FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/fs/ext2fs/ext2_alloc.c

     /*-
      *  modified for Lites 1.1
      *
      *  Aug 1995, Godmar Back (gback@cs.utah.edu)
      *  University of Utah, Department of Computer Science
      */
     /*-
      * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
      *
     * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
     *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
     *
     * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     * are met:
     * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
     *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     *    without specific prior written permission.
     *
     * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     * SUCH DAMAGE.
     *
     *      @(#)ffs_alloc.c 8.8 (Berkeley) 2/21/94
     * $FreeBSD: releng/12.0/sys/fs/ext2fs/ext2_alloc.c 338151 2018-08-21 18:39:29Z fsu $
     */
    
    #include <sys/param.h>
    #include <sys/systm.h>
    #include <sys/conf.h>
    #include <sys/vnode.h>
    #include <sys/stat.h>
    #include <sys/mount.h>
    #include <sys/sysctl.h>
    #include <sys/syslog.h>
    #include <sys/buf.h>
    #include <sys/endian.h>
    
    #include <fs/ext2fs/fs.h>
    #include <fs/ext2fs/inode.h>
    #include <fs/ext2fs/ext2_mount.h>
    #include <fs/ext2fs/ext2fs.h>
    #include <fs/ext2fs/ext2_extern.h>
    
    static daddr_t  ext2_alloccg(struct inode *, int, daddr_t, int);
    static daddr_t  ext2_clusteralloc(struct inode *, int, daddr_t, int);
    static u_long   ext2_dirpref(struct inode *);
    static e4fs_daddr_t ext2_hashalloc(struct inode *, int, long, int,
        daddr_t (*)(struct inode *, int, daddr_t, 
                                                    int));
    static daddr_t  ext2_nodealloccg(struct inode *, int, daddr_t, int);
    static daddr_t  ext2_mapsearch(struct m_ext2fs *, char *, daddr_t);
    
    /*
     * Allocate a block in the filesystem.
     *
     * A preference may be optionally specified. If a preference is given
     * the following hierarchy is used to allocate a block:
     *   1) allocate the requested block.
     *   2) allocate a rotationally optimal block in the same cylinder.
     *   3) allocate a block in the same cylinder group.
     *   4) quadradically rehash into other cylinder groups, until an
     *        available block is located.
     * If no block preference is given the following hierarchy is used
     * to allocate a block:
     *   1) allocate a block in the cylinder group that contains the
     *        inode for the file.
     *   2) quadradically rehash into other cylinder groups, until an
     *        available block is located.
     */
    int
    ext2_alloc(struct inode *ip, daddr_t lbn, e4fs_daddr_t bpref, int size,
        struct ucred *cred, e4fs_daddr_t *bnp)
    {
            struct m_ext2fs *fs;
            struct ext2mount *ump;
            e4fs_daddr_t bno;
            int cg;
    
            *bnp = 0;
            fs = ip->i_e2fs;
            ump = ip->i_ump;
            mtx_assert(EXT2_MTX(ump), MA_OWNED);
    #ifdef INVARIANTS
            if ((u_int)size > fs->e2fs_bsize || blkoff(fs, size) != 0) {
                    vn_printf(ip->i_devvp, "bsize = %lu, size = %d, fs = %s\n",
                       (long unsigned int)fs->e2fs_bsize, size, fs->e2fs_fsmnt);
                   panic("ext2_alloc: bad size");
           }
           if (cred == NOCRED)
                   panic("ext2_alloc: missing credential");
   #endif          /* INVARIANTS */
           if (size == fs->e2fs_bsize && fs->e2fs_fbcount == 0)
                   goto nospace;
           if (cred->cr_uid != 0 &&
               fs->e2fs_fbcount < fs->e2fs_rbcount)
                   goto nospace;
           if (bpref >= fs->e2fs_bcount)
                   bpref = 0;
           if (bpref == 0)
                   cg = ino_to_cg(fs, ip->i_number);
           else
                   cg = dtog(fs, bpref);
           bno = (daddr_t)ext2_hashalloc(ip, cg, bpref, fs->e2fs_bsize,
               ext2_alloccg);
           if (bno > 0) {
                   /* set next_alloc fields as done in block_getblk */
                   ip->i_next_alloc_block = lbn;
                   ip->i_next_alloc_goal = bno;
   
                   ip->i_blocks += btodb(fs->e2fs_bsize);
                   ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE;
                   *bnp = bno;
                   return (0);
           }
   nospace:
           EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
           ext2_fserr(fs, cred->cr_uid, "filesystem full");
           uprintf("\n%s: write failed, filesystem is full\n", fs->e2fs_fsmnt);
           return (ENOSPC);
   }
   
   /*
    * Allocate EA's block for inode.
    */
   e4fs_daddr_t
   ext2_alloc_meta(struct inode *ip)
   {
           struct m_ext2fs *fs;
           daddr_t blk;
   
           fs = ip->i_e2fs;
   
           EXT2_LOCK(ip->i_ump);
           blk = ext2_hashalloc(ip, ino_to_cg(fs, ip->i_number), 0, fs->e2fs_bsize,
               ext2_alloccg);
           if (0 == blk)
                   EXT2_UNLOCK(ip->i_ump);
   
           return (blk);
   }
   
   /*
    * Reallocate a sequence of blocks into a contiguous sequence of blocks.
    *
    * The vnode and an array of buffer pointers for a range of sequential
    * logical blocks to be made contiguous is given. The allocator attempts
    * to find a range of sequential blocks starting as close as possible to
    * an fs_rotdelay offset from the end of the allocation for the logical
    * block immediately preceding the current range. If successful, the
    * physical block numbers in the buffer pointers and in the inode are
    * changed to reflect the new allocation. If unsuccessful, the allocation
    * is left unchanged. The success in doing the reallocation is returned.
    * Note that the error return is not reflected back to the user. Rather
    * the previous block allocation will be used.
    */
   
   static SYSCTL_NODE(_vfs, OID_AUTO, ext2fs, CTLFLAG_RW, 0, "EXT2FS filesystem");
   
   static int doasyncfree = 1;
   
   SYSCTL_INT(_vfs_ext2fs, OID_AUTO, doasyncfree, CTLFLAG_RW, &doasyncfree, 0,
       "Use asychronous writes to update block pointers when freeing blocks");
   
   static int doreallocblks = 0;
   
