The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
Now available: The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System (Second Edition)


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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/i386/include/pmap.h

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    1 /*-
    2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
    3  *
    4  * Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California.
    5  * All rights reserved.
    6  *
    7  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
    8  * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
    9  * Science Department and William Jolitz of UUNET Technologies Inc.
   10  *
   11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   13  * are met:
   14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   19  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   21  *    without specific prior written permission.
   22  *
   23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   34  *
   35  * Derived from hp300 version by Mike Hibler, this version by William
   36  * Jolitz uses a recursive map [a pde points to the page directory] to
   37  * map the page tables using the pagetables themselves. This is done to
   38  * reduce the impact on kernel virtual memory for lots of sparse address
   39  * space, and to reduce the cost of memory to each process.
   40  *
   41  *      from: hp300: @(#)pmap.h 7.2 (Berkeley) 12/16/90
   42  *      from: @(#)pmap.h        7.4 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
   43  * $FreeBSD$
   44  */
   45 
   46 #ifndef _MACHINE_PMAP_H_
   47 #define _MACHINE_PMAP_H_
   48 
   49 /*
   50  * Page-directory and page-table entries follow this format, with a few
   51  * of the fields not present here and there, depending on a lot of things.
   52  */
   53                                 /* ---- Intel Nomenclature ---- */
   54 #define PG_V            0x001   /* P    Valid                   */
   55 #define PG_RW           0x002   /* R/W  Read/Write              */
   56 #define PG_U            0x004   /* U/S  User/Supervisor         */
   57 #define PG_NC_PWT       0x008   /* PWT  Write through           */
   58 #define PG_NC_PCD       0x010   /* PCD  Cache disable           */
   59 #define PG_A            0x020   /* A    Accessed                */
   60 #define PG_M            0x040   /* D    Dirty                   */
   61 #define PG_PS           0x080   /* PS   Page size (0=4k,1=4M)   */
   62 #define PG_PTE_PAT      0x080   /* PAT  PAT index               */
   63 #define PG_G            0x100   /* G    Global                  */
   64 #define PG_AVAIL1       0x200   /*    / Available for system    */
   65 #define PG_AVAIL2       0x400   /*   <  programmers use         */
   66 #define PG_AVAIL3       0x800   /*    \                         */
   67 #define PG_PDE_PAT      0x1000  /* PAT  PAT index               */
   68 #define PG_NX           (1ull<<63) /* No-execute */
   69 
   70 /* Our various interpretations of the above */
   71 #define PG_W            PG_AVAIL1       /* "Wired" pseudoflag */
   72 #define PG_MANAGED      PG_AVAIL2
   73 #define PG_PROMOTED     PG_AVAIL3       /* PDE only */
   74 
   75 #define PG_PROT         (PG_RW|PG_U)    /* all protection bits . */
   76 #define PG_N            (PG_NC_PWT|PG_NC_PCD)   /* Non-cacheable */
   77 
   78 /* Page level cache control fields used to determine the PAT type */
   79 #define PG_PDE_CACHE    (PG_PDE_PAT | PG_NC_PWT | PG_NC_PCD)
   80 #define PG_PTE_CACHE    (PG_PTE_PAT | PG_NC_PWT | PG_NC_PCD)
   81 
   82 /*
   83  * Promotion to a 2 or 4MB (PDE) page mapping requires that the corresponding
   84  * 4KB (PTE) page mappings have identical settings for the following fields:
   85  */
   86 #define PG_PTE_PROMOTE  (PG_MANAGED | PG_W | PG_G | PG_PTE_PAT | \
   87             PG_M | PG_A | PG_NC_PCD | PG_NC_PWT | PG_U | PG_RW | PG_V)
   88 
   89 /*
   90  * Page Protection Exception bits
   91  */
   92 
   93 #define PGEX_P          0x01    /* Protection violation vs. not present */
   94 #define PGEX_W          0x02    /* during a Write cycle */
   95 #define PGEX_U          0x04    /* access from User mode (UPL) */
   96 #define PGEX_RSV        0x08    /* reserved PTE field is non-zero */
   97 #define PGEX_I          0x10    /* during an instruction fetch */
   98 
   99 /*
  100  * Pte related macros
  101  */
  102 #define VADDR(pdi, pti) ((vm_offset_t)(((pdi)<<PDRSHIFT)|((pti)<<PAGE_SHIFT)))
  103 
  104 #ifndef NKPDE
  105 #define NKPDE   (KVA_PAGES)     /* number of page tables/pde's */
  106 #endif
  107 
  108 #define PDRSHIFT_PAE            21              /* LOG2(NBPDR) */
  109 #define PG_FRAME_PAE            (0x000ffffffffff000ull)
  110 #define PG_PS_FRAME_PAE         (0x000fffffffe00000ull)
  111 
  112 #define PDRSHIFT_NOPAE          22
  113 #define PG_FRAME_NOPAE          (~PAGE_MASK)
  114 #define PG_PS_FRAME_NOPAE       (0xffc00000)
  115 
  116 /*
  117  * The *PTDI values control the layout of virtual memory
  118  */
  119 #define KPTDI           0               /* start of kernel virtual pde's */
  120 /* ptd entry that points to ptd */
  121 #define PTDPTDI         (NPDEPTD - NTRPPTD - NPGPTD)
  122 #define TRPTDI          (NPDEPTD - NTRPPTD)     /* u/k trampoline ptd */
  123 
  124 /*
  125  * XXX doesn't really belong here I guess...
