The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/kern/init_main.c

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 1995 Terrence R. Lambert
    3  * All rights reserved.
    4  *
    5  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
    6  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
    7  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
    8  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
    9  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
   10  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
   11  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
   12  *
   13  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   14  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   15  * are met:
   16  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   18  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   20  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   21  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
   22  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
   23  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
   24  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
   25  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   26  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   27  *    without specific prior written permission.
   28  *
   29  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   30  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   31  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   32  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   33  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   34  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   35  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   36  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   37  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   38  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   39  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   40  *
   41  *      @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
   42  */
   43 
   44 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
   45 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: releng/10.2/sys/kern/init_main.c 281847 2015-04-22 10:25:08Z pluknet $");
   46 
   47 #include "opt_ddb.h"
   48 #include "opt_init_path.h"
   49 
   50 #include <sys/param.h>
   51 #include <sys/kernel.h>
   52 #include <sys/exec.h>
   53 #include <sys/file.h>
   54 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
   55 #include <sys/jail.h>
   56 #include <sys/ktr.h>
   57 #include <sys/lock.h>
   58 #include <sys/loginclass.h>
   59 #include <sys/mount.h>
   60 #include <sys/mutex.h>
   61 #include <sys/syscallsubr.h>
   62 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
   63 #include <sys/proc.h>
   64 #include <sys/racct.h>
   65 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
   66 #include <sys/systm.h>
   67 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
   68 #include <sys/vnode.h>
   69 #include <sys/sysent.h>
   70 #include <sys/reboot.h>
   71 #include <sys/sched.h>
   72 #include <sys/sx.h>
   73 #include <sys/sysproto.h>
   74 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
   75 #include <sys/unistd.h>
   76 #include <sys/malloc.h>
   77 #include <sys/conf.h>
   78 #include <sys/cpuset.h>
   79 
   80 #include <machine/cpu.h>
   81 
   82 #include <security/audit/audit.h>
   83 #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
   84 
   85 #include <vm/vm.h>
   86 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
   87 #include <vm/pmap.h>
   88 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
   89 #include <sys/copyright.h>
   90 
   91 #include <ddb/ddb.h>
   92 #include <ddb/db_sym.h>
   93 
   94 void mi_startup(void);                          /* Should be elsewhere */
   95 
   96 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
   97 static struct session session0;
   98 static struct pgrp pgrp0;
   99 struct  proc proc0;
  100 struct  thread thread0 __aligned(16);
  101 struct  vmspace vmspace0;
  102 struct  proc *initproc;
  103 
  104 #ifndef BOOTHOWTO
  105 #define BOOTHOWTO       0
  106 #endif
  107 int     boothowto = BOOTHOWTO;  /* initialized so that it can be patched */
  108 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, boothowto, CTLFLAG_RD, &boothowto, 0,
  109         "Boot control flags, passed from loader");
  110 
  111 #ifndef BOOTVERBOSE
  112 #define BOOTVERBOSE     0
  113 #endif
  114 int     bootverbose = BOOTVERBOSE;
  115 SYSCTL_INT(_debug, OID_AUTO, bootverbose, CTLFLAG_RW, &bootverbose, 0,
  116         "Control the output of verbose kernel messages");
  117 
  118 /*
  119  * This ensures that there is at least one entry so that the sysinit_set
  120  * symbol is not undefined.  A sybsystem ID of SI_SUB_DUMMY is never
  121  * executed.
  122  */
  123 SYSINIT(placeholder, SI_SUB_DUMMY, SI_ORDER_ANY, NULL, NULL);
  124 
  125 /*
  126  * The sysinit table itself.  Items are checked off as the are run.
  127  * If we want to register new sysinit types, add them to newsysinit.
