FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/dev/acpica/acpi.c

     /*-
      * Copyright (c) 2000 Takanori Watanabe <takawata@jp.freebsd.org>
      * Copyright (c) 2000 Mitsuru IWASAKI <iwasaki@jp.freebsd.org>
      * Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Michael Smith
      * Copyright (c) 2000 BSDi
      * All rights reserved.
      *
      * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     * are met:
     * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     *
     * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     * SUCH DAMAGE.
     */
    
    #include <sys/cdefs.h>
    __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: releng/6.2/sys/dev/acpica/acpi.c 163010 2006-10-04 19:08:23Z jhb $");
    
    #include "opt_acpi.h"
    #include <sys/param.h>
    #include <sys/kernel.h>
    #include <sys/proc.h>
    #include <sys/fcntl.h>
    #include <sys/malloc.h>
    #include <sys/module.h>
    #include <sys/bus.h>
    #include <sys/conf.h>
    #include <sys/ioccom.h>
    #include <sys/reboot.h>
    #include <sys/sysctl.h>
    #include <sys/ctype.h>
    #include <sys/linker.h>
    #include <sys/power.h>
    #include <sys/sbuf.h>
    #include <sys/smp.h>
    
    #include <machine/resource.h>
    #include <machine/bus.h>
    #include <sys/rman.h>
    #include <isa/isavar.h>
    #include <isa/pnpvar.h>
    
    #include <contrib/dev/acpica/acpi.h>
    #include <dev/acpica/acpivar.h>
    #include <dev/acpica/acpiio.h>
    #include <contrib/dev/acpica/achware.h>
    #include <contrib/dev/acpica/acnamesp.h>
    
    #include "pci_if.h"
    #include <dev/pci/pcivar.h>
    #include <dev/pci/pci_private.h>
    
    MALLOC_DEFINE(M_ACPIDEV, "acpidev", "ACPI devices");
    
    /* Hooks for the ACPI CA debugging infrastructure */
    #define _COMPONENT      ACPI_BUS
    ACPI_MODULE_NAME("ACPI")
    
    static d_open_t         acpiopen;
    static d_close_t        acpiclose;
    static d_ioctl_t        acpiioctl;
    
    static struct cdevsw acpi_cdevsw = {
            .d_version =    D_VERSION,
            .d_open =       acpiopen,
            .d_close =      acpiclose,
            .d_ioctl =      acpiioctl,
            .d_name =       "acpi",
    };
    
    /* Global mutex for locking access to the ACPI subsystem. */
    struct mtx      acpi_mutex;
    
    /* Bitmap of device quirks. */
    int             acpi_quirks;
    
    static int      acpi_modevent(struct module *mod, int event, void *junk);
    static void     acpi_identify(driver_t *driver, device_t parent);
    static int      acpi_probe(device_t dev);
    static int      acpi_attach(device_t dev);
    static int      acpi_suspend(device_t dev);
    static int      acpi_resume(device_t dev);
    static int      acpi_shutdown(device_t dev);
    static device_t acpi_add_child(device_t bus, int order, const char *name,
                            int unit);
   static int      acpi_print_child(device_t bus, device_t child);
   static void     acpi_probe_nomatch(device_t bus, device_t child);
   static void     acpi_driver_added(device_t dev, driver_t *driver);
   static int      acpi_read_ivar(device_t dev, device_t child, int index,
                           uintptr_t *result);
   static int      acpi_write_ivar(device_t dev, device_t child, int index,
                           uintptr_t value);
   static struct resource_list *acpi_get_rlist(device_t dev, device_t child);
   static int      acpi_sysres_alloc(device_t dev);
   static struct resource_list_entry *acpi_sysres_find(device_t dev, int type,
                       u_long addr);
   static struct resource *acpi_alloc_resource(device_t bus, device_t child,
                           int type, int *rid, u_long start, u_long end,
                           u_long count, u_int flags);
   static int      acpi_release_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type,
                           int rid, struct resource *r);
   static void     acpi_delete_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type,
                       int rid);
   static uint32_t acpi_isa_get_logicalid(device_t dev);
   static int      acpi_isa_get_compatid(device_t dev, uint32_t *cids, int count);
   static char     *acpi_device_id_probe(device_t bus, device_t dev, char **ids);
   static ACPI_STATUS acpi_device_eval_obj(device_t bus, device_t dev,
                       ACPI_STRING pathname, ACPI_OBJECT_LIST *parameters,
                       ACPI_BUFFER *ret);
   static int      acpi_device_pwr_for_sleep(device_t bus, device_t dev,
                       int *dstate);
   static ACPI_STATUS acpi_device_scan_cb(ACPI_HANDLE h, UINT32 level,
                       void *context, void **retval);
   static ACPI_STATUS acpi_device_scan_children(device_t bus, device_t dev,
                       int max_depth, acpi_scan_cb_t user_fn, void *arg);
   static int      acpi_set_powerstate_method(device_t bus, device_t child,
                       int state);
   static int      acpi_isa_pnp_probe(device_t bus, device_t child,
                       struct isa_pnp_id *ids);
   static void     acpi_probe_children(device_t bus);
   static int      acpi_probe_order(ACPI_HANDLE handle, int *order);
   static ACPI_STATUS acpi_probe_child(ACPI_HANDLE handle, UINT32 level,
                       void *context, void **status);
   static BOOLEAN  acpi_MatchHid(ACPI_HANDLE h, const char *hid);
   static void     acpi_shutdown_final(void *arg, int howto);
   static void     acpi_enable_fixed_events(struct acpi_softc *sc);
   static int      acpi_wake_sleep_prep(ACPI_HANDLE handle, int sstate);
   static int      acpi_wake_run_prep(ACPI_HANDLE handle, int sstate);
   static int      acpi_wake_prep_walk(int sstate);
   static int      acpi_wake_sysctl_walk(device_t dev);
   static int      acpi_wake_set_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
   static void     acpi_system_eventhandler_sleep(void *arg, int state);
   static void     acpi_system_eventhandler_wakeup(void *arg, int state);
   static int      acpi_supported_sleep_state_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
   static int      acpi_sleep_state_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS);
   static int      acpi_pm_func(u_long cmd, void *arg, ...);
   static int      acpi_child_location_str_method(device_t acdev, device_t child,
                                                  char *buf, size_t buflen);
   static int      acpi_child_pnpinfo_str_method(device_t acdev, device_t child,
                                                 char *buf, size_t buflen);
   
   static device_method_t acpi_methods[] = {
       /* Device interface */
       DEVMETHOD(device_identify,          acpi_identify),
       DEVMETHOD(device_probe,             acpi_probe),
       DEVMETHOD(device_attach,            acpi_attach),
       DEVMETHOD(device_shutdown,          acpi_shutdown),
       DEVMETHOD(device_detach,            bus_generic_detach),
       DEVMETHOD(device_suspend,           acpi_suspend),
       DEVMETHOD(device_resume,            acpi_resume),
   
       /* Bus interface */
       DEVMETHOD(bus_add_child,            acpi_add_child),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_print_child,          acpi_print_child),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_probe_nomatch,        acpi_probe_nomatch),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_driver_added,         acpi_driver_added),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_read_ivar,            acpi_read_ivar),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_write_ivar,           acpi_write_ivar),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_get_resource_list,    acpi_get_rlist),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_set_resource,         bus_generic_rl_set_resource),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_get_resource,         bus_generic_rl_get_resource),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_alloc_resource,       acpi_alloc_resource),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_release_resource,     acpi_release_resource),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_delete_resource,      acpi_delete_resource),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_child_pnpinfo_str,    acpi_child_pnpinfo_str_method),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_child_location_str,   acpi_child_location_str_method),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_activate_resource,    bus_generic_activate_resource),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_deactivate_resource,  bus_generic_deactivate_resource),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_setup_intr,           bus_generic_setup_intr),
       DEVMETHOD(bus_teardown_intr,        bus_generic_teardown_intr),
   
       /* ACPI bus */
       DEVMETHOD(acpi_id_probe,            acpi_device_id_probe),
       DEVMETHOD(acpi_evaluate_object,     acpi_device_eval_obj),
       DEVMETHOD(acpi_pwr_for_sleep,       acpi_device_pwr_for_sleep),
       DEVMETHOD(acpi_scan_children,       acpi_device_scan_children),
   
       /* PCI emulation */
       DEVMETHOD(pci_set_powerstate,       acpi_set_powerstate_method),
   
       /* ISA emulation */
       DEVMETHOD(isa_pnp_probe,            acpi_isa_pnp_probe),
   
       {0, 0}
   };
   
   static driver_t acpi_driver = {
       "acpi",
       acpi_methods,
       sizeof(struct acpi_softc),
   };
   
   static devclass_t acpi_devclass;
   DRIVER_MODULE(acpi, nexus, acpi_driver, acpi_devclass, acpi_modevent, 0);
   MODULE_VERSION(acpi, 1);
   
   ACPI_SERIAL_DECL(acpi, "ACPI root bus");
   
   /* Local pools for managing system resources for ACPI child devices. */
   static struct rman acpi_rman_io, acpi_rman_mem;
   
   #define ACPI_MINIMUM_AWAKETIME  5
   
   static const char* sleep_state_names[] = {
       "S0", "S1", "S2", "S3", "S4", "S5", "NONE"};
   
   SYSCTL_NODE(_debug, OID_AUTO, acpi, CTLFLAG_RD, NULL, "ACPI debugging");
   static char acpi_ca_version[12];
   SYSCTL_STRING(_debug_acpi, OID_AUTO, acpi_ca_version, CTLFLAG_RD,
                 acpi_ca_version, 0, "Version of Intel ACPI-CA");
   
   /*
    * Allow override of whether methods execute in parallel or not.
    * Enable this for serial behavior, which fixes "AE_ALREADY_EXISTS"
    * errors for AML that really can't handle parallel method execution.
    * It is off by default since this breaks recursive methods and
    * some IBMs use such code.
    */
   static int acpi_serialize_methods;
   TUNABLE_INT("hw.acpi.serialize_methods", &acpi_serialize_methods);
   
   /* Power devices off and on in suspend and resume.  XXX Remove once tested. */
   static int acpi_do_powerstate = 1;
   TUNABLE_INT("debug.acpi.do_powerstate", &acpi_do_powerstate);
   SYSCTL_INT(_debug_acpi, OID_AUTO, do_powerstate, CTLFLAG_RW,
       &acpi_do_powerstate, 1, "Turn off devices when suspending.");
   
   /* Allow users to override quirks. */
   TUNABLE_INT("debug.acpi.quirks", &acpi_quirks);
   
   /*
    * ACPI can only be loaded as a module by the loader; activating it after
    * system bootstrap time is not useful, and can be fatal to the system.
    * It also cannot be unloaded, since the entire system bus heirarchy hangs
    * off it.
    */
   static int
   acpi_modevent(struct module *mod, int event, void *junk)
   {
       switch (event) {
       case MOD_LOAD:
           if (!cold) {
               printf("The ACPI driver cannot be loaded after boot.\n");
               return (EPERM);
           }
           break;
       case MOD_UNLOAD:
           if (!cold && power_pm_get_type() == POWER_PM_TYPE_ACPI)
               return (EBUSY);
           break;
       default:
           break;
       }
       return (0);
   }
   
   /*
    * Perform early initialization.
    */
   ACPI_STATUS
   acpi_Startup(void)
   {
       static int started = 0;
       int error, val;
   
       ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
   
       /* Only run the startup code once.  The MADT driver also calls this. */
       if (started)
           return_VALUE (0);
       started = 1;
   
       /* Initialise the ACPI mutex */
       mtx_init(&acpi_mutex, "ACPI global lock", NULL, MTX_DEF);
   
       /*
        * Set the globals from our tunables.  This is needed because ACPI-CA
        * uses UINT8 for some values and we have no tunable_byte.
        */
       AcpiGbl_AllMethodsSerialized = acpi_serialize_methods;
       AcpiGbl_EnableInterpreterSlack = TRUE;
   
       /* Start up the ACPI CA subsystem. */
       if (ACPI_FAILURE(error = AcpiInitializeSubsystem())) {
           printf("ACPI: initialisation failed: %s\n", AcpiFormatException(error));
           return_VALUE (error);
       }
   
       if (ACPI_FAILURE(error = AcpiLoadTables())) {
           printf("ACPI: table load failed: %s\n", AcpiFormatException(error));
           AcpiTerminate();
           return_VALUE (error);
       }
   
       /* Set up any quirks we have for this system. */
       if (acpi_quirks == 0)
           acpi_table_quirks(&acpi_quirks);
   
       /* If the user manually set the disabled hint to 0, force-enable ACPI. */
       if (resource_int_value("acpi", 0, "disabled", &val) == 0 && val == 0)
           acpi_quirks &= ~ACPI_Q_BROKEN;
       if (acpi_quirks & ACPI_Q_BROKEN) {
           printf("ACPI disabled by blacklist.  Contact your BIOS vendor.\n");
           AcpiTerminate();
           return_VALUE (AE_ERROR);
       }
   
       return_VALUE (AE_OK);
   }
   
   /*
    * Detect ACPI, perform early initialisation
    */
   static void
   acpi_identify(driver_t *driver, device_t parent)
   {
       device_t    child;
   
       ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
   
       if (!cold)
           return_VOID;
   
       /* Check that we haven't been disabled with a hint. */
       if (resource_disabled("acpi", 0))
           return_VOID;
   
       /* Make sure we're not being doubly invoked. */
       if (device_find_child(parent, "acpi", 0) != NULL)
           return_VOID;
   
