The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
Now available: The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System (Second Edition)


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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/kern/tty_inq.c

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 2008 Ed Schouten <ed@FreeBSD.org>
    3  * All rights reserved.
    4  *
    5  * Portions of this software were developed under sponsorship from Snow
    6  * B.V., the Netherlands.
    7  *
    8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   10  * are met:
   11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   16  *
   17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   28  */
   29 
   30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
   31 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
   32 
   33 #include <sys/param.h>
   34 #include <sys/kernel.h>
   35 #include <sys/lock.h>
   36 #include <sys/queue.h>
   37 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
   38 #include <sys/systm.h>
   39 #include <sys/tty.h>
   40 #include <sys/uio.h>
   41 
   42 #include <vm/uma.h>
   43 
   44 /*
   45  * TTY input queue buffering.
   46  *
   47  * Unlike the output queue, the input queue has more features that are
   48  * needed to properly implement various features offered by the TTY
   49  * interface:
   50  *
   51  * - Data can be removed from the tail of the queue, which is used to
   52  *   implement backspace.
   53  * - Once in a while, input has to be `canonicalized'. When ICANON is
   54  *   turned on, this will be done after a CR has been inserted.
   55  *   Otherwise, it should be done after any character has been inserted.
   56  * - The input queue can store one bit per byte, called the quoting bit.
   57  *   This bit is used by TTYDISC to make backspace work on quoted
   58  *   characters.
   59  *
   60  * In most cases, there is probably less input than output, so unlike
   61  * the outq, we'll stick to 128 byte blocks here.
   62  */
   63 
   64 static int ttyinq_flush_secure = 1;
   65 SYSCTL_INT(_kern, OID_AUTO, tty_inq_flush_secure, CTLFLAG_RW,
   66         &ttyinq_flush_secure, 0, "Zero buffers while flushing");
   67 
   68 #define TTYINQ_QUOTESIZE        (TTYINQ_DATASIZE / BMSIZE)
   69 #define BMSIZE                  32
   70 #define GETBIT(tib,boff) \
   71         ((tib)->tib_quotes[(boff) / BMSIZE] & (1 << ((boff) % BMSIZE)))
   72 #define SETBIT(tib,boff) \
   73         ((tib)->tib_quotes[(boff) / BMSIZE] |= (1 << ((boff) % BMSIZE)))
   74 #define CLRBIT(tib,boff) \
   75         ((tib)->tib_quotes[(boff) / BMSIZE] &= ~(1 << ((boff) % BMSIZE)))
   76 
   77 struct ttyinq_block {
   78         struct ttyinq_block     *tib_prev;
   79         struct ttyinq_block     *tib_next;
   80         uint32_t                tib_quotes[TTYINQ_QUOTESIZE];
   81         char                    tib_data[TTYINQ_DATASIZE];
   82 };
   83 
   84 static uma_zone_t ttyinq_zone;
   85 
   86 #define TTYINQ_INSERT_TAIL(ti, tib) do {                                \
   87         if (ti->ti_end == 0) {                                          \
   88                 tib->tib_prev = NULL;                                   \
   89                 tib->tib_next = ti->ti_firstblock;                      \
   90                 ti->ti_firstblock = tib;                                \
   91         } else {                                                        \
   92                 tib->tib_prev = ti->ti_lastblock;                       \
   93                 tib->tib_next = ti->ti_lastblock->tib_next;             \
   94                 ti->ti_lastblock->tib_next = tib;                       \
   95         }                                                               \
   96         if (tib->tib_next != NULL)                                      \
   97                 tib->tib_next->tib_prev = tib;                          \
   98         ti->ti_nblocks++;                                               \
   99 } while (0)
  100 
  101 #define TTYINQ_REMOVE_HEAD(ti) do {                                     \
  102         ti->ti_firstblock = ti->ti_firstblock->tib_next;                \
  103         if (ti->ti_firstblock != NULL)                                  \
  104                 ti->ti_firstblock->tib_prev = NULL;                     \
  105         ti->ti_nblocks--;                                               \
  106 } while (0)
  107 
  108 #define TTYINQ_RECYCLE(ti, tib) do {                                    \
  109         if (ti->ti_quota <= ti->ti_nblocks)                             \
  110                 uma_zfree(ttyinq_zone, tib);                            \
  111         else                                                            \
  112                 TTYINQ_INSERT_TAIL(ti, tib);                            \
  113 } while (0)
  114 
  115 void
  116 ttyinq_setsize(struct ttyinq *ti, struct tty *tp, size_t size)
  117 {
  118         struct ttyinq_block *tib;
  119 
  120         ti->ti_quota = howmany(size, TTYINQ_DATASIZE);
  121 
  122         while (ti->ti_quota > ti->ti_nblocks) {
  123                 /*
  124                  * List is getting bigger.
