The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/i386/i386/identcpu.c

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 1992 Terrence R. Lambert.
    3  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1987, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
    4  * Copyright (c) 1997 KATO Takenori.
    5  * All rights reserved.
    6  *
    7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
    8  * William Jolitz.
    9  *
   10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   12  * are met:
   13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
   19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
   20  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
   21  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
   22  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   23  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   24  *    without specific prior written permission.
   25  *
   26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   27  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   28  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   29  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   30  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   31  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   32  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   33  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   34  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   35  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   36  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   37  *
   38  *      from: Id: machdep.c,v 1.193 1996/06/18 01:22:04 bde Exp
   39  */
   40 
   41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
   42 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
   43 
   44 #include "opt_cpu.h"
   45 
   46 #include <sys/param.h>
   47 #include <sys/bus.h>
   48 #include <sys/cpu.h>
   49 #include <sys/eventhandler.h>
   50 #include <sys/systm.h>
   51 #include <sys/kernel.h>
   52 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
   53 #include <sys/power.h>
   54 
   55 #include <machine/asmacros.h>
   56 #include <machine/clock.h>
   57 #include <machine/cputypes.h>
   58 #include <machine/intr_machdep.h>
   59 #include <machine/md_var.h>
   60 #include <machine/segments.h>
   61 #include <machine/specialreg.h>
   62 
   63 #define IDENTBLUE_CYRIX486      0
   64 #define IDENTBLUE_IBMCPU        1
   65 #define IDENTBLUE_CYRIXM2       2
   66 
   67 /* XXX - should be in header file: */
   68 void printcpuinfo(void);
   69 void finishidentcpu(void);
   70 void earlysetcpuclass(void);
   71 #if defined(I586_CPU) && defined(CPU_WT_ALLOC)
   72 void    enable_K5_wt_alloc(void);
   73 void    enable_K6_wt_alloc(void);
   74 void    enable_K6_2_wt_alloc(void);
   75 #endif
   76 void panicifcpuunsupported(void);
   77 
   78 static void identifycyrix(void);
   79 static void init_exthigh(void);
   80 static u_int find_cpu_vendor_id(void);
   81 static void print_AMD_info(void);
   82 static void print_INTEL_info(void);
   83 static void print_INTEL_TLB(u_int data);
   84 static void print_AMD_assoc(int i);
   85 static void print_transmeta_info(void);
   86 static void print_via_padlock_info(void);
   87 
   88 int     cpu_class;
   89 u_int   cpu_exthigh;            /* Highest arg to extended CPUID */
   90 u_int   cyrix_did;              /* Device ID of Cyrix CPU */
   91 char machine[] = MACHINE;
   92 SYSCTL_STRING(_hw, HW_MACHINE, machine, CTLFLAG_RD, 
   93     machine, 0, "Machine class");
   94 
   95 static char cpu_model[128];
   96 SYSCTL_STRING(_hw, HW_MODEL, model, CTLFLAG_RD, 
   97     cpu_model, 0, "Machine model");
   98 
   99 static int hw_clockrate;
  100 SYSCTL_INT(_hw, OID_AUTO, clockrate, CTLFLAG_RD, 
  101     &hw_clockrate, 0, "CPU instruction clock rate");
  102 
  103 static char cpu_brand[48];
  104 
  105 #define MAX_BRAND_INDEX 8
  106 
  107 static const char *cpu_brandtable[MAX_BRAND_INDEX + 1] = {
  108         NULL,                   /* No brand */
  109         "Intel Celeron",
  110         "Intel Pentium III",
  111         "Intel Pentium III Xeon",
  112         NULL,
  113         NULL,
  114         NULL,
  115         NULL,
  116         "Intel Pentium 4"
  117 };
  118 
  119 static struct {
  120         char    *cpu_name;
  121         int     cpu_class;
  122 } i386_cpus[] = {
  123         { "Intel 80286",        CPUCLASS_286 },         /* CPU_286   */
  124         { "i386SX",             CPUCLASS_386 },         /* CPU_386SX */
  125         { "i386DX",             CPUCLASS_386 },         /* CPU_386   */
  126         { "i486SX",             CPUCLASS_486 },         /* CPU_486SX */
  127         { "i486DX",             CPUCLASS_486 },         /* CPU_486   */
  128         { "Pentium",            CPUCLASS_586 },         /* CPU_586   */
  129         { "Cyrix 486",          CPUCLASS_486 },         /* CPU_486DLC */
  130         { "Pentium Pro",        CPUCLASS_686 },         /* CPU_686 */
  131         { "Cyrix 5x86",         CPUCLASS_486 },         /* CPU_M1SC */
  132         { "Cyrix 6x86",         CPUCLASS_486 },         /* CPU_M1 */
  133         { "Blue Lightning",     CPUCLASS_486 },         /* CPU_BLUE */
  134         { "Cyrix 6x86MX",       CPUCLASS_686 },         /* CPU_M2 */
  135         { "NexGen 586",         CPUCLASS_386 },         /* CPU_NX586 (XXX) */
  136         { "Cyrix 486S/DX",      CPUCLASS_486 },         /* CPU_CY486DX */
  137         { "Pentium II",         CPUCLASS_686 },         /* CPU_PII */
  138         { "Pentium III",        CPUCLASS_686 },         /* CPU_PIII */
  139         { "Pentium 4",          CPUCLASS_686 },         /* CPU_P4 */
  140 };
  141 
  142 static struct {
  143         char    *vendor;
  144         u_int   vendor_id;
  145 } cpu_vendors[] = {
  146         { INTEL_VENDOR_ID,      CPU_VENDOR_INTEL },     /* GenuineIntel */
  147         { AMD_VENDOR_ID,        CPU_VENDOR_AMD },       /* AuthenticAMD */
  148         { CENTAUR_VENDOR_ID,    CPU_VENDOR_CENTAUR },   /* CentaurHauls */
  149         { NSC_VENDOR_ID,        CPU_VENDOR_NSC },       /* Geode by NSC */
  150         { CYRIX_VENDOR_ID,      CPU_VENDOR_CYRIX },     /* CyrixInstead */
  151         { TRANSMETA_VENDOR_ID,  CPU_VENDOR_TRANSMETA }, /* GenuineTMx86 */
  152         { SIS_VENDOR_ID,        CPU_VENDOR_SIS },       /* SiS SiS SiS  */
  153         { UMC_VENDOR_ID,        CPU_VENDOR_UMC },       /* UMC UMC UMC  */
  154         { NEXGEN_VENDOR_ID,     CPU_VENDOR_NEXGEN },    /* NexGenDriven */
  155         { RISE_VENDOR_ID,       CPU_VENDOR_RISE },      /* RiseRiseRise */
  156 #if 0
  157         /* XXX CPUID 8000_0000h and 8086_0000h, not 0000_0000h */
  158         { "TransmetaCPU",       CPU_VENDOR_TRANSMETA },
  159 #endif
  160 };
  161 
  162 #if defined(I586_CPU) && !defined(NO_F00F_HACK)
  163 int has_f00f_bug = 0;           /* Initialized so that it can be patched. */
  164 #endif
  165 
  166 static void
  167 init_exthigh(void)
  168 {
  169         static int done = 0;
  170         u_int regs[4];
  171 
  172         if (done == 0) {
  173                 if (cpu_high > 0 &&
  174                     (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_INTEL ||
  175                     cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_AMD ||
  176                     cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_TRANSMETA ||
  177                     cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_CENTAUR ||
  178                     cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_NSC)) {
  179                         do_cpuid(0x80000000, regs);
  180                         if (regs[0] >= 0x80000000)
  181                                 cpu_exthigh = regs[0];
  182                 }
  183 
  184                 done = 1;
  185         }
  186 }
  187 
  188 void
  189 printcpuinfo(void)
  190 {
  191         u_int regs[4], i;
  192         char *brand;
  193 
  194         cpu_class = i386_cpus[cpu].cpu_class;
  195         printf("CPU: ");
  196         strncpy(cpu_model, i386_cpus[cpu].cpu_name, sizeof (cpu_model));
  197 
  198         /* Check for extended CPUID information and a processor name. */
  199         init_exthigh();
  200         if (cpu_exthigh >= 0x80000004) {
  201                 brand = cpu_brand;
  202                 for (i = 0x80000002; i < 0x80000005; i++) {
  203                         do_cpuid(i, regs);
  204                         memcpy(brand, regs, sizeof(regs));
  205                         brand += sizeof(regs);
  206                 }
  207         }
  208 
  209         if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_INTEL) {
  210                 if ((cpu_id & 0xf00) > 0x300) {
  211                         u_int brand_index;
  212 
  213                         cpu_model[0] = '\0';
  214 
  215                         switch (cpu_id & 0x3000) {
  216                         case 0x1000:
  217                                 strcpy(cpu_model, "Overdrive ");
  218                                 break;
  219                         case 0x2000:
  220                                 strcpy(cpu_model, "Dual ");
  221                                 break;
  222                         }
  223 
  224                         switch (cpu_id & 0xf00) {
  225                         case 0x400:
  226                                 strcat(cpu_model, "i486 ");
  227                                 /* Check the particular flavor of 486 */
  228                                 switch (cpu_id & 0xf0) {
  229                                 case 0x00:
  230                                 case 0x10:
  231                                         strcat(cpu_model, "DX");
  232                                         break;
  233                                 case 0x20:
  234                                         strcat(cpu_model, "SX");
  235                                         break;
  236                                 case 0x30:
  237                                         strcat(cpu_model, "DX2");
  238                                         break;
  239                                 case 0x40:
  240                                         strcat(cpu_model, "SL");
  241                                         break;
  242                                 case 0x50:
  243                                         strcat(cpu_model, "SX2");
