The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/sys/lock.h

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 1997 Berkeley Software Design, Inc. All rights reserved.
    3  *
    4  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    5  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
    6  * are met:
    7  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
    8  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    9  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   11  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   12  * 3. Berkeley Software Design Inc's name may not be used to endorse or
   13  *    promote products derived from this software without specific prior
   14  *    written permission.
   15  *
   16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC ``AS IS'' AND
   17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL BERKELEY SOFTWARE DESIGN INC BE LIABLE
   20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   27  *
   28  *      from BSDI $Id: mutex.h,v 2.7.2.35 2000/04/27 03:10:26 cp Exp $
   29  * $FreeBSD: releng/6.0/sys/sys/lock.h 145421 2005-04-22 22:37:41Z jeff $
   30  */
   31 
   32 #ifndef _SYS_LOCK_H_
   33 #define _SYS_LOCK_H_
   34 
   35 #include <sys/queue.h>
   36 #include <sys/_lock.h>
   37 
   38 struct thread;
   39 
   40 /*
   41  * Lock classes.  Each lock has a class which describes characteristics
   42  * common to all types of locks of a given class.
   43  *
   44  * Spin locks in general must always protect against preemption, as it is
   45  * an error to perform any type of context switch while holding a spin lock.
   46  * Also, for an individual lock to be recursable, its class must allow
   47  * recursion and the lock itself must explicitly allow recursion.
   48  */
   49 
   50 struct lock_class {
   51         const   char *lc_name;
   52         u_int   lc_flags;
   53 };
   54 
   55 #define LC_SLEEPLOCK    0x00000001      /* Sleep lock. */
   56 #define LC_SPINLOCK     0x00000002      /* Spin lock. */
   57 #define LC_SLEEPABLE    0x00000004      /* Sleeping allowed with this lock. */
   58 #define LC_RECURSABLE   0x00000008      /* Locks of this type may recurse. */
   59 #define LC_UPGRADABLE   0x00000010      /* Upgrades and downgrades permitted. */
   60 
   61 #define LO_CLASSFLAGS   0x0000ffff      /* Class specific flags. */
   62 #define LO_INITIALIZED  0x00010000      /* Lock has been initialized. */
   63 #define LO_WITNESS      0x00020000      /* Should witness monitor this lock. */
   64 #define LO_QUIET        0x00040000      /* Don't log locking operations. */
   65 #define LO_RECURSABLE   0x00080000      /* Lock may recurse. */
   66 #define LO_SLEEPABLE    0x00100000      /* Lock may be held while sleeping. */
   67 #define LO_UPGRADABLE   0x00200000      /* Lock may be upgraded/downgraded. */
   68 #define LO_DUPOK        0x00400000      /* Don't check for duplicate acquires */
   69 
   70 #define LI_RECURSEMASK  0x0000ffff      /* Recursion depth of lock instance. */
   71 #define LI_EXCLUSIVE    0x00010000      /* Exclusive lock instance. */
   72 
   73 /*
   74  * Option flags passed to lock operations that witness also needs to know
   75  * about or that are generic across all locks.
   76  */
   77 #define LOP_NEWORDER    0x00000001      /* Define a new lock order. */
   78 #define LOP_QUIET       0x00000002      /* Don't log locking operations. */
   79 #define LOP_TRYLOCK     0x00000004      /* Don't check lock order. */
   80 #define LOP_EXCLUSIVE   0x00000008      /* Exclusive lock. */
   81 #define LOP_DUPOK       0x00000010      /* Don't check for duplicate acquires */
   82 
   83 /* Flags passed to witness_assert. */
   84 #define LA_UNLOCKED     0x00000000      /* Lock is unlocked. */
   85 #define LA_LOCKED       0x00000001      /* Lock is at least share locked. */
   86 #define LA_SLOCKED      0x00000002      /* Lock is exactly share locked. */
   87 #define LA_XLOCKED      0x00000004      /* Lock is exclusively locked. */
   88 #define LA_RECURSED     0x00000008      /* Lock is recursed. */
   89 #define LA_NOTRECURSED  0x00000010      /* Lock is not recursed. */
   90 
   91 #ifdef _KERNEL
   92 /*
   93  * Lock instances.  A lock instance is the data associated with a lock while
   94  * it is held by witness.  For example, a lock instance will hold the
   95  * recursion count of a lock.  Lock instances are held in lists.  Spin locks
   96  * are held in a per-cpu list while sleep locks are held in per-process list.
   97  */
   98 struct lock_instance {
   99         struct  lock_object *li_lock;
  100         const   char *li_file;          /* File and line of last acquire. */
  101         int     li_line;
  102         u_int   li_flags;               /* Recursion count and LI_* flags. */
  103 };
  104 
  105 /*
  106  * A simple list type used to build the list of locks held by a process
  107  * or CPU.  We can't simply embed the list in struct lock_object since a
  108  * lock may be held by more than one process if it is a shared lock.  Locks
  109  * are added to the head of the list, so we fill up each list entry from
  110  * "the back" logically.  To ease some of the arithmetic, we actually fill
  111  * in each list entry the normal way (childer[0] then children[1], etc.) but
  112  * when we traverse the list we read children[count-1] as the first entry
  113  * down to children[0] as the final entry.
