FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/i386/include/cpufunc.h

     /*-
      * Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
      * All rights reserved.
      *
      * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
      * are met:
      * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
      *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
     *    must display the following acknowledgement:
     *      This product includes software developed by the University of
     *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
     * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
     *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     *    without specific prior written permission.
     *
     * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     * SUCH DAMAGE.
     *
     * $FreeBSD$
     */
    
    /*
     * Functions to provide access to special i386 instructions.
     */
    
    #ifndef _MACHINE_CPUFUNC_H_
    #define _MACHINE_CPUFUNC_H_
    
    #include <sys/cdefs.h>
    
    __BEGIN_DECLS
    #define readb(va)       (*(volatile u_int8_t *) (va))
    #define readw(va)       (*(volatile u_int16_t *) (va))
    #define readl(va)       (*(volatile u_int32_t *) (va))
    
    #define writeb(va, d)   (*(volatile u_int8_t *) (va) = (d))
    #define writew(va, d)   (*(volatile u_int16_t *) (va) = (d))
    #define writel(va, d)   (*(volatile u_int32_t *) (va) = (d))
    
    #ifdef  __GNUC__
    
    #ifdef SMP
    #include <machine/lock.h>               /* XXX */
    #endif
    
    #ifdef SWTCH_OPTIM_STATS
    extern  int     tlb_flush_count;        /* XXX */
    #endif
    
    static __inline void
    breakpoint(void)
    {
            __asm __volatile("int $3");
    }
    
    static __inline u_int
    bsfl(u_int mask)
    {
            u_int   result;
    
            __asm __volatile("bsfl %0,%0" : "=r" (result) : "" (mask));
            return (result);
    }
    
    static __inline u_int
    bsrl(u_int mask)
    {
            u_int   result;
    
            __asm __volatile("bsrl %0,%0" : "=r" (result) : "" (mask));
            return (result);
    }
    
    static __inline void
    disable_intr(void)
    {
            __asm __volatile("cli" : : : "memory");
    #ifdef SMP
            MPINTR_LOCK();
    #endif
    }
    
    static __inline void
    do_cpuid(u_int ax, u_int *p)
    {
           __asm __volatile("cpuid"
                            : "=a" (p[0]), "=b" (p[1]), "=c" (p[2]), "=d" (p[3])
                            :  "" (ax));
   }
   
   static __inline void
   cpuid_count(u_int ax, u_int cx, u_int *p)
   {
           __asm __volatile("cpuid"
                            : "=a" (p[0]), "=b" (p[1]), "=c" (p[2]), "=d" (p[3])
                            :  "" (ax), "c" (cx));
   }
   
   static __inline void
   enable_intr(void)
   {
   #ifdef SMP
           MPINTR_UNLOCK();
   #endif
           __asm __volatile("sti");
   }
   
   #define HAVE_INLINE_FFS
   
   static __inline int
   ffs(int mask)
   {
           /*
            * Note that gcc-2's builtin ffs would be used if we didn't declare
            * this inline or turn off the builtin.  The builtin is faster but
            * broken in gcc-2.4.5 and slower but working in gcc-2.5 and later
            * versions.
            */
            return (mask == 0 ? mask : bsfl((u_int)mask) + 1);
   }
   
   #define HAVE_INLINE_FLS
   
   static __inline int
   fls(int mask)
   {
           return (mask == 0 ? mask : bsrl((u_int)mask) + 1);
   }
   
   #if __GNUC__ < 2
   
   #define inb(port)               inbv(port)
   #define outb(port, data)        outbv(port, data)
   
   #else /* __GNUC >= 2 */
   
   /*
    * The following complications are to get around gcc not having a
    * constraint letter for the range 0..255.  We still put "d" in the
    * constraint because "i" isn't a valid constraint when the port
    * isn't constant.  This only matters for -O0 because otherwise
    * the non-working version gets optimized away.
    * 
    * Use an expression-statement instead of a conditional expression
    * because gcc-2.6.0 would promote the operands of the conditional
    * and produce poor code for "if ((inb(var) & const1) == const2)".
    *
    * The unnecessary test `(port) < 0x10000' is to generate a warning if
    * the `port' has type u_short or smaller.  Such types are pessimal.
    * This actually only works for signed types.  The range check is
    * careful to avoid generating warnings.
    */
   #define inb(port) __extension__ ({                                      \
           u_char  _data;                                                  \
           if (__builtin_constant_p(port) && ((port) & 0xffff) < 0x100     \
               && (port) < 0x10000)                                        \
                   _data = inbc(port);                                     \
           else                                                            \
                   _data = inbv(port);                                     \
           _data; })
   
