables are substituted by prefixing them with $, eg.
58
59 echo Current device is $currdev
60
61 will print the current device.
62
63 ################################################################################
64 # Tload DLoad a kernel or module
65
66 load [-t <type>] <filename>
67
68 Loads the module contained in <filename> into memory. If no other
69 modules are loaded, <filename> must be a kernel or the command will
70 fail.
71
72 If -t is specified, the module is loaded as raw data of <type>, for
73 later use by the kernel or other modules. <type> may be any string.
74
75 ################################################################################
76 # Tls DList files
77
78 ls [-l] [<path>]
79
80 Displays a listing of files in the directory <path>, or the root
81 directory of the current device if <path> is not specified.
82
83 The -l argument displays file sizes as well; the process of obtaining
84 file sizes on some media may be very slow.
85
86 ################################################################################
87 # Tlsdev DList devices
88
89 lsdev [-v]
90
91 List all of the devices from which it may be possible to load modules.
92 If -v is specified, print more details.
93
94 ################################################################################
95 # Tlsmod DList modules
96
97 lsmod [-v]
98
99 List loaded modules. If [-v] is specified, print more details.
100
101 ################################################################################
102 # Tmore DPage files
103
104 more <filename> [<filename> ...]
105
106 Show contents of text files. When displaying the contents of more,
107 than one file, if the user elects to quit displaying a file, the
108 remaining files will not be shown.
109
110 ################################################################################
111 # Tpnpscan DScan for PnP devices
112
113 pnpscan [-v]
114
115 Scan for Plug-and-Play devices. This command is normally automatically
116 run as part of the boot process, in order to dynamically load modules
117 required for system operation.
118
119 If the -v argument is specified, details on the devices found will
120 be printed.
121
122 ################################################################################
123 # Tset DSet a variable
124
125 set <variable name>
126 set <variable name>=<value>
127
128 The set command is used to set variables.
129
130 ################################################################################
131 # Tset Sautoboot_delay DSet the default autoboot delay
132
133 set autoboot_delay=<value>
134
135 Sets the default delay for the autoboot command to <value> seconds.
136 Set value to -1 if you don't want to allow user to interrupt autoboot
137 process and escape to the loader prompt.
138
139 ################################################################################
140 # Tset Sbootfile DSet the default boot file set
141
142 set bootfile=<filename>[;<filename>...]
143
144 Sets the default set of kernel boot filename(s). It may be overridden
145 by setting the bootfile variable to a semicolon-separated list of
146 filenames, each of which will be searched for in the module_path
147 directories. The default bootfile set is "kernel".
148
149 ################################################################################
150 # Tset Sboot_askname DPrompt for root device
151
152 set boot_askname
153
154 Instructs the kernel to prompt the user for the name of the root device
155 when the kernel is booted.
156
157 ################################################################################
158 # Tset Sboot_cdrom DMount root file system from CD-ROM
159
160 set boot_cdrom
161
162 Instructs the kernel to try to mount the root file system from CD-ROM.
163
164 ################################################################################
165 # Tset Sboot_ddb DDrop to the kernel debugger (DDB)
166
167 set boot_ddb
168
169 Instructs the kernel to start in the DDB debugger, rather than
170 proceeding to initialize when booted.
171
172 ################################################################################
173 # Tset Sboot_dfltroot DUse default root file system
174
175 set boot_dfltroot
176
177 Instructs the kernel to mount the statically compiled-in root
178 file system.
179
180 ################################################################################
181 # Tset Sboot_gdb DSelect gdb-remote mode for the kernel debugger
182
183 set boot_gdb
184
185 Selects gdb-remote mode for the kernel debugger by default.
186
187 ################################################################################
188 # Tset Sboot_multicons DUse multiple consoles
189
190 set boot_multicons
191
192 Enables multiple console support in the kernel early on boot.
193 In a running system, console configuration can be manipulated
194 by the conscontrol(8) utility.
195
196 ################################################################################
197 # Tset Sboot_mute DMute the console
198
199 set boot_mute
200
201 All console output is suppressed when console is muted.
202 In a running system, the state of console muting can be
203 manipulated by the conscontrol(8) utility.
204
205 ################################################################################
206 # Tset Sboot_pause DPause after each line during device probing
207
208 set boot_pause
209
210 During the device probe, pause after each line is printed.
211
212 ################################################################################
213 # Tset Sboot_serial DUse serial console
214
215 set boot_serial
216
217 Force the use of a serial console even when an internal console
218 is present.
219
220 ################################################################################
221 # Tset Sboot_single DStart system in single-user mode
222
223 set boot_single
224
225 Prevents the kernel from initiating a multi-user startup; instead,
226 a single-user mode will be entered when the kernel has finished
227 device probes.
228
229 ################################################################################
230 # Tset Sboot_verbose DVerbose boot messages
231
232 set boot_verbose
233
234 Setting this variable causes extra debugging information to be printed
235 by the kernel during the boot phase.
236
237 ################################################################################
238 # Tset Sconsole DSet the current console
239
240 set console[=<value>]
241
242 Sets the current console. If <value> is omitted, a list of valid
243 consoles will be displayed.
