FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/netinet6/nd6_rtr.c

     /*-
      * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
      * All rights reserved.
      *
      * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
      * are met:
      * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
      *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
     *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     *    without specific prior written permission.
     *
     * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     * SUCH DAMAGE.
     *
     *      $KAME: nd6_rtr.c,v 1.111 2001/04/27 01:37:15 jinmei Exp $
     */
    
    #include <sys/cdefs.h>
    __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: releng/10.0/sys/netinet6/nd6_rtr.c 253970 2013-08-05 20:13:02Z hrs $");
    
    #include "opt_inet.h"
    #include "opt_inet6.h"
    
    #include <sys/param.h>
    #include <sys/systm.h>
    #include <sys/malloc.h>
    #include <sys/mbuf.h>
    #include <sys/socket.h>
    #include <sys/sockio.h>
    #include <sys/time.h>
    #include <sys/kernel.h>
    #include <sys/lock.h>
    #include <sys/errno.h>
    #include <sys/rwlock.h>
    #include <sys/syslog.h>
    #include <sys/queue.h>
    
    #include <net/if.h>
    #include <net/if_types.h>
    #include <net/if_dl.h>
    #include <net/route.h>
    #include <net/radix.h>
    #include <net/vnet.h>
    
    #include <netinet/in.h>
    #include <net/if_llatbl.h>
    #include <netinet6/in6_var.h>
    #include <netinet6/in6_ifattach.h>
    #include <netinet/ip6.h>
    #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
    #include <netinet6/nd6.h>
    #include <netinet/icmp6.h>
    #include <netinet6/scope6_var.h>
    
    static int rtpref(struct nd_defrouter *);
    static struct nd_defrouter *defrtrlist_update(struct nd_defrouter *);
    static int prelist_update(struct nd_prefixctl *, struct nd_defrouter *,
        struct mbuf *, int);
    static struct in6_ifaddr *in6_ifadd(struct nd_prefixctl *, int);
    static struct nd_pfxrouter *pfxrtr_lookup(struct nd_prefix *,
            struct nd_defrouter *);
    static void pfxrtr_add(struct nd_prefix *, struct nd_defrouter *);
    static void pfxrtr_del(struct nd_pfxrouter *);
    static struct nd_pfxrouter *find_pfxlist_reachable_router
    (struct nd_prefix *);
    static void defrouter_delreq(struct nd_defrouter *);
    static void nd6_rtmsg(int, struct rtentry *);
    
    static int in6_init_prefix_ltimes(struct nd_prefix *);
    static void in6_init_address_ltimes(struct nd_prefix *,
            struct in6_addrlifetime *);
    
    static int nd6_prefix_onlink(struct nd_prefix *);
    static int nd6_prefix_offlink(struct nd_prefix *);
    
    static int rt6_deleteroute(struct radix_node *, void *);
    
    VNET_DECLARE(int, nd6_recalc_reachtm_interval);
    #define V_nd6_recalc_reachtm_interval   VNET(nd6_recalc_reachtm_interval)
    
    static VNET_DEFINE(struct ifnet *, nd6_defifp);
    VNET_DEFINE(int, nd6_defifindex);
    #define V_nd6_defifp                    VNET(nd6_defifp)
    
    VNET_DEFINE(int, ip6_use_tempaddr) = 0;
   
   VNET_DEFINE(int, ip6_desync_factor);
   VNET_DEFINE(u_int32_t, ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime) = DEF_TEMP_PREFERRED_LIFETIME;
   VNET_DEFINE(u_int32_t, ip6_temp_valid_lifetime) = DEF_TEMP_VALID_LIFETIME;
   
   VNET_DEFINE(int, ip6_temp_regen_advance) = TEMPADDR_REGEN_ADVANCE;
   
   /* RTPREF_MEDIUM has to be 0! */
   #define RTPREF_HIGH     1
   #define RTPREF_MEDIUM   0
   #define RTPREF_LOW      (-1)
   #define RTPREF_RESERVED (-2)
   #define RTPREF_INVALID  (-3)    /* internal */
   
   /*
    * Receive Router Solicitation Message - just for routers.
    * Router solicitation/advertisement is mostly managed by userland program
    * (rtadvd) so here we have no function like nd6_ra_output().
    *
    * Based on RFC 2461
    */
   void
   nd6_rs_input(struct mbuf *m, int off, int icmp6len)
   {
           struct ifnet *ifp = m->m_pkthdr.rcvif;
           struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
           struct nd_router_solicit *nd_rs;
           struct in6_addr saddr6 = ip6->ip6_src;
           char *lladdr = NULL;
           int lladdrlen = 0;
           union nd_opts ndopts;
           char ip6bufs[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN], ip6bufd[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
   
           /*
            * Accept RS only when V_ip6_forwarding=1 and the interface has
            * no ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV.
            */
           if (!V_ip6_forwarding || ND_IFINFO(ifp)->flags & ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV)
                   goto freeit;
   
           /* Sanity checks */
           if (ip6->ip6_hlim != 255) {
                   nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                       "nd6_rs_input: invalid hlim (%d) from %s to %s on %s\n",
                       ip6->ip6_hlim, ip6_sprintf(ip6bufs, &ip6->ip6_src),
                       ip6_sprintf(ip6bufd, &ip6->ip6_dst), if_name(ifp)));
                   goto bad;
           }
   
           /*
            * Don't update the neighbor cache, if src = ::.
            * This indicates that the src has no IP address assigned yet.
            */
           if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&saddr6))
                   goto freeit;
   
   #ifndef PULLDOWN_TEST
           IP6_EXTHDR_CHECK(m, off, icmp6len,);
           nd_rs = (struct nd_router_solicit *)((caddr_t)ip6 + off);
   #else
           IP6_EXTHDR_GET(nd_rs, struct nd_router_solicit *, m, off, icmp6len);
           if (nd_rs == NULL) {
                   ICMP6STAT_INC(icp6s_tooshort);
                   return;
           }
   #endif
   
           icmp6len -= sizeof(*nd_rs);
           nd6_option_init(nd_rs + 1, icmp6len, &ndopts);
           if (nd6_options(&ndopts) < 0) {
                   nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                       "nd6_rs_input: invalid ND option, ignored\n"));
                   /* nd6_options have incremented stats */
                   goto freeit;
           }
   
           if (ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr) {
                   lladdr = (char *)(ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr + 1);
                   lladdrlen = ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr->nd_opt_len << 3;
           }
   
           if (lladdr && ((ifp->if_addrlen + 2 + 7) & ~7) != lladdrlen) {
                   nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                       "nd6_rs_input: lladdrlen mismatch for %s "
                       "(if %d, RS packet %d)\n",
                       ip6_sprintf(ip6bufs, &saddr6),
                       ifp->if_addrlen, lladdrlen - 2));
                   goto bad;
           }
   
           nd6_cache_lladdr(ifp, &saddr6, lladdr, lladdrlen, ND_ROUTER_SOLICIT, 0);
   
    freeit:
           m_freem(m);
           return;
   
    bad:
           ICMP6STAT_INC(icp6s_badrs);
           m_freem(m);
   }
   
   /*
    * Receive Router Advertisement Message.
    *
    * Based on RFC 2461
    * TODO: on-link bit on prefix information
    * TODO: ND_RA_FLAG_{OTHER,MANAGED} processing
    */
   void
   nd6_ra_input(struct mbuf *m, int off, int icmp6len)
   {
           struct ifnet *ifp = m->m_pkthdr.rcvif;
           struct nd_ifinfo *ndi = ND_IFINFO(ifp);
           struct ip6_hdr *ip6 = mtod(m, struct ip6_hdr *);
           struct nd_router_advert *nd_ra;
           struct in6_addr saddr6 = ip6->ip6_src;
           int mcast = 0;
           union nd_opts ndopts;
           struct nd_defrouter *dr;
           char ip6bufs[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN], ip6bufd[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
   
           /*
            * We only accept RAs only when the per-interface flag
            * ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV is on the receiving interface.
            */
           if (!(ndi->flags & ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV))
                   goto freeit;
   
           if (ip6->ip6_hlim != 255) {
                   nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                       "nd6_ra_input: invalid hlim (%d) from %s to %s on %s\n",
                       ip6->ip6_hlim, ip6_sprintf(ip6bufs, &ip6->ip6_src),
                       ip6_sprintf(ip6bufd, &ip6->ip6_dst), if_name(ifp)));
                   goto bad;
           }
   
           if (!IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&saddr6)) {
                   nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                       "nd6_ra_input: src %s is not link-local\n",
                       ip6_sprintf(ip6bufs, &saddr6)));
                   goto bad;
           }
   
   #ifndef PULLDOWN_TEST
           IP6_EXTHDR_CHECK(m, off, icmp6len,);
           nd_ra = (struct nd_router_advert *)((caddr_t)ip6 + off);
   #else
           IP6_EXTHDR_GET(nd_ra, struct nd_router_advert *, m, off, icmp6len);
           if (nd_ra == NULL) {
                   ICMP6STAT_INC(icp6s_tooshort);
                   return;
           }
   #endif
   
           icmp6len -= sizeof(*nd_ra);
           nd6_option_init(nd_ra + 1, icmp6len, &ndopts);
           if (nd6_options(&ndopts) < 0) {
                   nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                       "nd6_ra_input: invalid ND option, ignored\n"));
                   /* nd6_options have incremented stats */
                   goto freeit;
           }
   
       {
           struct nd_defrouter dr0;
           u_int32_t advreachable = nd_ra->nd_ra_reachable;
   