   #define outb(port, data) (                                              \
           __builtin_constant_p(port) && ((port) & 0xffff) < 0x100         \
           && (port) < 0x10000                                             \
           ? outbc(port, data) : outbv(port, data))
   
   static __inline u_char
   inbc(u_int port)
   {
           u_char  data;
   
           __asm __volatile("inb %1,%0" : "=a" (data) : "id" ((u_short)(port)));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   outbc(u_int port, u_char data)
   {
           __asm __volatile("outb %0,%1" : : "a" (data), "id" ((u_short)(port)));
   }
   
   #endif /* __GNUC <= 2 */
   
   static __inline u_char
   inbv(u_int port)
   {
           u_char  data;
           /*
            * We use %%dx and not %1 here because i/o is done at %dx and not at
            * %edx, while gcc generates inferior code (movw instead of movl)
            * if we tell it to load (u_short) port.
            */
           __asm __volatile("inb %%dx,%0" : "=a" (data) : "d" (port));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   inl(u_int port)
   {
           u_int   data;
   
           __asm __volatile("inl %%dx,%0" : "=a" (data) : "d" (port));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   insb(u_int port, void *addr, size_t cnt)
   {
           __asm __volatile("cld; rep; insb"
                            : "=D" (addr), "=c" (cnt)
                            :  "" (addr),  "1" (cnt), "d" (port)
                            : "memory");
   }
   
   static __inline void
   insw(u_int port, void *addr, size_t cnt)
   {
           __asm __volatile("cld; rep; insw"
                            : "=D" (addr), "=c" (cnt)
                            :  "" (addr),  "1" (cnt), "d" (port)
                            : "memory");
   }
   
   static __inline void
   insl(u_int port, void *addr, size_t cnt)
   {
           __asm __volatile("cld; rep; insl"
                            : "=D" (addr), "=c" (cnt)
                            :  "" (addr),  "1" (cnt), "d" (port)
                            : "memory");
   }
   
   static __inline void
   invd(void)
   {
           __asm __volatile("invd");
   }
   
   #if defined(SMP) && defined(_KERNEL)
   
   /*
    * When using APIC IPI's, invlpg() is not simply the invlpg instruction
    * (this is a bug) and the inlining cost is prohibitive since the call
    * executes into the IPI transmission system.
    */
   void    invlpg          __P((u_int addr));
   void    invltlb         __P((void));
   
   static __inline void
   cpu_invlpg(void *addr)
   {
           __asm __volatile("invlpg %0" : : "m" (*(char *)addr) : "memory");
   }
   
   static __inline void
   cpu_invltlb(void)
   {
           u_int   temp;
           /*
            * This should be implemented as load_cr3(rcr3()) when load_cr3()
            * is inlined.
            */
           __asm __volatile("movl %%cr3, %0; movl %0, %%cr3" : "=r" (temp)
                            : : "memory");
   #if defined(SWTCH_OPTIM_STATS)
           ++tlb_flush_count;
   #endif
   }
   
   #else /* !(SMP && _KERNEL) */
   
   static __inline void
   invlpg(u_int addr)
   {
           __asm __volatile("invlpg %0" : : "m" (*(char *)addr) : "memory");
   }
   
   static __inline void
   invltlb(void)
   {
           u_int   temp;
           /*
            * This should be implemented as load_cr3(rcr3()) when load_cr3()
            * is inlined.
            */
           __asm __volatile("movl %%cr3, %0; movl %0, %%cr3" : "=r" (temp)
                            : : "memory");
   #ifdef SWTCH_OPTIM_STATS
           ++tlb_flush_count;
   #endif
   }
   
   #endif /* SMP && _KERNEL */
   
   static __inline u_short
   inw(u_int port)
   {
           u_short data;
   