  244                                         break;
  245                                 case 0x70:
  246                                         strcat(cpu_model,
  247                                             "DX2 Write-Back Enhanced");
  248                                         break;
  249                                 case 0x80:
  250                                         strcat(cpu_model, "DX4");
  251                                         break;
  252                                 }
  253                                 break;
  254                         case 0x500:
  255                                 /* Check the particular flavor of 586 */
  256                                 strcat(cpu_model, "Pentium");
  257                                 switch (cpu_id & 0xf0) {
  258                                 case 0x00:
  259                                         strcat(cpu_model, " A-step");
  260                                         break;
  261                                 case 0x10:
  262                                         strcat(cpu_model, "/P5");
  263                                         break;
  264                                 case 0x20:
  265                                         strcat(cpu_model, "/P54C");
  266                                         break;
  267                                 case 0x30:
  268                                         strcat(cpu_model, "/P24T");
  269                                         break;
  270                                 case 0x40:
  271                                         strcat(cpu_model, "/P55C");
  272                                         break;
  273                                 case 0x70:
  274                                         strcat(cpu_model, "/P54C");
  275                                         break;
  276                                 case 0x80:
  277                                         strcat(cpu_model, "/P55C (quarter-micron)");
  278                                         break;
  279                                 default:
  280                                         /* nothing */
  281                                         break;
  282                                 }
  283 #if defined(I586_CPU) && !defined(NO_F00F_HACK)
  284                                 /*
  285                                  * XXX - If/when Intel fixes the bug, this
  286                                  * should also check the version of the
  287                                  * CPU, not just that it's a Pentium.
  288                                  */
  289                                 has_f00f_bug = 1;
  290 #endif
  291                                 break;
  292                         case 0x600:
  293                                 /* Check the particular flavor of 686 */
  294                                 switch (cpu_id & 0xf0) {
  295                                 case 0x00:
  296                                         strcat(cpu_model, "Pentium Pro A-step");
  297                                         break;
  298                                 case 0x10:
  299                                         strcat(cpu_model, "Pentium Pro");
  300                                         break;
  301                                 case 0x30:
  302                                 case 0x50:
  303                                 case 0x60:
  304                                         strcat(cpu_model,
  305                                 "Pentium II/Pentium II Xeon/Celeron");
  306                                         cpu = CPU_PII;
  307                                         break;
  308                                 case 0x70:
  309                                 case 0x80:
  310                                 case 0xa0:
  311                                 case 0xb0:
  312                                         strcat(cpu_model,
  313                                         "Pentium III/Pentium III Xeon/Celeron");
  314                                         cpu = CPU_PIII;
  315                                         break;
  316                                 default:
  317                                         strcat(cpu_model, "Unknown 80686");
  318                                         break;
  319                                 }
  320                                 break;
  321                         case 0xf00:
  322                                 strcat(cpu_model, "Pentium 4");
  323                                 cpu = CPU_P4;
  324                                 break;
  325                         default:
  326                                 strcat(cpu_model, "unknown");
  327                                 break;
  328                         }
  329 
  330                         /*
  331                          * If we didn't get a brand name from the extended
  332                          * CPUID, try to look it up in the brand table.
  333                          */
  334                         if (cpu_high > 0 && *cpu_brand == '\0') {
  335                                 brand_index = cpu_procinfo & CPUID_BRAND_INDEX;
  336                                 if (brand_index <= MAX_BRAND_INDEX &&
  337                                     cpu_brandtable[brand_index] != NULL)
  338                                         strcpy(cpu_brand,
  339                                             cpu_brandtable[brand_index]);
  340                         }
  341                 }
  342         } else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_AMD) {
  343                 /*
  344                  * Values taken from AMD Processor Recognition
  345                  * http://www.amd.com/K6/k6docs/pdf/20734g.pdf
  346                  * (also describes ``Features'' encodings.
  347                  */
  348                 strcpy(cpu_model, "AMD ");
  349                 switch (cpu_id & 0xFF0) {
  350                 case 0x410:
  351                         strcat(cpu_model, "Standard Am486DX");
  352                         break;
  353                 case 0x430:
  354                         strcat(cpu_model, "Enhanced Am486DX2 Write-Through");
  355                         break;
  356                 case 0x470:
  357                         strcat(cpu_model, "Enhanced Am486DX2 Write-Back");
  358                         break;
  359                 case 0x480:
  360                         strcat(cpu_model, "Enhanced Am486DX4/Am5x86 Write-Through");
  361                         break;
  362                 case 0x490:
  363                         strcat(cpu_model, "Enhanced Am486DX4/Am5x86 Write-Back");
  364                         break;
  365                 case 0x4E0:
  366                         strcat(cpu_model, "Am5x86 Write-Through");
  367                         break;
  368                 case 0x4F0:
  369                         strcat(cpu_model, "Am5x86 Write-Back");
  370                         break;
  371                 case 0x500:
  372                         strcat(cpu_model, "K5 model 0");
  373                         tsc_is_broken = 1;
  374                         break;
  375                 case 0x510:
  376                         strcat(cpu_model, "K5 model 1");
  377                         break;
  378                 case 0x520:
  379                         strcat(cpu_model, "K5 PR166 (model 2)");
  380                         break;
  381                 case 0x530:
  382                         strcat(cpu_model, "K5 PR200 (model 3)");
  383                         break;
  384                 case 0x560:
  385                         strcat(cpu_model, "K6");
  386                         break;
  387                 case 0x570:
  388                         strcat(cpu_model, "K6 266 (model 1)");
  389                         break;
  390                 case 0x580:
  391                         strcat(cpu_model, "K6-2");
  392                         break;
  393                 case 0x590:
  394                         strcat(cpu_model, "K6-III");
  395                         break;
  396                 case 0x5a0:
  397                         strcat(cpu_model, "Geode LX");
  398                         /*
  399                          * Make sure the TSC runs through suspension,
  400                          * otherwise we can't use it as timecounter
  401                          */
  402                         wrmsr(0x1900, rdmsr(0x1900) | 0x20ULL);
  403                         break;
  404                 default:
  405                         strcat(cpu_model, "Unknown");
  406                         break;
  407                 }
  408 #if defined(I586_CPU) && defined(CPU_WT_ALLOC)
  409                 if ((cpu_id & 0xf00) == 0x500) {
  410                         if (((cpu_id & 0x0f0) > 0)
  411                             && ((cpu_id & 0x0f0) < 0x60)
  412                             && ((cpu_id & 0x00f) > 3))
  413                                 enable_K5_wt_alloc();
  414                         else if (((cpu_id & 0x0f0) > 0x80)
  415                                  || (((cpu_id & 0x0f0) == 0x80)
  416                                      && (cpu_id & 0x00f) > 0x07))
  417                                 enable_K6_2_wt_alloc();
  418                         else if ((cpu_id & 0x0f0) > 0x50)
  419                                 enable_K6_wt_alloc();
  420                 }
  421 #endif
  422         } else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_CYRIX) {
  423                 strcpy(cpu_model, "Cyrix ");
  424                 switch (cpu_id & 0xff0) {
  425                 case 0x440:
  426                         strcat(cpu_model, "MediaGX");
  427                         break;
  428                 case 0x520:
  429                         strcat(cpu_model, "6x86");
  430                         break;
  431                 case 0x540:
  432                         cpu_class = CPUCLASS_586;
  433                         strcat(cpu_model, "GXm");
  434                         break;
  435                 case 0x600:
  436                         strcat(cpu_model, "6x86MX");
  437                         break;
  438                 default:
  439                         /*
  440                          * Even though CPU supports the cpuid
  441                          * instruction, it can be disabled.
