The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
Now available: The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System (Second Edition)


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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/i386/include/pmap.h

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California.
    3  * All rights reserved.
    4  *
    5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
    6  * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
    7  * Science Department and William Jolitz of UUNET Technologies Inc.
    8  *
    9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   11  * are met:
   12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   19  *    without specific prior written permission.
   20  *
   21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   32  *
   33  * Derived from hp300 version by Mike Hibler, this version by William
   34  * Jolitz uses a recursive map [a pde points to the page directory] to
   35  * map the page tables using the pagetables themselves. This is done to
   36  * reduce the impact on kernel virtual memory for lots of sparse address
   37  * space, and to reduce the cost of memory to each process.
   38  *
   39  *      from: hp300: @(#)pmap.h 7.2 (Berkeley) 12/16/90
   40  *      from: @(#)pmap.h        7.4 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
   41  * $FreeBSD: releng/6.2/sys/i386/include/pmap.h 147671 2005-06-29 22:28:46Z peter $
   42  */
   43 
   44 #ifndef _MACHINE_PMAP_H_
   45 #define _MACHINE_PMAP_H_
   46 
   47 /*
   48  * Page-directory and page-table entires follow this format, with a few
   49  * of the fields not present here and there, depending on a lot of things.
   50  */
   51                                 /* ---- Intel Nomenclature ---- */
   52 #define PG_V            0x001   /* P    Valid                   */
   53 #define PG_RW           0x002   /* R/W  Read/Write              */
   54 #define PG_U            0x004   /* U/S  User/Supervisor         */
   55 #define PG_NC_PWT       0x008   /* PWT  Write through           */
   56 #define PG_NC_PCD       0x010   /* PCD  Cache disable           */
   57 #define PG_A            0x020   /* A    Accessed                */
   58 #define PG_M            0x040   /* D    Dirty                   */
   59 #define PG_PS           0x080   /* PS   Page size (0=4k,1=4M)   */
   60 #define PG_G            0x100   /* G    Global                  */
   61 #define PG_AVAIL1       0x200   /*    / Available for system    */
   62 #define PG_AVAIL2       0x400   /*   <  programmers use         */
   63 #define PG_AVAIL3       0x800   /*    \                         */
   64 
   65 
   66 /* Our various interpretations of the above */
   67 #define PG_W            PG_AVAIL1       /* "Wired" pseudoflag */
   68 #define PG_MANAGED      PG_AVAIL2
   69 #define PG_FRAME        (~((vm_paddr_t)PAGE_MASK))
   70 #define PG_PROT         (PG_RW|PG_U)    /* all protection bits . */
   71 #define PG_N            (PG_NC_PWT|PG_NC_PCD)   /* Non-cacheable */
   72 
   73 /*
   74  * Page Protection Exception bits
   75  */
   76 
   77 #define PGEX_P          0x01    /* Protection violation vs. not present */
   78 #define PGEX_W          0x02    /* during a Write cycle */
   79 #define PGEX_U          0x04    /* access from User mode (UPL) */
   80 
   81 /*
   82  * Size of Kernel address space.  This is the number of page table pages
   83  * (4MB each) to use for the kernel.  256 pages == 1 Gigabyte.
   84  * This **MUST** be a multiple of 4 (eg: 252, 256, 260, etc).
   85  */
   86 #ifndef KVA_PAGES
   87 #ifdef PAE
   88 #define KVA_PAGES       512
   89 #else
   90 #define KVA_PAGES       256
   91 #endif
   92 #endif
   93 
   94 /*
   95  * Pte related macros
   96  */
   97 #define VADDR(pdi, pti) ((vm_offset_t)(((pdi)<<PDRSHIFT)|((pti)<<PAGE_SHIFT)))
   98 
   99 /* Actual number of kernel page tables */
  100 #ifndef NKPT
  101 #ifdef PAE
  102 #define NKPT            240     /* Enough for 16GB (2MB page tables) */
  103 #else
  104 #define NKPT            30      /* Enough for 4GB (4MB page tables) */
  105 #endif
  106 #endif
  107 #ifndef NKPDE
  108 #ifdef SMP
  109 #define NKPDE   (KVA_PAGES - 1) /* number of page tables/pde's */
  110 #else
  111 #define NKPDE   (KVA_PAGES)     /* number of page tables/pde's */
  112 #endif
  113 #endif
  114 
  115 /*
  116  * The *PTDI values control the layout of virtual memory
  117  *
  118  * XXX This works for now, but I am not real happy with it, I'll fix it
  119  * right after I fix locore.s and the magic 28K hole
  120  *
  121  * SMP_PRIVPAGES: The per-cpu address space is 0xff80000 -> 0xffbfffff
  122  */
  123 #ifdef SMP
  124 #define MPPTDI          (NPDEPTD-1)     /* per cpu ptd entry */
  125 #define KPTDI           (MPPTDI-NKPDE)  /* start of kernel virtual pde's */
  126 #else
  127 #define KPTDI           (NPDEPTD-NKPDE)/* start of kernel virtual pde's */
  128 #endif  /* SMP */
  129 #define PTDPTDI         (KPTDI-NPGPTD)  /* ptd entry that points to ptd! */
  130 
  131 /*
  132  * XXX doesn't really belong here I guess...