           /* remember if this is a multicasted advertisement */
           if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&ip6->ip6_dst))
                   mcast = 1;
   
           bzero(&dr0, sizeof(dr0));
           dr0.rtaddr = saddr6;
           dr0.flags  = nd_ra->nd_ra_flags_reserved;
           /*
            * Effectively-disable routes from RA messages when
            * ND6_IFF_NO_RADR enabled on the receiving interface or
            * (ip6.forwarding == 1 && ip6.rfc6204w3 != 1).
            */
           if (ndi->flags & ND6_IFF_NO_RADR)
                   dr0.rtlifetime = 0;
           else if (V_ip6_forwarding && !V_ip6_rfc6204w3)
                   dr0.rtlifetime = 0;
           else
                   dr0.rtlifetime = ntohs(nd_ra->nd_ra_router_lifetime);
           dr0.expire = time_uptime + dr0.rtlifetime;
           dr0.ifp = ifp;
           /* unspecified or not? (RFC 2461 6.3.4) */
           if (advreachable) {
                   advreachable = ntohl(advreachable);
                   if (advreachable <= MAX_REACHABLE_TIME &&
                       ndi->basereachable != advreachable) {
                           ndi->basereachable = advreachable;
                           ndi->reachable = ND_COMPUTE_RTIME(ndi->basereachable);
                           ndi->recalctm = V_nd6_recalc_reachtm_interval; /* reset */
                   }
           }
           if (nd_ra->nd_ra_retransmit)
                   ndi->retrans = ntohl(nd_ra->nd_ra_retransmit);
           if (nd_ra->nd_ra_curhoplimit)
                   ndi->chlim = nd_ra->nd_ra_curhoplimit;
           dr = defrtrlist_update(&dr0);
       }
   
           /*
            * prefix
            */
           if (ndopts.nd_opts_pi) {
                   struct nd_opt_hdr *pt;
                   struct nd_opt_prefix_info *pi = NULL;
                   struct nd_prefixctl pr;
   
                   for (pt = (struct nd_opt_hdr *)ndopts.nd_opts_pi;
                        pt <= (struct nd_opt_hdr *)ndopts.nd_opts_pi_end;
                        pt = (struct nd_opt_hdr *)((caddr_t)pt +
                                                   (pt->nd_opt_len << 3))) {
                           if (pt->nd_opt_type != ND_OPT_PREFIX_INFORMATION)
                                   continue;
                           pi = (struct nd_opt_prefix_info *)pt;
   
                           if (pi->nd_opt_pi_len != 4) {
                                   nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                                       "nd6_ra_input: invalid option "
                                       "len %d for prefix information option, "
                                       "ignored\n", pi->nd_opt_pi_len));
                                   continue;
                           }
   
                           if (128 < pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len) {
                                   nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                                       "nd6_ra_input: invalid prefix "
                                       "len %d for prefix information option, "
                                       "ignored\n", pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len));
                                   continue;
                           }
   
                           if (IN6_IS_ADDR_MULTICAST(&pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix)
                            || IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix)) {
                                   nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                                       "nd6_ra_input: invalid prefix "
                                       "%s, ignored\n",
                                       ip6_sprintf(ip6bufs,
                                           &pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix)));
                                   continue;
                           }
   
                           bzero(&pr, sizeof(pr));
                           pr.ndpr_prefix.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
                           pr.ndpr_prefix.sin6_len = sizeof(pr.ndpr_prefix);
                           pr.ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr = pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix;
                           pr.ndpr_ifp = (struct ifnet *)m->m_pkthdr.rcvif;
   
                           pr.ndpr_raf_onlink = (pi->nd_opt_pi_flags_reserved &
                               ND_OPT_PI_FLAG_ONLINK) ? 1 : 0;
                           pr.ndpr_raf_auto = (pi->nd_opt_pi_flags_reserved &
                               ND_OPT_PI_FLAG_AUTO) ? 1 : 0;
                           pr.ndpr_plen = pi->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len;
                           pr.ndpr_vltime = ntohl(pi->nd_opt_pi_valid_time);
                           pr.ndpr_pltime = ntohl(pi->nd_opt_pi_preferred_time);
                           (void)prelist_update(&pr, dr, m, mcast);
                   }
           }
   
           /*
            * MTU
            */
           if (ndopts.nd_opts_mtu && ndopts.nd_opts_mtu->nd_opt_mtu_len == 1) {
                   u_long mtu;
                   u_long maxmtu;
   
                   mtu = (u_long)ntohl(ndopts.nd_opts_mtu->nd_opt_mtu_mtu);
   
                   /* lower bound */
                   if (mtu < IPV6_MMTU) {
                           nd6log((LOG_INFO, "nd6_ra_input: bogus mtu option "
                               "mtu=%lu sent from %s, ignoring\n",
                               mtu, ip6_sprintf(ip6bufs, &ip6->ip6_src)));
                           goto skip;
                   }
   
                   /* upper bound */
                   maxmtu = (ndi->maxmtu && ndi->maxmtu < ifp->if_mtu)
                       ? ndi->maxmtu : ifp->if_mtu;
                   if (mtu <= maxmtu) {
                           int change = (ndi->linkmtu != mtu);
   
                           ndi->linkmtu = mtu;
                           if (change) /* in6_maxmtu may change */
                                   in6_setmaxmtu();
                   } else {
                           nd6log((LOG_INFO, "nd6_ra_input: bogus mtu "
                               "mtu=%lu sent from %s; "
                               "exceeds maxmtu %lu, ignoring\n",
                               mtu, ip6_sprintf(ip6bufs, &ip6->ip6_src), maxmtu));
                   }
           }
   
    skip:
   
           /*
            * Source link layer address
            */
       {
           char *lladdr = NULL;
           int lladdrlen = 0;
   
           if (ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr) {
                   lladdr = (char *)(ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr + 1);
                   lladdrlen = ndopts.nd_opts_src_lladdr->nd_opt_len << 3;
           }
   
           if (lladdr && ((ifp->if_addrlen + 2 + 7) & ~7) != lladdrlen) {
                   nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                       "nd6_ra_input: lladdrlen mismatch for %s "
                       "(if %d, RA packet %d)\n", ip6_sprintf(ip6bufs, &saddr6),
                       ifp->if_addrlen, lladdrlen - 2));
                   goto bad;
           }
   
           nd6_cache_lladdr(ifp, &saddr6, lladdr,
               lladdrlen, ND_ROUTER_ADVERT, 0);
   
           /*
            * Installing a link-layer address might change the state of the
            * router's neighbor cache, which might also affect our on-link
            * detection of adveritsed prefixes.
            */
           pfxlist_onlink_check();
       }
   
    freeit:
           m_freem(m);
           return;
   
    bad:
           ICMP6STAT_INC(icp6s_badra);
           m_freem(m);
   }
   
   /*
    * default router list proccessing sub routines
    */
   
   /* tell the change to user processes watching the routing socket. */
   static void
   nd6_rtmsg(int cmd, struct rtentry *rt)
   {
           struct rt_addrinfo info;
           struct ifnet *ifp;
           struct ifaddr *ifa;
   
           bzero((caddr_t)&info, sizeof(info));
           info.rti_info[RTAX_DST] = rt_key(rt);
           info.rti_info[RTAX_GATEWAY] = rt->rt_gateway;
           info.rti_info[RTAX_NETMASK] = rt_mask(rt);
           ifp = rt->rt_ifp;
           if (ifp != NULL) {
                   IF_ADDR_RLOCK(ifp);
                   ifa = TAILQ_FIRST(&ifp->if_addrhead);
                   info.rti_info[RTAX_IFP] = ifa->ifa_addr;
                   ifa_ref(ifa);
                   IF_ADDR_RUNLOCK(ifp);
                   info.rti_info[RTAX_IFA] = rt->rt_ifa->ifa_addr;
           } else
                   ifa = NULL;
   
           rt_missmsg_fib(cmd, &info, rt->rt_flags, 0, rt->rt_fibnum);
           if (ifa != NULL)
                   ifa_free(ifa);
   }
   
   static void
   defrouter_addreq(struct nd_defrouter *new)
   {
           struct sockaddr_in6 def, mask, gate;
           struct rtentry *newrt = NULL;
           int error;
   
           bzero(&def, sizeof(def));
           bzero(&mask, sizeof(mask));
           bzero(&gate, sizeof(gate));
   
           def.sin6_len = mask.sin6_len = gate.sin6_len =
               sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
           def.sin6_family = gate.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
           gate.sin6_addr = new->rtaddr;
   
           error = in6_rtrequest(RTM_ADD, (struct sockaddr *)&def,
               (struct sockaddr *)&gate, (struct sockaddr *)&mask,
               RTF_GATEWAY, &newrt, RT_DEFAULT_FIB);
           if (newrt) {
                   nd6_rtmsg(RTM_ADD, newrt); /* tell user process */
                   RTFREE(newrt);
           }
           if (error == 0)
                   new->installed = 1;
           return;
   }
   
   struct nd_defrouter *
   defrouter_lookup(struct in6_addr *addr, struct ifnet *ifp)
   {
           struct nd_defrouter *dr;
   