       /* Initialize ACPI-CA. */
       if (ACPI_FAILURE(acpi_Startup()))
           return_VOID;
   
       snprintf(acpi_ca_version, sizeof(acpi_ca_version), "%#x", ACPI_CA_VERSION);
   
       /* Attach the actual ACPI device. */
       if ((child = BUS_ADD_CHILD(parent, 0, "acpi", 0)) == NULL) {
           device_printf(parent, "device_identify failed\n");
           return_VOID;
       }
   }
   
   /*
    * Fetch some descriptive data from ACPI to put in our attach message.
    */
   static int
   acpi_probe(device_t dev)
   {
       ACPI_TABLE_HEADER   th;
       char                buf[20];
       int                 error;
       struct sbuf         sb;
       ACPI_STATUS         status;
   
       ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
   
       if (power_pm_get_type() != POWER_PM_TYPE_NONE &&
           power_pm_get_type() != POWER_PM_TYPE_ACPI) {
           device_printf(dev, "probe failed, other PM system enabled.\n");
           return_VALUE (ENXIO);
       }
   
       if (ACPI_FAILURE(status = AcpiGetTableHeader(ACPI_TABLE_XSDT, 1, &th))) {
           device_printf(dev, "couldn't get XSDT header: %s\n",
                         AcpiFormatException(status));
           error = ENXIO;
       } else {
           sbuf_new(&sb, buf, sizeof(buf), SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
           sbuf_bcat(&sb, th.OemId, 6);
           sbuf_trim(&sb);
           sbuf_putc(&sb, ' ');
           sbuf_bcat(&sb, th.OemTableId, 8);
           sbuf_trim(&sb);
           sbuf_finish(&sb);
           device_set_desc_copy(dev, sbuf_data(&sb));
           sbuf_delete(&sb);
           error = 0;
       }
   
       return_VALUE (error);
   }
   
   static int
   acpi_attach(device_t dev)
   {
       struct acpi_softc   *sc;
       ACPI_STATUS         status;
       int                 error, state;
       UINT32              flags;
       UINT8               TypeA, TypeB;
       char                *env;
   
       ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
   
       sc = device_get_softc(dev);
       sc->acpi_dev = dev;
   
       /* Initialize resource manager. */
       acpi_rman_io.rm_type = RMAN_ARRAY;
       acpi_rman_io.rm_start = 0;
       acpi_rman_io.rm_end = 0xffff;
       acpi_rman_io.rm_descr = "ACPI I/O ports";
       if (rman_init(&acpi_rman_io) != 0)
           panic("acpi rman_init IO ports failed");
       acpi_rman_mem.rm_type = RMAN_ARRAY;
       acpi_rman_mem.rm_start = 0;
       acpi_rman_mem.rm_end = ~0ul;
       acpi_rman_mem.rm_descr = "ACPI I/O memory addresses";
       if (rman_init(&acpi_rman_mem) != 0)
           panic("acpi rman_init memory failed");
   
       /* Install the default address space handlers. */
       error = ENXIO;
       status = AcpiInstallAddressSpaceHandler(ACPI_ROOT_OBJECT,
                   ACPI_ADR_SPACE_SYSTEM_MEMORY, ACPI_DEFAULT_HANDLER, NULL, NULL);
       if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
           device_printf(dev, "Could not initialise SystemMemory handler: %s\n",
                         AcpiFormatException(status));
           goto out;
       }
       status = AcpiInstallAddressSpaceHandler(ACPI_ROOT_OBJECT,
                   ACPI_ADR_SPACE_SYSTEM_IO, ACPI_DEFAULT_HANDLER, NULL, NULL);
       if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
           device_printf(dev, "Could not initialise SystemIO handler: %s\n",
                         AcpiFormatException(status));
           goto out;
       }
       status = AcpiInstallAddressSpaceHandler(ACPI_ROOT_OBJECT,
                   ACPI_ADR_SPACE_PCI_CONFIG, ACPI_DEFAULT_HANDLER, NULL, NULL);
       if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
           device_printf(dev, "could not initialise PciConfig handler: %s\n",
                         AcpiFormatException(status));
           goto out;
       }
   
       /*
        * Note that some systems (specifically, those with namespace evaluation
        * issues that require the avoidance of parts of the namespace) must
        * avoid running _INI and _STA on everything, as well as dodging the final
        * object init pass.
        *
        * For these devices, we set ACPI_NO_DEVICE_INIT and ACPI_NO_OBJECT_INIT).
        *
        * XXX We should arrange for the object init pass after we have attached
        *     all our child devices, but on many systems it works here.
        */
       flags = 0;
       if (testenv("debug.acpi.avoid"))
           flags = ACPI_NO_DEVICE_INIT | ACPI_NO_OBJECT_INIT;
   
       /* Bring the hardware and basic handlers online. */
       if (ACPI_FAILURE(status = AcpiEnableSubsystem(flags))) {
           device_printf(dev, "Could not enable ACPI: %s\n",
                         AcpiFormatException(status));
           goto out;
       }
   
       /*
        * Call the ECDT probe function to provide EC functionality before
        * the namespace has been evaluated.
        *
        * XXX This happens before the sysresource devices have been probed and
        * attached so its resources come from nexus0.  In practice, this isn't
        * a problem but should be addressed eventually.
        */
       acpi_ec_ecdt_probe(dev);
   
       /* Bring device objects and regions online. */
       if (ACPI_FAILURE(status = AcpiInitializeObjects(flags))) {
           device_printf(dev, "Could not initialize ACPI objects: %s\n",
                         AcpiFormatException(status));
           goto out;
       }
   
       /*
        * Setup our sysctl tree.
        *
        * XXX: This doesn't check to make sure that none of these fail.
        */
       sysctl_ctx_init(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx);
       sc->acpi_sysctl_tree = SYSCTL_ADD_NODE(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx,
                                  SYSCTL_STATIC_CHILDREN(_hw), OID_AUTO,
                                  device_get_name(dev), CTLFLAG_RD, 0, "");
       SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "supported_sleep_state", CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RD,
           0, 0, acpi_supported_sleep_state_sysctl, "A", "");
       SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "power_button_state", CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW,
           &sc->acpi_power_button_sx, 0, acpi_sleep_state_sysctl, "A", "");
       SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "sleep_button_state", CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW,
           &sc->acpi_sleep_button_sx, 0, acpi_sleep_state_sysctl, "A", "");
       SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "lid_switch_state", CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW,
           &sc->acpi_lid_switch_sx, 0, acpi_sleep_state_sysctl, "A", "");
       SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "standby_state", CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW,
           &sc->acpi_standby_sx, 0, acpi_sleep_state_sysctl, "A", "");
       SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "suspend_state", CTLTYPE_STRING | CTLFLAG_RW,
           &sc->acpi_suspend_sx, 0, acpi_sleep_state_sysctl, "A", "");
       SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "sleep_delay", CTLFLAG_RW, &sc->acpi_sleep_delay, 0,
           "sleep delay");
       SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "s4bios", CTLFLAG_RW, &sc->acpi_s4bios, 0, "S4BIOS mode");
       SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "verbose", CTLFLAG_RW, &sc->acpi_verbose, 0, "verbose mode");
       SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "disable_on_reboot", CTLFLAG_RW,
           &sc->acpi_do_disable, 0, "Disable ACPI when rebooting/halting system");
       SYSCTL_ADD_INT(&sc->acpi_sysctl_ctx, SYSCTL_CHILDREN(sc->acpi_sysctl_tree),
           OID_AUTO, "handle_reboot", CTLFLAG_RW,
           &sc->acpi_handle_reboot, 0, "Use ACPI Reset Register to reboot");
   
       /*
        * Default to 1 second before sleeping to give some machines time to
        * stabilize.
        */
       sc->acpi_sleep_delay = 1;
       if (bootverbose)
           sc->acpi_verbose = 1;
       if ((env = getenv("hw.acpi.verbose")) != NULL) {
           if (strcmp(env, "") != 0)
               sc->acpi_verbose = 1;
           freeenv(env);
       }
   
       /* Only enable S4BIOS by default if the FACS says it is available. */
       if (AcpiGbl_FACS->S4Bios_f != 0)
           sc->acpi_s4bios = 1;
   
       /*
        * Dispatch the default sleep state to devices.  The lid switch is set
        * to NONE by default to avoid surprising users.
        */
       sc->acpi_power_button_sx = ACPI_STATE_S5;
       sc->acpi_lid_switch_sx = ACPI_S_STATES_MAX + 1;
       sc->acpi_standby_sx = ACPI_STATE_S1;
       sc->acpi_suspend_sx = ACPI_STATE_S3;
   
       /* Pick the first valid sleep state for the sleep button default. */
       sc->acpi_sleep_button_sx = ACPI_S_STATES_MAX + 1;
       for (state = ACPI_STATE_S1; state < ACPI_STATE_S5; state++)
           if (ACPI_SUCCESS(AcpiGetSleepTypeData(state, &TypeA, &TypeB))) {
               sc->acpi_sleep_button_sx = state;
               break;
           }
   
       acpi_enable_fixed_events(sc);
   
       /*
        * Scan the namespace and attach/initialise children.
        */
   
       /* Register our shutdown handler. */
       EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(shutdown_final, acpi_shutdown_final, sc,
           SHUTDOWN_PRI_LAST);
   
       /*
        * Register our acpi event handlers.
        * XXX should be configurable eg. via userland policy manager.
        */
       EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(acpi_sleep_event, acpi_system_eventhandler_sleep,
           sc, ACPI_EVENT_PRI_LAST);
       EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER(acpi_wakeup_event, acpi_system_eventhandler_wakeup,
           sc, ACPI_EVENT_PRI_LAST);
   
       /* Flag our initial states. */
       sc->acpi_enabled = 1;
       sc->acpi_sstate = ACPI_STATE_S0;
       sc->acpi_sleep_disabled = 0;
   
       /* Create the control device */
       sc->acpi_dev_t = make_dev(&acpi_cdevsw, 0, UID_ROOT, GID_WHEEL, 0644,
                                 "acpi");
       sc->acpi_dev_t->si_drv1 = sc;
   
       if ((error = acpi_machdep_init(dev)))
           goto out;
   
       /* Register ACPI again to pass the correct argument of pm_func. */
       power_pm_register(POWER_PM_TYPE_ACPI, acpi_pm_func, sc);
   
       if (!acpi_disabled("bus"))
           acpi_probe_children(dev);
   
       error = 0;
   
    out:
       return_VALUE (error);
   }
   
   static int
   acpi_suspend(device_t dev)
   {
       device_t child, *devlist;
       int error, i, numdevs, pstate;
   
       GIANT_REQUIRED;
   
       /* First give child devices a chance to suspend. */
       error = bus_generic_suspend(dev);
       if (error)
           return (error);
   
       /*
        * Now, set them into the appropriate power state, usually D3.  If the
        * device has an _SxD method for the next sleep state, use that power
        * state instead.
        */
       device_get_children(dev, &devlist, &numdevs);
       for (i = 0; i < numdevs; i++) {
           /* If the device is not attached, we've powered it down elsewhere. */
           child = devlist[i];
           if (!device_is_attached(child))
               continue;
   
           /*
            * Default to D3 for all sleep states.  The _SxD method is optional
            * so set the powerstate even if it's absent.
            */
           pstate = PCI_POWERSTATE_D3;
           error = acpi_device_pwr_for_sleep(device_get_parent(child),
               child, &pstate);
           if ((error == 0 || error == ESRCH) && acpi_do_powerstate)
               pci_set_powerstate(child, pstate);
       }
       free(devlist, M_TEMP);
       error = 0;
   
       return (error);
   }
   
   static int
   acpi_resume(device_t dev)
   {
       ACPI_HANDLE handle;
       int i, numdevs;
       device_t child, *devlist;
   
       GIANT_REQUIRED;
   
       /*
        * Put all devices in D0 before resuming them.  Call _S0D on each one
        * since some systems expect this.
        */
       device_get_children(dev, &devlist, &numdevs);
       for (i = 0; i < numdevs; i++) {
           child = devlist[i];
           handle = acpi_get_handle(child);
           if (handle)
               AcpiEvaluateObject(handle, "_S0D", NULL, NULL);
           if (device_is_attached(child) && acpi_do_powerstate)
               pci_set_powerstate(child, PCI_POWERSTATE_D0);
       }
       free(devlist, M_TEMP);
   
       return (bus_generic_resume(dev));
   }
   
   static int
   acpi_shutdown(device_t dev)
   {
   
       GIANT_REQUIRED;
   
       /* Allow children to shutdown first. */
       bus_generic_shutdown(dev);
   
       /*
        * Enable any GPEs that are able to power-on the system (i.e., RTC).
        * Also, disable any that are not valid for this state (most).
        */
       acpi_wake_prep_walk(ACPI_STATE_S5);
   
       return (0);
   }
   
   /*
    * Handle a new device being added
    */
   static device_t
   acpi_add_child(device_t bus, int order, const char *name, int unit)
   {
       struct acpi_device  *ad;
       device_t            child;
   
       if ((ad = malloc(sizeof(*ad), M_ACPIDEV, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO)) == NULL)
           return (NULL);
   
       resource_list_init(&ad->ad_rl);
   
       child = device_add_child_ordered(bus, order, name, unit);
       if (child != NULL)
           device_set_ivars(child, ad);
       else
           free(ad, M_ACPIDEV);
       return (child);
   }
   
   static int
   acpi_print_child(device_t bus, device_t child)
   {
       struct acpi_device   *adev = device_get_ivars(child);
       struct resource_list *rl = &adev->ad_rl;
       int retval = 0;
   
       retval += bus_print_child_header(bus, child);
       retval += resource_list_print_type(rl, "port",  SYS_RES_IOPORT, "%#lx");
       retval += resource_list_print_type(rl, "iomem", SYS_RES_MEMORY, "%#lx");
       retval += resource_list_print_type(rl, "irq",   SYS_RES_IRQ,    "%ld");
       retval += resource_list_print_type(rl, "drq",   SYS_RES_DRQ,    "%ld");
       if (device_get_flags(child))
           retval += printf(" flags %#x", device_get_flags(child));
       retval += bus_print_child_footer(bus, child);
   
       return (retval);
   }
   
   /*
    * If this device is an ACPI child but no one claimed it, attempt
    * to power it off.  We'll power it back up when a driver is added.
    *
    * XXX Disabled for now since many necessary devices (like fdc and
    * ATA) don't claim the devices we created for them but still expect
    * them to be powered up.
    */
   static void
   acpi_probe_nomatch(device_t bus, device_t child)
   {
   
