FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/sys/bus.h

     /*-
      * Copyright (c) 1997,1998,2003 Doug Rabson
      * All rights reserved.
      *
      * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
      * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
      * are met:
      * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
      *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     *
     * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     * SUCH DAMAGE.
     *
     * $FreeBSD$
     */
    
    #ifndef _SYS_BUS_H_
    #define _SYS_BUS_H_
    
    #include <sys/_bus_dma.h>
    
    /**
     * @defgroup NEWBUS newbus - a generic framework for managing devices
     * @{
     */
    
    /**
     * @brief Interface information structure.
     */
    struct u_businfo {
            int     ub_version;             /**< @brief interface version */
    #define BUS_USER_VERSION        1
            int     ub_generation;          /**< @brief generation count */
    };
    
    /**
     * @brief State of the device.
     */
    typedef enum device_state {
            DS_NOTPRESENT,                  /**< @brief not probed or probe failed */
            DS_ALIVE,                       /**< @brief probe succeeded */
            DS_ATTACHED,                    /**< @brief attach method called */
            DS_BUSY                         /**< @brief device is open */
    } device_state_t;
    
    /**
     * @brief Device information exported to userspace.
     */
    struct u_device {
            uintptr_t       dv_handle;
            uintptr_t       dv_parent;
    
            char            dv_name[32];            /**< @brief Name of device in tree. */
            char            dv_desc[32];            /**< @brief Driver description */
            char            dv_drivername[32];      /**< @brief Driver name */
            char            dv_pnpinfo[128];        /**< @brief Plug and play info */
            char            dv_location[128];       /**< @brief Where is the device? */
            uint32_t        dv_devflags;            /**< @brief API Flags for device */
            uint16_t        dv_flags;               /**< @brief flags for dev date */
            device_state_t  dv_state;               /**< @brief State of attachment */
            /* XXX more driver info? */
    };
    
    #ifdef _KERNEL
    
    #include <sys/queue.h>
    #include <sys/kobj.h>
    
    /**
     * devctl hooks.  Typically one should use the devctl_notify
     * hook to send the message.  However, devctl_queue_data is also
     * included in case devctl_notify isn't sufficiently general.
     */
    boolean_t devctl_process_running(void);
    void devctl_notify(const char *__system, const char *__subsystem,
        const char *__type, const char *__data);
    void devctl_queue_data(char *__data);
    
    /**
     * @brief A device driver (included mainly for compatibility with
     * FreeBSD 4.x).
     */
    typedef struct kobj_class       driver_t;
    
    /**
     * @brief A device class
     *
    * The devclass object has two main functions in the system. The first
    * is to manage the allocation of unit numbers for device instances
    * and the second is to hold the list of device drivers for a
    * particular bus type. Each devclass has a name and there cannot be
    * two devclasses with the same name. This ensures that unique unit
    * numbers are allocated to device instances.
    *
    * Drivers that support several different bus attachments (e.g. isa,
    * pci, pccard) should all use the same devclass to ensure that unit
    * numbers do not conflict.
    *
    * Each devclass may also have a parent devclass. This is used when
    * searching for device drivers to allow a form of inheritance. When
    * matching drivers with devices, first the driver list of the parent
    * device's devclass is searched. If no driver is found in that list,
    * the search continues in the parent devclass (if any).
    */
   typedef struct devclass         *devclass_t;
   
   /**
    * @brief A device method (included mainly for compatibility with
    * FreeBSD 4.x).
    */
   #define device_method_t         kobj_method_t
   
