The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/sys/param.h

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993
    3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
    4  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
    5  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
    6  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
    7  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
    8  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
    9  *
   10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   12  * are met:
   13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   18  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   20  *    without specific prior written permission.
   21  *
   22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   33  *
   34  *      @(#)param.h     8.3 (Berkeley) 4/4/95
   35  * $FreeBSD: releng/8.2/sys/sys/param.h 216639 2010-12-22 04:51:05Z kensmith $
   36  */
   37 
   38 #ifndef _SYS_PARAM_H_
   39 #define _SYS_PARAM_H_
   40 
   41 #include <sys/_null.h>
   42 
   43 #define BSD     199506          /* System version (year & month). */
   44 #define BSD4_3  1
   45 #define BSD4_4  1
   46 
   47 /* 
   48  * __FreeBSD_version numbers are documented in the Porter's Handbook.
   49  * If you bump the version for any reason, you should update the documentation
   50  * there.
   51  * Currently this lives here:
   52  *
   53  *      doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/porters-handbook/book.sgml
   54  *
   55  * scheme is:  <major><two digit minor>Rxx
   56  *              'R' is in the range 0 to 4 if this is a release branch or
   57  *              x.0-CURRENT before RELENG_*_0 is created, otherwise 'R' is
   58  *              in the range 5 to 9.
   59  */
   60 #undef __FreeBSD_version
   61 #define __FreeBSD_version 802000        /* Master, propagated to newvers */
   62 
   63 #ifdef _KERNEL
   64 #define P_OSREL_SIGSEGV         700004
   65 #define P_OSREL_MAP_ANON        800104
   66 #endif
   67 
   68 #ifndef LOCORE
   69 #include <sys/types.h>
   70 #endif
   71 
   72 /*
   73  * Machine-independent constants (some used in following include files).
   74  * Redefined constants are from POSIX 1003.1 limits file.
   75  *
   76  * MAXCOMLEN should be >= sizeof(ac_comm) (see <acct.h>)
   77  * MAXLOGNAME should be == UT_NAMESIZE+1 (see <utmp.h>)
   78  */
   79 #include <sys/syslimits.h>
   80 
   81 #define MAXCOMLEN       19              /* max command name remembered */
   82 #define MAXINTERP       32              /* max interpreter file name length */
   83 #define MAXLOGNAME      17              /* max login name length (incl. NUL) */
   84 #define MAXUPRC         CHILD_MAX       /* max simultaneous processes */
   85 #define NCARGS          ARG_MAX         /* max bytes for an exec function */
   86 #define NGROUPS         (NGROUPS_MAX+1) /* max number groups */
   87 #define NOFILE          OPEN_MAX        /* max open files per process */
   88 #define NOGROUP         65535           /* marker for empty group set member */
   89 #define MAXHOSTNAMELEN  256             /* max hostname size */
   90 #define SPECNAMELEN     63              /* max length of devicename */
   91 
   92 /* More types and definitions used throughout the kernel. */
   93 #ifdef _KERNEL
   94 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
   95 #include <sys/errno.h>
   96 #ifndef LOCORE
   97 #include <sys/time.h>
   98 #include <sys/priority.h>
   99 #endif
  100 
  101 #ifndef FALSE
  102 #define FALSE   0
  103 #endif
  104 #ifndef TRUE
  105 #define TRUE    1
  106 #endif
  107 #endif
  108 
  109 #ifndef _KERNEL
  110 /* Signals. */
  111 #include <sys/signal.h>
  112 #endif
  113 
  114 /* Machine type dependent parameters. */
  115 #include <machine/param.h>
  116 #ifndef _KERNEL
  117 #include <sys/limits.h>
  118 #endif
  119 
  120 #ifndef _NO_NAMESPACE_POLLUTION
  121 
  122 #ifndef DEV_BSHIFT
  123 #define DEV_BSHIFT      9               /* log2(DEV_BSIZE) */
  124 #endif
  125 #define DEV_BSIZE       (1<<DEV_BSHIFT)
  126 
  127 #ifndef BLKDEV_IOSIZE
  128 #define BLKDEV_IOSIZE  PAGE_SIZE        /* default block device I/O size */
  129 #endif
  130 #ifndef DFLTPHYS
  131 #define DFLTPHYS        (64 * 1024)     /* default max raw I/O transfer size */
  132 #endif
  133 #ifndef MAXPHYS
  134 #define MAXPHYS         (128 * 1024)    /* max raw I/O transfer size */
  135 #endif
  136 #ifndef MAXDUMPPGS
  137 #define MAXDUMPPGS      (DFLTPHYS/PAGE_SIZE)
  138 #endif
  139 
  140 /*
  141  * Constants related to network buffer management.