       /* pci_set_powerstate(child, PCI_POWERSTATE_D3); */
   }
   
   /*
    * If a new driver has a chance to probe a child, first power it up.
    *
    * XXX Disabled for now (see acpi_probe_nomatch for details).
    */
   static void
   acpi_driver_added(device_t dev, driver_t *driver)
   {
       device_t child, *devlist;
       int i, numdevs;
   
       DEVICE_IDENTIFY(driver, dev);
       device_get_children(dev, &devlist, &numdevs);
       for (i = 0; i < numdevs; i++) {
           child = devlist[i];
           if (device_get_state(child) == DS_NOTPRESENT) {
               /* pci_set_powerstate(child, PCI_POWERSTATE_D0); */
               if (device_probe_and_attach(child) != 0)
                   ; /* pci_set_powerstate(child, PCI_POWERSTATE_D3); */
           }
       }
       free(devlist, M_TEMP);
   }
   
   /* Location hint for devctl(8) */
   static int
   acpi_child_location_str_method(device_t cbdev, device_t child, char *buf,
       size_t buflen)
   {
       struct acpi_device *dinfo = device_get_ivars(child);
   
       if (dinfo->ad_handle)
           snprintf(buf, buflen, "handle=%s", acpi_name(dinfo->ad_handle));
       else
           snprintf(buf, buflen, "unknown");
       return (0);
   }
   
   /* PnP information for devctl(8) */
   static int
   acpi_child_pnpinfo_str_method(device_t cbdev, device_t child, char *buf,
       size_t buflen)
   {
       ACPI_BUFFER adbuf = {ACPI_ALLOCATE_BUFFER, NULL}; 
       ACPI_DEVICE_INFO *adinfo;
       struct acpi_device *dinfo = device_get_ivars(child);
       char *end;
       int error;
   
       error = AcpiGetObjectInfo(dinfo->ad_handle, &adbuf);
       adinfo = (ACPI_DEVICE_INFO *) adbuf.Pointer;
       if (error)
           snprintf(buf, buflen, "unknown");
       else
           snprintf(buf, buflen, "_HID=%s _UID=%lu",
                    (adinfo->Valid & ACPI_VALID_HID) ?
                    adinfo->HardwareId.Value : "none",
                    (adinfo->Valid & ACPI_VALID_UID) ?
                    strtoul(adinfo->UniqueId.Value, &end, 10) : 0);
       if (adinfo)
           AcpiOsFree(adinfo);
   
       return (0);
   }
   
   /*
    * Handle per-device ivars
    */
   static int
   acpi_read_ivar(device_t dev, device_t child, int index, uintptr_t *result)
   {
       struct acpi_device  *ad;
   
       if ((ad = device_get_ivars(child)) == NULL) {
           printf("device has no ivars\n");
           return (ENOENT);
       }
   
       /* ACPI and ISA compatibility ivars */
       switch(index) {
       case ACPI_IVAR_HANDLE:
           *(ACPI_HANDLE *)result = ad->ad_handle;
           break;
       case ACPI_IVAR_MAGIC:
           *(int *)result = ad->ad_magic;
           break;
       case ACPI_IVAR_PRIVATE:
           *(void **)result = ad->ad_private;
           break;
       case ACPI_IVAR_FLAGS:
           *(int *)result = ad->ad_flags;
           break;
       case ISA_IVAR_VENDORID:
       case ISA_IVAR_SERIAL:
       case ISA_IVAR_COMPATID:
           *(int *)result = -1;
           break;
       case ISA_IVAR_LOGICALID:
           *(int *)result = acpi_isa_get_logicalid(child);
           break;
       default:
           return (ENOENT);
       }
   
       return (0);
   }
   
   static int
   acpi_write_ivar(device_t dev, device_t child, int index, uintptr_t value)
   {
       struct acpi_device  *ad;
   
       if ((ad = device_get_ivars(child)) == NULL) {
           printf("device has no ivars\n");
           return (ENOENT);
       }
   
       switch(index) {
       case ACPI_IVAR_HANDLE:
           ad->ad_handle = (ACPI_HANDLE)value;
           break;
       case ACPI_IVAR_MAGIC:
           ad->ad_magic = (int)value;
           break;
       case ACPI_IVAR_PRIVATE:
           ad->ad_private = (void *)value;
           break;
       case ACPI_IVAR_FLAGS:
           ad->ad_flags = (int)value;
           break;
       default:
           panic("bad ivar write request (%d)", index);
           return (ENOENT);
       }
   
       return (0);
   }
   
   /*
    * Handle child resource allocation/removal
    */
   static struct resource_list *
   acpi_get_rlist(device_t dev, device_t child)
   {
       struct acpi_device          *ad;
   
       ad = device_get_ivars(child);
       return (&ad->ad_rl);
   }
   
   /*
    * Pre-allocate/manage all memory and IO resources.  Since rman can't handle
    * duplicates, we merge any in the sysresource attach routine.
    */
   static int
   acpi_sysres_alloc(device_t dev)
   {
       struct resource *res;
       struct resource_list *rl;
       struct resource_list_entry *rle;
       struct rman *rm;
       char *sysres_ids[] = { "PNP0C01", "PNP0C02", NULL };
       device_t *children;
       int child_count, i;
   
       /*
        * Probe/attach any sysresource devices.  This would be unnecessary if we
        * had multi-pass probe/attach.
        */
       if (device_get_children(dev, &children, &child_count) != 0)
           return (ENXIO);
       for (i = 0; i < child_count; i++) {
           if (ACPI_ID_PROBE(dev, children[i], sysres_ids) != NULL)
               device_probe_and_attach(children[i]);
       }
       free(children, M_TEMP);
   
       rl = BUS_GET_RESOURCE_LIST(device_get_parent(dev), dev);
       STAILQ_FOREACH(rle, rl, link) {
           if (rle->res != NULL) {
               device_printf(dev, "duplicate resource for %lx\n", rle->start);
               continue;
           }
   
           /* Only memory and IO resources are valid here. */
           switch (rle->type) {
           case SYS_RES_IOPORT:
               rm = &acpi_rman_io;
               break;
           case SYS_RES_MEMORY:
               rm = &acpi_rman_mem;
               break;
           default:
               continue;
           }
   
           /* Pre-allocate resource and add to our rman pool. */
           res = BUS_ALLOC_RESOURCE(device_get_parent(dev), dev, rle->type,
               &rle->rid, rle->start, rle->start + rle->count - 1, rle->count, 0);
           if (res != NULL) {
               rman_manage_region(rm, rman_get_start(res), rman_get_end(res));
               rle->res = res;
           } else
               device_printf(dev, "reservation of %lx, %lx (%d) failed\n",
                   rle->start, rle->count, rle->type);
       }
       return (0);
   }
   
   /* Find if we manage a given resource. */
   static struct resource_list_entry *
   acpi_sysres_find(device_t dev, int type, u_long addr)
   {
       struct resource_list *rl;
       struct resource_list_entry *rle;
   
       ACPI_SERIAL_ASSERT(acpi);
   
       /* We only consider IO and memory resources for our pool. */
       rle = NULL;
       if (type != SYS_RES_IOPORT && type != SYS_RES_MEMORY)
           goto out;
   
       rl = BUS_GET_RESOURCE_LIST(device_get_parent(dev), dev);
       STAILQ_FOREACH(rle, rl, link) {
           if (type == rle->type && addr >= rle->start &&
               addr < rle->start + rle->count)
               break;
       }
   
   out:
       return (rle);
   }
   
   static struct resource *
   acpi_alloc_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type, int *rid,
       u_long start, u_long end, u_long count, u_int flags)
   {
       ACPI_RESOURCE ares;
       struct acpi_device *ad = device_get_ivars(child);
       struct resource_list *rl = &ad->ad_rl;
       struct resource_list_entry *rle;
       struct resource *res;
       struct rman *rm;
   
       res = NULL;
       ACPI_SERIAL_BEGIN(acpi);
   
      /*
       * If this is an allocation of the "default" range for a given RID, and
       * we know what the resources for this device are (i.e., they're on the
       * child's resource list), use those start/end values.
       */
      if (bus == device_get_parent(child) && start == 0UL && end == ~0UL) {
          rle = resource_list_find(rl, type, *rid);
          if (rle == NULL)
              goto out;
          start = rle->start;
          end = rle->end;
          count = rle->count;
      }
  
      /* If we don't manage this address, pass the request up to the parent. */
      rle = acpi_sysres_find(bus, type, start);
      if (rle == NULL) {
          res = BUS_ALLOC_RESOURCE(device_get_parent(bus), child, type, rid,
              start, end, count, flags);
      } else {
  
          /* We only handle memory and IO resources through rman. */
          switch (type) {
          case SYS_RES_IOPORT:
              rm = &acpi_rman_io;
              break;
          case SYS_RES_MEMORY:
              rm = &acpi_rman_mem;
              break;
          default:
              panic("acpi_alloc_resource: invalid res type %d", type);
          }
  
          /* If we do know it, allocate it from the local pool. */
          res = rman_reserve_resource(rm, start, end, count, flags & ~RF_ACTIVE,
              child);
          if (res == NULL)
              goto out;
  
          /* Copy the bus tag and handle from the pre-allocated resource. */
          rman_set_rid(res, *rid);
          rman_set_bustag(res, rman_get_bustag(rle->res));
          rman_set_bushandle(res, rman_get_start(res));
  
          /* If requested, activate the resource using the parent's method. */
          if (flags & RF_ACTIVE)
              if (bus_activate_resource(child, type, *rid, res) != 0) {
                  rman_release_resource(res);
                  res = NULL;
                  goto out;
              }
      }
  
      if (res != NULL && device_get_parent(child) == bus)
          switch (type) {
          case SYS_RES_IRQ:
              /*
               * Since bus_config_intr() takes immediate effect, we cannot
               * configure the interrupt associated with a device when we
               * parse the resources but have to defer it until a driver
               * actually allocates the interrupt via bus_alloc_resource().
               *
               * XXX: Should we handle the lookup failing?
               */
              if (ACPI_SUCCESS(acpi_lookup_irq_resource(child, *rid, res, &ares)))
                  acpi_config_intr(child, &ares);
              break;
          }
  
  out:
      ACPI_SERIAL_END(acpi);
      return (res);
  }
  
  static int
  acpi_release_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type, int rid,
      struct resource *r)
  {
      int ret;
  
      ACPI_SERIAL_BEGIN(acpi);
  
      /*
       * If we know about this address, deactivate it and release it to the
       * local pool.  If we don't, pass this request up to the parent.
       */
      if (acpi_sysres_find(bus, type, rman_get_start(r)) != NULL) {
          if (rman_get_flags(r) & RF_ACTIVE) {
              ret = bus_deactivate_resource(child, type, rid, r);
              if (ret != 0)
                  goto out;
          }
          ret = rman_release_resource(r);
      } else
          ret = BUS_RELEASE_RESOURCE(device_get_parent(bus), child, type, rid, r);
  
  out:
      ACPI_SERIAL_END(acpi);
      return (ret);
  }
  
  static void
  acpi_delete_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type, int rid)
  {
      struct resource_list *rl;
  
      rl = acpi_get_rlist(bus, child);
      resource_list_delete(rl, type, rid);
  }
  
  /* Allocate an IO port or memory resource, given its GAS. */
  int
  acpi_bus_alloc_gas(device_t dev, int *type, int *rid, ACPI_GENERIC_ADDRESS *gas,
      struct resource **res)
  {
      int error, res_type;
  
      error = ENOMEM;
      if (type == NULL || rid == NULL || gas == NULL || res == NULL)
          return (EINVAL);
  
      /* We only support memory and IO spaces. */
      switch (gas->AddressSpaceId) {
      case ACPI_ADR_SPACE_SYSTEM_MEMORY:
          res_type = SYS_RES_MEMORY;
          break;
      case ACPI_ADR_SPACE_SYSTEM_IO:
          res_type = SYS_RES_IOPORT;
          break;
      default:
          return (EOPNOTSUPP);
      }
  
      /*
       * If the register width is less than 8, assume the BIOS author means
       * it is a bit field and just allocate a byte.
       */
      if (gas->RegisterBitWidth && gas->RegisterBitWidth < 8)
          gas->RegisterBitWidth = 8;
  