   /**
    * @brief Driver interrupt filter return values
    *
    * If a driver provides an interrupt filter routine it must return an
    * integer consisting of oring together zero or more of the following
    * flags:
    *
    *      FILTER_STRAY    - this device did not trigger the interrupt
    *      FILTER_HANDLED  - the interrupt has been fully handled and can be EOId
    *      FILTER_SCHEDULE_THREAD - the threaded interrupt handler should be
    *                        scheduled to execute
    *
    * If the driver does not provide a filter, then the interrupt code will
    * act is if the filter had returned FILTER_SCHEDULE_THREAD.  Note that it
    * is illegal to specify any other flag with FILTER_STRAY and that it is
    * illegal to not specify either of FILTER_HANDLED or FILTER_SCHEDULE_THREAD
    * if FILTER_STRAY is not specified.
    */
   #define FILTER_STRAY            0x01
   #define FILTER_HANDLED          0x02
   #define FILTER_SCHEDULE_THREAD  0x04
   
   /**
    * @brief Driver interrupt service routines
    *
    * The filter routine is run in primary interrupt context and may not
    * block or use regular mutexes.  It may only use spin mutexes for
    * synchronization.  The filter may either completely handle the
    * interrupt or it may perform some of the work and defer more
    * expensive work to the regular interrupt handler.  If a filter
    * routine is not registered by the driver, then the regular interrupt
    * handler is always used to handle interrupts from this device.
    *
    * The regular interrupt handler executes in its own thread context
    * and may use regular mutexes.  However, it is prohibited from
    * sleeping on a sleep queue.
    */
   typedef int driver_filter_t(void*);
   typedef void driver_intr_t(void*);
   
   /**
    * @brief Interrupt type bits.
    * 
    * These flags are used both by newbus interrupt
    * registration (nexus.c) and also in struct intrec, which defines
    * interrupt properties.
    *
    * XXX We should probably revisit this and remove the vestiges of the
    * spls implicit in names like INTR_TYPE_TTY. In the meantime, don't
    * confuse things by renaming them (Grog, 18 July 2000).
    *
    * We define this in terms of bits because some devices may belong
    * to multiple classes (and therefore need to be included in
    * multiple interrupt masks, which is what this really serves to
    * indicate. Buses which do interrupt remapping will want to
    * change their type to reflect what sort of devices are underneath.
    */
   enum intr_type {
           INTR_TYPE_TTY = 1,
           INTR_TYPE_BIO = 2,
           INTR_TYPE_NET = 4,
           INTR_TYPE_CAM = 8,
           INTR_TYPE_MISC = 16,
           INTR_TYPE_CLK = 32,
           INTR_TYPE_AV = 64,
           INTR_FAST = 128,
           INTR_EXCL = 256,                /* exclusive interrupt */
           INTR_MPSAFE = 512,              /* this interrupt is SMP safe */
           INTR_ENTROPY = 1024,            /* this interrupt provides entropy */
           INTR_MD1 = 4096,                /* flag reserved for MD use */
           INTR_MD2 = 8192,                /* flag reserved for MD use */
           INTR_MD3 = 16384,               /* flag reserved for MD use */
           INTR_MD4 = 32768                /* flag reserved for MD use */
   };
   
   enum intr_trigger {
           INTR_TRIGGER_CONFORM = 0,
           INTR_TRIGGER_EDGE = 1,
           INTR_TRIGGER_LEVEL = 2
   };
   
   enum intr_polarity {
           INTR_POLARITY_CONFORM = 0,
           INTR_POLARITY_HIGH = 1,
           INTR_POLARITY_LOW = 2
   };
   
   typedef int (*devop_t)(void);
   
   /**
    * @brief This structure is deprecated.
    *
    * Use the kobj(9) macro DEFINE_CLASS to
    * declare classes which implement device drivers.
    */
   struct driver {
           KOBJ_CLASS_FIELDS;
   };
   
   /*
    * Definitions for drivers which need to keep simple lists of resources
    * for their child devices.
    */
   struct  resource;
   