  114  */
  115 #define LOCK_NCHILDREN  3
  116 
  117 struct lock_list_entry {
  118         struct  lock_list_entry *ll_next;
  119         struct  lock_instance ll_children[LOCK_NCHILDREN];
  120         u_int   ll_count;
  121 };
  122 
  123 /*
  124  * If any of WITNESS, INVARIANTS, or KTR_LOCK KTR tracing has been enabled,
  125  * then turn on LOCK_DEBUG.  When this option is on, extra debugging
  126  * facilities such as tracking the file and line number of lock operations
  127  * are enabled.  Also, mutex locking operations are not inlined to avoid
  128  * bloat from all the extra debugging code.  We also have to turn on all the
  129  * calling conventions for this debugging code in modules so that modules can
  130  * work with both debug and non-debug kernels.
  131  */
  132 #if defined(KLD_MODULE) || defined(WITNESS) || defined(INVARIANTS) || defined(INVARIANT_SUPPORT) || defined(KTR) || defined(MUTEX_PROFILING)
  133 #define LOCK_DEBUG      1
  134 #else
  135 #define LOCK_DEBUG      0
  136 #endif
  137 
  138 /*
  139  * In the LOCK_DEBUG case, use the filename and line numbers for debugging
  140  * operations.  Otherwise, use default values to avoid the unneeded bloat.
  141  */
  142 #if LOCK_DEBUG > 0
  143 #define LOCK_FILE       __FILE__
  144 #define LOCK_LINE       __LINE__
  145 #else
  146 #define LOCK_FILE       NULL
  147 #define LOCK_LINE       0
  148 #endif
  149 
  150 /*
  151  * Macros for KTR_LOCK tracing.
  152  *
  153  * opname  - name of this operation (LOCK/UNLOCK/SLOCK, etc.)
  154  * lo      - struct lock_object * for this lock
  155  * flags   - flags passed to the lock operation
  156  * recurse - this locks recursion level (or 0 if class is not recursable)
  157  * result  - result of a try lock operation
  158  * file    - file name
  159  * line    - line number
  160  */
  161 #define LOCK_LOG_TEST(lo, flags)                                        \
  162         (((flags) & LOP_QUIET) == 0 && ((lo)->lo_flags & LO_QUIET) == 0)
  163 
  164 #define LOCK_LOG_LOCK(opname, lo, flags, recurse, file, line) do {      \
  165         if (LOCK_LOG_TEST((lo), (flags)))                               \
  166                 CTR5(KTR_LOCK, opname " (%s) %s r = %d at %s:%d",       \
  167                     (lo)->lo_class->lc_name, (lo)->lo_name,             \
  168                     (u_int)(recurse), (file), (line));                  \
  169 } while (0)
  170 
  171 #define LOCK_LOG_TRY(opname, lo, flags, result, file, line) do {        \
  172         if (LOCK_LOG_TEST((lo), (flags)))                               \
  173                 CTR5(KTR_LOCK, "TRY_" opname " (%s) %s result=%d at %s:%d",\
  174                     (lo)->lo_class->lc_name, (lo)->lo_name,             \
  175                     (u_int)(result), (file), (line));                   \
  176 } while (0)
  177 
  178 #define LOCK_LOG_INIT(lo, flags) do {                                   \
  179         if (LOCK_LOG_TEST((lo), (flags)))                               \
  180                 CTR4(KTR_LOCK, "%s: %p (%s) %s", __func__, (lo),        \
  181                     (lo)->lo_class->lc_name, (lo)->lo_name);            \
  182 } while (0)
  183 
  184 #define LOCK_LOG_DESTROY(lo, flags)     LOCK_LOG_INIT(lo, flags)
  185 
  186 /*
  187  * Helpful macros for quickly coming up with assertions with informative
  188  * panic messages.
