The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/sys/disklabel.h

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1988, 1993
    3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
    4  *
    5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
    7  * are met:
    8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
    9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   15  *    without specific prior written permission.
   16  *
   17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   28  *
   29  *      @(#)disklabel.h 8.2 (Berkeley) 7/10/94
   30  * $FreeBSD$
   31  */
   32 
   33 #ifndef _SYS_DISKLABEL_H_
   34 #define _SYS_DISKLABEL_H_
   35 
   36 #ifndef _KERNEL
   37 #include <sys/types.h>
   38 #endif
   39 #include <sys/ioccom.h>
   40 
   41 /*
   42  * Disk description table, see disktab(5)
   43  */
   44 #define _PATH_DISKTAB   "/etc/disktab"
   45 
   46 /*
   47  * Each disk has a label which includes information about the hardware
   48  * disk geometry, filesystem partitions, and drive specific information.
   49  * The label is in block 0 or 1, possibly offset from the beginning
   50  * to leave room for a bootstrap, etc.
   51  */
   52 
   53 /* XXX these should be defined per controller (or drive) elsewhere, not here! */
   54 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__amd64__) || defined(__arm__) || \
   55     defined(__ia64__)
   56 #define LABELSECTOR     1                       /* sector containing label */
   57 #define LABELOFFSET     0                       /* offset of label in sector */
   58 #endif
   59 
   60 #ifdef __alpha__
   61 #define LABELSECTOR     0
   62 #define LABELOFFSET     64
   63 #endif
   64 
   65 #define DISKMAGIC       ((u_int32_t)0x82564557) /* The disk magic number */
   66 #ifndef MAXPARTITIONS
   67 #define MAXPARTITIONS   8
   68 #endif
   69 
   70 /* Size of bootblock area in sector-size neutral bytes */
   71 #define BBSIZE          8192
   72 
   73 #define LABEL_PART      2               /* partition containing label */
   74 #define RAW_PART        2               /* partition containing whole disk */
   75 #define SWAP_PART       1               /* partition normally containing swap */
   76 
   77 struct disklabel {
   78         u_int32_t d_magic;              /* the magic number */
   79         u_int16_t d_type;               /* drive type */
   80         u_int16_t d_subtype;            /* controller/d_type specific */
   81         char      d_typename[16];       /* type name, e.g. "eagle" */
   82 
   83         char      d_packname[16];       /* pack identifier */
   84 
   85                         /* disk geometry: */
   86         u_int32_t d_secsize;            /* # of bytes per sector */
   87         u_int32_t d_nsectors;           /* # of data sectors per track */
   88         u_int32_t d_ntracks;            /* # of tracks per cylinder */
   89         u_int32_t d_ncylinders;         /* # of data cylinders per unit */
   90         u_int32_t d_secpercyl;          /* # of data sectors per cylinder */
   91         u_int32_t d_secperunit;         /* # of data sectors per unit */
   92 
   93         /*
   94          * Spares (bad sector replacements) below are not counted in
   95          * d_nsectors or d_secpercyl.  Spare sectors are assumed to
   96          * be physical sectors which occupy space at the end of each
   97          * track and/or cylinder.
   98          */
   99         u_int16_t d_sparespertrack;     /* # of spare sectors per track */
  100         u_int16_t d_sparespercyl;       /* # of spare sectors per cylinder */
  101         /*
  102          * Alternate cylinders include maintenance, replacement, configuration
  103          * description areas, etc.
  104          */
  105         u_int32_t d_acylinders;         /* # of alt. cylinders per unit */
  106 
  107                         /* hardware characteristics: */
  108         /*
  109          * d_interleave, d_trackskew and d_cylskew describe perturbations
  110          * in the media format used to compensate for a slow controller.
  111          * Interleave is physical sector interleave, set up by the
  112          * formatter or controller when formatting.  When interleaving is
  113          * in use, logically adjacent sectors are not physically
  114          * contiguous, but instead are separated by some number of
  115          * sectors.  It is specified as the ratio of physical sectors
  116          * traversed per logical sector.  Thus an interleave of 1:1
  117          * implies contiguous layout, while 2:1 implies that logical
  118          * sector 0 is separated by one sector from logical sector 1.