  442                          * Therefore, this routine supports all Cyrix
  443                          * CPUs.
  444                          */
  445                         switch (cyrix_did & 0xf0) {
  446                         case 0x00:
  447                                 switch (cyrix_did & 0x0f) {
  448                                 case 0x00:
  449                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486SLC");
  450                                         break;
  451                                 case 0x01:
  452                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486DLC");
  453                                         break;
  454                                 case 0x02:
  455                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486SLC2");
  456                                         break;
  457                                 case 0x03:
  458                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486DLC2");
  459                                         break;
  460                                 case 0x04:
  461                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486SRx");
  462                                         break;
  463                                 case 0x05:
  464                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486DRx");
  465                                         break;
  466                                 case 0x06:
  467                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486SRx2");
  468                                         break;
  469                                 case 0x07:
  470                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486DRx2");
  471                                         break;
  472                                 case 0x08:
  473                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486SRu");
  474                                         break;
  475                                 case 0x09:
  476                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486DRu");
  477                                         break;
  478                                 case 0x0a:
  479                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486SRu2");
  480                                         break;
  481                                 case 0x0b:
  482                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486DRu2");
  483                                         break;
  484                                 default:
  485                                         strcat(cpu_model, "Unknown");
  486                                         break;
  487                                 }
  488                                 break;
  489                         case 0x10:
  490                                 switch (cyrix_did & 0x0f) {
  491                                 case 0x00:
  492                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486S");
  493                                         break;
  494                                 case 0x01:
  495                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486S2");
  496                                         break;
  497                                 case 0x02:
  498                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486Se");
  499                                         break;
  500                                 case 0x03:
  501                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486S2e");
  502                                         break;
  503                                 case 0x0a:
  504                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486DX");
  505                                         break;
  506                                 case 0x0b:
  507                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486DX2");
  508                                         break;
  509                                 case 0x0f:
  510                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486DX4");
  511                                         break;
  512                                 default:
  513                                         strcat(cpu_model, "Unknown");
  514                                         break;
  515                                 }
  516                                 break;
  517                         case 0x20:
  518                                 if ((cyrix_did & 0x0f) < 8)
  519                                         strcat(cpu_model, "6x86");      /* Where did you get it? */
  520                                 else
  521                                         strcat(cpu_model, "5x86");
  522                                 break;
  523                         case 0x30:
  524                                 strcat(cpu_model, "6x86");
  525                                 break;
  526                         case 0x40:
  527                                 if ((cyrix_did & 0xf000) == 0x3000) {
  528                                         cpu_class = CPUCLASS_586;
  529                                         strcat(cpu_model, "GXm");
  530                                 } else
  531                                         strcat(cpu_model, "MediaGX");
  532                                 break;
  533                         case 0x50:
  534                                 strcat(cpu_model, "6x86MX");
  535                                 break;
  536                         case 0xf0:
  537                                 switch (cyrix_did & 0x0f) {
  538                                 case 0x0d:
  539                                         strcat(cpu_model, "Overdrive CPU");
  540                                         break;
  541                                 case 0x0e:
  542                                         strcpy(cpu_model, "Texas Instruments 486SXL");
  543                                         break;
  544                                 case 0x0f:
  545                                         strcat(cpu_model, "486SLC/DLC");
  546                                         break;
  547                                 default:
  548                                         strcat(cpu_model, "Unknown");
  549                                         break;
  550                                 }
  551                                 break;
  552                         default:
  553                                 strcat(cpu_model, "Unknown");
  554                                 break;
  555                         }
  556                         break;
  557                 }
  558         } else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_RISE) {
  559                 strcpy(cpu_model, "Rise ");
  560                 switch (cpu_id & 0xff0) {
  561                 case 0x500:
  562                         strcat(cpu_model, "mP6");
  563                         break;
  564                 default:
  565                         strcat(cpu_model, "Unknown");
  566                 }
  567         } else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_CENTAUR) {
  568                 switch (cpu_id & 0xff0) {
  569                 case 0x540:
  570                         strcpy(cpu_model, "IDT WinChip C6");
  571                         tsc_is_broken = 1;
  572                         break;
  573                 case 0x580:
  574                         strcpy(cpu_model, "IDT WinChip 2");
  575                         break;
  576                 case 0x660:
  577                         strcpy(cpu_model, "VIA C3 Samuel");
  578                         break;
  579                 case 0x670:
  580                         if (cpu_id & 0x8)
  581                                 strcpy(cpu_model, "VIA C3 Ezra");
  582                         else
  583                                 strcpy(cpu_model, "VIA C3 Samuel 2");
  584                         break;
  585                 case 0x680:
  586                         strcpy(cpu_model, "VIA C3 Ezra-T");
  587                         break;
  588                 case 0x690:
  589                         strcpy(cpu_model, "VIA C3 Nehemiah");
  590                         break;
  591                 case 0x6a0:
  592                 case 0x6d0:
  593                         strcpy(cpu_model, "VIA C7 Esther");
  594                         break;
  595                 case 0x6f0:
  596                         strcpy(cpu_model, "VIA Nano");
  597                         break;
  598                 default:
  599                         strcpy(cpu_model, "VIA/IDT Unknown");
  600                 }
  601         } else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_IBM) {
  602                 strcpy(cpu_model, "Blue Lightning CPU");
  603         } else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_NSC) {
  604                 switch (cpu_id & 0xfff) {
  605                 case 0x540:
  606                         strcpy(cpu_model, "Geode SC1100");
  607                         cpu = CPU_GEODE1100;
  608                         tsc_is_broken = 1;
  609                         break;
  610                 default:
  611                         strcpy(cpu_model, "Geode/NSC unknown");
  612                         break;
  613                 }
  614         }
  615 
  616         /*
  617          * Replace cpu_model with cpu_brand minus leading spaces if
  618          * we have one.
  619          */
  620         brand = cpu_brand;
  621         while (*brand == ' ')
  622                 ++brand;
  623         if (*brand != '\0')
  624                 strcpy(cpu_model, brand);
  625 
  626         printf("%s (", cpu_model);
  627         switch(cpu_class) {
  628         case CPUCLASS_286:
  629                 printf("286");
  630                 break;
  631         case CPUCLASS_386:
  632                 printf("386");
  633                 break;
  634 #if defined(I486_CPU)
  635         case CPUCLASS_486:
  636                 printf("486");
  637                 bzero_vector = i486_bzero;
  638                 break;
  639 #endif
  640 #if defined(I586_CPU)
  641         case CPUCLASS_586:
  642                 hw_clockrate = (tsc_freq + 5000) / 1000000;
  643                 printf("%jd.%02d-MHz ",
  644                        (intmax_t)(tsc_freq + 4999) / 1000000,
  645                        (u_int)((tsc_freq + 4999) / 10000) % 100);
  646                 printf("586");
  647                 break;
  648 #endif
  649 #if defined(I686_CPU)
  650         case CPUCLASS_686:
  651                 hw_clockrate = (tsc_freq + 5000) / 1000000;
  652                 printf("%jd.%02d-MHz ",
  653                        (intmax_t)(tsc_freq + 4999) / 1000000,
  654                        (u_int)((tsc_freq + 4999) / 10000) % 100);
  655                 printf("686");
  656                 break;
  657 #endif
  658         default:
  659                 printf("Unknown");      /* will panic below... */
  660         }
  661         printf("-class CPU)\n");
  662         if(*cpu_vendor)
  663                 printf("  Origin = \"%s\"",cpu_vendor);
  664         if(cpu_id)
  665                 printf("  Id = 0x%x", cpu_id);
  666 
  667         if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_INTEL ||
  668             cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_AMD ||
  669             cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_TRANSMETA ||
  670             cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_RISE ||
  671             cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_CENTAUR ||
  672             cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_NSC ||
  673                 (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_CYRIX &&
  674                  ((cpu_id & 0xf00) > 0x500))) {
  675                 printf("  Family = %x", CPUID_TO_FAMILY(cpu_id));
  676                 printf("  Model = %x", CPUID_TO_MODEL(cpu_id));
  677                 printf("  Stepping = %u", cpu_id & CPUID_STEPPING);
  678                 if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_CYRIX)
  679                         printf("\n  DIR=0x%04x", cyrix_did);
  680                 if (cpu_high > 0) {
  681                         u_int cmp = 1, htt = 1;
  682 
  683                         /*
  684                          * Here we should probably set up flags indicating
  685                          * whether or not various features are available.