  142  * MCLBYTES must be no larger than PAGE_SIZE.
  143  */
  144 #ifndef MSIZE
  145 #define MSIZE           256             /* size of an mbuf */
  146 #endif  /* MSIZE */
  147 
  148 #ifndef MCLSHIFT
  149 #define MCLSHIFT        11              /* convert bytes to mbuf clusters */
  150 #endif  /* MCLSHIFT */
  151 
  152 #define MCLBYTES        (1 << MCLSHIFT) /* size of an mbuf cluster */
  153 
  154 #define MJUMPAGESIZE    PAGE_SIZE       /* jumbo cluster 4k */
  155 #define MJUM9BYTES      (9 * 1024)      /* jumbo cluster 9k */
  156 #define MJUM16BYTES     (16 * 1024)     /* jumbo cluster 16k */
  157 
  158 /*
  159  * Some macros for units conversion
  160  */
  161 
  162 /* clicks to bytes */
  163 #ifndef ctob
  164 #define ctob(x) ((x)<<PAGE_SHIFT)
  165 #endif
  166 
  167 /* bytes to clicks */
  168 #ifndef btoc
  169 #define btoc(x) (((vm_offset_t)(x)+PAGE_MASK)>>PAGE_SHIFT)
  170 #endif
  171 
  172 /*
  173  * btodb() is messy and perhaps slow because `bytes' may be an off_t.  We
  174  * want to shift an unsigned type to avoid sign extension and we don't
  175  * want to widen `bytes' unnecessarily.  Assume that the result fits in
  176  * a daddr_t.
  177  */
  178 #ifndef btodb
  179 #define btodb(bytes)                    /* calculates (bytes / DEV_BSIZE) */ \
  180         (sizeof (bytes) > sizeof(long) \
  181          ? (daddr_t)((unsigned long long)(bytes) >> DEV_BSHIFT) \
  182          : (daddr_t)((unsigned long)(bytes) >> DEV_BSHIFT))
  183 #endif
  184 
  185 #ifndef dbtob
  186 #define dbtob(db)                       /* calculates (db * DEV_BSIZE) */ \
  187         ((off_t)(db) << DEV_BSHIFT)
  188 #endif
  189 
  190 #endif /* _NO_NAMESPACE_POLLUTION */
  191 
  192 #define PRIMASK 0x0ff
  193 #define PCATCH  0x100           /* OR'd with pri for tsleep to check signals */
  194 #define PDROP   0x200   /* OR'd with pri to stop re-entry of interlock mutex */
  195 #define PBDRY   0x400   /* for PCATCH stop is done on the user boundary */
  196 
  197 #define NZERO   0               /* default "nice" */
  198 
  199 #define NBBY    8               /* number of bits in a byte */
  200 #define NBPW    sizeof(int)     /* number of bytes per word (integer) */
  201 
  202 #define CMASK   022             /* default file mask: S_IWGRP|S_IWOTH */
  203 
  204 #define NODEV   (dev_t)(-1)     /* non-existent device */
  205 
  206 /*
  207  * File system parameters and macros.
  208  *
  209  * MAXBSIZE -   Filesystems are made out of blocks of at most MAXBSIZE bytes
  210  *              per block.  MAXBSIZE may be made larger without effecting
  211  *              any existing filesystems as long as it does not exceed MAXPHYS,
  212  *              and may be made smaller at the risk of not being able to use
  213  *              filesystems which require a block size exceeding MAXBSIZE.
  214  *
  215  * BKVASIZE -   Nominal buffer space per buffer, in bytes.  BKVASIZE is the
  216  *              minimum KVM memory reservation the kernel is willing to make.
  217  *              Filesystems can of course request smaller chunks.  Actual 
  218  *              backing memory uses a chunk size of a page (PAGE_SIZE).
  219  *
  220  *              If you make BKVASIZE too small you risk seriously fragmenting
  221  *              the buffer KVM map which may slow things down a bit.  If you
  222  *              make it too big the kernel will not be able to optimally use 
  223  *              the KVM memory reserved for the buffer cache and will wind 
  224  *              up with too-few buffers.
  225  *
  226  *              The default is 16384, roughly 2x the block size used by a
  227  *              normal UFS filesystem.