  126  */
  127 #define ISA_HOLE_START    0xa0000
  128 #define ISA_HOLE_LENGTH (0x100000-ISA_HOLE_START)
  129 
  130 #ifndef LOCORE
  131 
  132 #include <sys/queue.h>
  133 #include <sys/_cpuset.h>
  134 #include <sys/_lock.h>
  135 #include <sys/_mutex.h>
  136 
  137 #include <vm/_vm_radix.h>
  138 
  139 /*
  140  * Address of current address space page table maps and directories.
  141  */
  142 #ifdef _KERNEL
  143 
  144 /*
  145  * Translate a virtual address to its physical address.
  146  *
  147  * This macro may be used before pmap_bootstrap() is called.
  148  */
  149 #define vtophys(va)     pmap_kextract((vm_offset_t)(va))
  150 
  151 #define pte_clear(ptep)                 pte_store(ptep, 0)
  152 
  153 #define pde_store(pdep, pde)            pte_store(pdep, pde)
  154 
  155 #endif /* _KERNEL */
  156 
  157 /*
  158  * Pmap stuff
  159  */
  160 struct  pv_entry;
  161 struct  pv_chunk;
  162 
  163 struct md_page {
  164         TAILQ_HEAD(,pv_entry)   pv_list;
  165         int                     pat_mode;
  166 };
  167 
  168 struct pmap {
  169         cpuset_t                pm_active;      /* active on cpus */
  170         struct mtx              pm_mtx;
  171         struct pmap_statistics  pm_stats;       /* pmap statistics */
  172         uint32_t                *pm_pdir_nopae; /* KVA of page directory */
  173         uint64_t                *pm_pdir_pae;
  174         TAILQ_HEAD(,pv_chunk)   pm_pvchunk;     /* list of mappings in pmap */
  175         LIST_ENTRY(pmap)        pm_list;        /* List of all pmaps */
  176         uint64_t                *pm_pdpt_pae;
  177         struct vm_radix         pm_root;        /* spare page table pages */
  178         vm_page_t               pm_ptdpg[4];    /* PAE NPGPTD */
  179 };
  180 
  181 typedef struct pmap     *pmap_t;
  182 
  183 #ifdef _KERNEL
  184 extern struct pmap      kernel_pmap_store;
  185 #define kernel_pmap     (&kernel_pmap_store)
  186 
  187 #define PMAP_LOCK(pmap)         mtx_lock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  188 #define PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, type) \
  189                                 mtx_assert(&(pmap)->pm_mtx, (type))
  190 #define PMAP_LOCK_DESTROY(pmap) mtx_destroy(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  191 #define PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap)    mtx_init(&(pmap)->pm_mtx, "pmap", \
  192                                     NULL, MTX_DEF | MTX_DUPOK)
  193 #define PMAP_LOCKED(pmap)       mtx_owned(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  194 #define PMAP_MTX(pmap)          (&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  195 #define PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)      mtx_trylock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  196 #define PMAP_UNLOCK(pmap)       mtx_unlock(&(pmap)->pm_mtx)
  197 #endif
  198 
  199 /*
  200  * For each vm_page_t, there is a list of all currently valid virtual
  201  * mappings of that page.  An entry is a pv_entry_t, the list is pv_list.
  202  */
  203 typedef struct pv_entry {
  204         vm_offset_t     pv_va;          /* virtual address for mapping */
  205         TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_entry)   pv_next;
  206 } *pv_entry_t;
  207 
  208 /*
  209  * pv_entries are allocated in chunks per-process.  This avoids the
  210  * need to track per-pmap assignments.