  686                          * The interesting ones are probably VME, PSE, PAE,
  687                          * and PGE.  The code already assumes without bothering
  688                          * to check that all CPUs >= Pentium have a TSC and
  689                          * MSRs.
  690                          */
  691                         printf("\n  Features=0x%b", cpu_feature,
  692                         "\020"
  693                         "\001FPU"       /* Integral FPU */
  694                         "\002VME"       /* Extended VM86 mode support */
  695                         "\003DE"        /* Debugging Extensions (CR4.DE) */
  696                         "\004PSE"       /* 4MByte page tables */
  697                         "\005TSC"       /* Timestamp counter */
  698                         "\006MSR"       /* Machine specific registers */
  699                         "\007PAE"       /* Physical address extension */
  700                         "\010MCE"       /* Machine Check support */
  701                         "\011CX8"       /* CMPEXCH8 instruction */
  702                         "\012APIC"      /* SMP local APIC */
  703                         "\013oldMTRR"   /* Previous implementation of MTRR */
  704                         "\014SEP"       /* Fast System Call */
  705                         "\015MTRR"      /* Memory Type Range Registers */
  706                         "\016PGE"       /* PG_G (global bit) support */
  707                         "\017MCA"       /* Machine Check Architecture */
  708                         "\020CMOV"      /* CMOV instruction */
  709                         "\021PAT"       /* Page attributes table */
  710                         "\022PSE36"     /* 36 bit address space support */
  711                         "\023PN"        /* Processor Serial number */
  712                         "\024CLFLUSH"   /* Has the CLFLUSH instruction */
  713                         "\025<b20>"
  714                         "\026DTS"       /* Debug Trace Store */
  715                         "\027ACPI"      /* ACPI support */
  716                         "\030MMX"       /* MMX instructions */
  717                         "\031FXSR"      /* FXSAVE/FXRSTOR */
  718                         "\032SSE"       /* Streaming SIMD Extensions */
  719                         "\033SSE2"      /* Streaming SIMD Extensions #2 */
  720                         "\034SS"        /* Self snoop */
  721                         "\035HTT"       /* Hyperthreading (see EBX bit 16-23) */
  722                         "\036TM"        /* Thermal Monitor clock slowdown */
  723                         "\037IA64"      /* CPU can execute IA64 instructions */
  724                         "\040PBE"       /* Pending Break Enable */
  725                         );
  726 
  727                         if (cpu_feature2 != 0) {
  728                                 printf("\n  Features2=0x%b", cpu_feature2,
  729                                 "\020"
  730                                 "\001SSE3"      /* SSE3 */
  731                                 "\002<b1>"
  732                                 "\003DTES64"    /* 64-bit Debug Trace */
  733                                 "\004MON"       /* MONITOR/MWAIT Instructions */
  734                                 "\005DS_CPL"    /* CPL Qualified Debug Store */
  735                                 "\006VMX"       /* Virtual Machine Extensions */
  736                                 "\007SMX"       /* Safer Mode Extensions */
  737                                 "\010EST"       /* Enhanced SpeedStep */
  738                                 "\011TM2"       /* Thermal Monitor 2 */
  739                                 "\012SSSE3"     /* SSSE3 */
  740                                 "\013CNXT-ID"   /* L1 context ID available */
  741                                 "\014<b11>"
  742                                 "\015<b12>"
  743                                 "\016CX16"      /* CMPXCHG16B Instruction */
  744                                 "\017xTPR"      /* Send Task Priority Messages*/
  745                                 "\020PDCM"      /* Perf/Debug Capability MSR */
  746                                 "\021<b16>"
  747                                 "\022<b17>"
  748                                 "\023DCA"       /* Direct Cache Access */
  749                                 "\024SSE4.1"
  750                                 "\025SSE4.2"
  751                                 "\026x2APIC"    /* xAPIC Extensions */
  752                                 "\027MOVBE"
  753                                 "\030POPCNT"
  754                                 "\031<b24>"
  755                                 "\032<b25>"
  756                                 "\033XSAVE"
  757                                 "\034OSXSAVE"
  758                                 "\035<b28>"
  759                                 "\036<b29>"
  760                                 "\037<b30>"
  761                                 "\040HV"        /* Hypervisor */
  762                                 );
  763                         }
  764 
  765                         /*
  766                          * AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual Volume 3:
  767                          * General-Purpose and System Instructions
  768                          * http://www.amd.com/us-en/assets/content_type/white_papers_and_tech_docs/24594.pdf
  769                          *
  770                          * IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Developer's Manual,
  771                          * Volume 2A: Instruction Set Reference, A-M
  772                          * ftp://download.intel.com/design/Pentium4/manuals/25366617.pdf
  773                          */
  774                         if (amd_feature != 0) {
  775                                 printf("\n  AMD Features=0x%b", amd_feature,
  776                                 "\020"          /* in hex */
  777                                 "\001<s0>"      /* Same */
  778                                 "\002<s1>"      /* Same */
  779                                 "\003<s2>"      /* Same */
  780                                 "\004<s3>"      /* Same */
  781                                 "\005<s4>"      /* Same */
  782                                 "\006<s5>"      /* Same */
  783                                 "\007<s6>"      /* Same */
  784                                 "\010<s7>"      /* Same */
  785                                 "\011<s8>"      /* Same */
  786                                 "\012<s9>"      /* Same */
  787                                 "\013<b10>"     /* Undefined */
  788                                 "\014SYSCALL"   /* Have SYSCALL/SYSRET */
  789                                 "\015<s12>"     /* Same */
  790                                 "\016<s13>"     /* Same */
  791                                 "\017<s14>"     /* Same */
  792                                 "\020<s15>"     /* Same */
  793                                 "\021<s16>"     /* Same */
  794                                 "\022<s17>"     /* Same */
  795                                 "\023<b18>"     /* Reserved, unknown */
  796                                 "\024MP"        /* Multiprocessor Capable */
  797                                 "\025NX"        /* Has EFER.NXE, NX */
  798                                 "\026<b21>"     /* Undefined */
  799                                 "\027MMX+"      /* AMD MMX Extensions */
  800                                 "\030<s23>"     /* Same */
  801                                 "\031<s24>"     /* Same */
  802                                 "\032FFXSR"     /* Fast FXSAVE/FXRSTOR */
  803                                 "\033Page1GB"   /* 1-GB large page support */
  804                                 "\034RDTSCP"    /* RDTSCP */
  805                                 "\035<b28>"     /* Undefined */
  806                                 "\036LM"        /* 64 bit long mode */
  807                                 "\0373DNow!+"   /* AMD 3DNow! Extensions */
  808                                 "\0403DNow!"    /* AMD 3DNow! */
  809                                 );
  810                         }
  811 
  812                         if (amd_feature2 != 0) {
  813                                 printf("\n  AMD Features2=0x%b", amd_feature2,
  814                                 "\020"
  815                                 "\001LAHF"      /* LAHF/SAHF in long mode */
  816                                 "\002CMP"       /* CMP legacy */
  817                                 "\003SVM"       /* Secure Virtual Mode */
  818                                 "\004ExtAPIC"   /* Extended APIC register */
  819                                 "\005CR8"       /* CR8 in legacy mode */
  820                                 "\006ABM"       /* LZCNT instruction */
  821                                 "\007SSE4A"     /* SSE4A */
  822                                 "\010MAS"       /* Misaligned SSE mode */
  823                                 "\011Prefetch"  /* 3DNow! Prefetch/PrefetchW */
  824                                 "\012OSVW"      /* OS visible workaround */
  825                                 "\013IBS"       /* Instruction based sampling */
  826                                 "\014SSE5"      /* SSE5 */
  827                                 "\015SKINIT"    /* SKINIT/STGI */
  828                                 "\016WDT"       /* Watchdog timer */
  829                                 "\017<b14>"
  830                                 "\020<b15>"
  831                                 "\021<b16>"
  832                                 "\022<b17>"
  833                                 "\023<b18>"
  834                                 "\024<b19>"
  835                                 "\025<b20>"
  836                                 "\026<b21>"
  837                                 "\027<b22>"
  838                                 "\030<b23>"
  839                                 "\031<b24>"
  840                                 "\032<b25>"
  841                                 "\033<b26>"
  842                                 "\034<b27>"
  843                                 "\035<b28>"
  844                                 "\036<b29>"
  845                                 "\037<b30>"
  846                                 "\040<b31>"
  847                                 );
  848                         }
  849 
  850                         if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_CENTAUR)
  851                                 print_via_padlock_info();
  852 
  853                         if ((cpu_feature & CPUID_HTT) &&
  854                             cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_AMD)
  855                                 cpu_feature &= ~CPUID_HTT;
  856 
  857                         /*
  858                          * If this CPU supports P-state invariant TSC then
  859                          * mention the capability.