244
245 ################################################################################
246 # Tset Scurrdev DSet the current device
247
248 set currdev=<device>
249
250 Selects the default device. See lsdev for available devices.
251
252 ################################################################################
253 # Tset Sinit_path DSet the list of init candidates
254
255 set init_path=<path>[:<path>...]
256
257 Sets the list of binaries which the kernel will try to run as initial
258 process.
259
260
261 ################################################################################
262 # Tset Smodule_path DSet the module search path
263
264 set module_path=<path>[;<path>...]
265
266 Sets the list of directories which will be searched in for modules
267 named in a load command or implicitly required by a dependency. The
268 default module_path is "/boot/modules" with the kernel directory
269 prepended.
270
271 ################################################################################
272 # Tset Sprompt DSet the command prompt
273
274 set prompt=<value>
275
276 The command prompt is displayed when the loader is waiting for input.
277 Variable substitution is performed on the prompt. The default
278 prompt can be set with:
279
280 set prompt=\${interpret}
281
282 ################################################################################
283 # Tset Srootdev DSet the root filesystem
284
285 set rootdev=<path>
286
287 By default the value of $currdev is used to set the root filesystem
288 when the kernel is booted. This can be overridden by setting
289 $rootdev explicitly.
290
291 ################################################################################
292 # Tset Stunables DSet kernel tunable values
293
294 Various kernel tunable parameters can be overridden by specifying new
295 values in the environment.
296
297 set kern.ipc.nmbclusters=<value>
298
299 Set the number of mbuf clusters to be allocated. The value
300 cannot be set below the default determined when the kernel
301 was compiled.
302
303 set kern.ipc.nsfbufs=<value> NSFBUFS
304
305 Set the number of sendfile buffers to be allocated. This
306 overrides the value determined when the kernel was compiled.
307
308 set vm.kmem_size=<value> VM_KMEM_SIZE
309
310 Sets the size of kernel memory (bytes). This overrides
311 the value determined when the kernel was compiled.
312
313 set machdep.disable_mtrrs=1
314
315 Disable the use of i686 MTRRs (i386 only)
316
317 set net.inet.tcp.tcbhashsize=<value> TCBHASHSIZE
318
319 Overrides the compile-time set value of TCBHASHSIZE or
320 the preset default of 512. Must be a power of 2.
321
322 hw.syscons.sc_no_suspend_vtswitch=<value>
323
324 Disable VT switching on suspend.
325
326 value is 0 (default) or non-zero to enable.
327
328 set hw.physmem=<value> MAXMEM (i386 only)
329
330 Limits the amount of physical memory space available to
331 the system to <value> bytes. <value> may have a k, M or G
332 suffix to indicate kilobytes, megabytes and gigabytes
333 respectively. Note that the current i386 architecture
334 limits this value to 4GB.
335
336 On systems where memory cannot be accurately probed,
337 this option provides a hint as to the actual size of
338 system memory (which will be tested before use).
339
340 set hw.{acpi,pci}.host_start_mem=<value>
341
342 Sets the lowest address that the pci code will assign
343 when it doesn't have other information about the address
344 to assign (like from a pci bridge). This is only useful
345 in older systems without a pci bridge. Also, it only
346 impacts devices that the BIOS doesn't assign to, typically
347 CardBus bridges. The default <value> is 0x80000000, but
348 some systems need values like 0xf0000000, 0xfc000000 or
349 0xfe000000 may be suitable for older systems (the older
350 the system, the higher the number typically should be).
351
352 set hw.pci.enable_io_modes=<value>
353
354 Enable PCI resources which are left off by some BIOSes
355 or are not enabled correctly by the device driver.
356
357 value is 1 (default), but this may cause problems with
358 some peripherals. Set to 0 to disable.
359
360 ################################################################################
361 # Tshow DShow the values of variables
362
363 show [<variable>]
364
365 Displays the value of <variable>, or all variables if not specified.
366 Multiple paths can be separated with a semicolon.
367
368 ################################################################################
369 # Tinclude DRead commands from a script file
370
371 include <filename> [<filename> ...]
372
373 The entire contents of <filename> are read into memory before executing
374 commands, so it is safe to source a file from removable media.
375
376 ################################################################################
377 # Tread DRead input from the terminal
378
379 read [-t <value>] [-p <prompt>] [<variable name>]
380
381 The read command reads a line of input from the terminal. If the
382 -t argument is specified, it will return nothing if no input has been
383 received after <value> seconds. (Any keypress will cancel the
384 timeout).
385
386 If -p is specified, <prompt> is printed before reading input. No
387 newline is emitted after the prompt.
388
389 If a variable name is supplied, the variable is set to the value read,
390 less any terminating newline.
391
392 ################################################################################
393 # Tunload DRemove all modules from memory
394
395 unload
396
397 This command removes any kernel and all loaded modules from memory.
398
399 ################################################################################
400 # Tunset DUnset a variable
401
402 unset <variable name>
403
404 If allowed, the named variable's value is discarded and the variable
405 is removed.
406
407 ################################################################################
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