           TAILQ_FOREACH(dr, &V_nd_defrouter, dr_entry) {
                   if (dr->ifp == ifp && IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(addr, &dr->rtaddr))
                           return (dr);
           }
   
           return (NULL);          /* search failed */
   }
   
   /*
    * Remove the default route for a given router.
    * This is just a subroutine function for defrouter_select(), and should
    * not be called from anywhere else.
    */
   static void
   defrouter_delreq(struct nd_defrouter *dr)
   {
           struct sockaddr_in6 def, mask, gate;
           struct rtentry *oldrt = NULL;
   
           bzero(&def, sizeof(def));
           bzero(&mask, sizeof(mask));
           bzero(&gate, sizeof(gate));
   
           def.sin6_len = mask.sin6_len = gate.sin6_len =
               sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
           def.sin6_family = gate.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
           gate.sin6_addr = dr->rtaddr;
   
           in6_rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, (struct sockaddr *)&def,
               (struct sockaddr *)&gate,
               (struct sockaddr *)&mask, RTF_GATEWAY, &oldrt, RT_DEFAULT_FIB);
           if (oldrt) {
                   nd6_rtmsg(RTM_DELETE, oldrt);
                   RTFREE(oldrt);
           }
   
           dr->installed = 0;
   }
   
   /*
    * remove all default routes from default router list
    */
   void
   defrouter_reset(void)
   {
           struct nd_defrouter *dr;
   
           TAILQ_FOREACH(dr, &V_nd_defrouter, dr_entry)
                   defrouter_delreq(dr);
   
           /*
            * XXX should we also nuke any default routers in the kernel, by
            * going through them by rtalloc1()?
            */
   }
   
   void
   defrtrlist_del(struct nd_defrouter *dr)
   {
           struct nd_defrouter *deldr = NULL;
           struct nd_prefix *pr;
   
           /*
            * Flush all the routing table entries that use the router
            * as a next hop.
            */
           if (ND_IFINFO(dr->ifp)->flags & ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV)
                   rt6_flush(&dr->rtaddr, dr->ifp);
   
           if (dr->installed) {
                   deldr = dr;
                   defrouter_delreq(dr);
           }
           TAILQ_REMOVE(&V_nd_defrouter, dr, dr_entry);
   
           /*
            * Also delete all the pointers to the router in each prefix lists.
            */
           LIST_FOREACH(pr, &V_nd_prefix, ndpr_entry) {
                   struct nd_pfxrouter *pfxrtr;
                   if ((pfxrtr = pfxrtr_lookup(pr, dr)) != NULL)
                           pfxrtr_del(pfxrtr);
           }
           pfxlist_onlink_check();
   
           /*
            * If the router is the primary one, choose a new one.
            * Note that defrouter_select() will remove the current gateway
            * from the routing table.
            */
           if (deldr)
                   defrouter_select();
   
           free(dr, M_IP6NDP);
   }
   
   /*
    * Default Router Selection according to Section 6.3.6 of RFC 2461 and
    * draft-ietf-ipngwg-router-selection:
    * 1) Routers that are reachable or probably reachable should be preferred.
    *    If we have more than one (probably) reachable router, prefer ones
    *    with the highest router preference.
    * 2) When no routers on the list are known to be reachable or
    *    probably reachable, routers SHOULD be selected in a round-robin
    *    fashion, regardless of router preference values.
    * 3) If the Default Router List is empty, assume that all
    *    destinations are on-link.
    *
    * We assume nd_defrouter is sorted by router preference value.
    * Since the code below covers both with and without router preference cases,
    * we do not need to classify the cases by ifdef.
    *
    * At this moment, we do not try to install more than one default router,
    * even when the multipath routing is available, because we're not sure about
    * the benefits for stub hosts comparing to the risk of making the code
    * complicated and the possibility of introducing bugs.
    */
   void
   defrouter_select(void)
   {
           struct nd_defrouter *dr, *selected_dr = NULL, *installed_dr = NULL;
           struct llentry *ln = NULL;
   
           /*
            * Let's handle easy case (3) first:
            * If default router list is empty, there's nothing to be done.
            */
           if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&V_nd_defrouter))
                   return;
   
           /*
            * Search for a (probably) reachable router from the list.
            * We just pick up the first reachable one (if any), assuming that
            * the ordering rule of the list described in defrtrlist_update().
            */
           TAILQ_FOREACH(dr, &V_nd_defrouter, dr_entry) {
                   IF_AFDATA_RLOCK(dr->ifp);
                   if (selected_dr == NULL &&
                       (ln = nd6_lookup(&dr->rtaddr, 0, dr->ifp)) &&
                       ND6_IS_LLINFO_PROBREACH(ln)) {
                           selected_dr = dr;
                   }
                   IF_AFDATA_RUNLOCK(dr->ifp);
                   if (ln != NULL) {
                           LLE_RUNLOCK(ln);
                           ln = NULL;
                   }
   
                   if (dr->installed && installed_dr == NULL)
                           installed_dr = dr;
                   else if (dr->installed && installed_dr) {
                           /* this should not happen.  warn for diagnosis. */
                           log(LOG_ERR, "defrouter_select: more than one router"
                               " is installed\n");
                   }
           }
           /*
            * If none of the default routers was found to be reachable,
            * round-robin the list regardless of preference.
            * Otherwise, if we have an installed router, check if the selected
            * (reachable) router should really be preferred to the installed one.
            * We only prefer the new router when the old one is not reachable
            * or when the new one has a really higher preference value.
            */
           if (selected_dr == NULL) {
                   if (installed_dr == NULL || !TAILQ_NEXT(installed_dr, dr_entry))
                           selected_dr = TAILQ_FIRST(&V_nd_defrouter);
                   else
                           selected_dr = TAILQ_NEXT(installed_dr, dr_entry);
           } else if (installed_dr) {
                   IF_AFDATA_RLOCK(installed_dr->ifp);
                   if ((ln = nd6_lookup(&installed_dr->rtaddr, 0, installed_dr->ifp)) &&
                       ND6_IS_LLINFO_PROBREACH(ln) &&
                       rtpref(selected_dr) <= rtpref(installed_dr)) {
                           selected_dr = installed_dr;
                   }
                   IF_AFDATA_RUNLOCK(installed_dr->ifp);
                   if (ln != NULL)
                           LLE_RUNLOCK(ln);
           }
   
           /*
            * If the selected router is different than the installed one,
            * remove the installed router and install the selected one.
            * Note that the selected router is never NULL here.
            */
           if (installed_dr != selected_dr) {
                   if (installed_dr)
                           defrouter_delreq(installed_dr);
                   defrouter_addreq(selected_dr);
           }
   
           return;
   }
   
   /*
    * for default router selection
    * regards router-preference field as a 2-bit signed integer
    */
   static int
   rtpref(struct nd_defrouter *dr)
   {
           switch (dr->flags & ND_RA_FLAG_RTPREF_MASK) {
           case ND_RA_FLAG_RTPREF_HIGH:
                   return (RTPREF_HIGH);
           case ND_RA_FLAG_RTPREF_MEDIUM:
           case ND_RA_FLAG_RTPREF_RSV:
                   return (RTPREF_MEDIUM);
           case ND_RA_FLAG_RTPREF_LOW:
                   return (RTPREF_LOW);
           default:
                   /*
                    * This case should never happen.  If it did, it would mean a
                    * serious bug of kernel internal.  We thus always bark here.
                    * Or, can we even panic?
                    */
                   log(LOG_ERR, "rtpref: impossible RA flag %x\n", dr->flags);
                   return (RTPREF_INVALID);
           }
           /* NOTREACHED */
   }
   
   static struct nd_defrouter *
   defrtrlist_update(struct nd_defrouter *new)
   {
           struct nd_defrouter *dr, *n;
   
           if ((dr = defrouter_lookup(&new->rtaddr, new->ifp)) != NULL) {
                   /* entry exists */
                   if (new->rtlifetime == 0) {
                           defrtrlist_del(dr);
                           dr = NULL;
                   } else {
                           int oldpref = rtpref(dr);
   
                           /* override */
                           dr->flags = new->flags; /* xxx flag check */
                           dr->rtlifetime = new->rtlifetime;
                           dr->expire = new->expire;
   
                           /*
                            * If the preference does not change, there's no need
                            * to sort the entries. Also make sure the selected
                            * router is still installed in the kernel.
                            */
                           if (dr->installed && rtpref(new) == oldpref)
                                   return (dr);
   
                           /*
                            * preferred router may be changed, so relocate
                            * this router.
                            * XXX: calling TAILQ_REMOVE directly is a bad manner.
                            * However, since defrtrlist_del() has many side
                            * effects, we intentionally do so here.
                            * defrouter_select() below will handle routing
                            * changes later.
                            */
                           TAILQ_REMOVE(&V_nd_defrouter, dr, dr_entry);
                           n = dr;
                           goto insert;
                   }
                   return (dr);
           }
   
           /* entry does not exist */
           if (new->rtlifetime == 0)
                   return (NULL);
   
           n = (struct nd_defrouter *)malloc(sizeof(*n), M_IP6NDP, M_NOWAIT);
           if (n == NULL)
                   return (NULL);
           bzero(n, sizeof(*n));
           *n = *new;
   
   insert:
           /*
            * Insert the new router in the Default Router List;
            * The Default Router List should be in the descending order
            * of router-preferece.  Routers with the same preference are
            * sorted in the arriving time order.
            */
   
           /* insert at the end of the group */
           TAILQ_FOREACH(dr, &V_nd_defrouter, dr_entry) {
                   if (rtpref(n) > rtpref(dr))
                           break;
           }
           if (dr)
                   TAILQ_INSERT_BEFORE(dr, n, dr_entry);
           else
                   TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&V_nd_defrouter, n, dr_entry);
   
           defrouter_select();
   
           return (n);
   }
   
   static struct nd_pfxrouter *
   pfxrtr_lookup(struct nd_prefix *pr, struct nd_defrouter *dr)
   {
           struct nd_pfxrouter *search;
   