  860                          */
  861                         switch (cpu_vendor_id) {
  862                         case CPU_VENDOR_AMD:
  863                                 if ((amd_pminfo & AMDPM_TSC_INVARIANT) ||
  864                                     CPUID_TO_FAMILY(cpu_id) >= 0x10 ||
  865                                     cpu_id == 0x60fb2)
  866                                         tsc_is_invariant = 1;
  867                                 break;
  868                         case CPU_VENDOR_INTEL:
  869                                 if (amd_pminfo & AMDPM_TSC_INVARIANT)
  870                                         tsc_is_invariant = 1;
  871                                 break;
  872                         case CPU_VENDOR_CENTAUR:
  873                                 if (CPUID_TO_FAMILY(cpu_id) == 0x6 &&
  874                                     CPUID_TO_MODEL(cpu_id) >= 0xf &&
  875                                     (rdmsr(0x1203) & 0x100000000ULL) == 0)
  876                                         tsc_is_invariant = 1;
  877                                 break;
  878                         }
  879                         if (tsc_is_invariant)
  880                                 printf("\n  TSC: P-state invariant");
  881 
  882                         /*
  883                          * If this CPU supports HTT or CMP then mention the
  884                          * number of physical/logical cores it contains.
  885                          */
  886                         if (cpu_feature & CPUID_HTT)
  887                                 htt = (cpu_procinfo & CPUID_HTT_CORES) >> 16;
  888                         if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_AMD &&
  889                             (amd_feature2 & AMDID2_CMP))
  890                                 cmp = (cpu_procinfo2 & AMDID_CMP_CORES) + 1;
  891                         else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_INTEL &&
  892                             (cpu_high >= 4)) {
  893                                 cpuid_count(4, 0, regs);
  894                                 if ((regs[0] & 0x1f) != 0)
  895                                         cmp = ((regs[0] >> 26) & 0x3f) + 1;
  896                         }
  897                         if (cmp > 1)
  898                                 printf("\n  Cores per package: %d", cmp);
  899                         if ((htt / cmp) > 1)
  900                                 printf("\n  Logical CPUs per core: %d",
  901                                     htt / cmp);
  902                 }
  903         } else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_CYRIX) {
  904                 printf("  DIR=0x%04x", cyrix_did);
  905                 printf("  Stepping=%u", (cyrix_did & 0xf000) >> 12);
  906                 printf("  Revision=%u", (cyrix_did & 0x0f00) >> 8);
  907 #ifndef CYRIX_CACHE_REALLY_WORKS
  908                 if (cpu == CPU_M1 && (cyrix_did & 0xff00) < 0x1700)
  909                         printf("\n  CPU cache: write-through mode");
  910 #endif
  911         }
  912 
  913         /* Avoid ugly blank lines: only print newline when we have to. */
  914         if (*cpu_vendor || cpu_id)
  915                 printf("\n");
  916 
  917         if (!bootverbose)
  918                 return;
  919 
  920         if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_AMD)
  921                 print_AMD_info();
  922         else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_INTEL)
  923                 print_INTEL_info();
  924         else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_TRANSMETA)
  925                 print_transmeta_info();
  926 }
  927 
  928 void
  929 panicifcpuunsupported(void)
  930 {
  931 
  932 #if !defined(lint)
  933 #if !defined(I486_CPU) && !defined(I586_CPU) && !defined(I686_CPU)
  934 #error This kernel is not configured for one of the supported CPUs
  935 #endif
  936 #else /* lint */
  937 #endif /* lint */
  938         /*
  939          * Now that we have told the user what they have,
  940          * let them know if that machine type isn't configured.
  941          */
  942         switch (cpu_class) {
  943         case CPUCLASS_286:      /* a 286 should not make it this far, anyway */
  944         case CPUCLASS_386:
  945 #if !defined(I486_CPU)
  946         case CPUCLASS_486:
  947 #endif
  948 #if !defined(I586_CPU)
  949         case CPUCLASS_586:
  950 #endif
  951 #if !defined(I686_CPU)
  952         case CPUCLASS_686:
  953 #endif
  954                 panic("CPU class not configured");
  955         default:
  956                 break;
  957         }
  958 }
  959 
  960 
  961 static  volatile u_int trap_by_rdmsr;
  962 
  963 /*
  964  * Special exception 6 handler.
  965  * The rdmsr instruction generates invalid opcodes fault on 486-class
  966  * Cyrix CPU.  Stacked eip register points the rdmsr instruction in the
  967  * function identblue() when this handler is called.  Stacked eip should
  968  * be advanced.
  969  */
  970 inthand_t       bluetrap6;
  971 #ifdef __GNUCLIKE_ASM
  972 __asm
  973 ("                                                                      \n\
  974         .text                                                           \n\
  975         .p2align 2,0x90                                                 \n\
  976         .type   " __XSTRING(CNAME(bluetrap6)) ",@function               \n\
  977 " __XSTRING(CNAME(bluetrap6)) ":                                        \n\
  978         ss                                                              \n\
  979         movl    $0xa8c1d," __XSTRING(CNAME(trap_by_rdmsr)) "            \n\
  980         addl    $2, (%esp)      /* rdmsr is a 2-byte instruction */     \n\
  981         iret                                                            \n\
  982 ");
  983 #endif
  984 
  985 /*
  986  * Special exception 13 handler.
  987  * Accessing non-existent MSR generates general protection fault.
  988  */
  989 inthand_t       bluetrap13;
  990 #ifdef __GNUCLIKE_ASM
  991 __asm
  992 ("                                                                      \n\
  993         .text                                                           \n\
  994         .p2align 2,0x90                                                 \n\
  995         .type   " __XSTRING(CNAME(bluetrap13)) ",@function              \n\
  996 " __XSTRING(CNAME(bluetrap13)) ":                                       \n\
  997         ss                                                              \n\
  998         movl    $0xa89c4," __XSTRING(CNAME(trap_by_rdmsr)) "            \n\
  999         popl    %eax            /* discard error code */                \n\
 1000         addl    $2, (%esp)      /* rdmsr is a 2-byte instruction */     \n\
 1001         iret                                                            \n\
 1002 ");
 1003 #endif
 1004 
 1005 /*
 1006  * Distinguish IBM Blue Lightning CPU from Cyrix CPUs that does not
 1007  * support cpuid instruction.  This function should be called after
 1008  * loading interrupt descriptor table register.
 1009  *
 1010  * I don't like this method that handles fault, but I couldn't get
 1011  * information for any other methods.  Does blue giant know?
 1012  */
 1013 static int
 1014 identblue(void)
 1015 {
 1016 
 1017         trap_by_rdmsr = 0;
 1018 
 1019         /*
 1020          * Cyrix 486-class CPU does not support rdmsr instruction.
 1021          * The rdmsr instruction generates invalid opcode fault, and exception
 1022          * will be trapped by bluetrap6() on Cyrix 486-class CPU.  The
 1023          * bluetrap6() set the magic number to trap_by_rdmsr.
 1024          */
 1025         setidt(IDT_UD, bluetrap6, SDT_SYS386TGT, SEL_KPL,
 1026             GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
 1027 
 1028         /*
 1029          * Certain BIOS disables cpuid instruction of Cyrix 6x86MX CPU.
 1030          * In this case, rdmsr generates general protection fault, and
 1031          * exception will be trapped by bluetrap13().