   /**
    * @brief An entry for a single resource in a resource list.
    */
   struct resource_list_entry {
           STAILQ_ENTRY(resource_list_entry) link;
           int     type;                   /**< @brief type argument to alloc_resource */
           int     rid;                    /**< @brief resource identifier */
           struct  resource *res;          /**< @brief the real resource when allocated */
           u_long  start;                  /**< @brief start of resource range */
           u_long  end;                    /**< @brief end of resource range */
           u_long  count;                  /**< @brief count within range */
   };
   STAILQ_HEAD(resource_list, resource_list_entry);
   
   void    resource_list_init(struct resource_list *rl);
   void    resource_list_free(struct resource_list *rl);
   struct resource_list_entry *
           resource_list_add(struct resource_list *rl,
                             int type, int rid,
                             u_long start, u_long end, u_long count);
   int     resource_list_add_next(struct resource_list *rl,
                             int type,
                             u_long start, u_long end, u_long count);
   struct resource_list_entry*
           resource_list_find(struct resource_list *rl,
                              int type, int rid);
   void    resource_list_delete(struct resource_list *rl,
                                int type, int rid);
   struct resource *
           resource_list_alloc(struct resource_list *rl,
                               device_t bus, device_t child,
                               int type, int *rid,
                               u_long start, u_long end,
                               u_long count, u_int flags);
   int     resource_list_release(struct resource_list *rl,
                                 device_t bus, device_t child,
                                 int type, int rid, struct resource *res);
   void    resource_list_purge(struct resource_list *rl);
   int     resource_list_print_type(struct resource_list *rl,
                                    const char *name, int type,
                                    const char *format);
   
   /*
    * The root bus, to which all top-level busses are attached.
    */
   extern device_t root_bus;
   extern devclass_t root_devclass;
   void    root_bus_configure(void);
   
   /*
    * Useful functions for implementing busses.
    */
   
   int     bus_generic_activate_resource(device_t dev, device_t child, int type,
                                         int rid, struct resource *r);
   device_t
           bus_generic_add_child(device_t dev, u_int order, const char *name,
                                 int unit);
   struct resource *
           bus_generic_alloc_resource(device_t bus, device_t child, int type,
                                      int *rid, u_long start, u_long end,
                                      u_long count, u_int flags);
   int     bus_generic_attach(device_t dev);
   int     bus_generic_bind_intr(device_t dev, device_t child,
                                 struct resource *irq, int cpu);
   int     bus_generic_child_present(device_t dev, device_t child);
   int     bus_generic_config_intr(device_t, int, enum intr_trigger,
                                   enum intr_polarity);
   int     bus_generic_describe_intr(device_t dev, device_t child,
                                     struct resource *irq, void *cookie,
                                     const char *descr);
   int     bus_generic_deactivate_resource(device_t dev, device_t child, int type,
                                           int rid, struct resource *r);
   int     bus_generic_detach(device_t dev);
   void    bus_generic_driver_added(device_t dev, driver_t *driver);
   bus_dma_tag_t
           bus_generic_get_dma_tag(device_t dev, device_t child);
   struct resource_list *
           bus_generic_get_resource_list (device_t, device_t);
   int     bus_print_child_header(device_t dev, device_t child);
   int     bus_print_child_footer(device_t dev, device_t child);
   int     bus_generic_print_child(device_t dev, device_t child);
   int     bus_generic_probe(device_t dev);
   int     bus_generic_read_ivar(device_t dev, device_t child, int which,
                                 uintptr_t *result);
   int     bus_generic_release_resource(device_t bus, device_t child,
                                        int type, int rid, struct resource *r);
   int     bus_generic_resume(device_t dev);
   int     bus_generic_setup_intr(device_t dev, device_t child,
                                  struct resource *irq, int flags,
                                  driver_filter_t *filter, driver_intr_t *intr, 
                                  void *arg, void **cookiep);
   
   struct resource *
           bus_generic_rl_alloc_resource (device_t, device_t, int, int *,
                                          u_long, u_long, u_long, u_int);
   void    bus_generic_rl_delete_resource (device_t, device_t, int, int);
   int     bus_generic_rl_get_resource (device_t, device_t, int, int, u_long *,
                                        u_long *);
   int     bus_generic_rl_set_resource (device_t, device_t, int, int, u_long,
                                        u_long);
   int     bus_generic_rl_release_resource (device_t, device_t, int, int,
                                            struct resource *);
   
   int     bus_generic_shutdown(device_t dev);
   int     bus_generic_suspend(device_t dev);
   int     bus_generic_teardown_intr(device_t dev, device_t child,
                                     struct resource *irq, void *cookie);
   int     bus_generic_write_ivar(device_t dev, device_t child, int which,
                                  uintptr_t value);
   