           LIST_FOREACH(search, &pr->ndpr_advrtrs, pfr_entry) {
                   if (search->router == dr)
                           break;
           }
   
           return (search);
   }
   
   static void
   pfxrtr_add(struct nd_prefix *pr, struct nd_defrouter *dr)
   {
           struct nd_pfxrouter *new;
   
           new = (struct nd_pfxrouter *)malloc(sizeof(*new), M_IP6NDP, M_NOWAIT);
           if (new == NULL)
                   return;
           bzero(new, sizeof(*new));
           new->router = dr;
   
           LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pr->ndpr_advrtrs, new, pfr_entry);
   
           pfxlist_onlink_check();
   }
   
   static void
   pfxrtr_del(struct nd_pfxrouter *pfr)
   {
           LIST_REMOVE(pfr, pfr_entry);
           free(pfr, M_IP6NDP);
   }
   
   struct nd_prefix *
   nd6_prefix_lookup(struct nd_prefixctl *key)
   {
           struct nd_prefix *search;
   
           LIST_FOREACH(search, &V_nd_prefix, ndpr_entry) {
                   if (key->ndpr_ifp == search->ndpr_ifp &&
                       key->ndpr_plen == search->ndpr_plen &&
                       in6_are_prefix_equal(&key->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr,
                       &search->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr, key->ndpr_plen)) {
                           break;
                   }
           }
   
           return (search);
   }
   
   int
   nd6_prelist_add(struct nd_prefixctl *pr, struct nd_defrouter *dr,
       struct nd_prefix **newp)
   {
           struct nd_prefix *new = NULL;
           int error = 0;
           int i;
           char ip6buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
   
           new = (struct nd_prefix *)malloc(sizeof(*new), M_IP6NDP, M_NOWAIT);
           if (new == NULL)
                   return(ENOMEM);
           bzero(new, sizeof(*new));
           new->ndpr_ifp = pr->ndpr_ifp;
           new->ndpr_prefix = pr->ndpr_prefix;
           new->ndpr_plen = pr->ndpr_plen;
           new->ndpr_vltime = pr->ndpr_vltime;
           new->ndpr_pltime = pr->ndpr_pltime;
           new->ndpr_flags = pr->ndpr_flags;
           if ((error = in6_init_prefix_ltimes(new)) != 0) {
                   free(new, M_IP6NDP);
                   return(error);
           }
           new->ndpr_lastupdate = time_uptime;
           if (newp != NULL)
                   *newp = new;
   
           /* initialization */
           LIST_INIT(&new->ndpr_advrtrs);
           in6_prefixlen2mask(&new->ndpr_mask, new->ndpr_plen);
           /* make prefix in the canonical form */
           for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
                   new->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[i] &=
                       new->ndpr_mask.s6_addr32[i];
   
           /* link ndpr_entry to nd_prefix list */
           LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&V_nd_prefix, new, ndpr_entry);
   
           /* ND_OPT_PI_FLAG_ONLINK processing */
           if (new->ndpr_raf_onlink) {
                   int e;
   
                   if ((e = nd6_prefix_onlink(new)) != 0) {
                           nd6log((LOG_ERR, "nd6_prelist_add: failed to make "
                               "the prefix %s/%d on-link on %s (errno=%d)\n",
                               ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                               pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(pr->ndpr_ifp), e));
                           /* proceed anyway. XXX: is it correct? */
                   }
           }
   
           if (dr)
                   pfxrtr_add(new, dr);
   
           return 0;
   }
   
   void
   prelist_remove(struct nd_prefix *pr)
   {
           struct nd_pfxrouter *pfr, *next;
           int e;
           char ip6buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
   
           /* make sure to invalidate the prefix until it is really freed. */
           pr->ndpr_vltime = 0;
           pr->ndpr_pltime = 0;
   
           /*
            * Though these flags are now meaningless, we'd rather keep the value
            * of pr->ndpr_raf_onlink and pr->ndpr_raf_auto not to confuse users
            * when executing "ndp -p".
            */
   
           if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) != 0 &&
               (e = nd6_prefix_offlink(pr)) != 0) {
                   nd6log((LOG_ERR, "prelist_remove: failed to make %s/%d offlink "
                       "on %s, errno=%d\n",
                       ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                       pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(pr->ndpr_ifp), e));
                   /* what should we do? */
           }
   
           if (pr->ndpr_refcnt > 0)
                   return;         /* notice here? */
   
           /* unlink ndpr_entry from nd_prefix list */
           LIST_REMOVE(pr, ndpr_entry);
   
           /* free list of routers that adversed the prefix */
           LIST_FOREACH_SAFE(pfr, &pr->ndpr_advrtrs, pfr_entry, next) {
                   free(pfr, M_IP6NDP);
           }
           free(pr, M_IP6NDP);
   
           pfxlist_onlink_check();
   }
   
   /*
    * dr - may be NULL
    */
   
   static int
   prelist_update(struct nd_prefixctl *new, struct nd_defrouter *dr,
       struct mbuf *m, int mcast)
   {
           struct in6_ifaddr *ia6 = NULL, *ia6_match = NULL;
           struct ifaddr *ifa;
           struct ifnet *ifp = new->ndpr_ifp;
           struct nd_prefix *pr;
           int error = 0;
           int newprefix = 0;
           int auth;
           struct in6_addrlifetime lt6_tmp;
           char ip6buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
   
           auth = 0;
           if (m) {
                   /*
                    * Authenticity for NA consists authentication for
                    * both IP header and IP datagrams, doesn't it ?
                    */
   #if defined(M_AUTHIPHDR) && defined(M_AUTHIPDGM)
                   auth = ((m->m_flags & M_AUTHIPHDR) &&
                       (m->m_flags & M_AUTHIPDGM));
   #endif
           }
   
           if ((pr = nd6_prefix_lookup(new)) != NULL) {
                   /*
                    * nd6_prefix_lookup() ensures that pr and new have the same
                    * prefix on a same interface.
                    */
   
                   /*
                    * Update prefix information.  Note that the on-link (L) bit
                    * and the autonomous (A) bit should NOT be changed from 1
                    * to 0.
                    */
                   if (new->ndpr_raf_onlink == 1)
                           pr->ndpr_raf_onlink = 1;
                   if (new->ndpr_raf_auto == 1)
                           pr->ndpr_raf_auto = 1;
                   if (new->ndpr_raf_onlink) {
                           pr->ndpr_vltime = new->ndpr_vltime;
                           pr->ndpr_pltime = new->ndpr_pltime;
                          (void)in6_init_prefix_ltimes(pr); /* XXX error case? */
                          pr->ndpr_lastupdate = time_uptime;
                  }
  
                  if (new->ndpr_raf_onlink &&
                      (pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) == 0) {
                          int e;
  
                          if ((e = nd6_prefix_onlink(pr)) != 0) {
                                  nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                                      "prelist_update: failed to make "
                                      "the prefix %s/%d on-link on %s "
                                      "(errno=%d)\n",
                                      ip6_sprintf(ip6buf,
                                              &pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                                      pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(pr->ndpr_ifp), e));
                                  /* proceed anyway. XXX: is it correct? */
                          }
                  }
  
                  if (dr && pfxrtr_lookup(pr, dr) == NULL)
                          pfxrtr_add(pr, dr);
          } else {
                  struct nd_prefix *newpr = NULL;
  
                  newprefix = 1;
  
                  if (new->ndpr_vltime == 0)
                          goto end;
                  if (new->ndpr_raf_onlink == 0 && new->ndpr_raf_auto == 0)
                          goto end;
  
                  error = nd6_prelist_add(new, dr, &newpr);
                  if (error != 0 || newpr == NULL) {
                          nd6log((LOG_NOTICE, "prelist_update: "
                              "nd6_prelist_add failed for %s/%d on %s "
                              "errno=%d, returnpr=%p\n",
                              ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &new->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                              new->ndpr_plen, if_name(new->ndpr_ifp),
                              error, newpr));
                          goto end; /* we should just give up in this case. */
                  }
  
                  /*
                   * XXX: from the ND point of view, we can ignore a prefix
                   * with the on-link bit being zero.  However, we need a
                   * prefix structure for references from autoconfigured
                   * addresses.  Thus, we explicitly make sure that the prefix
                   * itself expires now.
                   */
                  if (newpr->ndpr_raf_onlink == 0) {
                          newpr->ndpr_vltime = 0;
                          newpr->ndpr_pltime = 0;
                          in6_init_prefix_ltimes(newpr);
                  }
  
                  pr = newpr;
          }
  
          /*
           * Address autoconfiguration based on Section 5.5.3 of RFC 2462.
           * Note that pr must be non NULL at this point.
           */
  
          /* 5.5.3 (a). Ignore the prefix without the A bit set. */
          if (!new->ndpr_raf_auto)
                  goto end;
  
          /*
           * 5.5.3 (b). the link-local prefix should have been ignored in
           * nd6_ra_input.
           */
  
          /* 5.5.3 (c). Consistency check on lifetimes: pltime <= vltime. */
          if (new->ndpr_pltime > new->ndpr_vltime) {
                  error = EINVAL; /* XXX: won't be used */
                  goto end;
          }
  
          /*
           * 5.5.3 (d).  If the prefix advertised is not equal to the prefix of
           * an address configured by stateless autoconfiguration already in the
           * list of addresses associated with the interface, and the Valid
           * Lifetime is not 0, form an address.  We first check if we have
           * a matching prefix.
           * Note: we apply a clarification in rfc2462bis-02 here.  We only
           * consider autoconfigured addresses while RFC2462 simply said
           * "address".
           */
          IF_ADDR_RLOCK(ifp);
          TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrhead, ifa_link) {
                  struct in6_ifaddr *ifa6;
                  u_int32_t remaininglifetime;
  
                  if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6)
                          continue;
  
                  ifa6 = (struct in6_ifaddr *)ifa;
  