  119          * d_trackskew is the offset of sector 0 on track N relative to
  120          * sector 0 on track N-1 on the same cylinder.  Finally, d_cylskew
  121          * is the offset of sector 0 on cylinder N relative to sector 0
  122          * on cylinder N-1.
  123          */
  124         u_int16_t d_rpm;                /* rotational speed */
  125         u_int16_t d_interleave;         /* hardware sector interleave */
  126         u_int16_t d_trackskew;          /* sector 0 skew, per track */
  127         u_int16_t d_cylskew;            /* sector 0 skew, per cylinder */
  128         u_int32_t d_headswitch;         /* head switch time, usec */
  129         u_int32_t d_trkseek;            /* track-to-track seek, usec */
  130         u_int32_t d_flags;              /* generic flags */
  131 #define NDDATA 5
  132         u_int32_t d_drivedata[NDDATA];  /* drive-type specific information */
  133 #define NSPARE 5
  134         u_int32_t d_spare[NSPARE];      /* reserved for future use */
  135         u_int32_t d_magic2;             /* the magic number (again) */
  136         u_int16_t d_checksum;           /* xor of data incl. partitions */
  137 
  138                         /* filesystem and partition information: */
  139         u_int16_t d_npartitions;        /* number of partitions in following */
  140         u_int32_t d_bbsize;             /* size of boot area at sn0, bytes */
  141         u_int32_t d_sbsize;             /* max size of fs superblock, bytes */
  142         struct partition {              /* the partition table */
  143                 u_int32_t p_size;       /* number of sectors in partition */
  144                 u_int32_t p_offset;     /* starting sector */
  145                 u_int32_t p_fsize;      /* filesystem basic fragment size */
  146                 u_int8_t p_fstype;      /* filesystem type, see below */
  147                 u_int8_t p_frag;        /* filesystem fragments per block */
  148                 u_int16_t p_cpg;        /* filesystem cylinders per group */
  149         } d_partitions[MAXPARTITIONS];  /* actually may be more */
  150 };
  151 
  152 #ifdef CTASSERT
  153 CTASSERT(sizeof(struct disklabel) == 148 + MAXPARTITIONS * 16);
  154 #endif
  155 
  156 static __inline u_int16_t dkcksum(struct disklabel *lp);
  157 static __inline u_int16_t
  158 dkcksum(struct disklabel *lp)
  159 {
  160         u_int16_t *start, *end;
  161         u_int16_t sum = 0;
  162 
  163         start = (u_int16_t *)lp;
  164         end = (u_int16_t *)&lp->d_partitions[lp->d_npartitions];
  165         while (start < end)
  166                 sum ^= *start++;
  167         return (sum);
  168 }
  169 
  170 
  171 /* d_type values: */
  172 #define DTYPE_SMD               1               /* SMD, XSMD; VAX hp/up */
  173 #define DTYPE_MSCP              2               /* MSCP */
  174 #define DTYPE_DEC               3               /* other DEC (rk, rl) */
  175 #define DTYPE_SCSI              4               /* SCSI */
  176 #define DTYPE_ESDI              5               /* ESDI interface */
  177 #define DTYPE_ST506             6               /* ST506 etc. */
  178 #define DTYPE_HPIB              7               /* CS/80 on HP-IB */
  179 #define DTYPE_HPFL              8               /* HP Fiber-link */
  180 #define DTYPE_FLOPPY            10              /* floppy */
  181 #define DTYPE_CCD               11              /* concatenated disk */
  182 #define DTYPE_VINUM             12              /* vinum volume */
  183 #define DTYPE_DOC2K             13              /* Msys DiskOnChip */
  184 #define DTYPE_RAID              14              /* CMU RAIDFrame */
  185 #define DTYPE_JFS2              16              /* IBM JFS 2 */
  186 
  187 #ifdef DKTYPENAMES
  188 static const char *dktypenames[] = {
  189         "unknown",
  190         "SMD",
  191         "MSCP",
  192         "old DEC",
  193         "SCSI",
  194         "ESDI",
  195         "ST506",
  196         "HP-IB",
  197         "HP-FL",
  198         "type 9",
  199         "floppy",
  200         "CCD",
  201         "Vinum",
  202         "DOC2K",
  203         "Raid",
  204         "?",
  205         "jfs",
  206         NULL
  207 };
  208 #define DKMAXTYPES      (sizeof(dktypenames) / sizeof(dktypenames[0]) - 1)
  209 #endif
  210 
  211 /*
  212  * Filesystem type and version.
