FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/ufs/ufs/ufs_vnops.c

     /*-
      * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1993, 1995
      *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
      * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
      * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
      * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
      * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
      * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
      *
     * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
     * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
     * are met:
     * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
     * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
     *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
     *    without specific prior written permission.
     *
     * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
     * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
     * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
     * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
     * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
     * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
     * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
     * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
     * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
     * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
     * SUCH DAMAGE.
     *
     *      @(#)ufs_vnops.c 8.27 (Berkeley) 5/27/95
     */
    
    #include <sys/cdefs.h>
    __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: releng/9.1/sys/ufs/ufs/ufs_vnops.c 236795 2012-06-09 08:09:16Z kib $");
    
    #include "opt_quota.h"
    #include "opt_suiddir.h"
    #include "opt_ufs.h"
    #include "opt_ffs.h"
    
    #include <sys/param.h>
    #include <sys/systm.h>
    #include <sys/malloc.h>
    #include <sys/namei.h>
    #include <sys/kernel.h>
    #include <sys/fcntl.h>
    #include <sys/filio.h>
    #include <sys/stat.h>
    #include <sys/bio.h>
    #include <sys/buf.h>
    #include <sys/mount.h>
    #include <sys/priv.h>
    #include <sys/refcount.h>
    #include <sys/unistd.h>
    #include <sys/vnode.h>
    #include <sys/dirent.h>
    #include <sys/lockf.h>
    #include <sys/conf.h>
    #include <sys/acl.h>
    
    #include <security/mac/mac_framework.h>
    
    #include <sys/file.h>           /* XXX */
    
    #include <vm/vm.h>
    #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
    
    #include <fs/fifofs/fifo.h>
    
    #include <ufs/ufs/acl.h>
    #include <ufs/ufs/extattr.h>
    #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
    #include <ufs/ufs/inode.h>
    #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h>
    #include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
    #include <ufs/ufs/ufs_extern.h>
    #ifdef UFS_DIRHASH
    #include <ufs/ufs/dirhash.h>
    #endif
    #ifdef UFS_GJOURNAL
    #include <ufs/ufs/gjournal.h>
    FEATURE(ufs_gjournal, "Journaling support through GEOM for UFS");
    #endif
    
    #ifdef QUOTA
    FEATURE(ufs_quota, "UFS disk quotas support");
    FEATURE(ufs_quota64, "64bit UFS disk quotas support");
    #endif
    
    #ifdef SUIDDIR
    FEATURE(suiddir,
        "Give all new files in directory the same ownership as the directory");
    #endif
    
    
   #include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>
   
   static vop_accessx_t    ufs_accessx;
   static int ufs_chmod(struct vnode *, int, struct ucred *, struct thread *);
   static int ufs_chown(struct vnode *, uid_t, gid_t, struct ucred *, struct thread *);
   static vop_close_t      ufs_close;
   static vop_create_t     ufs_create;
   static vop_getattr_t    ufs_getattr;
   static vop_ioctl_t      ufs_ioctl;
   static vop_link_t       ufs_link;
   static int ufs_makeinode(int mode, struct vnode *, struct vnode **, struct componentname *);
   static vop_markatime_t  ufs_markatime;
   static vop_mkdir_t      ufs_mkdir;
   static vop_mknod_t      ufs_mknod;
   static vop_open_t       ufs_open;
   static vop_pathconf_t   ufs_pathconf;
   static vop_print_t      ufs_print;
   static vop_readlink_t   ufs_readlink;
   static vop_remove_t     ufs_remove;
   static vop_rename_t     ufs_rename;
   static vop_rmdir_t      ufs_rmdir;
   static vop_setattr_t    ufs_setattr;
   static vop_strategy_t   ufs_strategy;
   static vop_symlink_t    ufs_symlink;
   static vop_whiteout_t   ufs_whiteout;
   static vop_close_t      ufsfifo_close;
   static vop_kqfilter_t   ufsfifo_kqfilter;
   static vop_pathconf_t   ufsfifo_pathconf;
   