                  /*
                   * We only consider autoconfigured addresses as per rfc2462bis.
                   */
                  if (!(ifa6->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF))
                          continue;
  
                  /*
                   * Spec is not clear here, but I believe we should concentrate
                   * on unicast (i.e. not anycast) addresses.
                   * XXX: other ia6_flags? detached or duplicated?
                   */
                  if ((ifa6->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_ANYCAST) != 0)
                          continue;
  
                  /*
                   * Ignore the address if it is not associated with a prefix
                   * or is associated with a prefix that is different from this
                   * one.  (pr is never NULL here)
                   */
                  if (ifa6->ia6_ndpr != pr)
                          continue;
  
                  if (ia6_match == NULL) /* remember the first one */
                          ia6_match = ifa6;
  
                  /*
                   * An already autoconfigured address matched.  Now that we
                   * are sure there is at least one matched address, we can
                   * proceed to 5.5.3. (e): update the lifetimes according to the
                   * "two hours" rule and the privacy extension.
                   * We apply some clarifications in rfc2462bis:
                   * - use remaininglifetime instead of storedlifetime as a
                   *   variable name
                   * - remove the dead code in the "two-hour" rule
                   */
  #define TWOHOUR         (120*60)
                  lt6_tmp = ifa6->ia6_lifetime;
  
                  if (lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME)
                          remaininglifetime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
                  else if (time_uptime - ifa6->ia6_updatetime >
                           lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime) {
                          /*
                           * The case of "invalid" address.  We should usually
                           * not see this case.
                           */
                          remaininglifetime = 0;
                  } else
                          remaininglifetime = lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime -
                              (time_uptime - ifa6->ia6_updatetime);
  
                  /* when not updating, keep the current stored lifetime. */
                  lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime = remaininglifetime;
  
                  if (TWOHOUR < new->ndpr_vltime ||
                      remaininglifetime < new->ndpr_vltime) {
                          lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime = new->ndpr_vltime;
                  } else if (remaininglifetime <= TWOHOUR) {
                          if (auth) {
                                  lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime = new->ndpr_vltime;
                          }
                  } else {
                          /*
                           * new->ndpr_vltime <= TWOHOUR &&
                           * TWOHOUR < remaininglifetime
                           */
                          lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime = TWOHOUR;
                  }
  
                  /* The 2 hour rule is not imposed for preferred lifetime. */
                  lt6_tmp.ia6t_pltime = new->ndpr_pltime;
  
                  in6_init_address_ltimes(pr, &lt6_tmp);
  
                  /*
                   * We need to treat lifetimes for temporary addresses
                   * differently, according to
                   * draft-ietf-ipv6-privacy-addrs-v2-01.txt 3.3 (1);
                   * we only update the lifetimes when they are in the maximum
                   * intervals.
                   */
                  if ((ifa6->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_TEMPORARY) != 0) {
                          u_int32_t maxvltime, maxpltime;
  
                          if (V_ip6_temp_valid_lifetime >
                              (u_int32_t)((time_uptime - ifa6->ia6_createtime) +
                              V_ip6_desync_factor)) {
                                  maxvltime = V_ip6_temp_valid_lifetime -
                                      (time_uptime - ifa6->ia6_createtime) -
                                      V_ip6_desync_factor;
                          } else
                                  maxvltime = 0;
                          if (V_ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime >
                              (u_int32_t)((time_uptime - ifa6->ia6_createtime) +
                              V_ip6_desync_factor)) {
                                  maxpltime = V_ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime -
                                      (time_uptime - ifa6->ia6_createtime) -
                                      V_ip6_desync_factor;
                          } else
                                  maxpltime = 0;
  
                          if (lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME ||
                              lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime > maxvltime) {
                                  lt6_tmp.ia6t_vltime = maxvltime;
                          }
                          if (lt6_tmp.ia6t_pltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME ||
                              lt6_tmp.ia6t_pltime > maxpltime) {
                                  lt6_tmp.ia6t_pltime = maxpltime;
                          }
                  }
                  ifa6->ia6_lifetime = lt6_tmp;
                  ifa6->ia6_updatetime = time_uptime;
          }
          IF_ADDR_RUNLOCK(ifp);
          if (ia6_match == NULL && new->ndpr_vltime) {
                  int ifidlen;
  
                  /*
                   * 5.5.3 (d) (continued)
                   * No address matched and the valid lifetime is non-zero.
                   * Create a new address.
                   */
  
                  /*
                   * Prefix Length check:
                   * If the sum of the prefix length and interface identifier
                   * length does not equal 128 bits, the Prefix Information
                   * option MUST be ignored.  The length of the interface
                   * identifier is defined in a separate link-type specific
                   * document.
                   */
                  ifidlen = in6_if2idlen(ifp);
                  if (ifidlen < 0) {
                          /* this should not happen, so we always log it. */
                          log(LOG_ERR, "prelist_update: IFID undefined (%s)\n",
                              if_name(ifp));
                          goto end;
                  }
                  if (ifidlen + pr->ndpr_plen != 128) {
                          nd6log((LOG_INFO,
                              "prelist_update: invalid prefixlen "
                              "%d for %s, ignored\n",
                              pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(ifp)));
                          goto end;
                  }
  
                  if ((ia6 = in6_ifadd(new, mcast)) != NULL) {
                          /*
                           * note that we should use pr (not new) for reference.
                           */
                          pr->ndpr_refcnt++;
                          ia6->ia6_ndpr = pr;
  
                          /*
                           * RFC 3041 3.3 (2).
                           * When a new public address is created as described
                           * in RFC2462, also create a new temporary address.
                           *
                           * RFC 3041 3.5.
                           * When an interface connects to a new link, a new
                           * randomized interface identifier should be generated
                           * immediately together with a new set of temporary
                           * addresses.  Thus, we specifiy 1 as the 2nd arg of
                           * in6_tmpifadd().
                           */
                          if (V_ip6_use_tempaddr) {
                                  int e;
                                  if ((e = in6_tmpifadd(ia6, 1, 1)) != 0) {
                                          nd6log((LOG_NOTICE, "prelist_update: "
                                              "failed to create a temporary "
                                              "address, errno=%d\n",
                                              e));
                                  }
                          }
                          ifa_free(&ia6->ia_ifa);
  
                          /*
                           * A newly added address might affect the status
                           * of other addresses, so we check and update it.
                           * XXX: what if address duplication happens?
                           */
                          pfxlist_onlink_check();
                  } else {
                          /* just set an error. do not bark here. */
                          error = EADDRNOTAVAIL; /* XXX: might be unused. */
                  }
          }
  
   end:
          return error;
  }
  
  /*
   * A supplement function used in the on-link detection below;
   * detect if a given prefix has a (probably) reachable advertising router.
   * XXX: lengthy function name...
   */
  static struct nd_pfxrouter *
  find_pfxlist_reachable_router(struct nd_prefix *pr)
  {
          struct nd_pfxrouter *pfxrtr;
          struct llentry *ln;
          int canreach;
  
          LIST_FOREACH(pfxrtr, &pr->ndpr_advrtrs, pfr_entry) {
                  IF_AFDATA_RLOCK(pfxrtr->router->ifp);
                  ln = nd6_lookup(&pfxrtr->router->rtaddr, 0, pfxrtr->router->ifp);
                  IF_AFDATA_RUNLOCK(pfxrtr->router->ifp);
                  if (ln == NULL)
                          continue;
                  canreach = ND6_IS_LLINFO_PROBREACH(ln);
                  LLE_RUNLOCK(ln);
                  if (canreach)
                          break;
          }
          return (pfxrtr);
  }
  
  /*
   * Check if each prefix in the prefix list has at least one available router
   * that advertised the prefix (a router is "available" if its neighbor cache
   * entry is reachable or probably reachable).
   * If the check fails, the prefix may be off-link, because, for example,
   * we have moved from the network but the lifetime of the prefix has not
   * expired yet.  So we should not use the prefix if there is another prefix
   * that has an available router.
   * But, if there is no prefix that has an available router, we still regards
   * all the prefixes as on-link.  This is because we can't tell if all the
   * routers are simply dead or if we really moved from the network and there
   * is no router around us.
   */
  void
  pfxlist_onlink_check()
  {
          struct nd_prefix *pr;
          struct in6_ifaddr *ifa;
          struct nd_defrouter *dr;
          struct nd_pfxrouter *pfxrtr = NULL;
  
          /*
           * Check if there is a prefix that has a reachable advertising
           * router.
           */
          LIST_FOREACH(pr, &V_nd_prefix, ndpr_entry) {
                  if (pr->ndpr_raf_onlink && find_pfxlist_reachable_router(pr))
                          break;
          }
  
          /*
           * If we have no such prefix, check whether we still have a router
           * that does not advertise any prefixes.
           */
          if (pr == NULL) {
                  TAILQ_FOREACH(dr, &V_nd_defrouter, dr_entry) {
                          struct nd_prefix *pr0;
  