 1032          */
 1033         setidt(IDT_GP, bluetrap13, SDT_SYS386TGT, SEL_KPL,
 1034             GSEL(GCODE_SEL, SEL_KPL));
 1035 
 1036         rdmsr(0x1002);          /* Cyrix CPU generates fault. */
 1037 
 1038         if (trap_by_rdmsr == 0xa8c1d)
 1039                 return IDENTBLUE_CYRIX486;
 1040         else if (trap_by_rdmsr == 0xa89c4)
 1041                 return IDENTBLUE_CYRIXM2;
 1042         return IDENTBLUE_IBMCPU;
 1043 }
 1044 
 1045 
 1046 /*
 1047  * identifycyrix() set lower 16 bits of cyrix_did as follows:
 1048  *
 1049  *  F E D C B A 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
 1050  * +-------+-------+---------------+
 1051  * |  SID  |  RID  |   Device ID   |
 1052  * |    (DIR 1)    |    (DIR 0)    |
 1053  * +-------+-------+---------------+
 1054  */
 1055 static void
 1056 identifycyrix(void)
 1057 {
 1058         u_int   eflags;
 1059         int     ccr2_test = 0, dir_test = 0;
 1060         u_char  ccr2, ccr3;
 1061 
 1062         eflags = read_eflags();
 1063         disable_intr();
 1064 
 1065         ccr2 = read_cyrix_reg(CCR2);
 1066         write_cyrix_reg(CCR2, ccr2 ^ CCR2_LOCK_NW);
 1067         read_cyrix_reg(CCR2);
 1068         if (read_cyrix_reg(CCR2) != ccr2)
 1069                 ccr2_test = 1;
 1070         write_cyrix_reg(CCR2, ccr2);
 1071 
 1072         ccr3 = read_cyrix_reg(CCR3);
 1073         write_cyrix_reg(CCR3, ccr3 ^ CCR3_MAPEN3);
 1074         read_cyrix_reg(CCR3);
 1075         if (read_cyrix_reg(CCR3) != ccr3)
 1076                 dir_test = 1;                                   /* CPU supports DIRs. */
 1077         write_cyrix_reg(CCR3, ccr3);
 1078 
 1079         if (dir_test) {
 1080                 /* Device ID registers are available. */
 1081                 cyrix_did = read_cyrix_reg(DIR1) << 8;
 1082                 cyrix_did += read_cyrix_reg(DIR0);
 1083         } else if (ccr2_test)
 1084                 cyrix_did = 0x0010;             /* 486S A-step */
 1085         else
 1086                 cyrix_did = 0x00ff;             /* Old 486SLC/DLC and TI486SXLC/SXL */
 1087 
 1088         write_eflags(eflags);
 1089 }
 1090 
 1091 /* Update TSC freq with the value indicated by the caller. */
 1092 static void
 1093 tsc_freq_changed(void *arg, const struct cf_level *level, int status)
 1094 {
 1095         /*
 1096          * If there was an error during the transition or
 1097          * TSC is P-state invariant, don't do anything.
 1098          */
 1099         if (status != 0 || tsc_is_invariant)
 1100                 return;
 1101 
 1102         /* Total setting for this level gives the new frequency in MHz. */
 1103         hw_clockrate = level->total_set.freq;
 1104 }
 1105 
 1106 EVENTHANDLER_DEFINE(cpufreq_post_change, tsc_freq_changed, NULL,
 1107     EVENTHANDLER_PRI_ANY);
 1108 
 1109 /*
 1110  * Final stage of CPU identification. -- Should I check TI?
 1111  */
 1112 void
 1113 finishidentcpu(void)
 1114 {
 1115         int     isblue = 0;
 1116         u_char  ccr3;
 1117         u_int   regs[4];
 1118 
 1119         cpu_vendor_id = find_cpu_vendor_id();
 1120 
 1121         /*
 1122          * Clear "Limit CPUID Maxval" bit and get the largest standard CPUID
 1123          * function number again if it is set from BIOS.  It is necessary
 1124          * for probing correct CPU topology later.
 1125          * XXX This is only done on the BSP package.
 1126          */
 1127         if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_INTEL && cpu_high > 0 && cpu_high < 4 &&
 1128             ((CPUID_TO_FAMILY(cpu_id) == 0xf && CPUID_TO_MODEL(cpu_id) >= 0x3) ||
 1129             (CPUID_TO_FAMILY(cpu_id) == 0x6 && CPUID_TO_MODEL(cpu_id) >= 0xe))) {
 1130                 uint64_t msr;
 1131                 msr = rdmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE);
 1132                 if ((msr & 0x400000ULL) != 0) {
 1133                         wrmsr(MSR_IA32_MISC_ENABLE, msr & ~0x400000ULL);
 1134                         do_cpuid(0, regs);
 1135                         cpu_high = regs[0];
 1136                 }
 1137         }
 1138 
 1139         /* Detect AMD features (PTE no-execute bit, 3dnow, 64 bit mode etc) */
 1140         if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_INTEL ||
 1141             cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_AMD) {
 1142                 init_exthigh();
 1143                 if (cpu_exthigh >= 0x80000001) {
 1144                         do_cpuid(0x80000001, regs);
 1145                         amd_feature = regs[3] & ~(cpu_feature & 0x0183f3ff);
 1146                         amd_feature2 = regs[2];
 1147                 }
 1148                 if (cpu_exthigh >= 0x80000007) {
 1149                         do_cpuid(0x80000007, regs);
 1150                         amd_pminfo = regs[3];
 1151                 }
 1152                 if (cpu_exthigh >= 0x80000008) {
 1153                         do_cpuid(0x80000008, regs);
 1154                         cpu_procinfo2 = regs[2];
 1155                 }
 1156         } else if (cpu_vendor_id == CPU_VENDOR_CYRIX) {
 1157                 if (cpu == CPU_486) {
 1158                         /*
 1159                          * These conditions are equivalent to:
 1160                          *     - CPU does not support cpuid instruction.
 1161                          *     - Cyrix/IBM CPU is detected.
 1162                          */
 1163                         isblue = identblue();
 1164                         if (isblue == IDENTBLUE_IBMCPU) {
 1165                                 strcpy(cpu_vendor, "IBM");
 1166                                 cpu_vendor_id = CPU_VENDOR_IBM;
 1167                                 cpu = CPU_BLUE;
 1168                                 return;
 1169                         }
 1170                 }
 1171                 switch (cpu_id & 0xf00) {
 1172                 case 0x600:
 1173                         /*
 1174                          * Cyrix's datasheet does not describe DIRs.
 1175                          * Therefor, I assume it does not have them
 1176                          * and use the result of the cpuid instruction.
 1177                          * XXX they seem to have it for now at least. -Peter
 1178                          */
 1179                         identifycyrix();
 1180                         cpu = CPU_M2;
 1181                         break;
 1182                 default:
 1183                         identifycyrix();
 1184                         /*
 1185                          * This routine contains a trick.
 1186                          * Don't check (cpu_id & 0x00f0) == 0x50 to detect M2, now.
 1187                          */
 1188                         switch (cyrix_did & 0x00f0) {
 1189                         case 0x00:
 1190                         case 0xf0:
 1191                                 cpu = CPU_486DLC;
 1192                                 break;
 1193                         case 0x10:
 1194                                 cpu = CPU_CY486DX;
 1195                                 break;
 1196                         case 0x20:
 1197                                 if ((cyrix_did & 0x000f) < 8)
 1198                                         cpu = CPU_M1;
 1199                                 else
 1200                                         cpu = CPU_M1SC;
 1201                                 break;
 1202                         case 0x30:
 1203                                 cpu = CPU_M1;
 1204                                 break;
 1205                         case 0x40:
 1206                                 /* MediaGX CPU */
 1207                                 cpu = CPU_M1SC;
 1208                                 break;
 1209                         default:
 1210                                 /* M2 and later CPUs are treated as M2. */
 1211                                 cpu = CPU_M2;
 1212 
 1213                                 /*
 1214                                  * enable cpuid instruction.
 1215                                  */
 1216                                 ccr3 = read_cyrix_reg(CCR3);
 1217                                 write_cyrix_reg(CCR3, CCR3_MAPEN0);
 1218                                 write_cyrix_reg(CCR4, read_cyrix_reg(CCR4) | CCR4_CPUID);
 1219                                 write_cyrix_reg(CCR3, ccr3);
 1220 
 1221                                 do_cpuid(0, regs);
 1222                                 cpu_high = regs[0];     /* eax */
 1223                                 do_cpuid(1, regs);
 1224                                 cpu_id = regs[0];       /* eax */
 1225                                 cpu_feature = regs[3];  /* edx */
 1226                                 break;
 1227                         }
 1228                 }
 1229         } else if (cpu == CPU_486 && *cpu_vendor == '\0') {
 1230                 /*
 1231                  * There are BlueLightning CPUs that do not change
 1232                  * undefined flags by dividing 5 by 2.  In this case,
 1233                  * the CPU identification routine in locore.s leaves
 1234                  * cpu_vendor null string and puts CPU_486 into the
 1235                  * cpu.