  128  */
  129 SET_DECLARE(sysinit_set, struct sysinit);
  130 struct sysinit **sysinit, **sysinit_end;
  131 struct sysinit **newsysinit, **newsysinit_end;
  132 
  133 /*
  134  * Merge a new sysinit set into the current set, reallocating it if
  135  * necessary.  This can only be called after malloc is running.
  136  */
  137 void
  138 sysinit_add(struct sysinit **set, struct sysinit **set_end)
  139 {
  140         struct sysinit **newset;
  141         struct sysinit **sipp;
  142         struct sysinit **xipp;
  143         int count;
  144 
  145         count = set_end - set;
  146         if (newsysinit)
  147                 count += newsysinit_end - newsysinit;
  148         else
  149                 count += sysinit_end - sysinit;
  150         newset = malloc(count * sizeof(*sipp), M_TEMP, M_NOWAIT);
  151         if (newset == NULL)
  152                 panic("cannot malloc for sysinit");
  153         xipp = newset;
  154         if (newsysinit)
  155                 for (sipp = newsysinit; sipp < newsysinit_end; sipp++)
  156                         *xipp++ = *sipp;
  157         else
  158                 for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++)
  159                         *xipp++ = *sipp;
  160         for (sipp = set; sipp < set_end; sipp++)
  161                 *xipp++ = *sipp;
  162         if (newsysinit)
  163                 free(newsysinit, M_TEMP);
  164         newsysinit = newset;
  165         newsysinit_end = newset + count;
  166 }
  167 
  168 #if defined (DDB) && defined(VERBOSE_SYSINIT)
  169 static const char *
  170 symbol_name(vm_offset_t va, db_strategy_t strategy)
  171 {
  172         const char *name;
  173         c_db_sym_t sym;
  174         db_expr_t  offset;
  175 
  176         if (va == 0)
  177                 return (NULL);
  178         sym = db_search_symbol(va, strategy, &offset);
  179         if (offset != 0)
  180                 return (NULL);
  181         db_symbol_values(sym, &name, NULL);
  182         return (name);
  183 }
  184 #endif
  185 
  186 /*
  187  * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
  188  * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon.  Most of the
  189  * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
  190  * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
  191  *
  192  * This allows simple addition of new kernel subsystems that require
  193  * boot time initialization.  It also allows substitution of subsystem
  194  * (for instance, a scheduler, kernel profiler, or VM system) by object
  195  * module.  Finally, it allows for optional "kernel threads".
  196  */
  197 void
  198 mi_startup(void)
  199 {
  200 
  201         register struct sysinit **sipp;         /* system initialization*/
  202         register struct sysinit **xipp;         /* interior loop of sort*/
  203         register struct sysinit *save;          /* bubble*/
  204 
  205 #if defined(VERBOSE_SYSINIT)
  206         int last;
  207         int verbose;
  208 #endif
  209 
  210         if (boothowto & RB_VERBOSE)
  211                 bootverbose++;
  212 
  213         if (sysinit == NULL) {
  214                 sysinit = SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set);
  215                 sysinit_end = SET_LIMIT(sysinit_set);
  216         }
  217 
  218 restart:
  219         /*
  220          * Perform a bubble sort of the system initialization objects by
  221          * their subsystem (primary key) and order (secondary key).
  222          */
  223         for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) {
  224                 for (xipp = sipp + 1; xipp < sysinit_end; xipp++) {
  225                         if ((*sipp)->subsystem < (*xipp)->subsystem ||
  226                              ((*sipp)->subsystem == (*xipp)->subsystem &&
  227                               (*sipp)->order <= (*xipp)->order))
  228                                 continue;       /* skip*/
  229                         save = *sipp;
  230                         *sipp = *xipp;
  231                         *xipp = save;
  232                 }
  233         }
  234 
  235 #if defined(VERBOSE_SYSINIT)
  236         last = SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT;
  237         verbose = 0;
  238 #if !defined(DDB)
  239         printf("VERBOSE_SYSINIT: DDB not enabled, symbol lookups disabled.\n");
  240 #endif
  241 #endif
  242 
  243         /*
  244          * Traverse the (now) ordered list of system initialization tasks.