           __asm __volatile("inw %%dx,%0" : "=a" (data) : "d" (port));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   loadandclear(volatile u_int *addr)
   {
           u_int   result;
   
           __asm __volatile("xorl %0,%0; xchgl %1,%0"
                            : "=&r" (result) : "m" (*addr));
           return (result);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   outbv(u_int port, u_char data)
   {
           u_char  al;
           /*
            * Use an unnecessary assignment to help gcc's register allocator.
            * This make a large difference for gcc-1.40 and a tiny difference
            * for gcc-2.6.0.  For gcc-1.40, al had to be ``asm("ax")'' for
            * best results.  gcc-2.6.0 can't handle this.
            */
           al = data;
           __asm __volatile("outb %0,%%dx" : : "a" (al), "d" (port));
   }
   
   static __inline void
   outl(u_int port, u_int data)
   {
           /*
            * outl() and outw() aren't used much so we haven't looked at
            * possible micro-optimizations such as the unnecessary
            * assignment for them.
            */
           __asm __volatile("outl %0,%%dx" : : "a" (data), "d" (port));
   }
   
   static __inline void
   outsb(u_int port, const void *addr, size_t cnt)
   {
           __asm __volatile("cld; rep; outsb"
                            : "=S" (addr), "=c" (cnt)
                            :  "" (addr),  "1" (cnt), "d" (port));
   }
   
   static __inline void
   outsw(u_int port, const void *addr, size_t cnt)
   {
           __asm __volatile("cld; rep; outsw"
                            : "=S" (addr), "=c" (cnt)
                            :  "" (addr),  "1" (cnt), "d" (port));
   }
   
   static __inline void
   outsl(u_int port, const void *addr, size_t cnt)
   {
           __asm __volatile("cld; rep; outsl"
                            : "=S" (addr), "=c" (cnt)
                            :  "" (addr),  "1" (cnt), "d" (port));
   }
   
   static __inline void
   outw(u_int port, u_short data)
   {
           __asm __volatile("outw %0,%%dx" : : "a" (data), "d" (port));
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rcr2(void)
   {
           u_int   data;
   
           __asm __volatile("movl %%cr2,%0" : "=r" (data));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   read_eflags(void)
   {
           u_int   ef;
   
           __asm __volatile("pushfl; popl %0" : "=r" (ef));
           return (ef);
   }
   
   static __inline u_int64_t
   rdmsr(u_int msr)
   {
           u_int64_t rv;
   
           __asm __volatile(".byte 0x0f, 0x32" : "=A" (rv) : "c" (msr));
           return (rv);
   }
   
   static __inline u_int64_t
   rdpmc(u_int pmc)
   {
           u_int64_t rv;
   
           __asm __volatile(".byte 0x0f, 0x33" : "=A" (rv) : "c" (pmc));
           return (rv);
   }
   
   static __inline u_int64_t
   rdtsc(void)
   {
           u_int64_t rv;
   
           __asm __volatile(".byte 0x0f, 0x31" : "=A" (rv));
           return (rv);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   wbinvd(void)
   {
           __asm __volatile("wbinvd");
   }
   
   static __inline void
   write_eflags(u_int ef)
   {
           __asm __volatile("pushl %0; popfl" : : "r" (ef));
   }
   
   static __inline void
   wrmsr(u_int msr, u_int64_t newval)
   {
           __asm __volatile(".byte 0x0f, 0x30" : : "A" (newval), "c" (msr));
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rfs(void)
   {
           u_int sel;
           __asm __volatile("movl %%fs,%0" : "=rm" (sel));
           return (sel);
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rgs(void)
   {
           u_int sel;
           __asm __volatile("movl %%gs,%0" : "=rm" (sel));
           return (sel);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   load_fs(u_int sel)
   {
           __asm __volatile("movl %0,%%fs" : : "rm" (sel));
   }
   