   SYSCTL_INT(_vfs_ext2fs, OID_AUTO, doreallocblks, CTLFLAG_RW, &doreallocblks, 0, "");
   
   int
   ext2_reallocblks(struct vop_reallocblks_args *ap)
   {
           struct m_ext2fs *fs;
           struct inode *ip;
           struct vnode *vp;
           struct buf *sbp, *ebp;
           uint32_t *bap, *sbap, *ebap;
           struct ext2mount *ump;
           struct cluster_save *buflist;
           struct indir start_ap[EXT2_NIADDR + 1], end_ap[EXT2_NIADDR + 1], *idp;
           e2fs_lbn_t start_lbn, end_lbn;
           int soff;
           e2fs_daddr_t newblk, blkno;
           int i, len, start_lvl, end_lvl, pref, ssize;
   
           if (doreallocblks == 0)
                   return (ENOSPC);
   
           vp = ap->a_vp;
           ip = VTOI(vp);
           fs = ip->i_e2fs;
           ump = ip->i_ump;
   
           if (fs->e2fs_contigsumsize <= 0 || ip->i_flag & IN_E4EXTENTS)
                   return (ENOSPC);
   
           buflist = ap->a_buflist;
           len = buflist->bs_nchildren;
           start_lbn = buflist->bs_children[0]->b_lblkno;
           end_lbn = start_lbn + len - 1;
   #ifdef INVARIANTS
           for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
                   if (buflist->bs_children[i]->b_lblkno != start_lbn + i)
                           panic("ext2_reallocblks: non-cluster");
   #endif
           /*
            * If the cluster crosses the boundary for the first indirect
            * block, leave space for the indirect block. Indirect blocks
            * are initially laid out in a position after the last direct
            * block. Block reallocation would usually destroy locality by
            * moving the indirect block out of the way to make room for
            * data blocks if we didn't compensate here. We should also do
            * this for other indirect block boundaries, but it is only
            * important for the first one.
            */
           if (start_lbn < EXT2_NDADDR && end_lbn >= EXT2_NDADDR)
                   return (ENOSPC);
           /*
            * If the latest allocation is in a new cylinder group, assume that
            * the filesystem has decided to move and do not force it back to
            * the previous cylinder group.
            */
           if (dtog(fs, dbtofsb(fs, buflist->bs_children[0]->b_blkno)) !=
               dtog(fs, dbtofsb(fs, buflist->bs_children[len - 1]->b_blkno)))
                   return (ENOSPC);
           if (ext2_getlbns(vp, start_lbn, start_ap, &start_lvl) ||
               ext2_getlbns(vp, end_lbn, end_ap, &end_lvl))
                   return (ENOSPC);
           /*
            * Get the starting offset and block map for the first block.
            */
           if (start_lvl == 0) {
                   sbap = &ip->i_db[0];
                   soff = start_lbn;
           } else {
                   idp = &start_ap[start_lvl - 1];
                   if (bread(vp, idp->in_lbn, (int)fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, &sbp)) {
                           brelse(sbp);
                           return (ENOSPC);
                   }
                   sbap = (u_int *)sbp->b_data;
                   soff = idp->in_off;
           }
           /*
            * If the block range spans two block maps, get the second map.
            */
           ebap = NULL;
           if (end_lvl == 0 || (idp = &end_ap[end_lvl - 1])->in_off + 1 >= len) {
                   ssize = len;
           } else {
   #ifdef INVARIANTS
                   if (start_ap[start_lvl - 1].in_lbn == idp->in_lbn)
                           panic("ext2_reallocblks: start == end");
   #endif
                   ssize = len - (idp->in_off + 1);
                   if (bread(vp, idp->in_lbn, (int)fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, &ebp))
                           goto fail;
                   ebap = (u_int *)ebp->b_data;
           }
           /*
            * Find the preferred location for the cluster.
            */
           EXT2_LOCK(ump);
           pref = ext2_blkpref(ip, start_lbn, soff, sbap, 0);
           /*
            * Search the block map looking for an allocation of the desired size.
            */
           if ((newblk = (e2fs_daddr_t)ext2_hashalloc(ip, dtog(fs, pref), pref,
               len, ext2_clusteralloc)) == 0) {
                   EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
                   goto fail;
           }
           /*
            * We have found a new contiguous block.
            *
            * First we have to replace the old block pointers with the new
            * block pointers in the inode and indirect blocks associated
            * with the file.
            */
   #ifdef DEBUG
           printf("realloc: ino %ju, lbns %jd-%jd\n\told:",
               (uintmax_t)ip->i_number, (intmax_t)start_lbn, (intmax_t)end_lbn);
   #endif  /* DEBUG */
           blkno = newblk;
           for (bap = &sbap[soff], i = 0; i < len; i++, blkno += fs->e2fs_fpb) {
                   if (i == ssize) {
                           bap = ebap;
                           soff = -i;
                   }
   #ifdef INVARIANTS
                   if (buflist->bs_children[i]->b_blkno != fsbtodb(fs, *bap))
                           panic("ext2_reallocblks: alloc mismatch");
   #endif
   #ifdef DEBUG
                   printf(" %d,", *bap);
   #endif  /* DEBUG */
                   *bap++ = blkno;
           }
           /*
            * Next we must write out the modified inode and indirect blocks.
            * For strict correctness, the writes should be synchronous since
            * the old block values may have been written to disk. In practise
            * they are almost never written, but if we are concerned about
            * strict correctness, the `doasyncfree' flag should be set to zero.
            *
            * The test on `doasyncfree' should be changed to test a flag
            * that shows whether the associated buffers and inodes have
            * been written. The flag should be set when the cluster is
            * started and cleared whenever the buffer or inode is flushed.
            * We can then check below to see if it is set, and do the
            * synchronous write only when it has been cleared.
            */
           if (sbap != &ip->i_db[0]) {
                   if (doasyncfree)
                           bdwrite(sbp);
                   else
                           bwrite(sbp);
           } else {
                   ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE;
                   if (!doasyncfree)
                           ext2_update(vp, 1);
           }
           if (ssize < len) {
                   if (doasyncfree)
                           bdwrite(ebp);
                   else
                           bwrite(ebp);
           }
           /*
            * Last, free the old blocks and assign the new blocks to the buffers.
            */
   #ifdef DEBUG
           printf("\n\tnew:");
   #endif  /* DEBUG */
           for (blkno = newblk, i = 0; i < len; i++, blkno += fs->e2fs_fpb) {
                   ext2_blkfree(ip, dbtofsb(fs, buflist->bs_children[i]->b_blkno),
                       fs->e2fs_bsize);
                   buflist->bs_children[i]->b_blkno = fsbtodb(fs, blkno);
   #ifdef DEBUG
                   printf(" %d,", blkno);
   #endif  /* DEBUG */
           }
   #ifdef DEBUG
           printf("\n");
   #endif  /* DEBUG */
           return (0);
   
   fail:
           if (ssize < len)
                   brelse(ebp);
           if (sbap != &ip->i_db[0])
                   brelse(sbp);
           return (ENOSPC);
   }
   