  245          * Perform each task, and continue on to the next task.
  246          */
  247         for (sipp = sysinit; sipp < sysinit_end; sipp++) {
  248 
  249                 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DUMMY)
  250                         continue;       /* skip dummy task(s)*/
  251 
  252                 if ((*sipp)->subsystem == SI_SUB_DONE)
  253                         continue;
  254 
  255 #if defined(VERBOSE_SYSINIT)
  256                 if ((*sipp)->subsystem > last) {
  257                         verbose = 1;
  258                         last = (*sipp)->subsystem;
  259                         printf("subsystem %x\n", last);
  260                 }
  261                 if (verbose) {
  262 #if defined(DDB)
  263                         const char *func, *data;
  264 
  265                         func = symbol_name((vm_offset_t)(*sipp)->func,
  266                             DB_STGY_PROC);
  267                         data = symbol_name((vm_offset_t)(*sipp)->udata,
  268                             DB_STGY_ANY);
  269                         if (func != NULL && data != NULL)
  270                                 printf("   %s(&%s)... ", func, data);
  271                         else if (func != NULL)
  272                                 printf("   %s(%p)... ", func, (*sipp)->udata);
  273                         else
  274 #endif
  275                                 printf("   %p(%p)... ", (*sipp)->func,
  276                                     (*sipp)->udata);
  277                 }
  278 #endif
  279 
  280                 /* Call function */
  281                 (*((*sipp)->func))((*sipp)->udata);
  282 
  283 #if defined(VERBOSE_SYSINIT)
  284                 if (verbose)
  285                         printf("done.\n");
  286 #endif
  287 
  288                 /* Check off the one we're just done */
  289                 (*sipp)->subsystem = SI_SUB_DONE;
  290 
  291                 /* Check if we've installed more sysinit items via KLD */
  292                 if (newsysinit != NULL) {
  293                         if (sysinit != SET_BEGIN(sysinit_set))
  294                                 free(sysinit, M_TEMP);
  295                         sysinit = newsysinit;
  296                         sysinit_end = newsysinit_end;
  297                         newsysinit = NULL;
  298                         newsysinit_end = NULL;
  299                         goto restart;
  300                 }
  301         }
  302 
  303         mtx_assert(&Giant, MA_OWNED | MA_NOTRECURSED);
  304         mtx_unlock(&Giant);
  305 
  306         /*
  307          * Now hand over this thread to swapper.
  308          */
  309         swapper();
  310         /* NOTREACHED*/
  311 }
  312 
  313 
  314 /*
  315  ***************************************************************************
  316  ****
  317  **** The following SYSINIT's belong elsewhere, but have not yet
  318  **** been moved.