      /* Validate the address after we're sure we support the space. */
      if (!ACPI_VALID_ADDRESS(gas->Address) || gas->RegisterBitWidth == 0)
          return (EINVAL);
  
      bus_set_resource(dev, res_type, *rid, gas->Address,
          gas->RegisterBitWidth / 8);
      *res = bus_alloc_resource_any(dev, res_type, rid, RF_ACTIVE);
      if (*res != NULL) {
          *type = res_type;
          error = 0;
      } else
          bus_delete_resource(dev, res_type, *rid);
  
      return (error);
  }
  
  /* Probe _HID and _CID for compatible ISA PNP ids. */
  static uint32_t
  acpi_isa_get_logicalid(device_t dev)
  {
      ACPI_DEVICE_INFO    *devinfo;
      ACPI_BUFFER         buf;
      ACPI_HANDLE         h;
      ACPI_STATUS         error;
      u_int32_t           pnpid;
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
  
      pnpid = 0;
      buf.Pointer = NULL;
      buf.Length = ACPI_ALLOCATE_BUFFER;
  
      /* Fetch and validate the HID. */
      if ((h = acpi_get_handle(dev)) == NULL)
          goto out;
      error = AcpiGetObjectInfo(h, &buf);
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(error))
          goto out;
      devinfo = (ACPI_DEVICE_INFO *)buf.Pointer;
  
      if ((devinfo->Valid & ACPI_VALID_HID) != 0)
          pnpid = PNP_EISAID(devinfo->HardwareId.Value);
  
  out:
      if (buf.Pointer != NULL)
          AcpiOsFree(buf.Pointer);
      return_VALUE (pnpid);
  }
  
  static int
  acpi_isa_get_compatid(device_t dev, uint32_t *cids, int count)
  {
      ACPI_DEVICE_INFO    *devinfo;
      ACPI_BUFFER         buf;
      ACPI_HANDLE         h;
      ACPI_STATUS         error;
      uint32_t            *pnpid;
      int                 valid, i;
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
  
      pnpid = cids;
      valid = 0;
      buf.Pointer = NULL;
      buf.Length = ACPI_ALLOCATE_BUFFER;
  
      /* Fetch and validate the CID */
      if ((h = acpi_get_handle(dev)) == NULL)
          goto out;
      error = AcpiGetObjectInfo(h, &buf);
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(error))
          goto out;
      devinfo = (ACPI_DEVICE_INFO *)buf.Pointer;
      if ((devinfo->Valid & ACPI_VALID_CID) == 0)
          goto out;
  
      if (devinfo->CompatibilityId.Count < count)
          count = devinfo->CompatibilityId.Count;
      for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
          if (strncmp(devinfo->CompatibilityId.Id[i].Value, "PNP", 3) != 0)
              continue;
          *pnpid++ = PNP_EISAID(devinfo->CompatibilityId.Id[i].Value);
          valid++;
      }
  
  out:
      if (buf.Pointer != NULL)
          AcpiOsFree(buf.Pointer);
      return_VALUE (valid);
  }
  
  static char *
  acpi_device_id_probe(device_t bus, device_t dev, char **ids) 
  {
      ACPI_HANDLE h;
      int i;
  
      h = acpi_get_handle(dev);
      if (ids == NULL || h == NULL || acpi_get_type(dev) != ACPI_TYPE_DEVICE)
          return (NULL);
  
      /* Try to match one of the array of IDs with a HID or CID. */
      for (i = 0; ids[i] != NULL; i++) {
          if (acpi_MatchHid(h, ids[i]))
              return (ids[i]);
      }
      return (NULL);
  }
  
  static ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_device_eval_obj(device_t bus, device_t dev, ACPI_STRING pathname,
      ACPI_OBJECT_LIST *parameters, ACPI_BUFFER *ret)
  {
      ACPI_HANDLE h;
  
      if (dev == NULL)
          h = ACPI_ROOT_OBJECT;
      else if ((h = acpi_get_handle(dev)) == NULL)
          return (AE_BAD_PARAMETER);
      return (AcpiEvaluateObject(h, pathname, parameters, ret));
  }
  
  static int
  acpi_device_pwr_for_sleep(device_t bus, device_t dev, int *dstate)
  {
      struct acpi_softc *sc;
      ACPI_HANDLE handle;
      ACPI_STATUS status;
      char sxd[8];
      int error;
  
      sc = device_get_softc(bus);
      handle = acpi_get_handle(dev);
  
      /*
       * XXX If we find these devices, don't try to power them down.
       * The serial and IRDA ports on my T23 hang the system when
       * set to D3 and it appears that such legacy devices may
       * need special handling in their drivers.
       */
      if (handle == NULL ||
          acpi_MatchHid(handle, "PNP0500") ||
          acpi_MatchHid(handle, "PNP0501") ||
          acpi_MatchHid(handle, "PNP0502") ||
          acpi_MatchHid(handle, "PNP0510") ||
          acpi_MatchHid(handle, "PNP0511"))
          return (ENXIO);
  
      /*
       * Override next state with the value from _SxD, if present.  If no
       * dstate argument was provided, don't fetch the return value.
       */
      snprintf(sxd, sizeof(sxd), "_S%dD", sc->acpi_sstate);
      if (dstate)
          status = acpi_GetInteger(handle, sxd, dstate);
      else
          status = AcpiEvaluateObject(handle, sxd, NULL, NULL);
  
      switch (status) {
      case AE_OK:
          error = 0;
          break;
      case AE_NOT_FOUND:
          error = ESRCH;
          break;
      default:
          error = ENXIO;
          break;
      }
  
      return (error);
  }
  
  /* Callback arg for our implementation of walking the namespace. */
  struct acpi_device_scan_ctx {
      acpi_scan_cb_t      user_fn;
      void                *arg;
      ACPI_HANDLE         parent;
  };
  
  static ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_device_scan_cb(ACPI_HANDLE h, UINT32 level, void *arg, void **retval)
  {
      struct acpi_device_scan_ctx *ctx;
      device_t dev, old_dev;
      ACPI_STATUS status;
      ACPI_OBJECT_TYPE type;
  
      /*
       * Skip this device if we think we'll have trouble with it or it is
       * the parent where the scan began.
       */
      ctx = (struct acpi_device_scan_ctx *)arg;
      if (acpi_avoid(h) || h == ctx->parent)
          return (AE_OK);
  
      /* If this is not a valid device type (e.g., a method), skip it. */
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(AcpiGetType(h, &type)))
          return (AE_OK);
      if (type != ACPI_TYPE_DEVICE && type != ACPI_TYPE_PROCESSOR &&
          type != ACPI_TYPE_THERMAL && type != ACPI_TYPE_POWER)
          return (AE_OK);
  
      /*
       * Call the user function with the current device.  If it is unchanged
       * afterwards, return.  Otherwise, we update the handle to the new dev.
       */
      old_dev = acpi_get_device(h);
      dev = old_dev;
      status = ctx->user_fn(h, &dev, level, ctx->arg);
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(status) || old_dev == dev)
          return (status);
  
      /* Remove the old child and its connection to the handle. */
      if (old_dev != NULL) {
          device_delete_child(device_get_parent(old_dev), old_dev);
          AcpiDetachData(h, acpi_fake_objhandler);
      }
  
      /* Recreate the handle association if the user created a device. */
      if (dev != NULL)
          AcpiAttachData(h, acpi_fake_objhandler, dev);
  
      return (AE_OK);
  }
  
  static ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_device_scan_children(device_t bus, device_t dev, int max_depth,
      acpi_scan_cb_t user_fn, void *arg)
  {
      ACPI_HANDLE h;
      struct acpi_device_scan_ctx ctx;
  
      if (acpi_disabled("children"))
          return (AE_OK);
  
      if (dev == NULL)
          h = ACPI_ROOT_OBJECT;
      else if ((h = acpi_get_handle(dev)) == NULL)
          return (AE_BAD_PARAMETER);
      ctx.user_fn = user_fn;
      ctx.arg = arg;
      ctx.parent = h;
      return (AcpiWalkNamespace(ACPI_TYPE_ANY, h, max_depth,
          acpi_device_scan_cb, &ctx, NULL));
  }
  
  /*
   * Even though ACPI devices are not PCI, we use the PCI approach for setting
   * device power states since it's close enough to ACPI.
   */
  static int
  acpi_set_powerstate_method(device_t bus, device_t child, int state)
  {
      ACPI_HANDLE h;
      ACPI_STATUS status;
      int error;
  
      error = 0;
      h = acpi_get_handle(child);
      if (state < ACPI_STATE_D0 || state > ACPI_STATE_D3)
          return (EINVAL);
      if (h == NULL)
          return (0);
  
      /* Ignore errors if the power methods aren't present. */
      status = acpi_pwr_switch_consumer(h, state);
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(status) && status != AE_NOT_FOUND
          && status != AE_BAD_PARAMETER)
          device_printf(bus, "failed to set ACPI power state D%d on %s: %s\n",
              state, acpi_name(h), AcpiFormatException(status));
  
      return (error);
  }
  
  static int
  acpi_isa_pnp_probe(device_t bus, device_t child, struct isa_pnp_id *ids)
  {
      int                 result, cid_count, i;
      uint32_t            lid, cids[8];
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
  
      /*
       * ISA-style drivers attached to ACPI may persist and
       * probe manually if we return ENOENT.  We never want
       * that to happen, so don't ever return it.
       */
      result = ENXIO;
  
      /* Scan the supplied IDs for a match */
      lid = acpi_isa_get_logicalid(child);
      cid_count = acpi_isa_get_compatid(child, cids, 8);
      while (ids && ids->ip_id) {
          if (lid == ids->ip_id) {
              result = 0;
              goto out;
          }
          for (i = 0; i < cid_count; i++) {
              if (cids[i] == ids->ip_id) {
                  result = 0;
                  goto out;
              }
          }
          ids++;
      }
  
   out:
      if (result == 0 && ids->ip_desc)
          device_set_desc(child, ids->ip_desc);
  
      return_VALUE (result);
  }
  
  /*
   * Scan all of the ACPI namespace and attach child devices.
   *
   * We should only expect to find devices in the \_PR, \_TZ, \_SI, and
   * \_SB scopes, and \_PR and \_TZ became obsolete in the ACPI 2.0 spec.
   * However, in violation of the spec, some systems place their PCI link
   * devices in \, so we have to walk the whole namespace.  We check the
   * type of namespace nodes, so this should be ok.
   */
  static void
  acpi_probe_children(device_t bus)
  {
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
  
      /*
       * Scan the namespace and insert placeholders for all the devices that
       * we find.  We also probe/attach any early devices.
       *
       * Note that we use AcpiWalkNamespace rather than AcpiGetDevices because
       * we want to create nodes for all devices, not just those that are
       * currently present. (This assumes that we don't want to create/remove
       * devices as they appear, which might be smarter.)
       */
      ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_OBJECTS, "namespace scan\n"));
      AcpiWalkNamespace(ACPI_TYPE_ANY, ACPI_ROOT_OBJECT, 100, acpi_probe_child,
          bus, NULL);
  
      /* Pre-allocate resources for our rman from any sysresource devices. */
      acpi_sysres_alloc(bus);
  
      /* Create any static children by calling device identify methods. */
      ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_OBJECTS, "device identify routines\n"));
      bus_generic_probe(bus);
  
      /* Probe/attach all children, created staticly and from the namespace. */
      ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_OBJECTS, "first bus_generic_attach\n"));
      bus_generic_attach(bus);
  
      /*
       * Some of these children may have attached others as part of their attach
       * process (eg. the root PCI bus driver), so rescan.
       */
      ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_OBJECTS, "second bus_generic_attach\n"));
      bus_generic_attach(bus);
  
      /* Attach wake sysctls. */
      acpi_wake_sysctl_walk(bus);
  
      ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_OBJECTS, "done attaching children\n"));
      return_VOID;
  }
  
  /*
   * Determine the probe order for a given device and return non-zero if it
   * should be attached immediately.
   */
  static int
  acpi_probe_order(ACPI_HANDLE handle, int *order)
  {
  
      /*
       * 1. I/O port and memory system resource holders
       * 2. Embedded controllers (to handle early accesses)
       * 3. PCI Link Devices
       */
      if (acpi_MatchHid(handle, "PNP0C01") || acpi_MatchHid(handle, "PNP0C02"))
          *order = 1;
      else if (acpi_MatchHid(handle, "PNP0C09"))
          *order = 2;
      else if (acpi_MatchHid(handle, "PNP0C0F"))
          *order = 3;
      return (0);
  }
  
  /*
   * Evaluate a child device and determine whether we might attach a device to
   * it.
   */
  static ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_probe_child(ACPI_HANDLE handle, UINT32 level, void *context, void **status)
  {
      ACPI_OBJECT_TYPE type;
      ACPI_HANDLE h;
      device_t bus, child;
      int order;
      char *handle_str, **search;
      static char *scopes[] = {"\\_PR_", "\\_TZ_", "\\_SI_", "\\_SB_", NULL};
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
  
      /* Skip this device if we think we'll have trouble with it. */
      if (acpi_avoid(handle))
          return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_OK);
  
      bus = (device_t)context;
      if (ACPI_SUCCESS(AcpiGetType(handle, &type))) {
          switch (type) {
          case ACPI_TYPE_DEVICE:
          case ACPI_TYPE_PROCESSOR:
          case ACPI_TYPE_THERMAL:
          case ACPI_TYPE_POWER:
              if (acpi_disabled("children"))
                  break;
  
              /*
               * Since we scan from \, be sure to skip system scope objects.
               * At least \_SB and \_TZ are detected as devices (ACPI-CA bug?)
               */
              handle_str = acpi_name(handle);
              for (search = scopes; *search != NULL; search++) {
                  if (strcmp(handle_str, *search) == 0)
                      break;
              }
              if (*search != NULL)
                  break;
  