  189  */
  190 #define MPASS(ex)               MPASS4(ex, #ex, __FILE__, __LINE__)
  191 #define MPASS2(ex, what)        MPASS4(ex, what, __FILE__, __LINE__)
  192 #define MPASS3(ex, file, line)  MPASS4(ex, #ex, file, line)
  193 #define MPASS4(ex, what, file, line)                                    \
  194         KASSERT((ex), ("Assertion %s failed at %s:%d", what, file, line))
  195 
  196 extern struct lock_class lock_class_mtx_sleep;
  197 extern struct lock_class lock_class_mtx_spin;
  198 extern struct lock_class lock_class_sx;
  199 
  200 void    spinlock_enter(void);
  201 void    spinlock_exit(void);
  202 void    witness_init(struct lock_object *);
  203 void    witness_destroy(struct lock_object *);
  204 int     witness_defineorder(struct lock_object *, struct lock_object *);
  205 void    witness_checkorder(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
  206 void    witness_lock(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
  207 void    witness_upgrade(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
  208 void    witness_downgrade(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
  209 void    witness_unlock(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
  210 void    witness_save(struct lock_object *, const char **, int *);
  211 void    witness_restore(struct lock_object *, const char *, int);
  212 int     witness_list_locks(struct lock_list_entry **);
  213 int     witness_warn(int, struct lock_object *, const char *, ...);
  214 void    witness_assert(struct lock_object *, int, const char *, int);
  215 void    witness_display_spinlock(struct lock_object *, struct thread *);
  216 int     witness_line(struct lock_object *);
  217 const char *witness_file(struct lock_object *);
  218 
  219 #ifdef  WITNESS
  220 
  221 /* Flags for witness_warn(). */
  222 #define WARN_GIANTOK    0x01    /* Giant is exempt from this check. */
  223 #define WARN_PANIC      0x02    /* Panic if check fails. */
  224 #define WARN_SLEEPOK    0x04    /* Sleepable locks are exempt from check. */
  225 
  226 #define WITNESS_INIT(lock)                                              \
  227         witness_init((lock))
  228 
  229 #define WITNESS_DESTROY(lock)                                           \
  230         witness_destroy(lock)
  231 
  232 #define WITNESS_CHECKORDER(lock, flags, file, line)                     \
  233         witness_checkorder((lock), (flags), (file), (line))
  234 
  235 #define WITNESS_DEFINEORDER(lock1, lock2)                               \
  236         witness_defineorder((struct lock_object *)(lock1),              \
  237             (struct lock_object *)(lock2))
  238 
  239 #define WITNESS_LOCK(lock, flags, file, line)                           \
  240         witness_lock((lock), (flags), (file), (line))
  241 
  242 #define WITNESS_UPGRADE(lock, flags, file, line)                        \
  243         witness_upgrade((lock), (flags), (file), (line))
  244 
  245 #define WITNESS_DOWNGRADE(lock, flags, file, line)                      \
  246         witness_downgrade((lock), (flags), (file), (line))
  247 
  248 #define WITNESS_UNLOCK(lock, flags, file, line)                         \
  249         witness_unlock((lock), (flags), (file), (line))
  250 
  251 #define WITNESS_WARN(flags, lock, fmt, ...)                             \
  252         witness_warn((flags), (lock), (fmt), ## __VA_ARGS__)
  253 
  254 #define WITNESS_SAVE_DECL(n)                                            \
  255         const char * __CONCAT(n, __wf);                                 \
  256         int __CONCAT(n, __wl)
  257 
  258 #define WITNESS_SAVE(lock, n)                                           \
  259         witness_save((lock), &__CONCAT(n, __wf), &__CONCAT(n, __wl))
  260 
  261 #define WITNESS_RESTORE(lock, n)                                        \
  262         witness_restore((lock), __CONCAT(n, __wf), __CONCAT(n, __wl))
  263 
  264 #define WITNESS_FILE(lock)                                              \
  265         witness_file(lock)
  266 
  267 #define WITNESS_LINE(lock)                                              \
  268         witness_line(lock)
  269 
  270 #else   /* WITNESS */
  271 #define WITNESS_INIT(lock)      ((lock)->lo_flags |= LO_INITIALIZED)
  272 #define WITNESS_DESTROY(lock)   ((lock)->lo_flags &= ~LO_INITIALIZED)
  273 #define WITNESS_DEFINEORDER(lock1, lock2)       0
  274 #define WITNESS_CHECKORDER(lock, flags, file, line)
  275 #define WITNESS_LOCK(lock, flags, file, line)
  276 #define WITNESS_UPGRADE(lock, flags, file, line)
  277 #define WITNESS_DOWNGRADE(lock, flags, file, line)
  278 #define WITNESS_UNLOCK(lock, flags, file, line)
  279 #define WITNESS_WARN(flags, lock, fmt, ...)
  280 #define WITNESS_SAVE_DECL(n)
  281 #define WITNESS_SAVE(lock, n)
  282 #define WITNESS_RESTORE(lock, n)
  283 #define WITNESS_FILE(lock) ("?")
  284 #define WITNESS_LINE(lock) (0)
  285 #endif  /* WITNESS */
  286 
  287 /*
  288  * Helper macros to allow developers to add explicit lock order checks
  289  * wherever they please without having to actually grab a lock to do so.
  290  */
  291 #define witness_check_mutex(m)                                          \
  292         WITNESS_CHECKORDER(&(m)->mtx_object, LOP_EXCLUSIVE, LOCK_FILE,  \
  293             LOCK_LINE)
  294 
  295 #define witness_check_shared_sx(sx)                                     \
  296         WITNESS_CHECKORDER(&(sx)->sx_object, 0, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
  297         
  298 #define witness_check_exclusive_sx(sx)                                  \
  299         WITNESS_CHECKORDER(&(sx)->sx_object, LOP_EXCLUSIVE, LOCK_FILE,  \
  300             LOCK_LINE)
  301 
  302 #endif  /* _KERNEL */
  303 #endif  /* _SYS_LOCK_H_ */

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