  213  * Used to interpret other filesystem-specific
  214  * per-partition information.
  215  */
  216 #define FS_UNUSED       0               /* unused */
  217 #define FS_SWAP         1               /* swap */
  218 #define FS_V6           2               /* Sixth Edition */
  219 #define FS_V7           3               /* Seventh Edition */
  220 #define FS_SYSV         4               /* System V */
  221 #define FS_V71K         5               /* V7 with 1K blocks (4.1, 2.9) */
  222 #define FS_V8           6               /* Eighth Edition, 4K blocks */
  223 #define FS_BSDFFS       7               /* 4.2BSD fast filesystem */
  224 #define FS_MSDOS        8               /* MSDOS filesystem */
  225 #define FS_BSDLFS       9               /* 4.4BSD log-structured filesystem */
  226 #define FS_OTHER        10              /* in use, but unknown/unsupported */
  227 #define FS_HPFS         11              /* OS/2 high-performance filesystem */
  228 #define FS_ISO9660      12              /* ISO 9660, normally CD-ROM */
  229 #define FS_BOOT         13              /* partition contains bootstrap */
  230 #define FS_VINUM        14              /* Vinum drive */
  231 #define FS_RAID         15              /* RAIDFrame drive */
  232 #define FS_JFS2         21              /* IBM JFS2 */
  233 
  234 #ifdef  FSTYPENAMES
  235 static const char *fstypenames[] = {
  236         "unused",
  237         "swap",
  238         "Version 6",
  239         "Version 7",
  240         "System V",
  241         "4.1BSD",
  242         "Eighth Edition",
  243         "4.2BSD",
  244         "MSDOS",
  245         "4.4LFS",
  246         "unknown",
  247         "HPFS",
  248         "ISO9660",
  249         "boot",
  250         "vinum",
  251         "raid",
  252         "?",
  253         "?",
  254         "?",
  255         "?",
  256         "jfs",
  257         NULL
  258 };
  259 #define FSMAXTYPES      (sizeof(fstypenames) / sizeof(fstypenames[0]) - 1)
  260 #endif
  261 
  262 /*
  263  * flags shared by various drives:
  264  */
  265 #define D_REMOVABLE     0x01            /* removable media */
  266 #define D_ECC           0x02            /* supports ECC */
  267 #define D_BADSECT       0x04            /* supports bad sector forw. */
  268 #define D_RAMDISK       0x08            /* disk emulator */
  269 #define D_CHAIN         0x10            /* can do back-back transfers */
  270 
  271 /*
  272  * Disklabel-specific ioctls.
  273  *
  274  * NB: <sys/disk.h> defines ioctls from 'd'/128 and up.
  275  */
  276                 /* get and set disklabel */
  277 #define DIOCGDINFO      _IOR('d', 101, struct disklabel)/* get */
  278 #define DIOCSDINFO      _IOW('d', 102, struct disklabel)/* set */
  279 #define DIOCWDINFO      _IOW('d', 103, struct disklabel)/* set, update disk */
  280 #define DIOCBSDBB       _IOW('d', 110, void *)  /* write bootblocks */
  281 
  282 /*
  283  * Functions for proper encoding/decoding of struct disklabel into/from
  284  * bytestring.
  285  */
  286 void bsd_partition_le_dec(u_char *ptr, struct partition *d);
  287 int bsd_disklabel_le_dec(u_char *ptr, struct disklabel *d, int maxpart);
  288 void bsd_partition_le_enc(u_char *ptr, struct partition *d);
  289 void bsd_disklabel_le_enc(u_char *ptr, struct disklabel *d);
  290 
  291 #ifndef _KERNEL
  292 __BEGIN_DECLS
  293 struct disklabel *getdiskbyname(const char *);
  294 __END_DECLS
  295 #endif
  296 
  297 #endif /* !_SYS_DISKLABEL_H_ */

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