   SYSCTL_NODE(_vfs, OID_AUTO, ufs, CTLFLAG_RD, 0, "UFS filesystem");
   
   /*
    * A virgin directory (no blushing please).
    */
   static struct dirtemplate mastertemplate = {
           0, 12, DT_DIR, 1, ".",
           0, DIRBLKSIZ - 12, DT_DIR, 2, ".."
   };
   static struct odirtemplate omastertemplate = {
           0, 12, 1, ".",
           0, DIRBLKSIZ - 12, 2, ".."
   };
   
   static void
   ufs_itimes_locked(struct vnode *vp)
   {
           struct inode *ip;
           struct timespec ts;
   
           ASSERT_VI_LOCKED(vp, __func__);
   
           ip = VTOI(vp);
           if (UFS_RDONLY(ip))
                   goto out;
           if ((ip->i_flag & (IN_ACCESS | IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE)) == 0)
                   return;
   
           if ((vp->v_type == VBLK || vp->v_type == VCHR) && !DOINGSOFTDEP(vp))
                   ip->i_flag |= IN_LAZYMOD;
           else if (((vp->v_mount->mnt_kern_flag &
                       (MNTK_SUSPENDED | MNTK_SUSPEND)) == 0) ||
                       (ip->i_flag & (IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE)))
                   ip->i_flag |= IN_MODIFIED;
           else if (ip->i_flag & IN_ACCESS)
                   ip->i_flag |= IN_LAZYACCESS;
           vfs_timestamp(&ts);
           if (ip->i_flag & IN_ACCESS) {
                   DIP_SET(ip, i_atime, ts.tv_sec);
                   DIP_SET(ip, i_atimensec, ts.tv_nsec);
           }
           if (ip->i_flag & IN_UPDATE) {
                   DIP_SET(ip, i_mtime, ts.tv_sec);
                   DIP_SET(ip, i_mtimensec, ts.tv_nsec);
           }
           if (ip->i_flag & IN_CHANGE) {
                   DIP_SET(ip, i_ctime, ts.tv_sec);
                   DIP_SET(ip, i_ctimensec, ts.tv_nsec);
                   DIP_SET(ip, i_modrev, DIP(ip, i_modrev) + 1);
           }
   
    out:
           ip->i_flag &= ~(IN_ACCESS | IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE);
   }
   
   void
   ufs_itimes(struct vnode *vp)
   {
   
           VI_LOCK(vp);
           ufs_itimes_locked(vp);
           VI_UNLOCK(vp);
   }
   
   /*
    * Create a regular file
    */
   static int
   ufs_create(ap)
           struct vop_create_args /* {
                   struct vnode *a_dvp;
                   struct vnode **a_vpp;
                   struct componentname *a_cnp;
                   struct vattr *a_vap;
           } */ *ap;
   {
           int error;
   
           error =
               ufs_makeinode(MAKEIMODE(ap->a_vap->va_type, ap->a_vap->va_mode),
               ap->a_dvp, ap->a_vpp, ap->a_cnp);
           if (error)
                   return (error);
           return (0);
   }
   
   /*
    * Mknod vnode call
    */
   /* ARGSUSED */
   static int
   ufs_mknod(ap)
           struct vop_mknod_args /* {
                   struct vnode *a_dvp;
                   struct vnode **a_vpp;
                   struct componentname *a_cnp;
                   struct vattr *a_vap;
           } */ *ap;
   {
           struct vattr *vap = ap->a_vap;
           struct vnode **vpp = ap->a_vpp;
           struct inode *ip;
           ino_t ino;
           int error;
   
           error = ufs_makeinode(MAKEIMODE(vap->va_type, vap->va_mode),
               ap->a_dvp, vpp, ap->a_cnp);
           if (error)
                   return (error);
           ip = VTOI(*vpp);
           ip->i_flag |= IN_ACCESS | IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE;
           if (vap->va_rdev != VNOVAL) {
                   /*
                    * Want to be able to use this to make badblock
                    * inodes, so don't truncate the dev number.
                    */
                   DIP_SET(ip, i_rdev, vap->va_rdev);
           }
           /*
            * Remove inode, then reload it through VFS_VGET so it is
            * checked to see if it is an alias of an existing entry in
            * the inode cache.  XXX I don't believe this is necessary now.
            */
           (*vpp)->v_type = VNON;
           ino = ip->i_number;     /* Save this before vgone() invalidates ip. */
           vgone(*vpp);
           vput(*vpp);
           error = VFS_VGET(ap->a_dvp->v_mount, ino, LK_EXCLUSIVE, vpp);
           if (error) {
                   *vpp = NULL;
                   return (error);
           }
           return (0);
   }
   