                          LIST_FOREACH(pr0, &V_nd_prefix, ndpr_entry) {
                                  if ((pfxrtr = pfxrtr_lookup(pr0, dr)) != NULL)
                                          break;
                          }
                          if (pfxrtr != NULL)
                                  break;
                  }
          }
          if (pr != NULL || (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&V_nd_defrouter) && pfxrtr == NULL)) {
                  /*
                   * There is at least one prefix that has a reachable router,
                   * or at least a router which probably does not advertise
                   * any prefixes.  The latter would be the case when we move
                   * to a new link where we have a router that does not provide
                   * prefixes and we configure an address by hand.
                   * Detach prefixes which have no reachable advertising
                   * router, and attach other prefixes.
                   */
                  LIST_FOREACH(pr, &V_nd_prefix, ndpr_entry) {
                          /* XXX: a link-local prefix should never be detached */
                          if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr))
                                  continue;
  
                          /*
                           * we aren't interested in prefixes without the L bit
                           * set.
                           */
                          if (pr->ndpr_raf_onlink == 0)
                                  continue;
  
                          if (pr->ndpr_raf_auto == 0)
                                  continue;
  
                          if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) == 0 &&
                              find_pfxlist_reachable_router(pr) == NULL)
                                  pr->ndpr_stateflags |= NDPRF_DETACHED;
                          if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) != 0 &&
                              find_pfxlist_reachable_router(pr) != 0)
                                  pr->ndpr_stateflags &= ~NDPRF_DETACHED;
                  }
          } else {
                  /* there is no prefix that has a reachable router */
                  LIST_FOREACH(pr, &V_nd_prefix, ndpr_entry) {
                          if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr))
                                  continue;
  
                          if (pr->ndpr_raf_onlink == 0)
                                  continue;
  
                          if (pr->ndpr_raf_auto == 0)
                                  continue;
  
                          if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) != 0)
                                  pr->ndpr_stateflags &= ~NDPRF_DETACHED;
                  }
          }
  
          /*
           * Remove each interface route associated with a (just) detached
           * prefix, and reinstall the interface route for a (just) attached
           * prefix.  Note that all attempt of reinstallation does not
           * necessarily success, when a same prefix is shared among multiple
           * interfaces.  Such cases will be handled in nd6_prefix_onlink,
           * so we don't have to care about them.
           */
          LIST_FOREACH(pr, &V_nd_prefix, ndpr_entry) {
                  int e;
                  char ip6buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
  
                  if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr))
                          continue;
  
                  if (pr->ndpr_raf_onlink == 0)
                          continue;
  
                  if (pr->ndpr_raf_auto == 0)
                          continue;
  
                  if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) != 0 &&
                      (pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) != 0) {
                          if ((e = nd6_prefix_offlink(pr)) != 0) {
                                  nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                                      "pfxlist_onlink_check: failed to "
                                      "make %s/%d offlink, errno=%d\n",
                                      ip6_sprintf(ip6buf,
                                              &pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                                              pr->ndpr_plen, e));
                          }
                  }
                  if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) == 0 &&
                      (pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) == 0 &&
                      pr->ndpr_raf_onlink) {
                          if ((e = nd6_prefix_onlink(pr)) != 0) {
                                  nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                                      "pfxlist_onlink_check: failed to "
                                      "make %s/%d onlink, errno=%d\n",
                                      ip6_sprintf(ip6buf,
                                              &pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                                              pr->ndpr_plen, e));
                          }
                  }
          }
  
          /*
           * Changes on the prefix status might affect address status as well.
           * Make sure that all addresses derived from an attached prefix are
           * attached, and that all addresses derived from a detached prefix are
           * detached.  Note, however, that a manually configured address should
           * always be attached.
           * The precise detection logic is same as the one for prefixes.
           *
           * XXXRW: in6_ifaddrhead locking.
           */
          TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &V_in6_ifaddrhead, ia_link) {
                  if (!(ifa->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF))
                          continue;
  
                  if (ifa->ia6_ndpr == NULL) {
                          /*
                           * This can happen when we first configure the address
                           * (i.e. the address exists, but the prefix does not).
                           * XXX: complicated relationships...
                           */
                          continue;
                  }
  
                  if (find_pfxlist_reachable_router(ifa->ia6_ndpr))
                          break;
          }
          if (ifa) {
                  TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &V_in6_ifaddrhead, ia_link) {
                          if ((ifa->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF) == 0)
                                  continue;
  
                          if (ifa->ia6_ndpr == NULL) /* XXX: see above. */
                                  continue;
  
                          if (find_pfxlist_reachable_router(ifa->ia6_ndpr)) {
                                  if (ifa->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_DETACHED) {
                                          ifa->ia6_flags &= ~IN6_IFF_DETACHED;
                                          ifa->ia6_flags |= IN6_IFF_TENTATIVE;
                                          nd6_dad_start((struct ifaddr *)ifa, 0);
                                  }
                          } else {
                                  ifa->ia6_flags |= IN6_IFF_DETACHED;
                          }
                  }
          }
          else {
                  TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &V_in6_ifaddrhead, ia_link) {
                          if ((ifa->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF) == 0)
                                  continue;
  
                          if (ifa->ia6_flags & IN6_IFF_DETACHED) {
                                  ifa->ia6_flags &= ~IN6_IFF_DETACHED;
                                  ifa->ia6_flags |= IN6_IFF_TENTATIVE;
                                  /* Do we need a delay in this case? */
                                  nd6_dad_start((struct ifaddr *)ifa, 0);
                          }
                  }
          }
  }
  
  static int
  nd6_prefix_onlink_rtrequest(struct nd_prefix *pr, struct ifaddr *ifa)
  {
          static struct sockaddr_dl null_sdl = {sizeof(null_sdl), AF_LINK};
          struct radix_node_head *rnh;
          struct rtentry *rt;
          struct sockaddr_in6 mask6;
          u_long rtflags;
          int error, a_failure, fibnum;
  
          /*
           * in6_ifinit() sets nd6_rtrequest to ifa_rtrequest for all ifaddrs.
           * ifa->ifa_rtrequest = nd6_rtrequest;
           */
          bzero(&mask6, sizeof(mask6));
          mask6.sin6_len = sizeof(mask6);
          mask6.sin6_addr = pr->ndpr_mask;
          rtflags = (ifa->ifa_flags & ~IFA_RTSELF) | RTF_UP;
  
          a_failure = 0;
          for (fibnum = 0; fibnum < rt_numfibs; fibnum++) {
  
                  rt = NULL;
                  error = in6_rtrequest(RTM_ADD,
                      (struct sockaddr *)&pr->ndpr_prefix, ifa->ifa_addr,
                      (struct sockaddr *)&mask6, rtflags, &rt, fibnum);
                  if (error == 0) {
                          KASSERT(rt != NULL, ("%s: in6_rtrequest return no "
                              "error(%d) but rt is NULL, pr=%p, ifa=%p", __func__,
                              error, pr, ifa));
  
                          rnh = rt_tables_get_rnh(rt->rt_fibnum, AF_INET6);
                          /* XXX what if rhn == NULL? */
                          RADIX_NODE_HEAD_LOCK(rnh);
                          RT_LOCK(rt);
                          if (rt_setgate(rt, rt_key(rt),
                              (struct sockaddr *)&null_sdl) == 0) {
                                  struct sockaddr_dl *dl;
  
                                  dl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)rt->rt_gateway;
                                  dl->sdl_type = rt->rt_ifp->if_type;
                                  dl->sdl_index = rt->rt_ifp->if_index;
                          }
                          RADIX_NODE_HEAD_UNLOCK(rnh);
                          nd6_rtmsg(RTM_ADD, rt);
                          RT_UNLOCK(rt);
                          pr->ndpr_stateflags |= NDPRF_ONLINK;
                  } else {
                          char ip6buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
                          char ip6bufg[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
                          char ip6bufm[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
                          struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6;
  
                          sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)ifa->ifa_addr;
                          nd6log((LOG_ERR, "nd6_prefix_onlink: failed to add "
                              "route for a prefix (%s/%d) on %s, gw=%s, mask=%s, "
                              "flags=%lx errno = %d\n",
                              ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                              pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(pr->ndpr_ifp),
                              ip6_sprintf(ip6bufg, &sin6->sin6_addr),
                              ip6_sprintf(ip6bufm, &mask6.sin6_addr),
                              rtflags, error));
  
                          /* Save last error to return, see rtinit(). */
                          a_failure = error;
                  }
  
                  if (rt != NULL) {
                          RT_LOCK(rt);
                          RT_REMREF(rt);
                          RT_UNLOCK(rt);
                  }
          }
  
          /* Return the last error we got. */
          return (a_failure);
  }
  
  static int
  nd6_prefix_onlink(struct nd_prefix *pr)
  {
          struct ifaddr *ifa;
          struct ifnet *ifp = pr->ndpr_ifp;
          struct nd_prefix *opr;
          int error = 0;
          char ip6buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
  
          /* sanity check */
          if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) != 0) {
                  nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                      "nd6_prefix_onlink: %s/%d is already on-link\n",
                      ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                      pr->ndpr_plen));
                  return (EEXIST);
          }
  
          /*
           * Add the interface route associated with the prefix.  Before
           * installing the route, check if there's the same prefix on another
           * interface, and the prefix has already installed the interface route.
           * Although such a configuration is expected to be rare, we explicitly
           * allow it.
           */
          LIST_FOREACH(opr, &V_nd_prefix, ndpr_entry) {
                  if (opr == pr)
                          continue;
  
                  if ((opr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) == 0)
                          continue;
  
                  if (opr->ndpr_plen == pr->ndpr_plen &&
                      in6_are_prefix_equal(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr,
                      &opr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr, pr->ndpr_plen))
                          return (0);
          }
  