   /*
    * Allocate an inode in the filesystem.
    *
    */
   int
   ext2_valloc(struct vnode *pvp, int mode, struct ucred *cred, struct vnode **vpp)
   {
           struct timespec ts;
           struct inode *pip;
           struct m_ext2fs *fs;
           struct inode *ip;
           struct ext2mount *ump;
           ino_t ino, ipref;
           int error, cg;
   
           *vpp = NULL;
           pip = VTOI(pvp);
           fs = pip->i_e2fs;
           ump = pip->i_ump;
   
           EXT2_LOCK(ump);
           if (fs->e2fs->e2fs_ficount == 0)
                   goto noinodes;
           /*
            * If it is a directory then obtain a cylinder group based on
            * ext2_dirpref else obtain it using ino_to_cg. The preferred inode is
            * always the next inode.
            */
           if ((mode & IFMT) == IFDIR) {
                   cg = ext2_dirpref(pip);
                   if (fs->e2fs_contigdirs[cg] < 255)
                           fs->e2fs_contigdirs[cg]++;
           } else {
                   cg = ino_to_cg(fs, pip->i_number);
                   if (fs->e2fs_contigdirs[cg] > 0)
                           fs->e2fs_contigdirs[cg]--;
           }
           ipref = cg * fs->e2fs->e2fs_ipg + 1;
           ino = (ino_t)ext2_hashalloc(pip, cg, (long)ipref, mode, ext2_nodealloccg);
   
           if (ino == 0)
                   goto noinodes;
           error = VFS_VGET(pvp->v_mount, ino, LK_EXCLUSIVE, vpp);
           if (error) {
                   ext2_vfree(pvp, ino, mode);
                   return (error);
           }
           ip = VTOI(*vpp);
   
           /*
            * The question is whether using VGET was such good idea at all:
            * Linux doesn't read the old inode in when it is allocating a
            * new one. I will set at least i_size and i_blocks to zero.
            */
           ip->i_flag = 0;
           ip->i_size = 0;
           ip->i_blocks = 0;
           ip->i_mode = 0;
           ip->i_flags = 0;
           if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_INCOMPAT_EXTENTS)
               && (S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISDIR(mode)))
                   ext4_ext_tree_init(ip);
           else
                   memset(ip->i_data, 0, sizeof(ip->i_data));
           
   
           /*
            * Set up a new generation number for this inode.
            * Avoid zero values.
            */
           do {
                   ip->i_gen = arc4random();
           } while (ip->i_gen == 0);
   
           vfs_timestamp(&ts);
           ip->i_birthtime = ts.tv_sec;
           ip->i_birthnsec = ts.tv_nsec;
   
   /*
   printf("ext2_valloc: allocated inode %d\n", ino);
   */
           return (0);
   noinodes:
           EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
           ext2_fserr(fs, cred->cr_uid, "out of inodes");
           uprintf("\n%s: create/symlink failed, no inodes free\n", fs->e2fs_fsmnt);
           return (ENOSPC);
   }
   
   /*
    * 64-bit compatible getters and setters for struct ext2_gd from ext2fs.h
    */
   static uint64_t
   e2fs_gd_get_b_bitmap(struct ext2_gd *gd)
   {
   
           return (((uint64_t)(gd->ext4bgd_b_bitmap_hi) << 32) |
               gd->ext2bgd_b_bitmap);
   }
   
   static uint64_t
   e2fs_gd_get_i_bitmap(struct ext2_gd *gd)
   {
   
           return (((uint64_t)(gd->ext4bgd_i_bitmap_hi) << 32) |
               gd->ext2bgd_i_bitmap);
   }
   
   uint64_t
   e2fs_gd_get_i_tables(struct ext2_gd *gd)
   {
   
           return (((uint64_t)(gd->ext4bgd_i_tables_hi) << 32) |
               gd->ext2bgd_i_tables);
   }
   
   static uint32_t
   e2fs_gd_get_nbfree(struct ext2_gd *gd)
   {
   
           return (((uint32_t)(gd->ext4bgd_nbfree_hi) << 16) |
               gd->ext2bgd_nbfree);
   }
   
   static void
   e2fs_gd_set_nbfree(struct ext2_gd *gd, uint32_t val)
   {
   
           gd->ext2bgd_nbfree = val & 0xffff;
           gd->ext4bgd_nbfree_hi = val >> 16;
   }
   
   static uint32_t
   e2fs_gd_get_nifree(struct ext2_gd *gd)
   {
   
           return (((uint32_t)(gd->ext4bgd_nifree_hi) << 16) |
               gd->ext2bgd_nifree);
   }
   
   static void
   e2fs_gd_set_nifree(struct ext2_gd *gd, uint32_t val)
   {
   
           gd->ext2bgd_nifree = val & 0xffff;
           gd->ext4bgd_nifree_hi = val >> 16;
   }
   
   uint32_t
   e2fs_gd_get_ndirs(struct ext2_gd *gd)
   {
   
           return (((uint32_t)(gd->ext4bgd_ndirs_hi) << 16) |
               gd->ext2bgd_ndirs);
   }
   
   static void
   e2fs_gd_set_ndirs(struct ext2_gd *gd, uint32_t val)
   {
   
           gd->ext2bgd_ndirs = val & 0xffff;
           gd->ext4bgd_ndirs_hi = val >> 16;
   }
   
   static uint32_t
   e2fs_gd_get_i_unused(struct ext2_gd *gd)
   {
           return (((uint32_t)(gd->ext4bgd_i_unused_hi) << 16) |
               gd->ext4bgd_i_unused);
   }
   
   static void
   e2fs_gd_set_i_unused(struct ext2_gd *gd, uint32_t val)
   {
   
           gd->ext4bgd_i_unused = val & 0xffff;
           gd->ext4bgd_i_unused_hi = val >> 16;
   }
   