   /*
    * Open called.
    */
   /* ARGSUSED */
   static int
   ufs_open(struct vop_open_args *ap)
   {
           struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
           struct inode *ip;
   
           if (vp->v_type == VCHR || vp->v_type == VBLK)
                   return (EOPNOTSUPP);
   
           ip = VTOI(vp);
           /*
            * Files marked append-only must be opened for appending.
            */
           if ((ip->i_flags & APPEND) &&
               (ap->a_mode & (FWRITE | O_APPEND)) == FWRITE)
                   return (EPERM);
           vnode_create_vobject(vp, DIP(ip, i_size), ap->a_td);
           return (0);
   }
   
   /*
    * Close called.
    *
    * Update the times on the inode.
    */
   /* ARGSUSED */
   static int
   ufs_close(ap)
           struct vop_close_args /* {
                   struct vnode *a_vp;
                   int  a_fflag;
                   struct ucred *a_cred;
                   struct thread *a_td;
           } */ *ap;
   {
           struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
           int usecount;
   
           VI_LOCK(vp);
           usecount = vp->v_usecount;
           if (usecount > 1)
                   ufs_itimes_locked(vp);
           VI_UNLOCK(vp);
           return (0);
   }
   
   static int
   ufs_accessx(ap)
           struct vop_accessx_args /* {
                   struct vnode *a_vp;
                   accmode_t a_accmode;
                   struct ucred *a_cred;
                   struct thread *a_td;
           } */ *ap;
   {
           struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
           struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);
           accmode_t accmode = ap->a_accmode;
           int error;
   #ifdef QUOTA
           int relocked;
   #endif
   #ifdef UFS_ACL
           struct acl *acl;
           acl_type_t type;
   #endif
   
           /*
            * Disallow write attempts on read-only filesystems;
            * unless the file is a socket, fifo, or a block or
            * character device resident on the filesystem.
            */
           if (accmode & VMODIFY_PERMS) {
                   switch (vp->v_type) {
                   case VDIR:
                   case VLNK:
                   case VREG:
                           if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)
                                   return (EROFS);
   #ifdef QUOTA
                           /*
                            * Inode is accounted in the quotas only if struct
                            * dquot is attached to it. VOP_ACCESS() is called
                            * from vn_open_cred() and provides a convenient
                            * point to call getinoquota().
                            */
                           if (VOP_ISLOCKED(vp) != LK_EXCLUSIVE) {
   
                                   /*
                                    * Upgrade vnode lock, since getinoquota()
                                    * requires exclusive lock to modify inode.
                                    */
                                   relocked = 1;
                                   vhold(vp);
                                   vn_lock(vp, LK_UPGRADE | LK_RETRY);
                                   VI_LOCK(vp);
                                   if (vp->v_iflag & VI_DOOMED) {
                                           vdropl(vp);
                                           error = ENOENT;
                                           goto relock;
                                   }
                                   vdropl(vp);
                           } else
                                   relocked = 0;
                           error = getinoquota(ip);
   relock:
                           if (relocked)
                                   vn_lock(vp, LK_DOWNGRADE | LK_RETRY);
                           if (error != 0)
                                   return (error);
   #endif
                           break;
                   default:
                           break;
                   }
           }
   
           /*
            * If immutable bit set, nobody gets to write it.  "& ~VADMIN_PERMS"
            * is here, because without it, * it would be impossible for the owner
            * to remove the IMMUTABLE flag.
            */
           if ((accmode & (VMODIFY_PERMS & ~VADMIN_PERMS)) &&
               (ip->i_flags & (IMMUTABLE | SF_SNAPSHOT)))
                   return (EPERM);
   