  125                  * Add new blocks to the tail of the list.
  126                  *
  127                  * We must unlock the TTY temporarily, because we need
  128                  * to allocate memory. This won't be a problem, because
  129                  * in the worst case, another thread ends up here, which
  130                  * may cause us to allocate too many blocks, but this
  131                  * will be caught by the loop below.
  132                  */
  133                 tty_unlock(tp);
  134                 tib = uma_zalloc(ttyinq_zone, M_WAITOK);
  135                 tty_lock(tp);
  136 
  137                 TTYINQ_INSERT_TAIL(ti, tib);
  138         }
  139 }
  140 
  141 void
  142 ttyinq_free(struct ttyinq *ti)
  143 {
  144         struct ttyinq_block *tib;
  145 
  146         ttyinq_flush(ti);
  147         ti->ti_quota = 0;
  148 
  149         while ((tib = ti->ti_firstblock) != NULL) {
  150                 TTYINQ_REMOVE_HEAD(ti);
  151                 uma_zfree(ttyinq_zone, tib);
  152         }
  153 
  154         MPASS(ti->ti_nblocks == 0);
  155 }
  156 
  157 int
  158 ttyinq_read_uio(struct ttyinq *ti, struct tty *tp, struct uio *uio,
  159     size_t rlen, size_t flen)
  160 {
  161 
  162         MPASS(rlen <= uio->uio_resid);
  163 
  164         while (rlen > 0) {
  165                 int error;
  166                 struct ttyinq_block *tib;
  167                 size_t cbegin, cend, clen;
  168 
  169                 /* See if there still is data. */
  170                 if (ti->ti_begin == ti->ti_linestart)
  171                         return (0);
  172                 tib = ti->ti_firstblock;
  173                 if (tib == NULL)
  174                         return (0);
  175 
  176                 /*
  177                  * The end address should be the lowest of these three:
  178                  * - The write pointer
  179                  * - The blocksize - we can't read beyond the block
  180                  * - The end address if we could perform the full read
  181                  */
  182                 cbegin = ti->ti_begin;
  183                 cend = MIN(MIN(ti->ti_linestart, ti->ti_begin + rlen),
  184                     TTYINQ_DATASIZE);
  185                 clen = cend - cbegin;
  186                 MPASS(clen >= flen);
  187                 rlen -= clen;
  188 
  189                 /*
  190                  * We can prevent buffering in some cases:
  191                  * - We need to read the block until the end.
  192                  * - We don't need to read the block until the end, but
  193                  *   there is no data beyond it, which allows us to move
  194                  *   the write pointer to a new block.
  195                  */
  196                 if (cend == TTYINQ_DATASIZE || cend == ti->ti_end) {
  197                         /*
  198                          * Fast path: zero copy. Remove the first block,
  199                          * so we can unlock the TTY temporarily.
  200                          */
  201                         TTYINQ_REMOVE_HEAD(ti);
  202                         ti->ti_begin = 0;
  203 
  204                         /*
  205                          * Because we remove the first block, we must
  206                          * fix up the block offsets.
  207                          */
  208 #define CORRECT_BLOCK(t) do {                   \
  209         if (t <= TTYINQ_DATASIZE)               \
  210                 t = 0;                          \
  211         else                                    \
  212                 t -= TTYINQ_DATASIZE;           \
  213 } while (0)
  214                         CORRECT_BLOCK(ti->ti_linestart);
  215                         CORRECT_BLOCK(ti->ti_reprint);
  216                         CORRECT_BLOCK(ti->ti_end);
  217 #undef CORRECT_BLOCK
  218 
  219                         /*
  220                          * Temporary unlock and copy the data to
  221                          * userspace. We may need to flush trailing
  222                          * bytes, like EOF characters.
  223                          */
  224                         tty_unlock(tp);
  225                         error = uiomove(tib->tib_data + cbegin,
  226                             clen - flen, uio);
  227                         tty_lock(tp);
  228 
  229                         /* Block can now be readded to the list. */
  230                         TTYINQ_RECYCLE(ti, tib);
  231                 } else {
  232                         char ob[TTYINQ_DATASIZE - 1];
  233 
  234                         /*
  235                          * Slow path: store data in a temporary buffer.