              /* 
               * Create a placeholder device for this node.  Sort the placeholder
               * so that the probe/attach passes will run breadth-first.  Orders
               * less than 10 are reserved for special objects (i.e., system
               * resources).  Larger values are used for all other devices.
               */
              ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_OBJECTS, "scanning '%s'\n", handle_str));
              order = (level + 1) * 10;
              acpi_probe_order(handle, &order);
              child = BUS_ADD_CHILD(bus, order, NULL, -1);
              if (child == NULL)
                  break;
  
              /* Associate the handle with the device_t and vice versa. */
              acpi_set_handle(child, handle);
              AcpiAttachData(handle, acpi_fake_objhandler, child);
  
              /*
               * Check that the device is present.  If it's not present,
               * leave it disabled (so that we have a device_t attached to
               * the handle, but we don't probe it).
               *
               * XXX PCI link devices sometimes report "present" but not
               * "functional" (i.e. if disabled).  Go ahead and probe them
               * anyway since we may enable them later.
               */
              if (type == ACPI_TYPE_DEVICE && !acpi_DeviceIsPresent(child)) {
                  /* Never disable PCI link devices. */
                  if (acpi_MatchHid(handle, "PNP0C0F"))
                      break;
                  /*
                   * Docking stations should remain enabled since the system
                   * may be undocked at boot.
                   */
                  if (ACPI_SUCCESS(AcpiGetHandle(handle, "_DCK", &h)))
                      break;
  
                  device_disable(child);
                  break;
              }
  
              /*
               * Get the device's resource settings and attach them.
               * Note that if the device has _PRS but no _CRS, we need
               * to decide when it's appropriate to try to configure the
               * device.  Ignore the return value here; it's OK for the
               * device not to have any resources.
               */
              acpi_parse_resources(child, handle, &acpi_res_parse_set, NULL);
              break;
          }
      }
  
      return_ACPI_STATUS (AE_OK);
  }
  
  /*
   * AcpiAttachData() requires an object handler but never uses it.  This is a
   * placeholder object handler so we can store a device_t in an ACPI_HANDLE.
   */
  void
  acpi_fake_objhandler(ACPI_HANDLE h, UINT32 fn, void *data)
  {
  }
  
  static void
  acpi_shutdown_final(void *arg, int howto)
  {
      struct acpi_softc *sc;
      ACPI_STATUS status;
  
      /*
       * XXX Shutdown code should only run on the BSP (cpuid 0).
       * Some chipsets do not power off the system correctly if called from
       * an AP.
       */
      sc = arg;
      if ((howto & RB_POWEROFF) != 0) {
          status = AcpiEnterSleepStatePrep(ACPI_STATE_S5);
          if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
              printf("AcpiEnterSleepStatePrep failed - %s\n",
                     AcpiFormatException(status));
              return;
          }
          printf("Powering system off using ACPI\n");
          ACPI_DISABLE_IRQS();
          status = AcpiEnterSleepState(ACPI_STATE_S5);
          if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
              printf("ACPI power-off failed - %s\n", AcpiFormatException(status));
          } else {
              DELAY(1000000);
              printf("ACPI power-off failed - timeout\n");
          }
      } else if ((howto & RB_HALT) == 0 && AcpiGbl_FADT->ResetRegSup &&
          sc->acpi_handle_reboot) {
          /* Reboot using the reset register. */
          status = AcpiHwLowLevelWrite(
              AcpiGbl_FADT->ResetRegister.RegisterBitWidth,
              AcpiGbl_FADT->ResetValue, &AcpiGbl_FADT->ResetRegister);
          if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
              printf("ACPI reset failed - %s\n", AcpiFormatException(status));
          } else {
              DELAY(1000000);
              printf("ACPI reset failed - timeout\n");
          }
      } else if (sc->acpi_do_disable && panicstr == NULL) {
          /*
           * Only disable ACPI if the user requested.  On some systems, writing
           * the disable value to SMI_CMD hangs the system.
           */
          printf("Shutting down ACPI\n");
          AcpiTerminate();
      }
  }
  
  static void
  acpi_enable_fixed_events(struct acpi_softc *sc)
  {
      static int  first_time = 1;
  
      /* Enable and clear fixed events and install handlers. */
      if (AcpiGbl_FADT != NULL && AcpiGbl_FADT->PwrButton == 0) {
          AcpiClearEvent(ACPI_EVENT_POWER_BUTTON);
          AcpiInstallFixedEventHandler(ACPI_EVENT_POWER_BUTTON,
                                       acpi_event_power_button_sleep, sc);
          if (first_time)
              device_printf(sc->acpi_dev, "Power Button (fixed)\n");
      }
      if (AcpiGbl_FADT != NULL && AcpiGbl_FADT->SleepButton == 0) {
          AcpiClearEvent(ACPI_EVENT_SLEEP_BUTTON);
          AcpiInstallFixedEventHandler(ACPI_EVENT_SLEEP_BUTTON,
                                       acpi_event_sleep_button_sleep, sc);
          if (first_time)
              device_printf(sc->acpi_dev, "Sleep Button (fixed)\n");
      }
  
      first_time = 0;
  }
  
  /*
   * Returns true if the device is actually present and should
   * be attached to.  This requires the present, enabled, UI-visible 
   * and diagnostics-passed bits to be set.
   */
  BOOLEAN
  acpi_DeviceIsPresent(device_t dev)
  {
      ACPI_DEVICE_INFO    *devinfo;
      ACPI_HANDLE         h;
      ACPI_BUFFER         buf;
      ACPI_STATUS         error;
      int                 ret;
  
      ret = FALSE;
      if ((h = acpi_get_handle(dev)) == NULL)
          return (FALSE);
      buf.Pointer = NULL;
      buf.Length = ACPI_ALLOCATE_BUFFER;
      error = AcpiGetObjectInfo(h, &buf);
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(error))
          return (FALSE);
      devinfo = (ACPI_DEVICE_INFO *)buf.Pointer;
  
      /* If no _STA method, must be present */
      if ((devinfo->Valid & ACPI_VALID_STA) == 0)
          ret = TRUE;
  
      /* Return true for 'present' and 'functioning' */
      if (ACPI_DEVICE_PRESENT(devinfo->CurrentStatus))
          ret = TRUE;
  
      AcpiOsFree(buf.Pointer);
      return (ret);
  }
  
  /*
   * Returns true if the battery is actually present and inserted.
   */
  BOOLEAN
  acpi_BatteryIsPresent(device_t dev)
  {
      ACPI_DEVICE_INFO    *devinfo;
      ACPI_HANDLE         h;
      ACPI_BUFFER         buf;
      ACPI_STATUS         error;
      int                 ret;
  
      ret = FALSE;
      if ((h = acpi_get_handle(dev)) == NULL)
          return (FALSE);
      buf.Pointer = NULL;
      buf.Length = ACPI_ALLOCATE_BUFFER;
      error = AcpiGetObjectInfo(h, &buf);
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(error))
          return (FALSE);
      devinfo = (ACPI_DEVICE_INFO *)buf.Pointer;
  
      /* If no _STA method, must be present */
      if ((devinfo->Valid & ACPI_VALID_STA) == 0)
          ret = TRUE;
  
      /* Return true for 'present', 'battery present', and 'functioning' */
      if (ACPI_BATTERY_PRESENT(devinfo->CurrentStatus))
          ret = TRUE;
  
      AcpiOsFree(buf.Pointer);
      return (ret);
  }
  
  /*
   * Match a HID string against a handle
   */
  static BOOLEAN
  acpi_MatchHid(ACPI_HANDLE h, const char *hid) 
  {
      ACPI_DEVICE_INFO    *devinfo;
      ACPI_BUFFER         buf;
      ACPI_STATUS         error;
      int                 ret, i;
  
      ret = FALSE;
      if (hid == NULL || h == NULL)
          return (ret);
      buf.Pointer = NULL;
      buf.Length = ACPI_ALLOCATE_BUFFER;
      error = AcpiGetObjectInfo(h, &buf);
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(error))
          return (ret);
      devinfo = (ACPI_DEVICE_INFO *)buf.Pointer;
  
      if ((devinfo->Valid & ACPI_VALID_HID) != 0 &&
          strcmp(hid, devinfo->HardwareId.Value) == 0)
              ret = TRUE;
      else if ((devinfo->Valid & ACPI_VALID_CID) != 0) {
          for (i = 0; i < devinfo->CompatibilityId.Count; i++) {
              if (strcmp(hid, devinfo->CompatibilityId.Id[i].Value) == 0) {
                  ret = TRUE;
                  break;
              }
          }
      }
  
      AcpiOsFree(buf.Pointer);
      return (ret);
  }
  
  /*
   * Return the handle of a named object within our scope, ie. that of (parent)
   * or one if its parents.
   */
  ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_GetHandleInScope(ACPI_HANDLE parent, char *path, ACPI_HANDLE *result)
  {
      ACPI_HANDLE         r;
      ACPI_STATUS         status;
  
      /* Walk back up the tree to the root */
      for (;;) {
          status = AcpiGetHandle(parent, path, &r);
          if (ACPI_SUCCESS(status)) {
              *result = r;
              return (AE_OK);
          }
          /* XXX Return error here? */
          if (status != AE_NOT_FOUND)
              return (AE_OK);
          if (ACPI_FAILURE(AcpiGetParent(parent, &r)))
              return (AE_NOT_FOUND);
          parent = r;
      }
  }
  
  /* Find the difference between two PM tick counts. */
  uint32_t
  acpi_TimerDelta(uint32_t end, uint32_t start)
  {
      uint32_t delta;
  
      if (end >= start)
          delta = end - start;
      else if (AcpiGbl_FADT->TmrValExt == 0)
          delta = ((0x00FFFFFF - start) + end + 1) & 0x00FFFFFF;
      else
          delta = ((0xFFFFFFFF - start) + end + 1);
      return (delta);
  }
  
  /*
   * Allocate a buffer with a preset data size.
   */
  ACPI_BUFFER *
  acpi_AllocBuffer(int size)
  {
      ACPI_BUFFER *buf;
  
      if ((buf = malloc(size + sizeof(*buf), M_ACPIDEV, M_NOWAIT)) == NULL)
          return (NULL);
      buf->Length = size;
      buf->Pointer = (void *)(buf + 1);
      return (buf);
  }
  
  ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_SetInteger(ACPI_HANDLE handle, char *path, UINT32 number)
  {
      ACPI_OBJECT arg1;
      ACPI_OBJECT_LIST args;
  
      arg1.Type = ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER;
      arg1.Integer.Value = number;
      args.Count = 1;
      args.Pointer = &arg1;
  
      return (AcpiEvaluateObject(handle, path, &args, NULL));
  }
  
  /*
   * Evaluate a path that should return an integer.
   */
  ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_GetInteger(ACPI_HANDLE handle, char *path, UINT32 *number)
  {
      ACPI_STATUS status;
      ACPI_BUFFER buf;
      ACPI_OBJECT param;
  
      if (handle == NULL)
          handle = ACPI_ROOT_OBJECT;
  
      /*
       * Assume that what we've been pointed at is an Integer object, or
       * a method that will return an Integer.
       */
      buf.Pointer = &param;
      buf.Length = sizeof(param);
      status = AcpiEvaluateObject(handle, path, NULL, &buf);
      if (ACPI_SUCCESS(status)) {
          if (param.Type == ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER)
              *number = param.Integer.Value;
          else
              status = AE_TYPE;
      }
  
      /* 
       * In some applications, a method that's expected to return an Integer
       * may instead return a Buffer (probably to simplify some internal
       * arithmetic).  We'll try to fetch whatever it is, and if it's a Buffer,
       * convert it into an Integer as best we can.
       *
       * This is a hack.
       */
      if (status == AE_BUFFER_OVERFLOW) {
          if ((buf.Pointer = AcpiOsAllocate(buf.Length)) == NULL) {
              status = AE_NO_MEMORY;
          } else {
              status = AcpiEvaluateObject(handle, path, NULL, &buf);
              if (ACPI_SUCCESS(status))
                  status = acpi_ConvertBufferToInteger(&buf, number);
              AcpiOsFree(buf.Pointer);
          }
      }
      return (status);
  }
  
  ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_ConvertBufferToInteger(ACPI_BUFFER *bufp, UINT32 *number)
  {
      ACPI_OBJECT *p;
      UINT8       *val;
      int         i;
  
      p = (ACPI_OBJECT *)bufp->Pointer;
      if (p->Type == ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER) {
          *number = p->Integer.Value;
          return (AE_OK);
      }
      if (p->Type != ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER)
          return (AE_TYPE);
      if (p->Buffer.Length > sizeof(int))
          return (AE_BAD_DATA);
  
      *number = 0;
      val = p->Buffer.Pointer;
      for (i = 0; i < p->Buffer.Length; i++)
          *number += val[i] << (i * 8);
      return (AE_OK);
  }
  
  /*
   * Iterate over the elements of an a package object, calling the supplied
   * function for each element.
   *
   * XXX possible enhancement might be to abort traversal on error.
   */
  ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_ForeachPackageObject(ACPI_OBJECT *pkg,
          void (*func)(ACPI_OBJECT *comp, void *arg), void *arg)
  {
      ACPI_OBJECT *comp;
      int         i;
  
      if (pkg == NULL || pkg->Type != ACPI_TYPE_PACKAGE)
          return (AE_BAD_PARAMETER);
  