   #ifdef UFS_ACL
           if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & (MNT_ACLS | MNT_NFS4ACLS)) != 0) {
                   if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NFS4ACLS)
                           type = ACL_TYPE_NFS4;
                   else
                           type = ACL_TYPE_ACCESS;
   
                   acl = acl_alloc(M_WAITOK);
                   if (type == ACL_TYPE_NFS4)
                           error = ufs_getacl_nfs4_internal(vp, acl, ap->a_td);
                   else
                           error = VOP_GETACL(vp, type, acl, ap->a_cred, ap->a_td);
                   switch (error) {
                   case 0:
                           if (type == ACL_TYPE_NFS4) {
                                   error = vaccess_acl_nfs4(vp->v_type, ip->i_uid,
                                       ip->i_gid, acl, accmode, ap->a_cred, NULL);
                           } else {
                                   error = vfs_unixify_accmode(&accmode);
                                   if (error == 0)
                                           error = vaccess_acl_posix1e(vp->v_type, ip->i_uid,
                                               ip->i_gid, acl, accmode, ap->a_cred, NULL);
                           }
                           break;
                   default:
                           if (error != EOPNOTSUPP)
                                   printf(
   "ufs_accessx(): Error retrieving ACL on object (%d).\n",
                                       error);
                           /*
                            * XXX: Fall back until debugged.  Should
                            * eventually possibly log an error, and return
                            * EPERM for safety.
                            */
                           error = vfs_unixify_accmode(&accmode);
                           if (error == 0)
                                   error = vaccess(vp->v_type, ip->i_mode, ip->i_uid,
                                       ip->i_gid, accmode, ap->a_cred, NULL);
                   }
                   acl_free(acl);
   
                   return (error);
           }
   #endif /* !UFS_ACL */
           error = vfs_unixify_accmode(&accmode);
           if (error == 0)
                   error = vaccess(vp->v_type, ip->i_mode, ip->i_uid, ip->i_gid,
                       accmode, ap->a_cred, NULL);
           return (error);
   }
   
   /* ARGSUSED */
   static int
   ufs_getattr(ap)
           struct vop_getattr_args /* {
                   struct vnode *a_vp;
                   struct vattr *a_vap;
                   struct ucred *a_cred;
           } */ *ap;
   {
           struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
           struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);
           struct vattr *vap = ap->a_vap;
   
           VI_LOCK(vp);
           ufs_itimes_locked(vp);
           if (ip->i_ump->um_fstype == UFS1) {
                   vap->va_atime.tv_sec = ip->i_din1->di_atime;
                   vap->va_atime.tv_nsec = ip->i_din1->di_atimensec;
           } else {
                   vap->va_atime.tv_sec = ip->i_din2->di_atime;
                   vap->va_atime.tv_nsec = ip->i_din2->di_atimensec;
           }
           VI_UNLOCK(vp);
           /*
            * Copy from inode table
            */
           vap->va_fsid = dev2udev(ip->i_dev);
           vap->va_fileid = ip->i_number;
           vap->va_mode = ip->i_mode & ~IFMT;
           vap->va_nlink = ip->i_effnlink;
           vap->va_uid = ip->i_uid;
           vap->va_gid = ip->i_gid;
           if (ip->i_ump->um_fstype == UFS1) {
                   vap->va_rdev = ip->i_din1->di_rdev;
                   vap->va_size = ip->i_din1->di_size;
                   vap->va_mtime.tv_sec = ip->i_din1->di_mtime;
                   vap->va_mtime.tv_nsec = ip->i_din1->di_mtimensec;
                   vap->va_ctime.tv_sec = ip->i_din1->di_ctime;
                   vap->va_ctime.tv_nsec = ip->i_din1->di_ctimensec;
                   vap->va_bytes = dbtob((u_quad_t)ip->i_din1->di_blocks);
                   vap->va_filerev = ip->i_din1->di_modrev;
           } else {
                   vap->va_rdev = ip->i_din2->di_rdev;
                   vap->va_size = ip->i_din2->di_size;
                   vap->va_mtime.tv_sec = ip->i_din2->di_mtime;
                   vap->va_mtime.tv_nsec = ip->i_din2->di_mtimensec;
                   vap->va_ctime.tv_sec = ip->i_din2->di_ctime;
                   vap->va_ctime.tv_nsec = ip->i_din2->di_ctimensec;
                   vap->va_birthtime.tv_sec = ip->i_din2->di_birthtime;
                   vap->va_birthtime.tv_nsec = ip->i_din2->di_birthnsec;
                   vap->va_bytes = dbtob((u_quad_t)ip->i_din2->di_blocks);
                   vap->va_filerev = ip->i_din2->di_modrev;
           }
           vap->va_flags = ip->i_flags;
           vap->va_gen = ip->i_gen;
           vap->va_blocksize = vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
           vap->va_type = IFTOVT(ip->i_mode);
           return (0);
   }
   