 1236                  */
 1237                 isblue = identblue();
 1238                 if (isblue == IDENTBLUE_IBMCPU) {
 1239                         strcpy(cpu_vendor, "IBM");
 1240                         cpu_vendor_id = CPU_VENDOR_IBM;
 1241                         cpu = CPU_BLUE;
 1242                         return;
 1243                 }
 1244         }
 1245 }
 1246 
 1247 static u_int
 1248 find_cpu_vendor_id(void)
 1249 {
 1250         int     i;
 1251 
 1252         for (i = 0; i < sizeof(cpu_vendors) / sizeof(cpu_vendors[0]); i++)
 1253                 if (strcmp(cpu_vendor, cpu_vendors[i].vendor) == 0)
 1254                         return (cpu_vendors[i].vendor_id);
 1255         return (0);
 1256 }
 1257 
 1258 static void
 1259 print_AMD_assoc(int i)
 1260 {
 1261         if (i == 255)
 1262                 printf(", fully associative\n");
 1263         else
 1264                 printf(", %d-way associative\n", i);
 1265 }
 1266 
 1267 static void
 1268 print_AMD_info(void)
 1269 {
 1270         quad_t amd_whcr;
 1271 
 1272         if (cpu_exthigh >= 0x80000005) {
 1273                 u_int regs[4];
 1274 
 1275                 do_cpuid(0x80000005, regs);
 1276                 printf("Data TLB: %d entries", (regs[1] >> 16) & 0xff);
 1277                 print_AMD_assoc(regs[1] >> 24);
 1278                 printf("Instruction TLB: %d entries", regs[1] & 0xff);
 1279                 print_AMD_assoc((regs[1] >> 8) & 0xff);
 1280                 printf("L1 data cache: %d kbytes", regs[2] >> 24);
 1281                 printf(", %d bytes/line", regs[2] & 0xff);
 1282                 printf(", %d lines/tag", (regs[2] >> 8) & 0xff);
 1283                 print_AMD_assoc((regs[2] >> 16) & 0xff);
 1284                 printf("L1 instruction cache: %d kbytes", regs[3] >> 24);
 1285                 printf(", %d bytes/line", regs[3] & 0xff);
 1286                 printf(", %d lines/tag", (regs[3] >> 8) & 0xff);
 1287                 print_AMD_assoc((regs[3] >> 16) & 0xff);
 1288                 if (cpu_exthigh >= 0x80000006) {        /* K6-III only */
 1289                         do_cpuid(0x80000006, regs);
 1290                         printf("L2 internal cache: %d kbytes", regs[2] >> 16);
 1291                         printf(", %d bytes/line", regs[2] & 0xff);
 1292                         printf(", %d lines/tag", (regs[2] >> 8) & 0x0f);
 1293                         print_AMD_assoc((regs[2] >> 12) & 0x0f);        
 1294                 }
 1295         }
 1296         if (((cpu_id & 0xf00) == 0x500)
 1297             && (((cpu_id & 0x0f0) > 0x80)
 1298                 || (((cpu_id & 0x0f0) == 0x80)
 1299                     && (cpu_id & 0x00f) > 0x07))) {
 1300                 /* K6-2(new core [Stepping 8-F]), K6-III or later */
 1301                 amd_whcr = rdmsr(0xc0000082);
 1302                 if (!(amd_whcr & (0x3ff << 22))) {
 1303                         printf("Write Allocate Disable\n");
 1304                 } else {
 1305                         printf("Write Allocate Enable Limit: %dM bytes\n",
 1306                             (u_int32_t)((amd_whcr & (0x3ff << 22)) >> 22) * 4);
 1307                         printf("Write Allocate 15-16M bytes: %s\n",
 1308                             (amd_whcr & (1 << 16)) ? "Enable" : "Disable");
 1309                 }
 1310         } else if (((cpu_id & 0xf00) == 0x500)
 1311                    && ((cpu_id & 0x0f0) > 0x50)) {
 1312                 /* K6, K6-2(old core) */
 1313                 amd_whcr = rdmsr(0xc0000082);
 1314                 if (!(amd_whcr & (0x7f << 1))) {
 1315                         printf("Write Allocate Disable\n");
 1316                 } else {
 1317                         printf("Write Allocate Enable Limit: %dM bytes\n",
 1318                             (u_int32_t)((amd_whcr & (0x7f << 1)) >> 1) * 4);
 1319                         printf("Write Allocate 15-16M bytes: %s\n",
 1320                             (amd_whcr & 0x0001) ? "Enable" : "Disable");
 1321                         printf("Hardware Write Allocate Control: %s\n",
 1322                             (amd_whcr & 0x0100) ? "Enable" : "Disable");
 1323                 }
 1324         }
 1325 
 1326         /*
 1327          * Opteron Rev E shows a bug as in very rare occasions a read memory
 1328          * barrier is not performed as expected if it is followed by a
 1329          * non-atomic read-modify-write instruction.
 1330          * As long as that bug pops up very rarely (intensive machine usage
 1331          * on other operating systems generally generates one unexplainable
 1332          * crash any 2 months) and as long as a model specific fix would be
 1333          * impratical at this stage, print out a warning string if the broken
 1334          * model and family are identified.
 1335          */
 1336         if (CPUID_TO_FAMILY(cpu_id) == 0xf && CPUID_TO_MODEL(cpu_id) >= 0x20 &&
 1337             CPUID_TO_MODEL(cpu_id) <= 0x3f)
 1338                 printf("WARNING: This architecture revision has known SMP "
 1339                     "hardware bugs which may cause random instability\n");
 1340 }
 1341 
 1342 static void
 1343 print_INTEL_info(void)
 1344 {
 1345         u_int regs[4];
 1346         u_int rounds, regnum;
 1347         u_int nwaycode, nway;
 1348 
 1349         if (cpu_high >= 2) {
 1350                 rounds = 0;
 1351                 do {
 1352                         do_cpuid(0x2, regs);
 1353                         if (rounds == 0 && (rounds = (regs[0] & 0xff)) == 0)
 1354                                 break;  /* we have a buggy CPU */
 1355 
 1356                         for (regnum = 0; regnum <= 3; ++regnum) {
 1357                                 if (regs[regnum] & (1<<31))
 1358                                         continue;
 1359                                 if (regnum != 0)
 1360                                         print_INTEL_TLB(regs[regnum] & 0xff);
 1361                                 print_INTEL_TLB((regs[regnum] >> 8) & 0xff);
 1362                                 print_INTEL_TLB((regs[regnum] >> 16) & 0xff);
 1363                                 print_INTEL_TLB((regs[regnum] >> 24) & 0xff);
 1364                         }
 1365                 } while (--rounds > 0);
 1366         }
 1367 
 1368         if (cpu_exthigh >= 0x80000006) {
 1369                 do_cpuid(0x80000006, regs);
 1370                 nwaycode = (regs[2] >> 12) & 0x0f;
 1371                 if (nwaycode >= 0x02 && nwaycode <= 0x08)
 1372                         nway = 1 << (nwaycode / 2);
 1373                 else
 1374                         nway = 0;
 1375                 printf("\nL2 cache: %u kbytes, %u-way associative, %u bytes/line",
 1376                     (regs[2] >> 16) & 0xffff, nway, regs[2] & 0xff);
 1377         }
 1378 
 1379         printf("\n");
 1380 }
 1381 
 1382 static void
 1383 print_INTEL_TLB(u_int data)
 1384 {
 1385         switch (data) {
 1386         case 0x0:
 1387         case 0x40:
 1388         default:
 1389                 break;
 1390         case 0x1:
 1391                 printf("\nInstruction TLB: 4 KB pages, 4-way set associative, 32 entries");
 1392                 break;
 1393         case 0x2:
 1394                 printf("\nInstruction TLB: 4 MB pages, fully associative, 2 entries");
 1395                 break;
 1396         case 0x3:
 1397                 printf("\nData TLB: 4 KB pages, 4-way set associative, 64 entries");
 1398                 break;
 1399         case 0x4:
 1400                 printf("\nData TLB: 4 MB Pages, 4-way set associative, 8 entries");
 1401                 break;
 1402         case 0x6:
 1403                 printf("\n1st-level instruction cache: 8 KB, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1404                 break;
 1405         case 0x8:
 1406                 printf("\n1st-level instruction cache: 16 KB, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1407                 break;
 1408         case 0xa:
 1409                 printf("\n1st-level data cache: 8 KB, 2-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1410                 break;
 1411         case 0xc:
 1412                 printf("\n1st-level data cache: 16 KB, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1413                 break;
 1414         case 0x22:
 1415                 printf("\n3rd-level cache: 512 KB, 4-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1416                 break;
 1417         case 0x23:
 1418                 printf("\n3rd-level cache: 1 MB, 8-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1419                 break;
 1420         case 0x25:
 1421                 printf("\n3rd-level cache: 2 MB, 8-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1422                 break;
 1423         case 0x29:
 1424                 printf("\n3rd-level cache: 4 MB, 8-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1425                 break;
 1426         case 0x2c:
 1427                 printf("\n1st-level data cache: 32 KB, 8-way set associative, 64 byte line size");
 1428                 break;
 1429         case 0x30:
 1430                 printf("\n1st-level instruction cache: 32 KB, 8-way set associative, 64 byte line size");
 1431                 break;
 1432         case 0x39:
 1433                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 128 KB, 4-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1434                 break;
 1435         case 0x3b:
 1436                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 128 KB, 2-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1437                 break;
 1438         case 0x3c:
 1439                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 256 KB, 4-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1440                 break;
 1441         case 0x41:
 1442                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 128 KB, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1443                 break;
 1444         case 0x42:
 1445                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 256 KB, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1446                 break;
 1447         case 0x43:
 1448                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 512 KB, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1449                 break;
 1450         case 0x44:
 1451                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 1 MB, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1452                 break;
 1453         case 0x45:
 1454                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 2 MB, 4-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1455                 break;
 1456         case 0x46:
 1457                 printf("\n3rd-level cache: 4 MB, 4-way set associative, 64 byte line size");
 1458                 break;
 1459         case 0x47:
 1460                 printf("\n3rd-level cache: 8 MB, 8-way set associative, 64 byte line size");
 1461                 break;
 1462         case 0x50:
 1463                 printf("\nInstruction TLB: 4 KB, 2 MB or 4 MB pages, fully associative, 64 entries");
 1464                 break;
 1465         case 0x51:
 1466                 printf("\nInstruction TLB: 4 KB, 2 MB or 4 MB pages, fully associative, 128 entries");
 1467                 break;
 1468         case 0x52:
 1469                 printf("\nInstruction TLB: 4 KB, 2 MB or 4 MB pages, fully associative, 256 entries");
 1470                 break;
 1471         case 0x5b:
 1472                 printf("\nData TLB: 4 KB or 4 MB pages, fully associative, 64 entries");
 1473                 break;
 1474         case 0x5c:
 1475                 printf("\nData TLB: 4 KB or 4 MB pages, fully associative, 128 entries");
 1476                 break;
 1477         case 0x5d:
 1478                 printf("\nData TLB: 4 KB or 4 MB pages, fully associative, 256 entries");
 1479                 break;
 1480         case 0x60:
 1481                 printf("\n1st-level data cache: 16 KB, 8-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1482                 break;
 1483         case 0x66:
 1484                 printf("\n1st-level data cache: 8 KB, 4-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1485                 break;
 1486         case 0x67:
 1487                 printf("\n1st-level data cache: 16 KB, 4-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1488                 break;
 1489         case 0x68:
 1490                 printf("\n1st-level data cache: 32 KB, 4 way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1491                 break;
 1492         case 0x70:
 1493                 printf("\nTrace cache: 12K-uops, 8-way set associative");
 1494                 break;
 1495         case 0x71:
 1496                 printf("\nTrace cache: 16K-uops, 8-way set associative");
 1497                 break;
 1498         case 0x72:
 1499                 printf("\nTrace cache: 32K-uops, 8-way set associative");
 1500                 break;
 1501         case 0x78:
 1502                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 1 MB, 4-way set associative, 64-byte line size");
 1503                 break;
 1504         case 0x79:
 1505                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 128 KB, 8-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1506                 break;
 1507         case 0x7a:
 1508                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 256 KB, 8-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1509                 break;
 1510         case 0x7b:
 1511                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 512 KB, 8-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1512                 break;
 1513         case 0x7c:
 1514                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 1 MB, 8-way set associative, sectored cache, 64 byte line size");
 1515                 break;
 1516         case 0x7d:
 1517                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 2-MB, 8-way set associative, 64-byte line size");
 1518                 break;
 1519         case 0x7f:
 1520                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 512-KB, 2-way set associative, 64-byte line size");
 1521                 break;
 1522         case 0x82:
 1523                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 256 KB, 8-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1524                 break;
 1525         case 0x83:
 1526                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 512 KB, 8-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1527                 break;
 1528         case 0x84:
 1529                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 1 MB, 8-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1530                 break;
 1531         case 0x85:
 1532                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 2 MB, 8-way set associative, 32 byte line size");
 1533                 break;
 1534         case 0x86:
 1535                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 512 KB, 4-way set associative, 64 byte line size");
 1536                 break;
 1537         case 0x87:
 1538                 printf("\n2nd-level cache: 1 MB, 8-way set associative, 64 byte line size");
 1539                 break;
 1540         case 0xb0:
 1541                 printf("\nInstruction TLB: 4 KB Pages, 4-way set associative, 128 entries");
 1542                 break;
 1543         case 0xb3:
 1544                 printf("\nData TLB: 4 KB Pages, 4-way set associative, 128 entries");
 1545                 break;
 1546         }
 1547 }
 1548 
 1549 static void
 1550 print_transmeta_info(void)
 1551 {
 1552         u_int regs[4], nreg = 0;
 1553 
 1554         do_cpuid(0x80860000, regs);
 1555         nreg = regs[0];
 1556         if (nreg >= 0x80860001) {
 1557                 do_cpuid(0x80860001, regs);
 1558                 printf("  Processor revision %u.%u.%u.%u\n",
 1559                        (regs[1] >> 24) & 0xff,
 1560                        (regs[1] >> 16) & 0xff,
 1561                        (regs[1] >> 8) & 0xff,
 1562                        regs[1] & 0xff);
 1563         }
 1564         if (nreg >= 0x80860002) {
 1565                 do_cpuid(0x80860002, regs);
 1566                 printf("  Code Morphing Software revision %u.%u.%u-%u-%u\n",
 1567                        (regs[1] >> 24) & 0xff,
 1568                        (regs[1] >> 16) & 0xff,
 1569                        (regs[1] >> 8) & 0xff,
 1570                        regs[1] & 0xff,
 1571                        regs[2]);
 1572         }
 1573         if (nreg >= 0x80860006) {
 1574                 char info[65];
 1575                 do_cpuid(0x80860003, (u_int*) &info[0]);
 1576                 do_cpuid(0x80860004, (u_int*) &info[16]);
 1577                 do_cpuid(0x80860005, (u_int*) &info[32]);
 1578                 do_cpuid(0x80860006, (u_int*) &info[48]);
 1579                 info[64] = 0;
 1580                 printf("  %s\n", info);
 1581         }
 1582 }
 1583 
 1584 static void
 1585 print_via_padlock_info(void)
 1586 {
 1587         u_int regs[4];
 1588 
 1589         /* Check for supported models. */
 1590         switch (cpu_id & 0xff0) {
 1591         case 0x690:
 1592                 if ((cpu_id & 0xf) < 3)
 1593                         return;
 1594         case 0x6a0:
 1595         case 0x6d0:
 1596         case 0x6f0:
 1597                 break;
 1598         default:
 1599                 return;
 1600         }
 1601         
 1602         do_cpuid(0xc0000000, regs);
 1603         if (regs[0] >= 0xc0000001)
 1604                 do_cpuid(0xc0000001, regs);
 1605         else
 1606                 return;
 1607 
 1608         printf("\n  VIA Padlock Features=0x%b", regs[3],
 1609         "\020"
 1610         "\003RNG"               /* RNG */
 1611         "\007AES"               /* ACE */
 1612         "\011AES-CTR"           /* ACE2 */
 1613         "\013SHA1,SHA256"       /* PHE */
 1614         "\015RSA"               /* PMM */
 1615         );
 1616 }

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