      /* Iterate over components */
      i = 0;
      comp = pkg->Package.Elements;
      for (; i < pkg->Package.Count; i++, comp++)
          func(comp, arg);
  
      return (AE_OK);
  }
  
  /*
   * Find the (index)th resource object in a set.
   */
  ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_FindIndexedResource(ACPI_BUFFER *buf, int index, ACPI_RESOURCE **resp)
  {
      ACPI_RESOURCE       *rp;
      int                 i;
  
      rp = (ACPI_RESOURCE *)buf->Pointer;
      i = index;
      while (i-- > 0) {
          /* Range check */
          if (rp > (ACPI_RESOURCE *)((u_int8_t *)buf->Pointer + buf->Length))
              return (AE_BAD_PARAMETER);
  
          /* Check for terminator */
          if (rp->Id == ACPI_RSTYPE_END_TAG || rp->Length == 0)
              return (AE_NOT_FOUND);
          rp = ACPI_NEXT_RESOURCE(rp);
      }
      if (resp != NULL)
          *resp = rp;
  
      return (AE_OK);
  }
  
  /*
   * Append an ACPI_RESOURCE to an ACPI_BUFFER.
   *
   * Given a pointer to an ACPI_RESOURCE structure, expand the ACPI_BUFFER
   * provided to contain it.  If the ACPI_BUFFER is empty, allocate a sensible
   * backing block.  If the ACPI_RESOURCE is NULL, return an empty set of
   * resources.
   */
  #define ACPI_INITIAL_RESOURCE_BUFFER_SIZE       512
  
  ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_AppendBufferResource(ACPI_BUFFER *buf, ACPI_RESOURCE *res)
  {
      ACPI_RESOURCE       *rp;
      void                *newp;
  
      /* Initialise the buffer if necessary. */
      if (buf->Pointer == NULL) {
          buf->Length = ACPI_INITIAL_RESOURCE_BUFFER_SIZE;
          if ((buf->Pointer = AcpiOsAllocate(buf->Length)) == NULL)
              return (AE_NO_MEMORY);
          rp = (ACPI_RESOURCE *)buf->Pointer;
          rp->Id = ACPI_RSTYPE_END_TAG;
          rp->Length = 0;
      }
      if (res == NULL)
          return (AE_OK);
  
      /*
       * Scan the current buffer looking for the terminator.
       * This will either find the terminator or hit the end
       * of the buffer and return an error.
       */
      rp = (ACPI_RESOURCE *)buf->Pointer;
      for (;;) {
          /* Range check, don't go outside the buffer */
          if (rp >= (ACPI_RESOURCE *)((u_int8_t *)buf->Pointer + buf->Length))
              return (AE_BAD_PARAMETER);
          if (rp->Id == ACPI_RSTYPE_END_TAG || rp->Length == 0)
              break;
          rp = ACPI_NEXT_RESOURCE(rp);
      }
  
      /*
       * Check the size of the buffer and expand if required.
       *
       * Required size is:
       *  size of existing resources before terminator + 
       *  size of new resource and header +
       *  size of terminator.
       *
       * Note that this loop should really only run once, unless
       * for some reason we are stuffing a *really* huge resource.
       */
      while ((((u_int8_t *)rp - (u_int8_t *)buf->Pointer) + 
              res->Length + ACPI_RESOURCE_LENGTH_NO_DATA +
              ACPI_RESOURCE_LENGTH) >= buf->Length) {
          if ((newp = AcpiOsAllocate(buf->Length * 2)) == NULL)
              return (AE_NO_MEMORY);
          bcopy(buf->Pointer, newp, buf->Length);
          rp = (ACPI_RESOURCE *)((u_int8_t *)newp +
                                 ((u_int8_t *)rp - (u_int8_t *)buf->Pointer));
          AcpiOsFree(buf->Pointer);
          buf->Pointer = newp;
          buf->Length += buf->Length;
      }
  
      /* Insert the new resource. */
      bcopy(res, rp, res->Length + ACPI_RESOURCE_LENGTH_NO_DATA);
  
      /* And add the terminator. */
      rp = ACPI_NEXT_RESOURCE(rp);
      rp->Id = ACPI_RSTYPE_END_TAG;
      rp->Length = 0;
  
      return (AE_OK);
  }
  
  /*
   * Set interrupt model.
   */
  ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_SetIntrModel(int model)
  {
  
      return (acpi_SetInteger(ACPI_ROOT_OBJECT, "_PIC", model));
  }
  
  static void
  acpi_sleep_enable(void *arg)
  {
  
      ((struct acpi_softc *)arg)->acpi_sleep_disabled = 0;
  }
  
  enum acpi_sleep_state {
      ACPI_SS_NONE,
      ACPI_SS_GPE_SET,
      ACPI_SS_DEV_SUSPEND,
      ACPI_SS_SLP_PREP,
      ACPI_SS_SLEPT,
  };
  
  /*
   * Set the system sleep state
   *
   * Currently we support S1-S5 but S4 is only S4BIOS
   */
  ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_SetSleepState(struct acpi_softc *sc, int state)
  {
      ACPI_STATUS status;
      UINT8       TypeA;
      UINT8       TypeB;
      enum acpi_sleep_state slp_state;
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE_U32((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__, state);
  
      status = AE_OK;
      ACPI_LOCK(acpi);
      if (sc->acpi_sleep_disabled) {
          if (sc->acpi_sstate != ACPI_STATE_S0)
              status = AE_ERROR;
          ACPI_UNLOCK(acpi);
          printf("acpi: suspend request ignored (not ready yet)\n");
          return (status);
      }
      sc->acpi_sleep_disabled = 1;
      ACPI_UNLOCK(acpi);
  
      /*
       * Be sure to hold Giant across DEVICE_SUSPEND/RESUME since non-MPSAFE
       * drivers need this.
       */
      mtx_lock(&Giant);
      slp_state = ACPI_SS_NONE;
      switch (state) {
      case ACPI_STATE_S1:
      case ACPI_STATE_S2:
      case ACPI_STATE_S3:
      case ACPI_STATE_S4:
          status = AcpiGetSleepTypeData(state, &TypeA, &TypeB);
          if (status == AE_NOT_FOUND) {
              device_printf(sc->acpi_dev,
                            "Sleep state S%d not supported by BIOS\n", state);
              break;
          } else if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
              device_printf(sc->acpi_dev, "AcpiGetSleepTypeData failed - %s\n",
                            AcpiFormatException(status));
              break;
          }
  
          sc->acpi_sstate = state;
  
          /* Enable any GPEs as appropriate and requested by the user. */
          acpi_wake_prep_walk(state);
          slp_state = ACPI_SS_GPE_SET;
  
          /*
           * Inform all devices that we are going to sleep.  If at least one
           * device fails, DEVICE_SUSPEND() automatically resumes the tree.
           *
           * XXX Note that a better two-pass approach with a 'veto' pass
           * followed by a "real thing" pass would be better, but the current
           * bus interface does not provide for this.
           */
          if (DEVICE_SUSPEND(root_bus) != 0) {
              device_printf(sc->acpi_dev, "device_suspend failed\n");
              break;
          }
          slp_state = ACPI_SS_DEV_SUSPEND;
  
          status = AcpiEnterSleepStatePrep(state);
          if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
              device_printf(sc->acpi_dev, "AcpiEnterSleepStatePrep failed - %s\n",
                            AcpiFormatException(status));
              break;
          }
          slp_state = ACPI_SS_SLP_PREP;
  
          if (sc->acpi_sleep_delay > 0)
              DELAY(sc->acpi_sleep_delay * 1000000);
  
          if (state != ACPI_STATE_S1) {
              acpi_sleep_machdep(sc, state);
  
              /* Re-enable ACPI hardware on wakeup from sleep state 4. */
              if (state == ACPI_STATE_S4)
                  AcpiEnable();
          } else {
              ACPI_DISABLE_IRQS();
              status = AcpiEnterSleepState(state);
              if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
                  device_printf(sc->acpi_dev, "AcpiEnterSleepState failed - %s\n",
                                AcpiFormatException(status));
                  break;
              }
          }
          slp_state = ACPI_SS_SLEPT;
          break;
      case ACPI_STATE_S5:
          /*
           * Shut down cleanly and power off.  This will call us back through the
           * shutdown handlers.
           */
          shutdown_nice(RB_POWEROFF);
          break;
      case ACPI_STATE_S0:
      default:
          status = AE_BAD_PARAMETER;
          break;
      }
  
      /*
       * Back out state according to how far along we got in the suspend
       * process.  This handles both the error and success cases.
       */
      if (slp_state >= ACPI_SS_GPE_SET) {
          acpi_wake_prep_walk(state);
          sc->acpi_sstate = ACPI_STATE_S0;
      }
      if (slp_state >= ACPI_SS_SLP_PREP)
          AcpiLeaveSleepState(state);
      if (slp_state >= ACPI_SS_DEV_SUSPEND)
          DEVICE_RESUME(root_bus);
      if (slp_state >= ACPI_SS_SLEPT)
          acpi_enable_fixed_events(sc);
  
      /* Allow another sleep request after a while. */
      if (state != ACPI_STATE_S5)
          timeout(acpi_sleep_enable, (caddr_t)sc, hz * ACPI_MINIMUM_AWAKETIME);
  
      mtx_unlock(&Giant);
      return_ACPI_STATUS (status);
  }
  
  /* Initialize a device's wake GPE. */
  int
  acpi_wake_init(device_t dev, int type)
  {
      struct acpi_prw_data prw;
  
      /* Evaluate _PRW to find the GPE. */
      if (acpi_parse_prw(acpi_get_handle(dev), &prw) != 0)
          return (ENXIO);
  
      /* Set the requested type for the GPE (runtime, wake, or both). */
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(AcpiSetGpeType(prw.gpe_handle, prw.gpe_bit, type))) {
          device_printf(dev, "set GPE type failed\n");
          return (ENXIO);
      }
  
      return (0);
  }
  
  /* Enable or disable the device's wake GPE. */
  int
  acpi_wake_set_enable(device_t dev, int enable)
  {
      struct acpi_prw_data prw;
      ACPI_HANDLE handle;
      ACPI_STATUS status;
      int flags;
  
      /* Make sure the device supports waking the system and get the GPE. */
      handle = acpi_get_handle(dev);
      if (acpi_parse_prw(handle, &prw) != 0)
          return (ENXIO);
  
      flags = acpi_get_flags(dev);
      if (enable) {
          status = AcpiEnableGpe(prw.gpe_handle, prw.gpe_bit, ACPI_NOT_ISR);
          if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
              device_printf(dev, "enable wake failed\n");
              return (ENXIO);
          }
          acpi_set_flags(dev, flags | ACPI_FLAG_WAKE_ENABLED);
      } else {
          status = AcpiDisableGpe(prw.gpe_handle, prw.gpe_bit, ACPI_NOT_ISR);
          if (ACPI_FAILURE(status)) {
              device_printf(dev, "disable wake failed\n");
              return (ENXIO);
          }
          acpi_set_flags(dev, flags & ~ACPI_FLAG_WAKE_ENABLED);
      }
  
      return (0);
  }
  
  static int
  acpi_wake_sleep_prep(ACPI_HANDLE handle, int sstate)
  {
      struct acpi_prw_data prw;
      device_t dev;
  
      /* Check that this is a wake-capable device and get its GPE. */
      if (acpi_parse_prw(handle, &prw) != 0)
          return (ENXIO);
      dev = acpi_get_device(handle);
  
      /*
       * The destination sleep state must be less than (i.e., higher power)
       * or equal to the value specified by _PRW.  If this GPE cannot be
       * enabled for the next sleep state, then disable it.  If it can and
       * the user requested it be enabled, turn on any required power resources
       * and set _PSW.
       */
      if (sstate > prw.lowest_wake) {
          AcpiDisableGpe(prw.gpe_handle, prw.gpe_bit, ACPI_NOT_ISR);
          if (bootverbose)
              device_printf(dev, "wake_prep disabled wake for %s (S%d)\n",
                  acpi_name(handle), sstate);
      } else if (dev && (acpi_get_flags(dev) & ACPI_FLAG_WAKE_ENABLED) != 0) {
          acpi_pwr_wake_enable(handle, 1);
          acpi_SetInteger(handle, "_PSW", 1);
          if (bootverbose)
              device_printf(dev, "wake_prep enabled for %s (S%d)\n",
                  acpi_name(handle), sstate);
      }
  
      return (0);
  }
  
  static int
  acpi_wake_run_prep(ACPI_HANDLE handle, int sstate)
  {
      struct acpi_prw_data prw;
      device_t dev;
  
      /*
       * Check that this is a wake-capable device and get its GPE.  Return
       * now if the user didn't enable this device for wake.
       */
      if (acpi_parse_prw(handle, &prw) != 0)
          return (ENXIO);
      dev = acpi_get_device(handle);
      if (dev == NULL || (acpi_get_flags(dev) & ACPI_FLAG_WAKE_ENABLED) == 0)
          return (0);
  
      /*
       * If this GPE couldn't be enabled for the previous sleep state, it was
       * disabled before going to sleep so re-enable it.  If it was enabled,
       * clear _PSW and turn off any power resources it used.
       */
      if (sstate > prw.lowest_wake) {
          AcpiEnableGpe(prw.gpe_handle, prw.gpe_bit, ACPI_NOT_ISR);
          if (bootverbose)
              device_printf(dev, "run_prep re-enabled %s\n", acpi_name(handle));
      } else {
          acpi_SetInteger(handle, "_PSW", 0);
          acpi_pwr_wake_enable(handle, 0);
          if (bootverbose)
              device_printf(dev, "run_prep cleaned up for %s\n",
                  acpi_name(handle));
      }
  
      return (0);
  }
  
  static ACPI_STATUS
  acpi_wake_prep(ACPI_HANDLE handle, UINT32 level, void *context, void **status)
  {
      int sstate;
  