  319  ****
  320  ***************************************************************************
  321  */
  322 static void
  323 print_caddr_t(void *data)
  324 {
  325         printf("%s", (char *)data);
  326 }
  327 
  328 static void
  329 print_version(void *data __unused)
  330 {
  331         int len;
  332 
  333         /* Strip a trailing newline from version. */
  334         len = strlen(version);
  335         while (len > 0 && version[len - 1] == '\n')
  336                 len--;
  337         printf("%.*s %s\n", len, version, machine);
  338         printf("%s\n", compiler_version);
  339 }
  340 
  341 SYSINIT(announce, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, print_caddr_t,
  342     copyright);
  343 SYSINIT(trademark, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_SECOND, print_caddr_t,
  344     trademark);
  345 SYSINIT(version, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_THIRD, print_version, NULL);
  346 
  347 #ifdef WITNESS
  348 static char wit_warn[] =
  349      "WARNING: WITNESS option enabled, expect reduced performance.\n";
  350 SYSINIT(witwarn, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_THIRD + 1,
  351    print_caddr_t, wit_warn);
  352 SYSINIT(witwarn2, SI_SUB_LAST, SI_ORDER_THIRD + 1,
  353    print_caddr_t, wit_warn);
  354 #endif
  355 
  356 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
  357 static char diag_warn[] =
  358      "WARNING: DIAGNOSTIC option enabled, expect reduced performance.\n";
  359 SYSINIT(diagwarn, SI_SUB_COPYRIGHT, SI_ORDER_THIRD + 2,
  360     print_caddr_t, diag_warn);
  361 SYSINIT(diagwarn2, SI_SUB_LAST, SI_ORDER_THIRD + 2,
  362     print_caddr_t, diag_warn);
  363 #endif
  364 
  365 static int
  366 null_fetch_syscall_args(struct thread *td __unused,
  367     struct syscall_args *sa __unused)
  368 {
  369 
  370         panic("null_fetch_syscall_args");
  371 }
  372 
  373 static void
  374 null_set_syscall_retval(struct thread *td __unused, int error __unused)
  375 {
  376 
  377         panic("null_set_syscall_retval");
  378 }
  379 
  380 struct sysentvec null_sysvec = {
  381         .sv_size        = 0,
  382         .sv_table       = NULL,
  383         .sv_mask        = 0,
  384         .sv_sigsize     = 0,
  385         .sv_sigtbl      = NULL,
  386         .sv_errsize     = 0,
  387         .sv_errtbl      = NULL,
  388         .sv_transtrap   = NULL,
  389         .sv_fixup       = NULL,
  390         .sv_sendsig     = NULL,
  391         .sv_sigcode     = NULL,
  392         .sv_szsigcode   = NULL,
  393         .sv_prepsyscall = NULL,
  394         .sv_name        = "null",
  395         .sv_coredump    = NULL,
  396         .sv_imgact_try  = NULL,
  397         .sv_minsigstksz = 0,
  398         .sv_pagesize    = PAGE_SIZE,
  399         .sv_minuser     = VM_MIN_ADDRESS,
  400         .sv_maxuser     = VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS,
  401         .sv_usrstack    = USRSTACK,
  402         .sv_psstrings   = PS_STRINGS,
  403         .sv_stackprot   = VM_PROT_ALL,
  404         .sv_copyout_strings     = NULL,
  405         .sv_setregs     = NULL,
  406         .sv_fixlimit    = NULL,
  407         .sv_maxssiz     = NULL,
  408         .sv_flags       = 0,
  409         .sv_set_syscall_retval = null_set_syscall_retval,
  410         .sv_fetch_syscall_args = null_fetch_syscall_args,
  411         .sv_syscallnames = NULL,
  412         .sv_schedtail   = NULL,
  413 };
  414 
  415 /*
  416  ***************************************************************************
  417  ****
  418  **** The two following SYSINIT's are proc0 specific glue code.  I am not
  419  **** convinced that they can not be safely combined, but their order of
  420  **** operation has been maintained as the same as the original init_main.c
  421  **** for right now.
  422  ****
  423  **** These probably belong in init_proc.c or kern_proc.c, since they
  424  **** deal with proc0 (the fork template process).
  425  ****
  426  ***************************************************************************
  427  */
  428 /* ARGSUSED*/
  429 static void
  430 proc0_init(void *dummy __unused)
  431 {
  432         struct proc *p;
  433         struct thread *td;
  434         vm_paddr_t pageablemem;
  435         int i;
  436 
  437         GIANT_REQUIRED;
  438         p = &proc0;
  439         td = &thread0;
  440         
  441         /*
  442          * Initialize magic number and osrel.
  443          */
  444         p->p_magic = P_MAGIC;
  445         p->p_osrel = osreldate;
  446 
  447         /*
  448          * Initialize thread and process structures.
  449          */
  450         procinit();     /* set up proc zone */
  451         threadinit();   /* set up UMA zones */
  452 
  453         /*
  454          * Initialise scheduler resources.