   static __inline void
   load_gs(u_int sel)
   {
           __asm __volatile("movl %0,%%gs" : : "rm" (sel));
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rdr0(void)
   {
           u_int   data;
           __asm __volatile("movl %%dr0,%0" : "=r" (data));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   load_dr0(u_int sel)
   {
           __asm __volatile("movl %0,%%dr0" : : "r" (sel));
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rdr1(void)
   {
           u_int   data;
           __asm __volatile("movl %%dr1,%0" : "=r" (data));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   load_dr1(u_int sel)
   {
           __asm __volatile("movl %0,%%dr1" : : "r" (sel));
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rdr2(void)
   {
           u_int   data;
           __asm __volatile("movl %%dr2,%0" : "=r" (data));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   load_dr2(u_int sel)
   {
           __asm __volatile("movl %0,%%dr2" : : "r" (sel));
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rdr3(void)
   {
           u_int   data;
           __asm __volatile("movl %%dr3,%0" : "=r" (data));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   load_dr3(u_int sel)
   {
           __asm __volatile("movl %0,%%dr3" : : "r" (sel));
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rdr4(void)
   {
           u_int   data;
           __asm __volatile("movl %%dr4,%0" : "=r" (data));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   load_dr4(u_int sel)
   {
           __asm __volatile("movl %0,%%dr4" : : "r" (sel));
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rdr5(void)
   {
           u_int   data;
           __asm __volatile("movl %%dr5,%0" : "=r" (data));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   load_dr5(u_int sel)
   {
           __asm __volatile("movl %0,%%dr5" : : "r" (sel));
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rdr6(void)
   {
           u_int   data;
           __asm __volatile("movl %%dr6,%0" : "=r" (data));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   load_dr6(u_int sel)
   {
           __asm __volatile("movl %0,%%dr6" : : "r" (sel));
   }
   
   static __inline u_int
   rdr7(void)
   {
           u_int   data;
           __asm __volatile("movl %%dr7,%0" : "=r" (data));
           return (data);
   }
   
   static __inline void
   load_dr7(u_int sel)
   {
           __asm __volatile("movl %0,%%dr7" : : "r" (sel));
   }
   
   #else /* !__GNUC__ */
   
   int     breakpoint      __P((void));
   u_int   bsfl            __P((u_int mask));
   u_int   bsrl            __P((u_int mask));
   void    disable_intr    __P((void));
   void    do_cpuid        __P((u_int ax, u_int *p));
   void    enable_intr     __P((void));
   u_char  inb             __P((u_int port));
   u_int   inl             __P((u_int port));
   void    insb            __P((u_int port, void *addr, size_t cnt));
   void    insl            __P((u_int port, void *addr, size_t cnt));
   void    insw            __P((u_int port, void *addr, size_t cnt));
   void    invd            __P((void));
   void    invlpg          __P((u_int addr));
   void    invltlb         __P((void));
   u_short inw             __P((u_int port));
   u_int   loadandclear    __P((u_int *addr));
   void    outb            __P((u_int port, u_char data));
   void    outl            __P((u_int port, u_int data));
   void    outsb           __P((u_int port, void *addr, size_t cnt));
   void    outsl           __P((u_int port, void *addr, size_t cnt));
   void    outsw           __P((u_int port, void *addr, size_t cnt));
   void    outw            __P((u_int port, u_short data));
   u_int   rcr2            __P((void));
   u_int64_t rdmsr         __P((u_int msr));
   u_int64_t rdpmc         __P((u_int pmc));
   u_int64_t rdtsc         __P((void));
   u_int   read_eflags     __P((void));
   void    wbinvd          __P((void));
   void    write_eflags    __P((u_int ef));
   void    wrmsr           __P((u_int msr, u_int64_t newval));
   u_int   rfs             __P((void));
   u_int   rgs             __P((void));
   void    load_fs         __P((u_int sel));
   void    load_gs         __P((u_int sel));
   
   #endif  /* __GNUC__ */
   
   void    load_cr0        __P((u_int cr0));
   void    load_cr3        __P((u_int cr3));
   void    load_cr4        __P((u_int cr4));
   void    ltr             __P((u_short sel));
   u_int   rcr0            __P((void));
   u_int   rcr3            __P((void));
   u_int   rcr4            __P((void));
   void    reset_dbregs    __P((void));
   __END_DECLS
   
   #endif /* !_MACHINE_CPUFUNC_H_ */

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