   /*
    * Find a cylinder to place a directory.
    *
    * The policy implemented by this algorithm is to allocate a
    * directory inode in the same cylinder group as its parent
    * directory, but also to reserve space for its files inodes
    * and data. Restrict the number of directories which may be
    * allocated one after another in the same cylinder group
    * without intervening allocation of files.
    *
    * If we allocate a first level directory then force allocation
    * in another cylinder group.
    *
    */
   static u_long
   ext2_dirpref(struct inode *pip)
   {
           struct m_ext2fs *fs;
           int cg, prefcg, cgsize;
           uint64_t avgbfree, minbfree;
           u_int avgifree, avgndir, curdirsize;
           u_int minifree, maxndir;
           u_int mincg, minndir;
           u_int dirsize, maxcontigdirs;
   
           mtx_assert(EXT2_MTX(pip->i_ump), MA_OWNED);
           fs = pip->i_e2fs;
   
           avgifree = fs->e2fs->e2fs_ficount / fs->e2fs_gcount;
           avgbfree = fs->e2fs_fbcount / fs->e2fs_gcount;
           avgndir = fs->e2fs_total_dir / fs->e2fs_gcount;
   
           /*
            * Force allocation in another cg if creating a first level dir.
            */
           ASSERT_VOP_LOCKED(ITOV(pip), "ext2fs_dirpref");
           if (ITOV(pip)->v_vflag & VV_ROOT) {
                   prefcg = arc4random() % fs->e2fs_gcount;
                   mincg = prefcg;
                   minndir = fs->e2fs_ipg;
                   for (cg = prefcg; cg < fs->e2fs_gcount; cg++)
                           if (e2fs_gd_get_ndirs(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) < minndir &&
                               e2fs_gd_get_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) >= avgifree &&
                               e2fs_gd_get_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) >= avgbfree) {
                                   mincg = cg;
                                   minndir = e2fs_gd_get_ndirs(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]);
                           }
                   for (cg = 0; cg < prefcg; cg++)
                           if (e2fs_gd_get_ndirs(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) < minndir &&
                               e2fs_gd_get_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) >= avgifree &&
                               e2fs_gd_get_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) >= avgbfree) {
                                   mincg = cg;
                                   minndir = e2fs_gd_get_ndirs(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]);
                           }
                   return (mincg);
           }
           /*
            * Count various limits which used for
            * optimal allocation of a directory inode.
            */
           maxndir = min(avgndir + fs->e2fs_ipg / 16, fs->e2fs_ipg);
           minifree = avgifree - avgifree / 4;
           if (minifree < 1)
                   minifree = 1;
           minbfree = avgbfree - avgbfree / 4;
           if (minbfree < 1)
                   minbfree = 1;
           cgsize = fs->e2fs_fsize * fs->e2fs_fpg;
           dirsize = AVGDIRSIZE;
           curdirsize = avgndir ? (cgsize - avgbfree * fs->e2fs_bsize) / avgndir : 0;
           if (dirsize < curdirsize)
                   dirsize = curdirsize;
           maxcontigdirs = min((avgbfree * fs->e2fs_bsize) / dirsize, 255);
           maxcontigdirs = min(maxcontigdirs, fs->e2fs_ipg / AFPDIR);
           if (maxcontigdirs == 0)
                   maxcontigdirs = 1;
   
           /*
            * Limit number of dirs in one cg and reserve space for
            * regular files, but only if we have no deficit in
            * inodes or space.
            */
           prefcg = ino_to_cg(fs, pip->i_number);
           for (cg = prefcg; cg < fs->e2fs_gcount; cg++)
                   if (e2fs_gd_get_ndirs(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) < maxndir &&
                       e2fs_gd_get_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) >= minifree &&
                       e2fs_gd_get_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) >= minbfree) {
                           if (fs->e2fs_contigdirs[cg] < maxcontigdirs)
                                   return (cg);
                   }
           for (cg = 0; cg < prefcg; cg++)
                   if (e2fs_gd_get_ndirs(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) < maxndir &&
                       e2fs_gd_get_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) >= minifree &&
                       e2fs_gd_get_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) >= minbfree) {
                           if (fs->e2fs_contigdirs[cg] < maxcontigdirs)
                                   return (cg);
                   }
           /*
            * This is a backstop when we have deficit in space.
            */
           for (cg = prefcg; cg < fs->e2fs_gcount; cg++)
                   if (e2fs_gd_get_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) >= avgifree)
                           return (cg);
           for (cg = 0; cg < prefcg; cg++)
                   if (e2fs_gd_get_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) >= avgifree)
                           break;
           return (cg);
   }
   
   /*
    * Select the desired position for the next block in a file.
    *
    * we try to mimic what Remy does in inode_getblk/block_getblk
    *
    * we note: blocknr == 0 means that we're about to allocate either
    * a direct block or a pointer block at the first level of indirection
    * (In other words, stuff that will go in i_db[] or i_ib[])
    *
    * blocknr != 0 means that we're allocating a block that is none
    * of the above. Then, blocknr tells us the number of the block
    * that will hold the pointer
    */
   e4fs_daddr_t
   ext2_blkpref(struct inode *ip, e2fs_lbn_t lbn, int indx, e2fs_daddr_t *bap,
       e2fs_daddr_t blocknr)
   {
           struct m_ext2fs *fs;
           int tmp;
   
           fs = ip->i_e2fs;
   
           mtx_assert(EXT2_MTX(ip->i_ump), MA_OWNED);
   
           /*
            * If the next block is actually what we thought it is, then set the
            * goal to what we thought it should be.
            */
           if (ip->i_next_alloc_block == lbn && ip->i_next_alloc_goal != 0)
                   return ip->i_next_alloc_goal;
   
           /*
            * Now check whether we were provided with an array that basically
            * tells us previous blocks to which we want to stay close.
            */
           if (bap)
                   for (tmp = indx - 1; tmp >= 0; tmp--)
                           if (bap[tmp])
                                   return bap[tmp];
   
           /*
            * Else lets fall back to the blocknr or, if there is none, follow
            * the rule that a block should be allocated near its inode.
            */
           return (blocknr ? blocknr :
               (e2fs_daddr_t)(ip->i_block_group *
               EXT2_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(fs)) + fs->e2fs->e2fs_first_dblock);
   }
   