  455          * Add scheduler specific parts to proc, thread as needed.
  456          */
  457         schedinit();    /* scheduler gets its house in order */
  458 
  459         /*
  460          * Create process 0 (the swapper).
  461          */
  462         LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list);
  463         LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PIDHASH(0), p, p_hash);
  464         mtx_init(&pgrp0.pg_mtx, "process group", NULL, MTX_DEF | MTX_DUPOK);
  465         p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0;
  466         LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash);
  467         LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members);
  468         LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist);
  469 
  470         pgrp0.pg_session = &session0;
  471         mtx_init(&session0.s_mtx, "session", NULL, MTX_DEF);
  472         refcount_init(&session0.s_count, 1);
  473         session0.s_leader = p;
  474 
  475         p->p_sysent = &null_sysvec;
  476         p->p_flag = P_SYSTEM | P_INMEM;
  477         p->p_flag2 = 0;
  478         p->p_state = PRS_NORMAL;
  479         knlist_init_mtx(&p->p_klist, &p->p_mtx);
  480         STAILQ_INIT(&p->p_ktr);
  481         p->p_nice = NZERO;
  482         /* pid_max cannot be greater than PID_MAX */
  483         td->td_tid = PID_MAX + 1;
  484         LIST_INSERT_HEAD(TIDHASH(td->td_tid), td, td_hash);
  485         td->td_state = TDS_RUNNING;
  486         td->td_pri_class = PRI_TIMESHARE;
  487         td->td_user_pri = PUSER;
  488         td->td_base_user_pri = PUSER;
  489         td->td_lend_user_pri = PRI_MAX;
  490         td->td_priority = PVM;
  491         td->td_base_pri = PVM;
  492         td->td_oncpu = 0;
  493         td->td_flags = TDF_INMEM;
  494         td->td_pflags = TDP_KTHREAD;
  495         td->td_cpuset = cpuset_thread0();
  496         prison0_init();
  497         p->p_peers = 0;
  498         p->p_leader = p;
  499         p->p_reaper = p;
  500         LIST_INIT(&p->p_reaplist);
  501 
  502         strncpy(p->p_comm, "kernel", sizeof (p->p_comm));
  503         strncpy(td->td_name, "swapper", sizeof (td->td_name));
  504 
  505         callout_init_mtx(&p->p_itcallout, &p->p_mtx, 0);
  506         callout_init_mtx(&p->p_limco, &p->p_mtx, 0);
  507         callout_init(&td->td_slpcallout, CALLOUT_MPSAFE);
  508 
  509         /* Create credentials. */
  510         p->p_ucred = crget();
  511         p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1;     /* group 0 */
  512         p->p_ucred->cr_uidinfo = uifind(0);
  513         p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo = uifind(0);
  514         p->p_ucred->cr_prison = &prison0;
  515         p->p_ucred->cr_loginclass = loginclass_find("default");
  516 #ifdef AUDIT
  517         audit_cred_kproc0(p->p_ucred);
  518 #endif
  519 #ifdef MAC
  520         mac_cred_create_swapper(p->p_ucred);
  521 #endif
  522         td->td_ucred = crhold(p->p_ucred);
  523 
  524         /* Create sigacts. */
  525         p->p_sigacts = sigacts_alloc();
  526 
  527         /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */
  528         siginit(&proc0);
  529 
  530         /* Create the file descriptor table. */
  531         p->p_fd = fdinit(NULL);
  532         p->p_fdtol = NULL;
  533 
  534         /* Create the limits structures. */
  535         p->p_limit = lim_alloc();
  536         for (i = 0; i < RLIM_NLIMITS; i++)
  537                 p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur =
  538                     p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
  539         p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur =
  540             p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles;
  541         p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur =
  542             p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc;
  543         p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_DATA].rlim_cur = dfldsiz;
  544         p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_DATA].rlim_max = maxdsiz;
  545         p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_STACK].rlim_cur = dflssiz;
  546         p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_STACK].rlim_max = maxssiz;
  547         /* Cast to avoid overflow on i386/PAE. */
  548         pageablemem = ptoa((vm_paddr_t)cnt.v_free_count);
  549         p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_cur =
  550             p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = pageablemem;
  551         p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = pageablemem / 3;
  552         p->p_limit->pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = pageablemem;
  553         p->p_cpulimit = RLIM_INFINITY;
  554 
  555         /* Initialize resource accounting structures. */
  556         racct_create(&p->p_racct);
  557 
  558         p->p_stats = pstats_alloc();
  559 
  560         /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */
  561         pmap_pinit0(vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0));
  562         p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0;
  563         vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1;
  564 
  565         /*
  566          * proc0 is not expected to enter usermode, so there is no special
  567          * handling for sv_minuser here, like is done for exec_new_vmspace().