  236                          */
  237                         memcpy(ob, tib->tib_data + cbegin, clen - flen);
  238                         ti->ti_begin += clen;
  239                         MPASS(ti->ti_begin < TTYINQ_DATASIZE);
  240 
  241                         /* Temporary unlock and copy the data to userspace. */
  242                         tty_unlock(tp);
  243                         error = uiomove(ob, clen - flen, uio);
  244                         tty_lock(tp);
  245                 }
  246 
  247                 if (error != 0)
  248                         return (error);
  249                 if (tty_gone(tp))
  250                         return (ENXIO);
  251         }
  252 
  253         return (0);
  254 }
  255 
  256 static __inline void
  257 ttyinq_set_quotes(struct ttyinq_block *tib, size_t offset,
  258     size_t length, int value)
  259 {
  260 
  261         if (value) {
  262                 /* Set the bits. */
  263                 for (; length > 0; length--, offset++)
  264                         SETBIT(tib, offset);
  265         } else {
  266                 /* Unset the bits. */
  267                 for (; length > 0; length--, offset++)
  268                         CLRBIT(tib, offset);
  269         }
  270 }
  271 
  272 size_t
  273 ttyinq_write(struct ttyinq *ti, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, int quote)
  274 {
  275         const char *cbuf = buf;
  276         struct ttyinq_block *tib;
  277         unsigned int boff;
  278         size_t l;
  279 
  280         while (nbytes > 0) {
  281                 boff = ti->ti_end % TTYINQ_DATASIZE;
  282 
  283                 if (ti->ti_end == 0) {
  284                         /* First time we're being used or drained. */
  285                         MPASS(ti->ti_begin == 0);
  286                         tib = ti->ti_firstblock;
  287                         if (tib == NULL) {
  288                                 /* Queue has no blocks. */
  289                                 break;
  290                         }
  291                         ti->ti_lastblock = tib;
  292                 } else if (boff == 0) {
  293                         /* We reached the end of this block on last write. */
  294                         tib = ti->ti_lastblock->tib_next;
  295                         if (tib == NULL) {
  296                                 /* We've reached the watermark. */
  297                                 break;
  298                         }
  299                         ti->ti_lastblock = tib;
  300                 } else {
  301                         tib = ti->ti_lastblock;
  302                 }
  303 
  304                 /* Don't copy more than was requested. */
  305                 l = MIN(nbytes, TTYINQ_DATASIZE - boff);
  306                 MPASS(l > 0);
  307                 memcpy(tib->tib_data + boff, cbuf, l);
  308 
  309                 /* Set the quoting bits for the proper region. */
  310                 ttyinq_set_quotes(tib, boff, l, quote);
  311 
  312                 cbuf += l;
  313                 nbytes -= l;
  314                 ti->ti_end += l;
  315         }
  316 
  317         return (cbuf - (const char *)buf);
  318 }
  319 
  320 int
  321 ttyinq_write_nofrag(struct ttyinq *ti, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, int quote)
  322 {
  323         size_t ret;
  324 
  325         if (ttyinq_bytesleft(ti) < nbytes)
  326                 return (-1);
  327 
  328         /* We should always be able to write it back. */
  329         ret = ttyinq_write(ti, buf, nbytes, quote);
  330         MPASS(ret == nbytes);
  331 
  332         return (0);
  333 }
  334 
  335 void
  336 ttyinq_canonicalize(struct ttyinq *ti)
  337 {
  338 
  339         ti->ti_linestart = ti->ti_reprint = ti->ti_end;
  340         ti->ti_startblock = ti->ti_reprintblock = ti->ti_lastblock;
  341 }
  342 
  343 size_t
  344 ttyinq_findchar(struct ttyinq *ti, const char *breakc, size_t maxlen,
  345     char *lastc)
  346 {
  347         struct ttyinq_block *tib = ti->ti_firstblock;
  348         unsigned int boff = ti->ti_begin;
  349         unsigned int bend = MIN(MIN(TTYINQ_DATASIZE, ti->ti_linestart),
  350             ti->ti_begin + maxlen);
  351 
  352         MPASS(maxlen > 0);
  353 
  354         if (tib == NULL)
  355                 return (0);
  356 