   /*
    * Implement the cylinder overflow algorithm.
    *
    * The policy implemented by this algorithm is:
    *   1) allocate the block in its requested cylinder group.
    *   2) quadradically rehash on the cylinder group number.
    *   3) brute force search for a free block.
    */
   static e4fs_daddr_t
   ext2_hashalloc(struct inode *ip, int cg, long pref, int size,
       daddr_t (*allocator) (struct inode *, int, daddr_t, int))
   {
           struct m_ext2fs *fs;
           e4fs_daddr_t result;
           int i, icg = cg;
   
           mtx_assert(EXT2_MTX(ip->i_ump), MA_OWNED);
           fs = ip->i_e2fs;
           /*
            * 1: preferred cylinder group
            */
           result = (*allocator)(ip, cg, pref, size);
           if (result)
                   return (result);
           /*
            * 2: quadratic rehash
            */
           for (i = 1; i < fs->e2fs_gcount; i *= 2) {
                   cg += i;
                   if (cg >= fs->e2fs_gcount)
                           cg -= fs->e2fs_gcount;
                   result = (*allocator)(ip, cg, 0, size);
                   if (result)
                           return (result);
           }
           /*
            * 3: brute force search
            * Note that we start at i == 2, since 0 was checked initially,
            * and 1 is always checked in the quadratic rehash.
            */
           cg = (icg + 2) % fs->e2fs_gcount;
           for (i = 2; i < fs->e2fs_gcount; i++) {
                   result = (*allocator)(ip, cg, 0, size);
                   if (result)
                           return (result);
                   cg++;
                   if (cg == fs->e2fs_gcount)
                           cg = 0;
           }
           return (0);
   }
   
   static unsigned long
   ext2_cg_number_gdb_nometa(struct m_ext2fs *fs, int cg)
   {
   
           if (!ext2_cg_has_sb(fs, cg))
                   return (0);
   
           if (EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_INCOMPAT_META_BG))
                   return (fs->e2fs->e3fs_first_meta_bg);
   
           return ((fs->e2fs_gcount + EXT2_DESCS_PER_BLOCK(fs) - 1) /
               EXT2_DESCS_PER_BLOCK(fs));
   }
   
   static unsigned long
   ext2_cg_number_gdb_meta(struct m_ext2fs *fs, int cg)
   {
           unsigned long metagroup;
           int first, last;
   
           metagroup = cg / EXT2_DESCS_PER_BLOCK(fs);
           first = metagroup * EXT2_DESCS_PER_BLOCK(fs);
           last = first + EXT2_DESCS_PER_BLOCK(fs) - 1;
   
           if (cg == first || cg == first + 1 || cg == last)
                   return (1);
   
           return (0);
   }
   
   static unsigned long
   ext2_cg_number_gdb(struct m_ext2fs *fs, int cg)
   {
           unsigned long first_meta_bg, metagroup;
   
           first_meta_bg = fs->e2fs->e3fs_first_meta_bg;
           metagroup = cg / EXT2_DESCS_PER_BLOCK(fs);
   
           if (!EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_INCOMPAT_META_BG) ||
               metagroup < first_meta_bg)
                   return (ext2_cg_number_gdb_nometa(fs, cg));
   
           return ext2_cg_number_gdb_meta(fs, cg);
   }
   
   static int
   ext2_number_base_meta_blocks(struct m_ext2fs *fs, int cg)
   {
           int number;
   
           number = ext2_cg_has_sb(fs, cg);
   
           if (!EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_INCOMPAT_META_BG) ||
               cg < fs->e2fs->e3fs_first_meta_bg * EXT2_DESCS_PER_BLOCK(fs)) {
                   if (number) {
                           number += ext2_cg_number_gdb(fs, cg);
                           number += fs->e2fs->e2fs_reserved_ngdb;
                   }
           } else {
                   number += ext2_cg_number_gdb(fs, cg);
           }
   
           return (number);
   }
   
   static void
   ext2_mark_bitmap_end(int start_bit, int end_bit, char *bitmap)
   {
           int i;
   
           if (start_bit >= end_bit)
                   return;
   
           for (i = start_bit; i < ((start_bit + 7) & ~7UL); i++)
                   setbit(bitmap, i);
           if (i < end_bit)
                   memset(bitmap + (i >> 3), 0xff, (end_bit - i) >> 3);
   }
   
   static int
   ext2_get_group_number(struct m_ext2fs *fs, e4fs_daddr_t block)
   {
   
           return ((block - fs->e2fs->e2fs_first_dblock) / fs->e2fs_bsize);
   }
   
   static int
   ext2_block_in_group(struct m_ext2fs *fs, e4fs_daddr_t block, int cg)
   {
   
           return ((ext2_get_group_number(fs, block) == cg) ? 1 : 0);
   }
   
   static int
   ext2_cg_block_bitmap_init(struct m_ext2fs *fs, int cg, struct buf *bp)
   {
           int bit, bit_max, inodes_per_block;
           uint64_t start, tmp;
   
           if (!(fs->e2fs_gd[cg].ext4bgd_flags & EXT2_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT))
                   return (0);
   
           memset(bp->b_data, 0, fs->e2fs_bsize);
   
           bit_max = ext2_number_base_meta_blocks(fs, cg);
           if ((bit_max >> 3) >= fs->e2fs_bsize)
                   return (EINVAL);
   
           for (bit = 0; bit < bit_max; bit++)
                   setbit(bp->b_data, bit);
   
           start = (uint64_t)cg * fs->e2fs->e2fs_bpg + fs->e2fs->e2fs_first_dblock;
   
           /* Set bits for block and inode bitmaps, and inode table. */
           tmp = e2fs_gd_get_b_bitmap(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]);
           if (!EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_INCOMPAT_FLEX_BG) ||
               ext2_block_in_group(fs, tmp, cg))
                   setbit(bp->b_data, tmp - start);
   
           tmp = e2fs_gd_get_i_bitmap(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]);
           if (!EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_INCOMPAT_FLEX_BG) ||
               ext2_block_in_group(fs, tmp, cg))
                   setbit(bp->b_data, tmp - start);
   
           tmp = e2fs_gd_get_i_tables(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]);
           inodes_per_block = fs->e2fs_bsize/EXT2_INODE_SIZE(fs);
           while( tmp < e2fs_gd_get_i_tables(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) +
               fs->e2fs->e2fs_ipg / inodes_per_block ) {
                   if (!EXT2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_INCOMPAT_FLEX_BG) ||
                       ext2_block_in_group(fs, tmp, cg))
                           setbit(bp->b_data, tmp - start);
                   tmp++;
           }
   
           /*
            * Also if the number of blocks within the group is less than
            * the blocksize * 8 ( which is the size of bitmap ), set rest
            * of the block bitmap to 1
            */
           ext2_mark_bitmap_end(fs->e2fs->e2fs_bpg, fs->e2fs_bsize * 8,
               bp->b_data);
   