   /*
    * Wrapper functions for the BUS_*_RESOURCE methods to make client code
    * a little simpler.
    */
   
   struct resource_spec {
           int     type;
           int     rid;
           int     flags;
   };
   
   int bus_alloc_resources(device_t dev, struct resource_spec *rs, struct resource **res);
   void bus_release_resources(device_t dev, const struct resource_spec *rs, struct resource **res);
   
   struct  resource *bus_alloc_resource(device_t dev, int type, int *rid,
                                        u_long start, u_long end, u_long count,
                                        u_int flags);
   int     bus_activate_resource(device_t dev, int type, int rid,
                                 struct resource *r);
   int     bus_deactivate_resource(device_t dev, int type, int rid,
                                   struct resource *r);
   bus_dma_tag_t bus_get_dma_tag(device_t dev);
   int     bus_release_resource(device_t dev, int type, int rid,
                                struct resource *r);
   int     bus_free_resource(device_t dev, int type, struct resource *r);
   int     bus_setup_intr(device_t dev, struct resource *r, int flags,
                          driver_filter_t filter, driver_intr_t handler, 
                          void *arg, void **cookiep);
   int     bus_teardown_intr(device_t dev, struct resource *r, void *cookie);
   int     bus_bind_intr(device_t dev, struct resource *r, int cpu);
   int     bus_describe_intr(device_t dev, struct resource *irq, void *cookie,
                             const char *fmt, ...);
   int     bus_set_resource(device_t dev, int type, int rid,
                            u_long start, u_long count);
   int     bus_get_resource(device_t dev, int type, int rid,
                            u_long *startp, u_long *countp);
   u_long  bus_get_resource_start(device_t dev, int type, int rid);
   u_long  bus_get_resource_count(device_t dev, int type, int rid);
   void    bus_delete_resource(device_t dev, int type, int rid);
   int     bus_child_present(device_t child);
   int     bus_child_pnpinfo_str(device_t child, char *buf, size_t buflen);
   int     bus_child_location_str(device_t child, char *buf, size_t buflen);
   void    bus_enumerate_hinted_children(device_t bus);
   
   static __inline struct resource *
   bus_alloc_resource_any(device_t dev, int type, int *rid, u_int flags)
   {
           return (bus_alloc_resource(dev, type, rid, 0ul, ~0ul, 1, flags));
   }
   