  228  */
  229 #define MAXBSIZE        65536   /* must be power of 2 */
  230 #define BKVASIZE        16384   /* must be power of 2 */
  231 #define BKVAMASK        (BKVASIZE-1)
  232 
  233 /*
  234  * MAXPATHLEN defines the longest permissible path length after expanding
  235  * symbolic links. It is used to allocate a temporary buffer from the buffer
  236  * pool in which to do the name expansion, hence should be a power of two,
  237  * and must be less than or equal to MAXBSIZE.  MAXSYMLINKS defines the
  238  * maximum number of symbolic links that may be expanded in a path name.
  239  * It should be set high enough to allow all legitimate uses, but halt
  240  * infinite loops reasonably quickly.
  241  */
  242 #define MAXPATHLEN      PATH_MAX
  243 #define MAXSYMLINKS     32
  244 
  245 /* Bit map related macros. */
  246 #define setbit(a,i)     (((unsigned char *)(a))[(i)/NBBY] |= 1<<((i)%NBBY))
  247 #define clrbit(a,i)     (((unsigned char *)(a))[(i)/NBBY] &= ~(1<<((i)%NBBY)))
  248 #define isset(a,i)                                                      \
  249         (((const unsigned char *)(a))[(i)/NBBY] & (1<<((i)%NBBY)))
  250 #define isclr(a,i)                                                      \
  251         ((((const unsigned char *)(a))[(i)/NBBY] & (1<<((i)%NBBY))) == 0)
  252 
  253 /* Macros for counting and rounding. */
  254 #ifndef howmany
  255 #define howmany(x, y)   (((x)+((y)-1))/(y))
  256 #endif
  257 #define rounddown(x, y) (((x)/(y))*(y))
  258 #define roundup(x, y)   ((((x)+((y)-1))/(y))*(y))  /* to any y */
  259 #define roundup2(x, y)  (((x)+((y)-1))&(~((y)-1))) /* if y is powers of two */
  260 #define powerof2(x)     ((((x)-1)&(x))==0)
  261 
  262 /* Macros for min/max. */
  263 #define MIN(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))
  264 #define MAX(a,b) (((a)>(b))?(a):(b))
  265 
  266 #ifdef _KERNEL
  267 /*
  268  * Basic byte order function prototypes for non-inline functions.
  269  */
  270 #ifndef LOCORE
  271 #ifndef _BYTEORDER_PROTOTYPED
  272 #define _BYTEORDER_PROTOTYPED
  273 __BEGIN_DECLS
  274 __uint32_t       htonl(__uint32_t);
  275 __uint16_t       htons(__uint16_t);
  276 __uint32_t       ntohl(__uint32_t);
  277 __uint16_t       ntohs(__uint16_t);
  278 __END_DECLS
  279 #endif
  280 #endif
  281 
  282 #ifndef lint
  283 #ifndef _BYTEORDER_FUNC_DEFINED
  284 #define _BYTEORDER_FUNC_DEFINED
  285 #define htonl(x)        __htonl(x)
  286 #define htons(x)        __htons(x)
  287 #define ntohl(x)        __ntohl(x)
  288 #define ntohs(x)        __ntohs(x)
  289 #endif /* !_BYTEORDER_FUNC_DEFINED */
  290 #endif /* lint */
  291 #endif /* _KERNEL */
  292 
  293 /*
  294  * Scale factor for scaled integers used to count %cpu time and load avgs.
  295  *
  296  * The number of CPU `tick's that map to a unique `%age' can be expressed
  297  * by the formula (1 / (2 ^ (FSHIFT - 11))).  The maximum load average that
  298  * can be calculated (assuming 32 bits) can be closely approximated using
  299  * the formula (2 ^ (2 * (16 - FSHIFT))) for (FSHIFT < 15).
  300  *
  301  * For the scheduler to maintain a 1:1 mapping of CPU `tick' to `%age',
  302  * FSHIFT must be at least 11; this gives us a maximum load avg of ~1024.
  303  */
  304 #define FSHIFT  11              /* bits to right of fixed binary point */
  305 #define FSCALE  (1<<FSHIFT)
  306 
  307 #define dbtoc(db)                       /* calculates devblks to pages */ \
  308         ((db + (ctodb(1) - 1)) >> (PAGE_SHIFT - DEV_BSHIFT))
  309  
  310 #define ctodb(db)                       /* calculates pages to devblks */ \
  311         ((db) << (PAGE_SHIFT - DEV_BSHIFT))
  312 
  313 /*
  314  * Given the pointer x to the member m of the struct s, return
  315  * a pointer to the containing structure.
  316  */
  317 #define member2struct(s, m, x)                                          \
  318         ((struct s *)(void *)((char *)(x) - offsetof(struct s, m)))
  319 
  320 #endif  /* _SYS_PARAM_H_ */

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