           /* Clean the flag */
           fs->e2fs_gd[cg].ext4bgd_flags &= ~EXT2_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT;
   
           return (0);
   }
   
   /*
    * Determine whether a block can be allocated.
    *
    * Check to see if a block of the appropriate size is available,
    * and if it is, allocate it.
    */
   static daddr_t
   ext2_alloccg(struct inode *ip, int cg, daddr_t bpref, int size)
   {
           struct m_ext2fs *fs;
           struct buf *bp;
           struct ext2mount *ump;
           daddr_t bno, runstart, runlen;
           int bit, loc, end, error, start;
           char *bbp;
           /* XXX ondisk32 */
           fs = ip->i_e2fs;
           ump = ip->i_ump;
           if (e2fs_gd_get_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) == 0)
                   return (0);
           EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
           error = bread(ip->i_devvp, fsbtodb(fs,
               e2fs_gd_get_b_bitmap(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg])),
               (int)fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, &bp);
           if (error) {
                   brelse(bp);
                   EXT2_LOCK(ump);
                   return (0);
           }
           if (EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_ROCOMPAT_GDT_CSUM) ||
               EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_ROCOMPAT_METADATA_CKSUM)) {
                   error = ext2_cg_block_bitmap_init(fs, cg, bp);
                   if (error) {
                           brelse(bp);
                           EXT2_LOCK(ump);
                           return (0);
                   }
                   ext2_gd_b_bitmap_csum_set(fs, cg, bp);
           }
           error = ext2_gd_b_bitmap_csum_verify(fs, cg, bp);
           if (error) {
                   brelse(bp);
                   EXT2_LOCK(ump);
                   return (0);
           }
           if (e2fs_gd_get_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) == 0) {
                   /*
                    * Another thread allocated the last block in this
                    * group while we were waiting for the buffer.
                    */
                   brelse(bp);
                   EXT2_LOCK(ump);
                   return (0);
           }
           bbp = (char *)bp->b_data;
   
           if (dtog(fs, bpref) != cg)
                   bpref = 0;
           if (bpref != 0) {
                   bpref = dtogd(fs, bpref);
                   /*
                    * if the requested block is available, use it
                    */
                   if (isclr(bbp, bpref)) {
                           bno = bpref;
                           goto gotit;
                   }
           }
           /*
            * no blocks in the requested cylinder, so take next
            * available one in this cylinder group.
            * first try to get 8 contigous blocks, then fall back to a single
            * block.
            */
           if (bpref)
                   start = dtogd(fs, bpref) / NBBY;
           else
                   start = 0;
           end = howmany(fs->e2fs->e2fs_fpg, NBBY) - start;
   retry:
           runlen = 0;
           runstart = 0;
           for (loc = start; loc < end; loc++) {
                   if (bbp[loc] == (char)0xff) {
                           runlen = 0;
                           continue;
                   }
   
                   /* Start of a run, find the number of high clear bits. */
                   if (runlen == 0) {
                           bit = fls(bbp[loc]);
                           runlen = NBBY - bit;
                           runstart = loc * NBBY + bit;
                   } else if (bbp[loc] == 0) {
                           /* Continue a run. */
                          runlen += NBBY;
                  } else {
                          /*
                           * Finish the current run.  If it isn't long
                           * enough, start a new one.
                           */
                          bit = ffs(bbp[loc]) - 1;
                          runlen += bit;
                          if (runlen >= 8) {
                                  bno = runstart;
                                  goto gotit;
                          }
  
                          /* Run was too short, start a new one. */
                          bit = fls(bbp[loc]);
                          runlen = NBBY - bit;
                          runstart = loc * NBBY + bit;
                  }
  
                  /* If the current run is long enough, use it. */
                  if (runlen >= 8) {
                          bno = runstart;
                          goto gotit;
                  }
          }
          if (start != 0) {
                  end = start;
                  start = 0;
                  goto retry;
          }
          bno = ext2_mapsearch(fs, bbp, bpref);
          if (bno < 0) {
                  brelse(bp);
                  EXT2_LOCK(ump);
                  return (0);
          }
  gotit:
  #ifdef INVARIANTS
          if (isset(bbp, bno)) {
                  printf("ext2fs_alloccgblk: cg=%d bno=%jd fs=%s\n",
                      cg, (intmax_t)bno, fs->e2fs_fsmnt);
                  panic("ext2fs_alloccg: dup alloc");
          }
  #endif
          setbit(bbp, bno);
          EXT2_LOCK(ump);
          ext2_clusteracct(fs, bbp, cg, bno, -1);
          fs->e2fs_fbcount--;
          e2fs_gd_set_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg],
              e2fs_gd_get_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) - 1);
          fs->e2fs_fmod = 1;
          EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
          ext2_gd_b_bitmap_csum_set(fs, cg, bp);
          bdwrite(bp);
          return (((uint64_t)cg) * fs->e2fs->e2fs_fpg + fs->e2fs->e2fs_first_dblock + bno);
  }
  
  /*
   * Determine whether a cluster can be allocated.
   */
  static daddr_t
  ext2_clusteralloc(struct inode *ip, int cg, daddr_t bpref, int len)
  {
          struct m_ext2fs *fs;
          struct ext2mount *ump;
          struct buf *bp;
          char *bbp;
          int bit, error, got, i, loc, run;
          int32_t *lp;
          daddr_t bno;
  
          fs = ip->i_e2fs;
          ump = ip->i_ump;
  
          if (fs->e2fs_maxcluster[cg] < len)
                  return (0);
  
          EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
          error = bread(ip->i_devvp,
              fsbtodb(fs, e2fs_gd_get_b_bitmap(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg])),
              (int)fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, &bp);
          if (error)
                  goto fail_lock;
  
          bbp = (char *)bp->b_data;
          EXT2_LOCK(ump);
          /*
           * Check to see if a cluster of the needed size (or bigger) is
           * available in this cylinder group.
           */
          lp = &fs->e2fs_clustersum[cg].cs_sum[len];
          for (i = len; i <= fs->e2fs_contigsumsize; i++)
                  if (*lp++ > 0)
                          break;
          if (i > fs->e2fs_contigsumsize) {
                  /*
                   * Update the cluster summary information to reflect
                   * the true maximum-sized cluster so that future cluster
                   * allocation requests can avoid reading the bitmap only
                   * to find no cluster.
                   */
                  lp = &fs->e2fs_clustersum[cg].cs_sum[len - 1];
                  for (i = len - 1; i > 0; i--)
                          if (*lp-- > 0)
                                  break;
                  fs->e2fs_maxcluster[cg] = i;
                  goto fail;
          }
          EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
  