   /*
    * Access functions for device.
    */
   device_t        device_add_child(device_t dev, const char *name, int unit);
   device_t        device_add_child_ordered(device_t dev, u_int order,
                                            const char *name, int unit);
   void    device_busy(device_t dev);
   int     device_delete_child(device_t dev, device_t child);
   int     device_attach(device_t dev);
   int     device_detach(device_t dev);
   void    device_disable(device_t dev);
   void    device_enable(device_t dev);
   device_t        device_find_child(device_t dev, const char *classname,
                                     int unit);
   const char      *device_get_desc(device_t dev);
   devclass_t      device_get_devclass(device_t dev);
   driver_t        *device_get_driver(device_t dev);
   u_int32_t       device_get_flags(device_t dev);
   device_t        device_get_parent(device_t dev);
   int     device_get_children(device_t dev, device_t **listp, int *countp);
   void    *device_get_ivars(device_t dev);
   void    device_set_ivars(device_t dev, void *ivars);
   const   char *device_get_name(device_t dev);
   const   char *device_get_nameunit(device_t dev);
   void    *device_get_softc(device_t dev);
   device_state_t  device_get_state(device_t dev);
   int     device_get_unit(device_t dev);
   struct sysctl_ctx_list *device_get_sysctl_ctx(device_t dev);
   struct sysctl_oid *device_get_sysctl_tree(device_t dev);
   int     device_is_alive(device_t dev);  /* did probe succeed? */
   int     device_is_attached(device_t dev);       /* did attach succeed? */
   int     device_is_enabled(device_t dev);
   int     device_is_quiet(device_t dev);
   int     device_print_prettyname(device_t dev);
   int     device_printf(device_t dev, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
   int     device_probe_and_attach(device_t dev);
   int     device_probe_child(device_t bus, device_t dev);
   int     device_quiesce(device_t dev);
   void    device_quiet(device_t dev);
   void    device_set_desc(device_t dev, const char* desc);
   void    device_set_desc_copy(device_t dev, const char* desc);
   int     device_set_devclass(device_t dev, const char *classname);
   int     device_set_driver(device_t dev, driver_t *driver);
   void    device_set_flags(device_t dev, u_int32_t flags);
   void    device_set_softc(device_t dev, void *softc);
   int     device_set_unit(device_t dev, int unit);        /* XXX DONT USE XXX */
   int     device_shutdown(device_t dev);
   void    device_unbusy(device_t dev);
   void    device_verbose(device_t dev);
   
   /*
    * Access functions for devclass.
    */
   int     devclass_add_driver(devclass_t dc, kobj_class_t driver,
                               devclass_t *dcp);
   int     devclass_delete_driver(devclass_t dc, kobj_class_t driver);
   devclass_t      devclass_create(const char *classname);
   devclass_t      devclass_find(const char *classname);
   kobj_class_t    devclass_find_driver(devclass_t dc, const char *classname);
   const char      *devclass_get_name(devclass_t dc);
   device_t        devclass_get_device(devclass_t dc, int unit);
   void    *devclass_get_softc(devclass_t dc, int unit);
   int     devclass_get_devices(devclass_t dc, device_t **listp, int *countp);
   int     devclass_get_drivers(devclass_t dc, driver_t ***listp, int *countp);
   int     devclass_get_count(devclass_t dc);
   int     devclass_get_maxunit(devclass_t dc);
   int     devclass_find_free_unit(devclass_t dc, int unit);
   void    devclass_set_parent(devclass_t dc, devclass_t pdc);
   devclass_t      devclass_get_parent(devclass_t dc);
   struct sysctl_ctx_list *devclass_get_sysctl_ctx(devclass_t dc);
   struct sysctl_oid *devclass_get_sysctl_tree(devclass_t dc);
   int     devclass_quiesce_driver(devclass_t dc, kobj_class_t driver);
   
   /*
    * Access functions for device resources.
    */
   
   int     resource_int_value(const char *name, int unit, const char *resname,
                              int *result);
   int     resource_long_value(const char *name, int unit, const char *resname,
                               long *result);
   int     resource_string_value(const char *name, int unit, const char *resname,
                                 const char **result);
   int     resource_disabled(const char *name, int unit);
   int     resource_find_match(int *anchor, const char **name, int *unit,
                               const char *resname, const char *value);
   int     resource_find_dev(int *anchor, const char *name, int *unit,
                             const char *resname, const char *value);
   int     resource_set_int(const char *name, int unit, const char *resname,
                            int value);
   int     resource_set_long(const char *name, int unit, const char *resname,
                             long value);
   int     resource_set_string(const char *name, int unit, const char *resname,
                               const char *value);
   /*
    * Functions for maintaining and checking consistency of
    * bus information exported to userspace.
    */
   int     bus_data_generation_check(int generation);
   void    bus_data_generation_update(void);
   