      /* If suspending, run the sleep prep function, otherwise wake. */
      sstate = *(int *)context;
      if (AcpiGbl_SystemAwakeAndRunning)
          acpi_wake_sleep_prep(handle, sstate);
      else
          acpi_wake_run_prep(handle, sstate);
      return (AE_OK);
  }
  
  /* Walk the tree rooted at acpi0 to prep devices for suspend/resume. */
  static int
  acpi_wake_prep_walk(int sstate)
  {
      ACPI_HANDLE sb_handle;
  
      if (ACPI_SUCCESS(AcpiGetHandle(ACPI_ROOT_OBJECT, "\\_SB_", &sb_handle)))
          AcpiWalkNamespace(ACPI_TYPE_DEVICE, sb_handle, 100,
              acpi_wake_prep, &sstate, NULL);
      return (0);
  }
  
  /* Walk the tree rooted at acpi0 to attach per-device wake sysctls. */
  static int
  acpi_wake_sysctl_walk(device_t dev)
  {
      int error, i, numdevs;
      device_t *devlist;
      device_t child;
      ACPI_STATUS status;
  
      error = device_get_children(dev, &devlist, &numdevs);
      if (error != 0 || numdevs == 0) {
          if (numdevs == 0)
              free(devlist, M_TEMP);
          return (error);
      }
      for (i = 0; i < numdevs; i++) {
          child = devlist[i];
          acpi_wake_sysctl_walk(child);
          if (!device_is_attached(child))
              continue;
          status = AcpiEvaluateObject(acpi_get_handle(child), "_PRW", NULL, NULL);
          if (ACPI_SUCCESS(status)) {
              SYSCTL_ADD_PROC(device_get_sysctl_ctx(child),
                  SYSCTL_CHILDREN(device_get_sysctl_tree(child)), OID_AUTO,
                  "wake", CTLTYPE_INT | CTLFLAG_RW, child, 0,
                  acpi_wake_set_sysctl, "I", "Device set to wake the system");
          }
      }
      free(devlist, M_TEMP);
  
      return (0);
  }
  
  /* Enable or disable wake from userland. */
  static int
  acpi_wake_set_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
  {
      int enable, error;
      device_t dev;
  
      dev = (device_t)arg1;
      enable = (acpi_get_flags(dev) & ACPI_FLAG_WAKE_ENABLED) ? 1 : 0;
  
      error = sysctl_handle_int(oidp, &enable, 0, req);
      if (error != 0 || req->newptr == NULL)
          return (error);
      if (enable != 0 && enable != 1)
          return (EINVAL);
  
      return (acpi_wake_set_enable(dev, enable));
  }
  
  /* Parse a device's _PRW into a structure. */
  int
  acpi_parse_prw(ACPI_HANDLE h, struct acpi_prw_data *prw)
  {
      ACPI_STATUS                 status;
      ACPI_BUFFER                 prw_buffer;
      ACPI_OBJECT                 *res, *res2;
      int                         error, i, power_count;
  
      if (h == NULL || prw == NULL)
          return (EINVAL);
  
      /*
       * The _PRW object (7.2.9) is only required for devices that have the
       * ability to wake the system from a sleeping state.
       */
      error = EINVAL;
      prw_buffer.Pointer = NULL;
      prw_buffer.Length = ACPI_ALLOCATE_BUFFER;
      status = AcpiEvaluateObject(h, "_PRW", NULL, &prw_buffer);
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(status))
          return (ENOENT);
      res = (ACPI_OBJECT *)prw_buffer.Pointer;
      if (res == NULL)
          return (ENOENT);
      if (!ACPI_PKG_VALID(res, 2))
          goto out;
  
      /*
       * Element 1 of the _PRW object:
       * The lowest power system sleeping state that can be entered while still
       * providing wake functionality.  The sleeping state being entered must
       * be less than (i.e., higher power) or equal to this value.
       */
      if (acpi_PkgInt32(res, 1, &prw->lowest_wake) != 0)
          goto out;
  
      /*
       * Element 0 of the _PRW object:
       */
      switch (res->Package.Elements[0].Type) {
      case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
          /*
           * If the data type of this package element is numeric, then this
           * _PRW package element is the bit index in the GPEx_EN, in the
           * GPE blocks described in the FADT, of the enable bit that is
           * enabled for the wake event.
           */
          prw->gpe_handle = NULL;
          prw->gpe_bit = res->Package.Elements[0].Integer.Value;
          error = 0;
          break;
      case ACPI_TYPE_PACKAGE:
          /*
           * If the data type of this package element is a package, then this
           * _PRW package element is itself a package containing two
           * elements.  The first is an object reference to the GPE Block
           * device that contains the GPE that will be triggered by the wake
           * event.  The second element is numeric and it contains the bit
           * index in the GPEx_EN, in the GPE Block referenced by the
           * first element in the package, of the enable bit that is enabled for
           * the wake event.
           *
           * For example, if this field is a package then it is of the form:
           * Package() {\_SB.PCI0.ISA.GPE, 2}
           */
          res2 = &res->Package.Elements[0];
          if (!ACPI_PKG_VALID(res2, 2))
              goto out;
          prw->gpe_handle = acpi_GetReference(NULL, &res2->Package.Elements[0]);
          if (prw->gpe_handle == NULL)
              goto out;
          if (acpi_PkgInt32(res2, 1, &prw->gpe_bit) != 0)
              goto out;
          error = 0;
          break;
      default:
          goto out;
      }
  
      /* Elements 2 to N of the _PRW object are power resources. */
      power_count = res->Package.Count - 2;
      if (power_count > ACPI_PRW_MAX_POWERRES) {
          printf("ACPI device %s has too many power resources\n", acpi_name(h));
          power_count = 0;
      }
      prw->power_res_count = power_count;
      for (i = 0; i < power_count; i++)
          prw->power_res[i] = res->Package.Elements[i];
  
  out:
      if (prw_buffer.Pointer != NULL)
          AcpiOsFree(prw_buffer.Pointer);
      return (error);
  }
  
  /*
   * ACPI Event Handlers
   */
  
  /* System Event Handlers (registered by EVENTHANDLER_REGISTER) */
  
  static void
  acpi_system_eventhandler_sleep(void *arg, int state)
  {
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE_U32((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__, state);
  
      if (state >= ACPI_STATE_S0 && state <= ACPI_S_STATES_MAX)
          acpi_SetSleepState((struct acpi_softc *)arg, state);
  
      return_VOID;
  }
  
  static void
  acpi_system_eventhandler_wakeup(void *arg, int state)
  {
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE_U32((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__, state);
  
      /* Currently, nothing to do for wakeup. */
  
      return_VOID;
  }
  
  /* 
   * ACPICA Event Handlers (FixedEvent, also called from button notify handler)
   */
  UINT32
  acpi_event_power_button_sleep(void *context)
  {
      struct acpi_softc   *sc = (struct acpi_softc *)context;
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
  
      EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(acpi_sleep_event, sc->acpi_power_button_sx);
  
      return_VALUE (ACPI_INTERRUPT_HANDLED);
  }
  
  UINT32
  acpi_event_power_button_wake(void *context)
  {
      struct acpi_softc   *sc = (struct acpi_softc *)context;
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
  
      EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(acpi_wakeup_event, sc->acpi_power_button_sx);
  
      return_VALUE (ACPI_INTERRUPT_HANDLED);
  }
  
  UINT32
  acpi_event_sleep_button_sleep(void *context)
  {
      struct acpi_softc   *sc = (struct acpi_softc *)context;
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
  
      EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(acpi_sleep_event, sc->acpi_sleep_button_sx);
  
      return_VALUE (ACPI_INTERRUPT_HANDLED);
  }
  
  UINT32
  acpi_event_sleep_button_wake(void *context)
  {
      struct acpi_softc   *sc = (struct acpi_softc *)context;
  
      ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE((char *)(uintptr_t)__func__);
  
      EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(acpi_wakeup_event, sc->acpi_sleep_button_sx);
  
      return_VALUE (ACPI_INTERRUPT_HANDLED);
  }
  
  /*
   * XXX This static buffer is suboptimal.  There is no locking so only
   * use this for single-threaded callers.
   */
  char *
  acpi_name(ACPI_HANDLE handle)
  {
      ACPI_BUFFER buf;
      static char data[256];
  
      buf.Length = sizeof(data);
      buf.Pointer = data;
  
      if (handle && ACPI_SUCCESS(AcpiGetName(handle, ACPI_FULL_PATHNAME, &buf)))
          return (data);
      return ("(unknown)");
  }
  
  /*
   * Debugging/bug-avoidance.  Avoid trying to fetch info on various
   * parts of the namespace.
   */
  int
  acpi_avoid(ACPI_HANDLE handle)
  {
      char        *cp, *env, *np;
      int         len;
  
      np = acpi_name(handle);
      if (*np == '\\')
          np++;
      if ((env = getenv("debug.acpi.avoid")) == NULL)
          return (0);
  
      /* Scan the avoid list checking for a match */
      cp = env;
      for (;;) {
          while (*cp != 0 && isspace(*cp))
              cp++;
          if (*cp == 0)
              break;
          len = 0;
          while (cp[len] != 0 && !isspace(cp[len]))
              len++;
          if (!strncmp(cp, np, len)) {
              freeenv(env);
              return(1);
          }
          cp += len;
      }
      freeenv(env);
  
      return (0);
  }
  
  /*
   * Debugging/bug-avoidance.  Disable ACPI subsystem components.
   */
  int
  acpi_disabled(char *subsys)
  {
      char        *cp, *env;
      int         len;
  
      if ((env = getenv("debug.acpi.disabled")) == NULL)
          return (0);
      if (strcmp(env, "all") == 0) {
          freeenv(env);
          return (1);
      }
  
      /* Scan the disable list, checking for a match. */
      cp = env;
      for (;;) {
          while (*cp != '\0' && isspace(*cp))
              cp++;
          if (*cp == '\0')
              break;
          len = 0;
          while (cp[len] != '\0' && !isspace(cp[len]))
              len++;
          if (strncmp(cp, subsys, len) == 0) {
              freeenv(env);
              return (1);
          }
          cp += len;
      }
      freeenv(env);
  
      return (0);
  }
  
  /*
   * Control interface.
   *
   * We multiplex ioctls for all participating ACPI devices here.  Individual 
   * drivers wanting to be accessible via /dev/acpi should use the
   * register/deregister interface to make their handlers visible.
   */
  struct acpi_ioctl_hook
  {
      TAILQ_ENTRY(acpi_ioctl_hook) link;
      u_long                       cmd;
      acpi_ioctl_fn                fn;
      void                         *arg;
  };
  
  static TAILQ_HEAD(,acpi_ioctl_hook)     acpi_ioctl_hooks;
  static int                              acpi_ioctl_hooks_initted;
  
  int
  acpi_register_ioctl(u_long cmd, acpi_ioctl_fn fn, void *arg)
  {
      struct acpi_ioctl_hook      *hp;
  
      if ((hp = malloc(sizeof(*hp), M_ACPIDEV, M_NOWAIT)) == NULL)
          return (ENOMEM);
      hp->cmd = cmd;
      hp->fn = fn;
      hp->arg = arg;
  
      ACPI_LOCK(acpi);
      if (acpi_ioctl_hooks_initted == 0) {
          TAILQ_INIT(&acpi_ioctl_hooks);
          acpi_ioctl_hooks_initted = 1;
      }
      TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&acpi_ioctl_hooks, hp, link);
      ACPI_UNLOCK(acpi);
  
      return (0);
  }
  
  void
  acpi_deregister_ioctl(u_long cmd, acpi_ioctl_fn fn)
  {
      struct acpi_ioctl_hook      *hp;
  
      ACPI_LOCK(acpi);
      TAILQ_FOREACH(hp, &acpi_ioctl_hooks, link)
          if (hp->cmd == cmd && hp->fn == fn)
              break;
  
      if (hp != NULL) {
          TAILQ_REMOVE(&acpi_ioctl_hooks, hp, link);
          free(hp, M_ACPIDEV);
      }
      ACPI_UNLOCK(acpi);
  }
  
  static int
  acpiopen(struct cdev *dev, int flag, int fmt, d_thread_t *td)
  {
      return (0);
  }
  
  static int
  acpiclose(struct cdev *dev, int flag, int fmt, d_thread_t *td)
  {
      return (0);
  }
  
  static int
  acpiioctl(struct cdev *dev, u_long cmd, caddr_t addr, int flag, d_thread_t *td)
  {
      struct acpi_softc           *sc;
      struct acpi_ioctl_hook      *hp;
      int                         error, state;
  
      error = 0;
      hp = NULL;
      sc = dev->si_drv1;
  
      /*
       * Scan the list of registered ioctls, looking for handlers.
       */
      ACPI_LOCK(acpi);
      if (acpi_ioctl_hooks_initted)
          TAILQ_FOREACH(hp, &acpi_ioctl_hooks, link) {
              if (hp->cmd == cmd)
                  break;
          }
      ACPI_UNLOCK(acpi);
      if (hp)
          return (hp->fn(cmd, addr, hp->arg));
  
      /*
       * Core ioctls are not permitted for non-writable user.
       * Currently, other ioctls just fetch information.
       * Not changing system behavior.
       */
      if ((flag & FWRITE) == 0)
          return (EPERM);
  