          /* Search the bitmap to find a big enough cluster like in FFS. */
          if (dtog(fs, bpref) != cg)
                  bpref = 0;
          if (bpref != 0)
                  bpref = dtogd(fs, bpref);
          loc = bpref / NBBY;
          bit = 1 << (bpref % NBBY);
          for (run = 0, got = bpref; got < fs->e2fs->e2fs_fpg; got++) {
                  if ((bbp[loc] & bit) != 0)
                          run = 0;
                  else {
                          run++;
                          if (run == len)
                                  break;
                  }
                  if ((got & (NBBY - 1)) != (NBBY - 1))
                          bit <<= 1;
                  else {
                          loc++;
                          bit = 1;
                  }
          }
  
          if (got >= fs->e2fs->e2fs_fpg)
                  goto fail_lock;
  
          /* Allocate the cluster that we found. */
          for (i = 1; i < len; i++)
                  if (!isclr(bbp, got - run + i))
                          panic("ext2_clusteralloc: map mismatch");
  
          bno = got - run + 1;
          if (bno >= fs->e2fs->e2fs_fpg)
                  panic("ext2_clusteralloc: allocated out of group");
  
          EXT2_LOCK(ump);
          for (i = 0; i < len; i += fs->e2fs_fpb) {
                  setbit(bbp, bno + i);
                  ext2_clusteracct(fs, bbp, cg, bno + i, -1);
                  fs->e2fs_fbcount--;
                  e2fs_gd_set_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg],
                      e2fs_gd_get_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) - 1);
          }
          fs->e2fs_fmod = 1;
          EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
  
          bdwrite(bp);
          return (cg * fs->e2fs->e2fs_fpg + fs->e2fs->e2fs_first_dblock + bno);
  
  fail_lock:
          EXT2_LOCK(ump);
  fail:
          brelse(bp);
          return (0);
  }
  
  static int
  ext2_zero_inode_table(struct inode *ip, int cg)
  {
          struct m_ext2fs *fs;
          struct buf *bp;
          int i, all_blks, used_blks;
  
          fs = ip->i_e2fs;
  
          if (fs->e2fs_gd[cg].ext4bgd_flags & EXT2_BG_INODE_ZEROED)
                  return (0);
  
          all_blks = fs->e2fs->e2fs_inode_size * fs->e2fs->e2fs_ipg /
              fs->e2fs_bsize;
  
          used_blks = howmany(fs->e2fs->e2fs_ipg -
              e2fs_gd_get_i_unused(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]),
              fs->e2fs_bsize / EXT2_INODE_SIZE(fs));
  
          for (i = 0; i < all_blks - used_blks; i++) {
                  bp = getblk(ip->i_devvp, fsbtodb(fs,
                      e2fs_gd_get_i_tables(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) + used_blks + i),
                      fs->e2fs_bsize, 0, 0, 0);
                  if (!bp)
                          return (EIO);
  
                  vfs_bio_bzero_buf(bp, 0, fs->e2fs_bsize);
                  bawrite(bp);
          }
  
          fs->e2fs_gd[cg].ext4bgd_flags |= EXT2_BG_INODE_ZEROED;
  
          return (0);
  }
  
  /*
   * Determine whether an inode can be allocated.
   *
   * Check to see if an inode is available, and if it is,
   * allocate it using tode in the specified cylinder group.
   */
  static daddr_t
  ext2_nodealloccg(struct inode *ip, int cg, daddr_t ipref, int mode)
  {
          struct m_ext2fs *fs;
          struct buf *bp;
          struct ext2mount *ump;
          int error, start, len, ifree;
          char *ibp, *loc;
  
          ipref--;        /* to avoid a lot of (ipref -1) */
          if (ipref == -1)
                  ipref = 0;
          fs = ip->i_e2fs;
          ump = ip->i_ump;
          if (e2fs_gd_get_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) == 0)
                  return (0);
          EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
          error = bread(ip->i_devvp, fsbtodb(fs,
              e2fs_gd_get_i_bitmap(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg])),
              (int)fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, &bp);
          if (error) {
                  brelse(bp);
                  EXT2_LOCK(ump);
                  return (0);
          }
          if (EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_ROCOMPAT_GDT_CSUM) ||
              EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_ROCOMPAT_METADATA_CKSUM)) {
                  if (fs->e2fs_gd[cg].ext4bgd_flags & EXT2_BG_INODE_UNINIT) {
                          memset(bp->b_data, 0, fs->e2fs_bsize);
                          fs->e2fs_gd[cg].ext4bgd_flags &= ~EXT2_BG_INODE_UNINIT;
                  }
                  ext2_gd_i_bitmap_csum_set(fs, cg, bp);
                  error = ext2_zero_inode_table(ip, cg);
                  if (error) {
                          brelse(bp);
                          EXT2_LOCK(ump);
                          return (0);
                  }
          }
          error = ext2_gd_i_bitmap_csum_verify(fs, cg, bp);
          if (error) {
                  brelse(bp);
                  EXT2_LOCK(ump);
                  return (0);
          }
          if (e2fs_gd_get_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) == 0) {
                  /*
                   * Another thread allocated the last i-node in this
                   * group while we were waiting for the buffer.
                   */
                  brelse(bp);
                  EXT2_LOCK(ump);
                  return (0);
          }
          ibp = (char *)bp->b_data;
          if (ipref) {
                  ipref %= fs->e2fs->e2fs_ipg;
                  if (isclr(ibp, ipref))
                          goto gotit;
          }
          start = ipref / NBBY;
          len = howmany(fs->e2fs->e2fs_ipg - ipref, NBBY);
          loc = memcchr(&ibp[start], 0xff, len);
          if (loc == NULL) {
                  len = start + 1;
                  start = 0;
                  loc = memcchr(&ibp[start], 0xff, len);
                  if (loc == NULL) {
                          printf("cg = %d, ipref = %lld, fs = %s\n",
                              cg, (long long)ipref, fs->e2fs_fsmnt);
                          panic("ext2fs_nodealloccg: map corrupted");
                          /* NOTREACHED */
                  }
          }
          ipref = (loc - ibp) * NBBY + ffs(~*loc) - 1;
  gotit:
          setbit(ibp, ipref);
          EXT2_LOCK(ump);
          e2fs_gd_set_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg],
              e2fs_gd_get_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) - 1);
          if (EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_ROCOMPAT_GDT_CSUM) ||
              EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_ROCOMPAT_METADATA_CKSUM)) {
                  ifree = fs->e2fs->e2fs_ipg - e2fs_gd_get_i_unused(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]);
                  if (ipref + 1 > ifree)
                          e2fs_gd_set_i_unused(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg],
                              fs->e2fs->e2fs_ipg - (ipref + 1));
          }
          fs->e2fs->e2fs_ficount--;
          fs->e2fs_fmod = 1;
          if ((mode & IFMT) == IFDIR) {
                  e2fs_gd_set_ndirs(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg],
                      e2fs_gd_get_ndirs(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) + 1);
                  fs->e2fs_total_dir++;
          }
          EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
          ext2_gd_i_bitmap_csum_set(fs, cg, bp);
          bdwrite(bp);
          return ((uint64_t)cg * fs->e2fs_ipg + ipref + 1);
  }
  