   /**
    * Some convenience defines for probe routines to return.  These are just
    * suggested values, and there's nothing magical about them.
    * BUS_PROBE_SPECIFIC is for devices that cannot be reprobed, and that no
    * possible other driver may exist (typically legacy drivers who don't fallow
    * all the rules, or special needs drivers).  BUS_PROBE_VENDOR is the
    * suggested value that vendor supplied drivers use.  This is for source or
    * binary drivers that are not yet integrated into the FreeBSD tree.  Its use
    * in the base OS is prohibited.  BUS_PROBE_DEFAULT is the normal return value
    * for drivers to use.  It is intended that nearly all of the drivers in the
    * tree should return this value.  BUS_PROBE_LOW_PRIORITY are for drivers that
    * have special requirements like when there are two drivers that support
    * overlapping series of hardware devices.  In this case the one that supports
    * the older part of the line would return this value, while the one that
    * supports the newer ones would return BUS_PROBE_DEFAULT.  BUS_PROBE_GENERIC
    * is for drivers that wish to have a generic form and a specialized form,
    * like is done with the pci bus and the acpi pci bus.  BUS_PROBE_HOOVER is
    * for those busses that implement a generic device place-holder for devices on
    * the bus that have no more specific river for them (aka ugen).
    * BUS_PROBE_NOWILDCARD or lower means that the device isn't really bidding
    * for a device node, but accepts only devices that its parent has told it
    * use this driver.
    */
   #define BUS_PROBE_SPECIFIC      0       /* Only I can use this device */
   #define BUS_PROBE_VENDOR        (-10)   /* Vendor supplied driver */
   #define BUS_PROBE_DEFAULT       (-20)   /* Base OS default driver */
   #define BUS_PROBE_LOW_PRIORITY  (-40)   /* Older, less desirable drivers */
   #define BUS_PROBE_GENERIC       (-100)  /* generic driver for dev */
   #define BUS_PROBE_HOOVER        (-500)  /* Generic dev for all devs on bus */
   #define BUS_PROBE_NOWILDCARD    (-2000000000) /* No wildcard device matches */
   
   /**
    * Shorthands for constructing method tables.
    */
   #define DEVMETHOD       KOBJMETHOD
   #define DEVMETHOD_END   KOBJMETHOD_END
   
   /*
    * Some common device interfaces.
    */
   #include "device_if.h"
   #include "bus_if.h"
   
   struct  module;
   
   int     driver_module_handler(struct module *, int, void *);
   
   /**
    * Module support for automatically adding drivers to busses.
    */
   struct driver_module_data {
           int             (*dmd_chainevh)(struct module *, int, void *);
           void            *dmd_chainarg;
           const char      *dmd_busname;
           kobj_class_t    dmd_driver;
           devclass_t      *dmd_devclass;
   };
   
   #define DRIVER_MODULE(name, busname, driver, devclass, evh, arg)        \
                                                                           \
   static struct driver_module_data name##_##busname##_driver_mod = {      \
           evh, arg,                                                       \
           #busname,                                                       \
           (kobj_class_t) &driver,                                         \
           &devclass                                                       \
   };                                                                      \
                                                                           \
   static moduledata_t name##_##busname##_mod = {                          \
           #busname "/" #name,                                             \
           driver_module_handler,                                          \
           &name##_##busname##_driver_mod                                  \
   };                                                                      \
   DECLARE_MODULE(name##_##busname, name##_##busname##_mod,                \
                  SI_SUB_DRIVERS, SI_ORDER_MIDDLE)
   
   /**
    * Generic ivar accessor generation macros for bus drivers
    */
   #define __BUS_ACCESSOR(varp, var, ivarp, ivar, type)                    \
                                                                           \
   static __inline type varp ## _get_ ## var(device_t dev)                 \
   {                                                                       \
           uintptr_t v;                                                    \
           BUS_READ_IVAR(device_get_parent(dev), dev,                      \
               ivarp ## _IVAR_ ## ivar, &v);                               \
           return ((type) v);                                              \
   }                                                                       \
                                                                           \
   static __inline void varp ## _set_ ## var(device_t dev, type t)         \
   {                                                                       \
           uintptr_t v = (uintptr_t) t;                                    \
           BUS_WRITE_IVAR(device_get_parent(dev), dev,                     \
               ivarp ## _IVAR_ ## ivar, v);                                \
   }
   