  357         while (boff < bend) {
  358                 if (index(breakc, tib->tib_data[boff]) && !GETBIT(tib, boff)) {
  359                         *lastc = tib->tib_data[boff];
  360                         return (boff - ti->ti_begin + 1);
  361                 }
  362                 boff++;
  363         }
  364 
  365         /* Not found - just process the entire block. */
  366         return (bend - ti->ti_begin);
  367 }
  368 
  369 void
  370 ttyinq_flush(struct ttyinq *ti)
  371 {
  372         struct ttyinq_block *tib;
  373 
  374         ti->ti_begin = 0;
  375         ti->ti_linestart = 0;
  376         ti->ti_reprint = 0;
  377         ti->ti_end = 0;
  378 
  379         /* Zero all data in the input queue to get rid of passwords. */
  380         if (ttyinq_flush_secure) {
  381                 for (tib = ti->ti_firstblock; tib != NULL; tib = tib->tib_next)
  382                         bzero(&tib->tib_data, sizeof tib->tib_data);
  383         }
  384 }
  385 
  386 int
  387 ttyinq_peekchar(struct ttyinq *ti, char *c, int *quote)
  388 {
  389         unsigned int boff;
  390         struct ttyinq_block *tib = ti->ti_lastblock;
  391 
  392         if (ti->ti_linestart == ti->ti_end)
  393                 return (-1);
  394 
  395         MPASS(ti->ti_end > 0);
  396         boff = (ti->ti_end - 1) % TTYINQ_DATASIZE;
  397 
  398         *c = tib->tib_data[boff];
  399         *quote = GETBIT(tib, boff);
  400 
  401         return (0);
  402 }
  403 
  404 void
  405 ttyinq_unputchar(struct ttyinq *ti)
  406 {
  407 
  408         MPASS(ti->ti_linestart < ti->ti_end);
  409 
  410         if (--ti->ti_end % TTYINQ_DATASIZE == 0) {
  411                 /* Roll back to the previous block. */
  412                 ti->ti_lastblock = ti->ti_lastblock->tib_prev;
  413                 /*
  414                  * This can only fail if we are unputchar()'ing the
  415                  * first character in the queue.
  416                  */
  417                 MPASS((ti->ti_lastblock == NULL) == (ti->ti_end == 0));
  418         }
  419 }
  420 
  421 void
  422 ttyinq_reprintpos_set(struct ttyinq *ti)
  423 {
  424 
  425         ti->ti_reprint = ti->ti_end;
  426         ti->ti_reprintblock = ti->ti_lastblock;
  427 }
  428 
  429 void
  430 ttyinq_reprintpos_reset(struct ttyinq *ti)
  431 {
  432 
  433         ti->ti_reprint = ti->ti_linestart;
  434         ti->ti_reprintblock = ti->ti_startblock;
  435 }
  436 
  437 static void
  438 ttyinq_line_iterate(struct ttyinq *ti,
  439     ttyinq_line_iterator_t *iterator, void *data,
  440     unsigned int offset, struct ttyinq_block *tib)
  441 {
  442         unsigned int boff;
  443 
  444         /* Use the proper block when we're at the queue head. */
  445         if (offset == 0)
  446                 tib = ti->ti_firstblock;
  447 
  448         /* Iterate all characters and call the iterator function. */
  449         for (; offset < ti->ti_end; offset++) {
  450                 boff = offset % TTYINQ_DATASIZE;
  451                 MPASS(tib != NULL);
  452 
  453                 /* Call back the iterator function. */
  454                 iterator(data, tib->tib_data[boff], GETBIT(tib, boff));
  455 
  456                 /* Last byte iterated - go to the next block. */
  457                 if (boff == TTYINQ_DATASIZE - 1)
  458                         tib = tib->tib_next;
  459                 MPASS(tib != NULL);
  460         }
  461 }
  462 
  463 void
  464 ttyinq_line_iterate_from_linestart(struct ttyinq *ti,
  465     ttyinq_line_iterator_t *iterator, void *data)
  466 {
  467 
  468         ttyinq_line_iterate(ti, iterator, data,
  469             ti->ti_linestart, ti->ti_startblock);
  470 }
  471 
  472 void
  473 ttyinq_line_iterate_from_reprintpos(struct ttyinq *ti,
  474     ttyinq_line_iterator_t *iterator, void *data)
  475 {
  476 
  477         ttyinq_line_iterate(ti, iterator, data,
  478             ti->ti_reprint, ti->ti_reprintblock);
  479 }
  480 
  481 static void
  482 ttyinq_startup(void *dummy)
  483 {
  484 
  485         ttyinq_zone = uma_zcreate("ttyinq", sizeof(struct ttyinq_block),
  486             NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, UMA_ALIGN_PTR, 0);
  487 }
  488 
  489 SYSINIT(ttyinq, SI_SUB_DRIVERS, SI_ORDER_FIRST, ttyinq_startup, NULL);

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