  568          */
  569         vm_map_init(&vmspace0.vm_map, vmspace_pmap(&vmspace0),
  570             p->p_sysent->sv_minuser, p->p_sysent->sv_maxuser);
  571 
  572         /*
  573          * Call the init and ctor for the new thread and proc.  We wait
  574          * to do this until all other structures are fairly sane.
  575          */
  576         EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(process_init, p);
  577         EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(thread_init, td);
  578         EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(process_ctor, p);
  579         EVENTHANDLER_INVOKE(thread_ctor, td);
  580 
  581         /*
  582          * Charge root for one process.
  583          */
  584         (void)chgproccnt(p->p_ucred->cr_ruidinfo, 1, 0);
  585         PROC_LOCK(p);
  586         racct_add_force(p, RACCT_NPROC, 1);
  587         PROC_UNLOCK(p);
  588 }
  589 SYSINIT(p0init, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_init, NULL);
  590 
  591 /* ARGSUSED*/
  592 static void
  593 proc0_post(void *dummy __unused)
  594 {
  595         struct timespec ts;
  596         struct proc *p;
  597         struct rusage ru;
  598         struct thread *td;
  599 
  600         /*
  601          * Now we can look at the time, having had a chance to verify the
  602          * time from the filesystem.  Pretend that proc0 started now.
  603          */
  604         sx_slock(&allproc_lock);
  605         FOREACH_PROC_IN_SYSTEM(p) {
  606                 microuptime(&p->p_stats->p_start);
  607                 PROC_SLOCK(p);
  608                 rufetch(p, &ru);        /* Clears thread stats */
  609                 PROC_SUNLOCK(p);
  610                 p->p_rux.rux_runtime = 0;
  611                 p->p_rux.rux_uticks = 0;
  612                 p->p_rux.rux_sticks = 0;
  613                 p->p_rux.rux_iticks = 0;
  614                 FOREACH_THREAD_IN_PROC(p, td) {
  615                         td->td_runtime = 0;
  616                 }
  617         }
  618         sx_sunlock(&allproc_lock);
  619         PCPU_SET(switchtime, cpu_ticks());
  620         PCPU_SET(switchticks, ticks);
  621 
  622         /*
  623          * Give the ``random'' number generator a thump.
  624          */
  625         nanotime(&ts);
  626         srandom(ts.tv_sec ^ ts.tv_nsec);
  627 }
  628 SYSINIT(p0post, SI_SUB_INTRINSIC_POST, SI_ORDER_FIRST, proc0_post, NULL);
  629 
  630 static void
  631 random_init(void *dummy __unused)
  632 {
  633 
  634         /*
  635          * After CPU has been started we have some randomness on most
  636          * platforms via get_cyclecount().  For platforms that don't
  637          * we will reseed random(9) in proc0_post() as well.