   /**
    * Shorthand macros, taking resource argument
    * Generated with sys/tools/bus_macro.sh
    */
   
   #define bus_barrier(r, o, l, f) \
           bus_space_barrier((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (l), (f))
   #define bus_read_1(r, o) \
           bus_space_read_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o))
   #define bus_read_multi_1(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_multi_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_region_1(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_region_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_set_multi_1(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_multi_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_set_region_1(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_region_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_write_1(r, o, v) \
           bus_space_write_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v))
   #define bus_write_multi_1(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_multi_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_write_region_1(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_region_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_stream_1(r, o) \
           bus_space_read_stream_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o))
   #define bus_read_multi_stream_1(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_multi_stream_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_region_stream_1(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_region_stream_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_set_multi_stream_1(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_multi_stream_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_set_region_stream_1(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_region_stream_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_write_stream_1(r, o, v) \
           bus_space_write_stream_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v))
   #define bus_write_multi_stream_1(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_multi_stream_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_write_region_stream_1(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_region_stream_1((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_2(r, o) \
           bus_space_read_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o))
   #define bus_read_multi_2(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_multi_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_region_2(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_region_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_set_multi_2(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_multi_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_set_region_2(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_region_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_write_2(r, o, v) \
           bus_space_write_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v))
   #define bus_write_multi_2(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_multi_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_write_region_2(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_region_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_stream_2(r, o) \
           bus_space_read_stream_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o))
   #define bus_read_multi_stream_2(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_multi_stream_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_region_stream_2(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_region_stream_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_set_multi_stream_2(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_multi_stream_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_set_region_stream_2(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_region_stream_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_write_stream_2(r, o, v) \
           bus_space_write_stream_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v))
   #define bus_write_multi_stream_2(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_multi_stream_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_write_region_stream_2(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_region_stream_2((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_4(r, o) \
           bus_space_read_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o))
   #define bus_read_multi_4(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_multi_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_region_4(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_region_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_set_multi_4(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_multi_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_set_region_4(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_region_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_write_4(r, o, v) \
           bus_space_write_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v))
   #define bus_write_multi_4(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_multi_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_write_region_4(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_region_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_stream_4(r, o) \
           bus_space_read_stream_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o))
   #define bus_read_multi_stream_4(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_multi_stream_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_region_stream_4(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_region_stream_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_set_multi_stream_4(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_multi_stream_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_set_region_stream_4(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_region_stream_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_write_stream_4(r, o, v) \
           bus_space_write_stream_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v))
   #define bus_write_multi_stream_4(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_multi_stream_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_write_region_stream_4(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_region_stream_4((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_8(r, o) \
           bus_space_read_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o))
   #define bus_read_multi_8(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_multi_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_region_8(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_region_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_set_multi_8(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_multi_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_set_region_8(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_region_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_write_8(r, o, v) \
           bus_space_write_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v))
   #define bus_write_multi_8(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_multi_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_write_region_8(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_region_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_stream_8(r, o) \
           bus_space_read_stream_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o))
   #define bus_read_multi_stream_8(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_multi_stream_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_read_region_stream_8(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_read_region_stream_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_set_multi_stream_8(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_multi_stream_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_set_region_stream_8(r, o, v, c) \
           bus_space_set_region_stream_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v), (c))
   #define bus_write_stream_8(r, o, v) \
           bus_space_write_stream_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (v))
   #define bus_write_multi_stream_8(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_multi_stream_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #define bus_write_region_stream_8(r, o, d, c) \
           bus_space_write_region_stream_8((r)->r_bustag, (r)->r_bushandle, (o), (d), (c))
   #endif /* _KERNEL */
   
   #endif /* !_SYS_BUS_H_ */

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