  211  */
  212 #define _NPCM   11
  213 #define _NPCPV  336
  214 struct pv_chunk {
  215         pmap_t                  pc_pmap;
  216         TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_chunk)   pc_list;
  217         uint32_t                pc_map[_NPCM];  /* bitmap; 1 = free */
  218         TAILQ_ENTRY(pv_chunk)   pc_lru;
  219         struct pv_entry         pc_pventry[_NPCPV];
  220 };
  221 
  222 #ifdef  _KERNEL
  223 
  224 extern char *ptvmmap;           /* poor name! */
  225 extern vm_offset_t virtual_avail;
  226 extern vm_offset_t virtual_end;
  227 
  228 #define pmap_page_get_memattr(m)        ((vm_memattr_t)(m)->md.pat_mode)
  229 #define pmap_page_is_write_mapped(m)    (((m)->a.flags & PGA_WRITEABLE) != 0)
  230 #define pmap_unmapbios(va, sz)  pmap_unmapdev((va), (sz))
  231 
  232 static inline int
  233 pmap_vmspace_copy(pmap_t dst_pmap __unused, pmap_t src_pmap __unused)
  234 {
  235 
  236         return (0);
  237 }
  238 
  239 struct sf_buf;
  240 
  241 #define pmap_vm_page_alloc_check(m)
  242 
  243 /*
  244  * Only the following functions or macros may be used before pmap_bootstrap()
  245  * is called: pmap_kenter(), pmap_kextract(), pmap_kremove(), vtophys(), and
  246  * vtopte().
  247  */
  248 void    pmap_activate_boot(pmap_t pmap);
  249 void    pmap_basemem_setup(u_int basemem);
  250 void    *pmap_bios16_enter(void);
  251 void    pmap_bios16_leave(void *handle);
  252 void    pmap_bootstrap(vm_paddr_t);
  253 int     pmap_cache_bits(pmap_t, int mode, boolean_t is_pde);
  254 int     pmap_change_attr(vm_offset_t, vm_size_t, int);
  255 caddr_t pmap_cmap3(vm_paddr_t pa, u_int pte_bits);
  256 void    pmap_cp_slow0_map(vm_offset_t kaddr, int plen, vm_page_t *ma);
  257 void    pmap_flush_page(vm_page_t m);
  258 u_int   pmap_get_kcr3(void);
  259 u_int   pmap_get_cr3(pmap_t);
  260 vm_offset_t pmap_get_map_low(void);
  261 vm_offset_t pmap_get_vm_maxuser_address(void);
  262 void    pmap_init_pat(void);
  263 void    pmap_kenter(vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa);
  264 void    *pmap_kenter_temporary(vm_paddr_t pa, int i);
  265 vm_paddr_t pmap_kextract(vm_offset_t va);
  266 void    pmap_kremove(vm_offset_t);
  267 void    pmap_ksetrw(vm_offset_t va);
  268 void    *pmap_mapbios(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t);
  269 void    *pmap_mapdev(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t);
  270 void    *pmap_mapdev_attr(vm_paddr_t, vm_size_t, int);
  271 boolean_t pmap_page_is_mapped(vm_page_t m);
  272 void    pmap_page_set_memattr(vm_page_t m, vm_memattr_t ma);
  273 vm_paddr_t pmap_pg_frame(vm_paddr_t pa);
  274 bool    pmap_ps_enabled(pmap_t pmap);
  275 void    pmap_remap_lower(bool);
  276 void    pmap_remap_lowptdi(bool);
  277 void    pmap_set_nx(void);
  278 void    pmap_sf_buf_map(struct sf_buf *sf);
  279 void    pmap_unmapdev(vm_offset_t, vm_size_t);
  280 void    pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t, vm_offset_t);
  281 void    pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t);
  282 void    pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t);
  283 void    pmap_invalidate_cache(void);
  284 void    pmap_invalidate_cache_pages(vm_page_t *pages, int count);
  285 void    pmap_invalidate_cache_range(vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva);
  286 void    pmap_force_invalidate_cache_range(vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva);
  287 void    *pmap_trm_alloc(size_t size, int flags);
  288 void    pmap_trm_free(void *addr, size_t size);
  289 
  290 void    invltlb_glob(void);
  291 
  292 struct thread;
  293 
  294 extern int pae_mode;
  295 extern int i386_pmap_VM_NFREEORDER;
  296 extern int i386_pmap_VM_LEVEL_0_ORDER;
  297 extern int i386_pmap_PDRSHIFT;
  298 
  299 #endif /* _KERNEL */
  300 
  301 #endif /* !LOCORE */
  302 
  303 #endif /* !_MACHINE_PMAP_H_ */

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