  638          */
  639         srandom(get_cyclecount());
  640 }
  641 SYSINIT(random, SI_SUB_RANDOM, SI_ORDER_FIRST, random_init, NULL);
  642 
  643 /*
  644  ***************************************************************************
  645  ****
  646  **** The following SYSINIT's and glue code should be moved to the
  647  **** respective files on a per subsystem basis.
  648  ****
  649  ***************************************************************************
  650  */
  651 
  652 
  653 /*
  654  ***************************************************************************
  655  ****
  656  **** The following code probably belongs in another file, like
  657  **** kern/init_init.c.
  658  ****
  659  ***************************************************************************
  660  */
  661 
  662 /*
  663  * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
  664  */
  665 static char init_path[MAXPATHLEN] =
  666 #ifdef  INIT_PATH
  667     __XSTRING(INIT_PATH);
  668 #else
  669     "/sbin/init:/sbin/oinit:/sbin/init.bak:/rescue/init";
  670 #endif
  671 SYSCTL_STRING(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_path, CTLFLAG_RD, init_path, 0,
  672         "Path used to search the init process");
  673 
  674 /*
  675  * Shutdown timeout of init(8).
  676  * Unused within kernel, but used to control init(8), hence do not remove.
  677  */
  678 #ifndef INIT_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT
  679 #define INIT_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT 120
  680 #endif
  681 static int init_shutdown_timeout = INIT_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT;
  682 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, init_shutdown_timeout,
  683         CTLFLAG_RW, &init_shutdown_timeout, 0, "Shutdown timeout of init(8). "
  684         "Unused within kernel, but used to control init(8)");
  685 
  686 /*
  687  * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in init_path.
  688  * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
  689  */
  690 static void
  691 start_init(void *dummy)
  692 {
  693         vm_offset_t addr;
  694         struct execve_args args;
  695         int options, error;
  696         char *var, *path, *next, *s;
  697         char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1;
  698         struct thread *td;
  699         struct proc *p;
  700 
  701         mtx_lock(&Giant);
  702 
  703         GIANT_REQUIRED;
  704 
  705         td = curthread;
  706         p = td->td_proc;
  707 
  708         vfs_mountroot();
  709 
  710         /* Wipe GELI passphrase from the environment. */
  711         unsetenv("kern.geom.eli.passphrase");
  712 
  713         /*
  714          * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
  715          */
  716         addr = p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack - PAGE_SIZE;
  717         if (vm_map_find(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, NULL, 0, &addr, PAGE_SIZE, 0,
  718             VMFS_NO_SPACE, VM_PROT_ALL, VM_PROT_ALL, 0) != 0)
  719                 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
  720         p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr;
  721         p->p_vmspace->vm_ssize = 1;
  722 
  723         if ((var = getenv("init_path")) != NULL) {
  724                 strlcpy(init_path, var, sizeof(init_path));
  725                 freeenv(var);
  726         }
  727         
  728         for (path = init_path; *path != '\0'; path = next) {
  729                 while (*path == ':')
  730                         path++;
  731                 if (*path == '\0')
  732                         break;
  733                 for (next = path; *next != '\0' && *next != ':'; next++)
  734                         /* nothing */ ;
  735                 if (bootverbose)
  736                         printf("start_init: trying %.*s\n", (int)(next - path),
  737                             path);
  738                         
  739                 /*
  740                  * Move out the boot flag argument.
  741                  */
  742                 options = 0;
  743                 ucp = (char *)p->p_sysent->sv_usrstack;
  744                 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0);         /* trailing zero */
  745                 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
  746                         (void)subyte(--ucp, 's');
  747                         options = 1;
  748                 }
  749 #ifdef notyet
  750                 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
  751                         (void)subyte(--ucp, 'f');
  752                         options = 1;
  753                 }
  754 #endif
  755 
  756 #ifdef BOOTCDROM
  757                 (void)subyte(--ucp, 'C');
  758                 options = 1;
  759 #endif
  760 
  761                 if (options == 0)
  762                         (void)subyte(--ucp, '-');
  763                 (void)subyte(--ucp, '-');               /* leading hyphen */
  764                 arg1 = ucp;
  765 
  766                 /*
  767                  * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
  768                  */
  769                 (void)subyte(--ucp, 0);
  770                 for (s = next - 1; s >= path; s--)
  771                         (void)subyte(--ucp, *s);
  772                 arg0 = ucp;
  773 
  774                 /*
  775                  * Move out the arg pointers.