  133  */
  134 #define ISA_HOLE_START    0xa0000
  135 #define ISA_HOLE_LENGTH (0x100000-ISA_HOLE_START)
  136 
  137 #ifndef LOCORE
  138 
  139 #include <sys/queue.h>
  140 #include <sys/_lock.h>
  141 #include <sys/_mutex.h>
  142 
  143 #ifdef PAE
  144 
  145 typedef uint64_t pdpt_entry_t;
  146 typedef uint64_t pd_entry_t;
  147 typedef uint64_t pt_entry_t;
  148 
  149 #define PTESHIFT        (3)
  150 #define PDESHIFT        (3)
  151 
  152 #else
  153 
  154 typedef uint32_t pd_entry_t;
  155 typedef uint32_t pt_entry_t;
  156 
  157 #define PTESHIFT        (2)
  158 #define PDESHIFT        (2)
  159 
  160 #endif
  161 
  162 /*
  163  * Address of current and alternate address space page table maps
  164  * and directories.
  165  */
  166 #ifdef _KERNEL
  167 extern pt_entry_t PTmap[];
  168 extern pd_entry_t PTD[];
  169 extern pd_entry_t PTDpde[];
  170 
  171 #ifdef PAE
  172 extern pdpt_entry_t *IdlePDPT;
  173 #endif
  174 extern pd_entry_t *IdlePTD;     /* physical address of "Idle" state directory */
  175 #endif
  176 
  177 #ifdef _KERNEL
  178 /*
  179  * virtual address to page table entry and
  180  * to physical address. Likewise for alternate address space.
  181  * Note: these work recursively, thus vtopte of a pte will give
  182  * the corresponding pde that in turn maps it.
  183  */
  184 #define vtopte(va)      (PTmap + i386_btop(va))
  185 
  186 /*
  187  *      Routine:        pmap_kextract
  188  *      Function:
  189  *              Extract the physical page address associated
  190  *              kernel virtual address.
  191  */
  192 static __inline vm_paddr_t
  193 pmap_kextract(vm_offset_t va)
  194 {
  195         vm_paddr_t pa;
  196 
  197         if ((pa = PTD[va >> PDRSHIFT]) & PG_PS) {
  198                 pa = (pa & ~(NBPDR - 1)) | (va & (NBPDR - 1));
  199         } else {
  200                 pa = *vtopte(va);
  201                 pa = (pa & PG_FRAME) | (va & PAGE_MASK);
  202         }
  203         return pa;
  204 }
  205 
  206 #define vtophys(va)     pmap_kextract(((vm_offset_t) (va)))
  207 
  208 #ifdef PAE
  209 
  210 static __inline pt_entry_t
  211 pte_load(pt_entry_t *ptep)
  212 {
  213         pt_entry_t r;
  214 
  215         __asm __volatile(
  216             "lock; cmpxchg8b %1"
  217             : "=A" (r)
  218             : "m" (*ptep), "a" (0), "d" (0), "b" (0), "c" (0));
  219         return (r);
  220 }
  221 
  222 static __inline pt_entry_t
  223 pte_load_store(pt_entry_t *ptep, pt_entry_t v)
  224 {
  225         pt_entry_t r;
  226 
  227         r = *ptep;
  228         __asm __volatile(
  229             "1:\n"
  230             "\tlock; cmpxchg8b %1\n"
  231             "\tjnz 1b"
  232             : "+A" (r)
  233             : "m" (*ptep), "b" ((uint32_t)v), "c" ((uint32_t)(v >> 32)));
  234         return (r);
  235 }
  236 
  237 #define pte_load_clear(ptep)    pte_load_store((ptep), (pt_entry_t)0ULL)
  238 
  239 #define pte_store(ptep, pte)    pte_load_store((ptep), (pt_entry_t)pte)
  240 
  241 #else /* PAE */
  242 
  243 static __inline pt_entry_t
  244 pte_load(pt_entry_t *ptep)
  245 {
  246         pt_entry_t r;
  247 
  248         r = *ptep;
  249         return (r);
  250 }
  251 
  252 static __inline pt_entry_t
  253 pte_load_store(pt_entry_t *ptep, pt_entry_t pte)
  254 {
  255         pt_entry_t r;
  256 
  257         __asm __volatile(
  258             "xchgl %0,%1"
  259             : "=m" (*ptep),
  260               "=r" (r)
  261             : "1" (pte),
  262               "m" (*ptep));
  263         return (r);
  264 }
  265 
  266 #define pte_load_clear(pte)     atomic_readandclear_int(pte)
  267 
  268 static __inline void
  269 pte_store(pt_entry_t *ptep, pt_entry_t pte)
  270 {
  271 
  272         *ptep = pte;
  273 }
  274 
  275 #endif /* PAE */
  276 
  277 #define pte_clear(ptep)         pte_store((ptep), (pt_entry_t)0ULL)
  278 
  279 #define pde_store(pdep, pde)    pte_store((pdep), (pde))
  280 
  281 #endif /* _KERNEL */
  282 
  283 /*
  284  * Pmap stuff
  285  */
  286 struct  pv_entry;
  287 
  288 struct md_page {