          /*
           * We prefer link-local addresses as the associated interface address.
           */
          /* search for a link-local addr */
          ifa = (struct ifaddr *)in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal(ifp,
              IN6_IFF_NOTREADY | IN6_IFF_ANYCAST);
          if (ifa == NULL) {
                  /* XXX: freebsd does not have ifa_ifwithaf */
                  IF_ADDR_RLOCK(ifp);
                  TAILQ_FOREACH(ifa, &ifp->if_addrhead, ifa_link) {
                          if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family == AF_INET6)
                                  break;
                  }
                  if (ifa != NULL)
                          ifa_ref(ifa);
                  IF_ADDR_RUNLOCK(ifp);
                  /* should we care about ia6_flags? */
          }
          if (ifa == NULL) {
                  /*
                   * This can still happen, when, for example, we receive an RA
                   * containing a prefix with the L bit set and the A bit clear,
                   * after removing all IPv6 addresses on the receiving
                   * interface.  This should, of course, be rare though.
                   */
                  nd6log((LOG_NOTICE,
                      "nd6_prefix_onlink: failed to find any ifaddr"
                      " to add route for a prefix(%s/%d) on %s\n",
                      ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                      pr->ndpr_plen, if_name(ifp)));
                  return (0);
          }
  
          error = nd6_prefix_onlink_rtrequest(pr, ifa);
  
          if (ifa != NULL)
                  ifa_free(ifa);
  
          return (error);
  }
  
  static int
  nd6_prefix_offlink(struct nd_prefix *pr)
  {
          int error = 0;
          struct ifnet *ifp = pr->ndpr_ifp;
          struct nd_prefix *opr;
          struct sockaddr_in6 sa6, mask6;
          struct rtentry *rt;
          char ip6buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
          int fibnum, a_failure;
  
          /* sanity check */
          if ((pr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) == 0) {
                  nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                      "nd6_prefix_offlink: %s/%d is already off-link\n",
                      ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                      pr->ndpr_plen));
                  return (EEXIST);
          }
  
          bzero(&sa6, sizeof(sa6));
          sa6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
          sa6.sin6_len = sizeof(sa6);
          bcopy(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr, &sa6.sin6_addr,
              sizeof(struct in6_addr));
          bzero(&mask6, sizeof(mask6));
          mask6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
          mask6.sin6_len = sizeof(sa6);
          bcopy(&pr->ndpr_mask, &mask6.sin6_addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
  
          a_failure = 0;
          for (fibnum = 0; fibnum < rt_numfibs; fibnum++) {
                  rt = NULL;
                  error = in6_rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, (struct sockaddr *)&sa6, NULL,
                      (struct sockaddr *)&mask6, 0, &rt, fibnum);
                  if (error == 0) {
                          /* report the route deletion to the routing socket. */
                          if (rt != NULL)
                                  nd6_rtmsg(RTM_DELETE, rt);
                  } else {
                          /* Save last error to return, see rtinit(). */
                          a_failure = error;
                  }
                  if (rt != NULL) {
                          RTFREE(rt);
                  }
          }
          error = a_failure;
          a_failure = 1;
          if (error == 0) {
                  pr->ndpr_stateflags &= ~NDPRF_ONLINK;
  
                  /*
                   * There might be the same prefix on another interface,
                   * the prefix which could not be on-link just because we have
                   * the interface route (see comments in nd6_prefix_onlink).
                   * If there's one, try to make the prefix on-link on the
                   * interface.
                   */
                  LIST_FOREACH(opr, &V_nd_prefix, ndpr_entry) {
                          if (opr == pr)
                                  continue;
  
                          if ((opr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_ONLINK) != 0)
                                  continue;
  
                          /*
                           * KAME specific: detached prefixes should not be
                           * on-link.
                           */
                          if ((opr->ndpr_stateflags & NDPRF_DETACHED) != 0)
                                  continue;
  
                          if (opr->ndpr_plen == pr->ndpr_plen &&
                              in6_are_prefix_equal(&pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr,
                              &opr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr, pr->ndpr_plen)) {
                                  int e;
  
                                  if ((e = nd6_prefix_onlink(opr)) != 0) {
                                          nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                                              "nd6_prefix_offlink: failed to "
                                              "recover a prefix %s/%d from %s "
                                              "to %s (errno = %d)\n",
                                              ip6_sprintf(ip6buf,
                                                  &opr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr),
                                              opr->ndpr_plen, if_name(ifp),
                                              if_name(opr->ndpr_ifp), e));
                                  } else
                                          a_failure = 0;
                          }
                  }
          } else {
                  /* XXX: can we still set the NDPRF_ONLINK flag? */
                  nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                      "nd6_prefix_offlink: failed to delete route: "
                      "%s/%d on %s (errno = %d)\n",
                      ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &sa6.sin6_addr), pr->ndpr_plen,
                      if_name(ifp), error));
          }
  
          if (a_failure)
                  lltable_prefix_free(AF_INET6, (struct sockaddr *)&sa6,
                      (struct sockaddr *)&mask6, LLE_STATIC);
  
          return (error);
  }
  
  static struct in6_ifaddr *
  in6_ifadd(struct nd_prefixctl *pr, int mcast)
  {
          struct ifnet *ifp = pr->ndpr_ifp;
          struct ifaddr *ifa;
          struct in6_aliasreq ifra;
          struct in6_ifaddr *ia, *ib;
          int error, plen0;
          struct in6_addr mask;
          int prefixlen = pr->ndpr_plen;
          int updateflags;
          char ip6buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
  
          in6_prefixlen2mask(&mask, prefixlen);
  
          /*
           * find a link-local address (will be interface ID).
           * Is it really mandatory? Theoretically, a global or a site-local
           * address can be configured without a link-local address, if we
           * have a unique interface identifier...
           *
           * it is not mandatory to have a link-local address, we can generate
           * interface identifier on the fly.  we do this because:
           * (1) it should be the easiest way to find interface identifier.
           * (2) RFC2462 5.4 suggesting the use of the same interface identifier
           * for multiple addresses on a single interface, and possible shortcut
           * of DAD.  we omitted DAD for this reason in the past.
           * (3) a user can prevent autoconfiguration of global address
           * by removing link-local address by hand (this is partly because we
           * don't have other way to control the use of IPv6 on an interface.
           * this has been our design choice - cf. NRL's "ifconfig auto").
           * (4) it is easier to manage when an interface has addresses
           * with the same interface identifier, than to have multiple addresses
           * with different interface identifiers.
           */
          ifa = (struct ifaddr *)in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal(ifp, 0); /* 0 is OK? */
          if (ifa)
                  ib = (struct in6_ifaddr *)ifa;
          else
                  return NULL;
  
          /* prefixlen + ifidlen must be equal to 128 */
          plen0 = in6_mask2len(&ib->ia_prefixmask.sin6_addr, NULL);
          if (prefixlen != plen0) {
                  ifa_free(ifa);
                  nd6log((LOG_INFO, "in6_ifadd: wrong prefixlen for %s "
                      "(prefix=%d ifid=%d)\n",
                      if_name(ifp), prefixlen, 128 - plen0));
                  return NULL;
          }
  
          /* make ifaddr */
  
          bzero(&ifra, sizeof(ifra));
          /*
           * in6_update_ifa() does not use ifra_name, but we accurately set it
           * for safety.
           */
          strncpy(ifra.ifra_name, if_name(ifp), sizeof(ifra.ifra_name));
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
          /* prefix */
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr = pr->ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr;
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] &= mask.s6_addr32[0];
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] &= mask.s6_addr32[1];
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2] &= mask.s6_addr32[2];
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3] &= mask.s6_addr32[3];
  
          /* interface ID */
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] |=
              (ib->ia_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] & ~mask.s6_addr32[0]);
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] |=
              (ib->ia_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] & ~mask.s6_addr32[1]);
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2] |=
              (ib->ia_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2] & ~mask.s6_addr32[2]);
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3] |=
              (ib->ia_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3] & ~mask.s6_addr32[3]);
          ifa_free(ifa);
  
          /* new prefix mask. */
          ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
          ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
          bcopy(&mask, &ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr,
              sizeof(ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr));
  
          /* lifetimes. */
          ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_vltime = pr->ndpr_vltime;
          ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime = pr->ndpr_pltime;
  
          /* XXX: scope zone ID? */
  
          ifra.ifra_flags |= IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF; /* obey autoconf */
  
          /*
           * Make sure that we do not have this address already.  This should
           * usually not happen, but we can still see this case, e.g., if we
           * have manually configured the exact address to be configured.
           */
          ifa = (struct ifaddr *)in6ifa_ifpwithaddr(ifp,
              &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr);
          if (ifa != NULL) {
                  ifa_free(ifa);
                  /* this should be rare enough to make an explicit log */
                  log(LOG_INFO, "in6_ifadd: %s is already configured\n",
                      ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr));
                  return (NULL);
          }
  
          /*
           * Allocate ifaddr structure, link into chain, etc.
           * If we are going to create a new address upon receiving a multicasted
           * RA, we need to impose a random delay before starting DAD.
           * [draft-ietf-ipv6-rfc2462bis-02.txt, Section 5.4.2]
           */
          updateflags = 0;
          if (mcast)
                  updateflags |= IN6_IFAUPDATE_DADDELAY;
          if ((error = in6_update_ifa(ifp, &ifra, NULL, updateflags)) != 0) {
                  nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                      "in6_ifadd: failed to make ifaddr %s on %s (errno=%d)\n",
                      ip6_sprintf(ip6buf, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr),
                      if_name(ifp), error));
                  return (NULL);  /* ifaddr must not have been allocated. */
          }
  
          ia = in6ifa_ifpwithaddr(ifp, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr);
          /*
           * XXXRW: Assumption of non-NULLness here might not be true with
           * fine-grained locking -- should we validate it?  Or just return
           * earlier ifa rather than looking it up again?
           */
          return (ia);            /* this is always non-NULL  and referenced. */
  }
  