  776                  */
  777                 uap = (char **)((intptr_t)ucp & ~(sizeof(intptr_t)-1));
  778                 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)0);  /* terminator */
  779                 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg1);
  780                 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)(intptr_t)arg0);
  781 
  782                 /*
  783                  * Point at the arguments.
  784                  */
  785                 args.fname = arg0;
  786                 args.argv = uap;
  787                 args.envv = NULL;
  788 
  789                 /*
  790                  * Now try to exec the program.  If can't for any reason
  791                  * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
  792                  *
  793                  * Otherwise, return via fork_trampoline() all the way
  794                  * to user mode as init!
  795                  */
  796                 if ((error = sys_execve(td, &args)) == 0) {
  797                         mtx_unlock(&Giant);
  798                         return;
  799                 }
  800                 if (error != ENOENT)
  801                         printf("exec %.*s: error %d\n", (int)(next - path), 
  802                             path, error);
  803         }
  804         printf("init: not found in path %s\n", init_path);
  805         panic("no init");
  806 }
  807 
  808 /*
  809  * Like kproc_create(), but runs in it's own address space.
  810  * We do this early to reserve pid 1.
  811  *
  812  * Note special case - do not make it runnable yet.  Other work
  813  * in progress will change this more.
  814  */
  815 static void
  816 create_init(const void *udata __unused)
  817 {
  818         struct ucred *newcred, *oldcred;
  819         int error;
  820 
  821         error = fork1(&thread0, RFFDG | RFPROC | RFSTOPPED, 0, &initproc,
  822             NULL, 0);
  823         if (error)
  824                 panic("cannot fork init: %d\n", error);
  825         KASSERT(initproc->p_pid == 1, ("create_init: initproc->p_pid != 1"));
  826         /* divorce init's credentials from the kernel's */
  827         newcred = crget();
  828         sx_xlock(&proctree_lock);
  829         PROC_LOCK(initproc);
  830         initproc->p_flag |= P_SYSTEM | P_INMEM;
  831         initproc->p_treeflag |= P_TREE_REAPER;
  832         LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&initproc->p_reaplist, &proc0, p_reapsibling);
  833         oldcred = initproc->p_ucred;
  834         crcopy(newcred, oldcred);
  835 #ifdef MAC
  836         mac_cred_create_init(newcred);
  837 #endif
  838 #ifdef AUDIT
  839         audit_cred_proc1(newcred);
  840 #endif
  841         initproc->p_ucred = newcred;
  842         PROC_UNLOCK(initproc);
  843         sx_xunlock(&proctree_lock);
  844         crfree(oldcred);
  845         cred_update_thread(FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(initproc));
  846         cpu_set_fork_handler(FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(initproc), start_init, NULL);
  847 }
  848 SYSINIT(init, SI_SUB_CREATE_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, create_init, NULL);
  849 
  850 /*
  851  * Make it runnable now.
  852  */
  853 static void
  854 kick_init(const void *udata __unused)
  855 {
  856         struct thread *td;
  857 
  858         td = FIRST_THREAD_IN_PROC(initproc);
  859         thread_lock(td);
  860         TD_SET_CAN_RUN(td);
  861         sched_add(td, SRQ_BORING);
  862         thread_unlock(td);
  863 }
  864 SYSINIT(kickinit, SI_SUB_KTHREAD_INIT, SI_ORDER_FIRST, kick_init, NULL);

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