  289         int pv_list_count;
  290         TAILQ_HEAD(,pv_entry)   pv_list;
  291 };
  292 
  293 struct pmap {
  294         struct mtx              pm_mtx;
  295         pd_entry_t              *pm_pdir;       /* KVA of page directory */
  296         TAILQ_HEAD(,pv_entry)   pm_pvlist;      /* list of mappings in pmap */
  297         u_int                   pm_active;      /* active on cpus */
  298         struct pmap_statistics  pm_stats;       /* pmap statistics */
  299         LIST_ENTRY(pmap)        pm_list;        /* List of all pmaps */
  300 #ifdef PAE
  301         pdpt_entry_t            *pm_pdpt;       /* KVA of page director pointer
  302                                                    table */
  303 #endif
  304 };
  305 
  306 typedef struct pmap     *pmap_t;
  307 
  308 #ifdef _KERNEL
  309 extern struct pmap      kernel_pmap_store;
  310 #define kernel_pmap     (&kernel_pmap_store)
  311 
  312 #define PMAP_LOCK(pmap)         mtx_lock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  313 #define PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, type) \
  314                                 mtx_assert(&(pmap)->pm_mtx, (type))
  315 #define PMAP_LOCK_DESTROY(pmap) mtx_destroy(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  316 #define PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap)    mtx_init(&(pmap)->pm_mtx, "pmap", \
  317                                     NULL, MTX_DEF | MTX_DUPOK)
  318 #define PMAP_LOCKED(pmap)       mtx_owned(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  319 #define PMAP_MTX(pmap)          (&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  320 #define PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)      mtx_trylock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  321 #define PMAP_UNLOCK(pmap)       mtx_unlock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  322 #endif
  323 
  324 /*
  325  * For each vm_page_t, there is a list of all currently valid virtual
  326  * mappings of that page.  An entry is a pv_entry_t, the list is pv_table.
  327  */
  328 typedef struct pv_entry {
  329         pmap_t          pv_pmap;        /* pmap where mapping lies */
  330         vm_offset_t     pv_va;          /* virtual address for mapping */
  331         TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_entry)   pv_list;
  332         TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_entry)   pv_plist;
  333 } *pv_entry_t;
  334 
  335 #ifdef  _KERNEL
  336 
  337 #define NPPROVMTRR              8
  338 #define PPRO_VMTRRphysBase0     0x200
  339 #define PPRO_VMTRRphysMask0     0x201
  340 struct ppro_vmtrr {
  341         u_int64_t base, mask;
  342 };
  343 extern struct ppro_vmtrr PPro_vmtrr[NPPROVMTRR];
  344 
  345 extern caddr_t  CADDR1;
  346 extern pt_entry_t *CMAP1;
  347 extern vm_paddr_t avail_end;
  348 extern vm_paddr_t phys_avail[];
  349 extern vm_paddr_t dump_avail[];
  350 extern int pseflag;
  351 extern int pgeflag;
  352 extern char *ptvmmap;           /* poor name! */
  353 extern vm_offset_t virtual_avail;
  354 extern vm_offset_t virtual_end;
  355 
  356 #define pmap_page_is_mapped(m)  (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&(m)->md.pv_list))
  357 
  358 void    pmap_bootstrap(vm_paddr_t, vm_paddr_t);
  359 void    pmap_kenter(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
  360 void    *pmap_kenter_temporary(vm_paddr_t pa, int i);
  361 void    pmap_kremove(vm_offset_t);
  362 void    *pmap_mapdev(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t);
  363 void    pmap_unmapdev(vm_offset_t, vm_size_t);
  364 pt_entry_t *pmap_pte(pmap_t, vm_offset_t) __pure2;
  365 void    pmap_set_pg(void);
  366 void    pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t, vm_offset_t);
  367 void    pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t);
  368 void    pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t);
  369 
  370 #endif /* _KERNEL */
  371 
  372 #endif /* !LOCORE */
  373 
  374 #endif /* !_MACHINE_PMAP_H_ */

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