  /*
   * Free a block or fragment.
   *
   */
  void
  ext2_blkfree(struct inode *ip, e4fs_daddr_t bno, long size)
  {
          struct m_ext2fs *fs;
          struct buf *bp;
          struct ext2mount *ump;
          int cg, error;
          char *bbp;
  
          fs = ip->i_e2fs;
          ump = ip->i_ump;
          cg = dtog(fs, bno);
          if (bno >= fs->e2fs_bcount) {
                  printf("bad block %lld, ino %ju\n", (long long)bno,
                      (uintmax_t)ip->i_number);
                  ext2_fserr(fs, ip->i_uid, "bad block");
                  return;
          }
          error = bread(ip->i_devvp,
              fsbtodb(fs, e2fs_gd_get_b_bitmap(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg])),
              (int)fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, &bp);
          if (error) {
                  brelse(bp);
                  return;
          }
          bbp = (char *)bp->b_data;
          bno = dtogd(fs, bno);
          if (isclr(bbp, bno)) {
                  printf("block = %lld, fs = %s\n",
                      (long long)bno, fs->e2fs_fsmnt);
                  panic("ext2_blkfree: freeing free block");
          }
          clrbit(bbp, bno);
          EXT2_LOCK(ump);
          ext2_clusteracct(fs, bbp, cg, bno, 1);
          fs->e2fs_fbcount++;
          e2fs_gd_set_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg],
              e2fs_gd_get_nbfree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) + 1);
          fs->e2fs_fmod = 1;
          EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
          ext2_gd_b_bitmap_csum_set(fs, cg, bp);
          bdwrite(bp);
  }
  
  /*
   * Free an inode.
   *
   */
  int
  ext2_vfree(struct vnode *pvp, ino_t ino, int mode)
  {
          struct m_ext2fs *fs;
          struct inode *pip;
          struct buf *bp;
          struct ext2mount *ump;
          int error, cg;
          char *ibp;
  
          pip = VTOI(pvp);
          fs = pip->i_e2fs;
          ump = pip->i_ump;
          if ((u_int)ino > fs->e2fs_ipg * fs->e2fs_gcount)
                  panic("ext2_vfree: range: devvp = %p, ino = %ju, fs = %s",
                      pip->i_devvp, (uintmax_t)ino, fs->e2fs_fsmnt);
  
          cg = ino_to_cg(fs, ino);
          error = bread(pip->i_devvp,
              fsbtodb(fs, e2fs_gd_get_i_bitmap(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg])),
              (int)fs->e2fs_bsize, NOCRED, &bp);
          if (error) {
                  brelse(bp);
                  return (0);
          }
          ibp = (char *)bp->b_data;
          ino = (ino - 1) % fs->e2fs->e2fs_ipg;
          if (isclr(ibp, ino)) {
                  printf("ino = %ju, fs = %s\n",
                      ino, fs->e2fs_fsmnt);
                  if (fs->e2fs_ronly == 0)
                          panic("ext2_vfree: freeing free inode");
          }
          clrbit(ibp, ino);
          EXT2_LOCK(ump);
          fs->e2fs->e2fs_ficount++;
          e2fs_gd_set_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg],
              e2fs_gd_get_nifree(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) + 1);
          if ((mode & IFMT) == IFDIR) {
                  e2fs_gd_set_ndirs(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg],
                      e2fs_gd_get_ndirs(&fs->e2fs_gd[cg]) - 1);
                  fs->e2fs_total_dir--;
          }
          fs->e2fs_fmod = 1;
          EXT2_UNLOCK(ump);
          ext2_gd_i_bitmap_csum_set(fs, cg, bp);
          bdwrite(bp);
          return (0);
  }
  
  /*
   * Find a block in the specified cylinder group.
   *
   * It is a panic if a request is made to find a block if none are
   * available.
   */
  static daddr_t
  ext2_mapsearch(struct m_ext2fs *fs, char *bbp, daddr_t bpref)
  {
          char *loc;
          int start, len;
  
          /*
           * find the fragment by searching through the free block
           * map for an appropriate bit pattern
           */
          if (bpref)
                  start = dtogd(fs, bpref) / NBBY;
          else
                  start = 0;
          len = howmany(fs->e2fs->e2fs_fpg, NBBY) - start;
          loc = memcchr(&bbp[start], 0xff, len);
          if (loc == NULL) {
                  len = start + 1;
                  start = 0;
                  loc = memcchr(&bbp[start], 0xff, len);
                  if (loc == NULL) {
                          printf("start = %d, len = %d, fs = %s\n",
                              start, len, fs->e2fs_fsmnt);
                          panic("ext2_mapsearch: map corrupted");
                          /* NOTREACHED */
                  }
          }
          return ((loc - bbp) * NBBY + ffs(~*loc) - 1);
  }
  
  /*
   * Fserr prints the name of a filesystem with an error diagnostic.
   *
   * The form of the error message is:
   *      fs: error message
   */
  void
  ext2_fserr(struct m_ext2fs *fs, uid_t uid, char *cp)
  {
  
          log(LOG_ERR, "uid %u on %s: %s\n", uid, fs->e2fs_fsmnt, cp);
  }
  
  int
  ext2_cg_has_sb(struct m_ext2fs *fs, int cg)
  {
          int a3, a5, a7;
  
          if (cg == 0)
                  return (1);
  
          if (EXT2_HAS_COMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_COMPAT_SPARSESUPER2)) {
                  if (cg == fs->e2fs->e4fs_backup_bgs[0] ||
                      cg == fs->e2fs->e4fs_backup_bgs[1])
                          return (1);
                  return (0);
          }
  
          if ((cg <= 1) ||
              !EXT2_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(fs, EXT2F_ROCOMPAT_SPARSESUPER))
                  return (1);
  
          if (!(cg & 1))
                  return (0);
  
          for (a3 = 3, a5 = 5, a7 = 7;
              a3 <= cg || a5 <= cg || a7 <= cg;
              a3 *= 3, a5 *= 5, a7 *= 7)
                  if (cg == a3 || cg == a5 || cg == a7)
                          return (1);
          return (0);
  }

Cache object: edc4822a45323c1ef30a5a94b6c74ad3