  /*
   * ia0 - corresponding public address
   */
  int
  in6_tmpifadd(const struct in6_ifaddr *ia0, int forcegen, int delay)
  {
          struct ifnet *ifp = ia0->ia_ifa.ifa_ifp;
          struct in6_ifaddr *newia, *ia;
          struct in6_aliasreq ifra;
          int i, error;
          int trylimit = 3;       /* XXX: adhoc value */
          int updateflags;
          u_int32_t randid[2];
          time_t vltime0, pltime0;
  
          bzero(&ifra, sizeof(ifra));
          strncpy(ifra.ifra_name, if_name(ifp), sizeof(ifra.ifra_name));
          ifra.ifra_addr = ia0->ia_addr;
          /* copy prefix mask */
          ifra.ifra_prefixmask = ia0->ia_prefixmask;
          /* clear the old IFID */
          for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
                  ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[i] &=
                      ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[i];
          }
  
    again:
          if (in6_get_tmpifid(ifp, (u_int8_t *)randid,
              (const u_int8_t *)&ia0->ia_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr[8], forcegen)) {
                  nd6log((LOG_NOTICE, "in6_tmpifadd: failed to find a good "
                      "random IFID\n"));
                  return (EINVAL);
          }
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2] |=
              (randid[0] & ~(ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2]));
          ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3] |=
              (randid[1] & ~(ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]));
  
          /*
           * in6_get_tmpifid() quite likely provided a unique interface ID.
           * However, we may still have a chance to see collision, because
           * there may be a time lag between generation of the ID and generation
           * of the address.  So, we'll do one more sanity check.
           */
          IN6_IFADDR_RLOCK();
          TAILQ_FOREACH(ia, &V_in6_ifaddrhead, ia_link) {
                  if (IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&ia->ia_addr.sin6_addr,
                      &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr)) {
                          if (trylimit-- == 0) {
                                  IN6_IFADDR_RUNLOCK();
                                  /*
                                   * Give up.  Something strange should have
                                   * happened.
                                   */
                                  nd6log((LOG_NOTICE, "in6_tmpifadd: failed to "
                                      "find a unique random IFID\n"));
                                  return (EEXIST);
                          }
                          IN6_IFADDR_RUNLOCK();
                          forcegen = 1;
                          goto again;
                  }
          }
          IN6_IFADDR_RUNLOCK();
  
          /*
           * The Valid Lifetime is the lower of the Valid Lifetime of the
           * public address or TEMP_VALID_LIFETIME.
           * The Preferred Lifetime is the lower of the Preferred Lifetime
           * of the public address or TEMP_PREFERRED_LIFETIME -
           * DESYNC_FACTOR.
           */
          if (ia0->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_vltime != ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME) {
                  vltime0 = IFA6_IS_INVALID(ia0) ? 0 :
                      (ia0->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_vltime -
                      (time_uptime - ia0->ia6_updatetime));
                  if (vltime0 > V_ip6_temp_valid_lifetime)
                          vltime0 = V_ip6_temp_valid_lifetime;
          } else
                  vltime0 = V_ip6_temp_valid_lifetime;
          if (ia0->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_pltime != ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME) {
                  pltime0 = IFA6_IS_DEPRECATED(ia0) ? 0 :
                      (ia0->ia6_lifetime.ia6t_pltime -
                      (time_uptime - ia0->ia6_updatetime));
                  if (pltime0 > V_ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime - V_ip6_desync_factor){
                          pltime0 = V_ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime -
                              V_ip6_desync_factor;
                  }
          } else
                  pltime0 = V_ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime - V_ip6_desync_factor;
          ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_vltime = vltime0;
          ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime = pltime0;
  
          /*
           * A temporary address is created only if this calculated Preferred
           * Lifetime is greater than REGEN_ADVANCE time units.
           */
          if (ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime <= V_ip6_temp_regen_advance)
                  return (0);
  
          /* XXX: scope zone ID? */
  
          ifra.ifra_flags |= (IN6_IFF_AUTOCONF|IN6_IFF_TEMPORARY);
  
          /* allocate ifaddr structure, link into chain, etc. */
          updateflags = 0;
          if (delay)
                  updateflags |= IN6_IFAUPDATE_DADDELAY;
          if ((error = in6_update_ifa(ifp, &ifra, NULL, updateflags)) != 0)
                  return (error);
  
          newia = in6ifa_ifpwithaddr(ifp, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr);
          if (newia == NULL) {    /* XXX: can it happen? */
                  nd6log((LOG_ERR,
                      "in6_tmpifadd: ifa update succeeded, but we got "
                      "no ifaddr\n"));
                  return (EINVAL); /* XXX */
          }
          newia->ia6_ndpr = ia0->ia6_ndpr;
          newia->ia6_ndpr->ndpr_refcnt++;
          ifa_free(&newia->ia_ifa);
  
          /*
           * A newly added address might affect the status of other addresses.
           * XXX: when the temporary address is generated with a new public
           * address, the onlink check is redundant.  However, it would be safe
           * to do the check explicitly everywhere a new address is generated,
           * and, in fact, we surely need the check when we create a new
           * temporary address due to deprecation of an old temporary address.
           */
          pfxlist_onlink_check();
  
          return (0);
  }
  
  static int
  in6_init_prefix_ltimes(struct nd_prefix *ndpr)
  {
          if (ndpr->ndpr_pltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME)
                  ndpr->ndpr_preferred = 0;
          else
                  ndpr->ndpr_preferred = time_uptime + ndpr->ndpr_pltime;
          if (ndpr->ndpr_vltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME)
                  ndpr->ndpr_expire = 0;
          else
                  ndpr->ndpr_expire = time_uptime + ndpr->ndpr_vltime;
  
          return 0;
  }
  
  static void
  in6_init_address_ltimes(struct nd_prefix *new, struct in6_addrlifetime *lt6)
  {
          /* init ia6t_expire */
          if (lt6->ia6t_vltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME)
                  lt6->ia6t_expire = 0;
          else {
                  lt6->ia6t_expire = time_uptime;
                  lt6->ia6t_expire += lt6->ia6t_vltime;
          }
  
          /* init ia6t_preferred */
          if (lt6->ia6t_pltime == ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME)
                  lt6->ia6t_preferred = 0;
          else {
                  lt6->ia6t_preferred = time_uptime;
                  lt6->ia6t_preferred += lt6->ia6t_pltime;
          }
  }
  
  /*
   * Delete all the routing table entries that use the specified gateway.
   * XXX: this function causes search through all entries of routing table, so
   * it shouldn't be called when acting as a router.
   */
  void
  rt6_flush(struct in6_addr *gateway, struct ifnet *ifp)
  {
          struct radix_node_head *rnh;
          u_int fibnum;
  
          /* We'll care only link-local addresses */
          if (!IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(gateway))
                  return;
  
          /* XXX Do we really need to walk any but the default FIB? */
          for (fibnum = 0; fibnum < rt_numfibs; fibnum++) {
                  rnh = rt_tables_get_rnh(fibnum, AF_INET6);
                  if (rnh == NULL)
                          continue;
  
                  RADIX_NODE_HEAD_LOCK(rnh);
                  rnh->rnh_walktree(rnh, rt6_deleteroute, (void *)gateway);
                  RADIX_NODE_HEAD_UNLOCK(rnh);
          }
  }
  
  static int
  rt6_deleteroute(struct radix_node *rn, void *arg)
  {
  #define SIN6(s) ((struct sockaddr_in6 *)s)
          struct rtentry *rt = (struct rtentry *)rn;
          struct in6_addr *gate = (struct in6_addr *)arg;
  
          if (rt->rt_gateway == NULL || rt->rt_gateway->sa_family != AF_INET6)
                  return (0);
  
          if (!IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(gate, &SIN6(rt->rt_gateway)->sin6_addr)) {
                  return (0);
          }
  
          /*
           * Do not delete a static route.
           * XXX: this seems to be a bit ad-hoc. Should we consider the
           * 'cloned' bit instead?
           */
          if ((rt->rt_flags & RTF_STATIC) != 0)
                  return (0);
  
          /*
           * We delete only host route. This means, in particular, we don't
           * delete default route.
           */
          if ((rt->rt_flags & RTF_HOST) == 0)
                  return (0);
  
          return (in6_rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, rt_key(rt), rt->rt_gateway,
              rt_mask(rt), rt->rt_flags, NULL, rt->rt_fibnum));
  #undef SIN6
  }
  
  int
  nd6_setdefaultiface(int ifindex)
  {
          int error = 0;
  
          if (ifindex < 0 || V_if_index < ifindex)
                  return (EINVAL);
          if (ifindex != 0 && !ifnet_byindex(ifindex))
                  return (EINVAL);
  
          if (V_nd6_defifindex != ifindex) {
                  V_nd6_defifindex = ifindex;
                  if (V_nd6_defifindex > 0)
                          V_nd6_defifp = ifnet_byindex(V_nd6_defifindex);
                  else
                          V_nd6_defifp = NULL;
  
                  /*
                   * Our current implementation assumes one-to-one maping between
                   * interfaces and links, so it would be natural to use the
                   * default interface as the default link.
                   */
                  scope6_setdefault(V_nd6_defifp);
          }
  
          return (error);
  }

Cache object: 864201677b2f384fd02d56f2d4d30ddf