      /* Core system ioctls. */
      switch (cmd) {
      case ACPIIO_SETSLPSTATE:
          error = EINVAL;
          state = *(int *)addr;
          if (state >= ACPI_STATE_S0 && state <= ACPI_S_STATES_MAX)
              if (ACPI_SUCCESS(acpi_SetSleepState(sc, state)))
                  error = 0;
          break;
      default:
          error = ENXIO;
          break;
      }
  
      return (error);
  }
  
  static int
  acpi_supported_sleep_state_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
  {
      int error;
      struct sbuf sb;
      UINT8 state, TypeA, TypeB;
  
      sbuf_new(&sb, NULL, 32, SBUF_AUTOEXTEND);
      for (state = ACPI_STATE_S1; state < ACPI_S_STATES_MAX + 1; state++)
          if (ACPI_SUCCESS(AcpiGetSleepTypeData(state, &TypeA, &TypeB)))
              sbuf_printf(&sb, "S%d ", state);
      sbuf_trim(&sb);
      sbuf_finish(&sb);
      error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, sbuf_data(&sb), sbuf_len(&sb), req);
      sbuf_delete(&sb);
      return (error);
  }
  
  static int
  acpi_sleep_state_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
  {
      char sleep_state[10];
      int error;
      u_int new_state, old_state;
  
      old_state = *(u_int *)oidp->oid_arg1;
      if (old_state > ACPI_S_STATES_MAX + 1)
          strlcpy(sleep_state, "unknown", sizeof(sleep_state));
      else
          strlcpy(sleep_state, sleep_state_names[old_state], sizeof(sleep_state));
      error = sysctl_handle_string(oidp, sleep_state, sizeof(sleep_state), req);
      if (error == 0 && req->newptr != NULL) {
          new_state = ACPI_STATE_S0;
          for (; new_state <= ACPI_S_STATES_MAX + 1; new_state++)
              if (strcmp(sleep_state, sleep_state_names[new_state]) == 0)
                  break;
          if (new_state <= ACPI_S_STATES_MAX + 1) {
              if (new_state != old_state)
                  *(u_int *)oidp->oid_arg1 = new_state;
          } else
              error = EINVAL;
      }
  
      return (error);
  }
  
  /* Inform devctl(4) when we receive a Notify. */
  void
  acpi_UserNotify(const char *subsystem, ACPI_HANDLE h, uint8_t notify)
  {
      char                notify_buf[16];
      ACPI_BUFFER         handle_buf;
      ACPI_STATUS         status;
  
      if (subsystem == NULL)
          return;
  
      handle_buf.Pointer = NULL;
      handle_buf.Length = ACPI_ALLOCATE_BUFFER;
      status = AcpiNsHandleToPathname(h, &handle_buf);
      if (ACPI_FAILURE(status))
          return;
      snprintf(notify_buf, sizeof(notify_buf), "notify=0x%02x", notify);
      devctl_notify("ACPI", subsystem, handle_buf.Pointer, notify_buf);
      AcpiOsFree(handle_buf.Pointer);
  }
  
  #ifdef ACPI_DEBUG
  /*
   * Support for parsing debug options from the kernel environment.
   *
   * Bits may be set in the AcpiDbgLayer and AcpiDbgLevel debug registers
   * by specifying the names of the bits in the debug.acpi.layer and
   * debug.acpi.level environment variables.  Bits may be unset by 
   * prefixing the bit name with !.
   */
  struct debugtag
  {
      char        *name;
      UINT32      value;
  };
  
  static struct debugtag  dbg_layer[] = {
      {"ACPI_UTILITIES",          ACPI_UTILITIES},
      {"ACPI_HARDWARE",           ACPI_HARDWARE},
      {"ACPI_EVENTS",             ACPI_EVENTS},
      {"ACPI_TABLES",             ACPI_TABLES},
      {"ACPI_NAMESPACE",          ACPI_NAMESPACE},
      {"ACPI_PARSER",             ACPI_PARSER},
      {"ACPI_DISPATCHER",         ACPI_DISPATCHER},
      {"ACPI_EXECUTER",           ACPI_EXECUTER},
      {"ACPI_RESOURCES",          ACPI_RESOURCES},
      {"ACPI_CA_DEBUGGER",        ACPI_CA_DEBUGGER},
      {"ACPI_OS_SERVICES",        ACPI_OS_SERVICES},
      {"ACPI_CA_DISASSEMBLER",    ACPI_CA_DISASSEMBLER},
      {"ACPI_ALL_COMPONENTS",     ACPI_ALL_COMPONENTS},
  
      {"ACPI_AC_ADAPTER",         ACPI_AC_ADAPTER},
      {"ACPI_BATTERY",            ACPI_BATTERY},
      {"ACPI_BUS",                ACPI_BUS},
      {"ACPI_BUTTON",             ACPI_BUTTON},
      {"ACPI_EC",                 ACPI_EC},
      {"ACPI_FAN",                ACPI_FAN},
      {"ACPI_POWERRES",           ACPI_POWERRES},
      {"ACPI_PROCESSOR",          ACPI_PROCESSOR},
      {"ACPI_THERMAL",            ACPI_THERMAL},
      {"ACPI_TIMER",              ACPI_TIMER},
      {"ACPI_ALL_DRIVERS",        ACPI_ALL_DRIVERS},
      {NULL, 0}
  };
  
  static struct debugtag dbg_level[] = {
      {"ACPI_LV_ERROR",           ACPI_LV_ERROR},
      {"ACPI_LV_WARN",            ACPI_LV_WARN},
      {"ACPI_LV_INIT",            ACPI_LV_INIT},
      {"ACPI_LV_DEBUG_OBJECT",    ACPI_LV_DEBUG_OBJECT},
      {"ACPI_LV_INFO",            ACPI_LV_INFO},
      {"ACPI_LV_ALL_EXCEPTIONS",  ACPI_LV_ALL_EXCEPTIONS},
  
      /* Trace verbosity level 1 [Standard Trace Level] */
      {"ACPI_LV_INIT_NAMES",      ACPI_LV_INIT_NAMES},
      {"ACPI_LV_PARSE",           ACPI_LV_PARSE},
      {"ACPI_LV_LOAD",            ACPI_LV_LOAD},
      {"ACPI_LV_DISPATCH",        ACPI_LV_DISPATCH},
      {"ACPI_LV_EXEC",            ACPI_LV_EXEC},
      {"ACPI_LV_NAMES",           ACPI_LV_NAMES},
      {"ACPI_LV_OPREGION",        ACPI_LV_OPREGION},
      {"ACPI_LV_BFIELD",          ACPI_LV_BFIELD},
      {"ACPI_LV_TABLES",          ACPI_LV_TABLES},
      {"ACPI_LV_VALUES",          ACPI_LV_VALUES},
      {"ACPI_LV_OBJECTS",         ACPI_LV_OBJECTS},
      {"ACPI_LV_RESOURCES",       ACPI_LV_RESOURCES},
      {"ACPI_LV_USER_REQUESTS",   ACPI_LV_USER_REQUESTS},
      {"ACPI_LV_PACKAGE",         ACPI_LV_PACKAGE},
      {"ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY1",      ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY1},
  
      /* Trace verbosity level 2 [Function tracing and memory allocation] */
      {"ACPI_LV_ALLOCATIONS",     ACPI_LV_ALLOCATIONS},
      {"ACPI_LV_FUNCTIONS",       ACPI_LV_FUNCTIONS},
      {"ACPI_LV_OPTIMIZATIONS",   ACPI_LV_OPTIMIZATIONS},
      {"ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY2",      ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY2},
      {"ACPI_LV_ALL",             ACPI_LV_ALL},
  
      /* Trace verbosity level 3 [Threading, I/O, and Interrupts] */
      {"ACPI_LV_MUTEX",           ACPI_LV_MUTEX},
      {"ACPI_LV_THREADS",         ACPI_LV_THREADS},
      {"ACPI_LV_IO",              ACPI_LV_IO},
      {"ACPI_LV_INTERRUPTS",      ACPI_LV_INTERRUPTS},
      {"ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY3",      ACPI_LV_VERBOSITY3},
  
      /* Exceptionally verbose output -- also used in the global "DebugLevel"  */
      {"ACPI_LV_AML_DISASSEMBLE", ACPI_LV_AML_DISASSEMBLE},
      {"ACPI_LV_VERBOSE_INFO",    ACPI_LV_VERBOSE_INFO},
      {"ACPI_LV_FULL_TABLES",     ACPI_LV_FULL_TABLES},
      {"ACPI_LV_EVENTS",          ACPI_LV_EVENTS},
      {"ACPI_LV_VERBOSE",         ACPI_LV_VERBOSE},
      {NULL, 0}
  };    
  
  static void
  acpi_parse_debug(char *cp, struct debugtag *tag, UINT32 *flag)
  {
      char        *ep;
      int         i, l;
      int         set;
  
      while (*cp) {
          if (isspace(*cp)) {
              cp++;
              continue;
          }
          ep = cp;
          while (*ep && !isspace(*ep))
              ep++;
          if (*cp == '!') {
              set = 0;
              cp++;
              if (cp == ep)
                  continue;
          } else {
              set = 1;
          }
          l = ep - cp;
          for (i = 0; tag[i].name != NULL; i++) {
              if (!strncmp(cp, tag[i].name, l)) {
                  if (set)
                      *flag |= tag[i].value;
                  else
                      *flag &= ~tag[i].value;
              }
          }
          cp = ep;
      }
  }
  
  static void
  acpi_set_debugging(void *junk)
  {
      char        *layer, *level;
  
      if (cold) {
          AcpiDbgLayer = 0;
          AcpiDbgLevel = 0;
      }
  
      layer = getenv("debug.acpi.layer");
      level = getenv("debug.acpi.level");
      if (layer == NULL && level == NULL)
          return;
  
      printf("ACPI set debug");
      if (layer != NULL) {
          if (strcmp("NONE", layer) != 0)
              printf(" layer '%s'", layer);
          acpi_parse_debug(layer, &dbg_layer[0], &AcpiDbgLayer);
          freeenv(layer);
      }
      if (level != NULL) {
          if (strcmp("NONE", level) != 0)
              printf(" level '%s'", level);
          acpi_parse_debug(level, &dbg_level[0], &AcpiDbgLevel);
          freeenv(level);
      }
      printf("\n");
  }
  
  SYSINIT(acpi_debugging, SI_SUB_TUNABLES, SI_ORDER_ANY, acpi_set_debugging,
          NULL);
  
  static int
  acpi_debug_sysctl(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
  {
      int          error, *dbg;
      struct       debugtag *tag;
      struct       sbuf sb;
  
      if (sbuf_new(&sb, NULL, 128, SBUF_AUTOEXTEND) == NULL)
          return (ENOMEM);
      if (strcmp(oidp->oid_arg1, "debug.acpi.layer") == 0) {
          tag = &dbg_layer[0];
          dbg = &AcpiDbgLayer;
      } else {
          tag = &dbg_level[0];
          dbg = &AcpiDbgLevel;
      }
  
      /* Get old values if this is a get request. */
      ACPI_SERIAL_BEGIN(acpi);
      if (*dbg == 0) {
          sbuf_cpy(&sb, "NONE");
      } else if (req->newptr == NULL) {
          for (; tag->name != NULL; tag++) {
              if ((*dbg & tag->value) == tag->value)
                  sbuf_printf(&sb, "%s ", tag->name);
          }
      }
      sbuf_trim(&sb);
      sbuf_finish(&sb);
  
      /* Copy out the old values to the user. */
      error = SYSCTL_OUT(req, sbuf_data(&sb), sbuf_len(&sb));
      sbuf_delete(&sb);
  
      /* If the user is setting a string, parse it. */
      if (error == 0 && req->newptr != NULL) {
          *dbg = 0;
          setenv((char *)oidp->oid_arg1, (char *)req->newptr);
          acpi_set_debugging(NULL);
      }
      ACPI_SERIAL_END(acpi);
  
      return (error);
  }
  
  SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_acpi, OID_AUTO, layer, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLTYPE_STRING,
              "debug.acpi.layer", 0, acpi_debug_sysctl, "A", "");
  SYSCTL_PROC(_debug_acpi, OID_AUTO, level, CTLFLAG_RW | CTLTYPE_STRING,
              "debug.acpi.level", 0, acpi_debug_sysctl, "A", "");
  #endif /* ACPI_DEBUG */
  
  static int
  acpi_pm_func(u_long cmd, void *arg, ...)
  {
          int     state, acpi_state;
          int     error;
          struct  acpi_softc *sc;
          va_list ap;
  
          error = 0;
          switch (cmd) {
          case POWER_CMD_SUSPEND:
                  sc = (struct acpi_softc *)arg;
                  if (sc == NULL) {
                          error = EINVAL;
                          goto out;
                  }
  
                  va_start(ap, arg);
                  state = va_arg(ap, int);
                  va_end(ap);
  
                  switch (state) {
                  case POWER_SLEEP_STATE_STANDBY:
                          acpi_state = sc->acpi_standby_sx;
                          break;
                  case POWER_SLEEP_STATE_SUSPEND:
                          acpi_state = sc->acpi_suspend_sx;
                          break;
                  case POWER_SLEEP_STATE_HIBERNATE:
                          acpi_state = ACPI_STATE_S4;
                          break;
                  default:
                          error = EINVAL;
                          goto out;
                  }
  
                  acpi_SetSleepState(sc, acpi_state);
                  break;
          default:
                  error = EINVAL;
                  goto out;
          }
  
  out:
          return (error);
  }
  
  static void
  acpi_pm_register(void *arg)
  {
      if (!cold || resource_disabled("acpi", 0))
          return;
  
      power_pm_register(POWER_PM_TYPE_ACPI, acpi_pm_func, NULL);
  }
  
  SYSINIT(power, SI_SUB_KLD, SI_ORDER_ANY, acpi_pm_register, 0);