   /*
    * Set attribute vnode op. called from several syscalls
    */
   static int
   ufs_setattr(ap)
           struct vop_setattr_args /* {
                   struct vnode *a_vp;
                   struct vattr *a_vap;
                   struct ucred *a_cred;
           } */ *ap;
   {
           struct vattr *vap = ap->a_vap;
           struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
           struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);
           struct ucred *cred = ap->a_cred;
           struct thread *td = curthread;
           int error;
   
           /*
            * Check for unsettable attributes.
            */
           if ((vap->va_type != VNON) || (vap->va_nlink != VNOVAL) ||
               (vap->va_fsid != VNOVAL) || (vap->va_fileid != VNOVAL) ||
               (vap->va_blocksize != VNOVAL) || (vap->va_rdev != VNOVAL) ||
               ((int)vap->va_bytes != VNOVAL) || (vap->va_gen != VNOVAL)) {
                   return (EINVAL);
           }
           if (vap->va_flags != VNOVAL) {
                   if ((vap->va_flags & ~(UF_NODUMP | UF_IMMUTABLE | UF_APPEND |
                       UF_OPAQUE | UF_NOUNLINK | SF_ARCHIVED | SF_IMMUTABLE |
                       SF_APPEND | SF_NOUNLINK | SF_SNAPSHOT)) != 0)
                           return (EOPNOTSUPP);
                   if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)
                           return (EROFS);
                   /*
                    * Callers may only modify the file flags on objects they
                    * have VADMIN rights for.
                    */
                   if ((error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VADMIN, cred, td)))
                           return (error);
                   /*
                    * Unprivileged processes are not permitted to unset system
                    * flags, or modify flags if any system flags are set.
                    * Privileged non-jail processes may not modify system flags
                    * if securelevel > 0 and any existing system flags are set.
                    * Privileged jail processes behave like privileged non-jail
                    * processes if the security.jail.chflags_allowed sysctl is
                    * is non-zero; otherwise, they behave like unprivileged
                    * processes.
                    */
                   if (!priv_check_cred(cred, PRIV_VFS_SYSFLAGS, 0)) {
                           if (ip->i_flags &
                               (SF_NOUNLINK | SF_IMMUTABLE | SF_APPEND)) {
                                   error = securelevel_gt(cred, 0);
                                   if (error)
                                           return (error);
                           }
                           /* Snapshot flag cannot be set or cleared */
                           if (((vap->va_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0 &&
                                (ip->i_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) ||
                               ((vap->va_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0 &&
                                (ip->i_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0))
                                   return (EPERM);
                           ip->i_flags = vap->va_flags;
                           DIP_SET(ip, i_flags, vap->va_flags);
                   } else {
                           if (ip->i_flags &
                               (SF_NOUNLINK | SF_IMMUTABLE | SF_APPEND) ||
                               (vap->va_flags & UF_SETTABLE) != vap->va_flags)
                                   return (EPERM);
                           ip->i_flags &= SF_SETTABLE;
                           ip->i_flags |= (vap->va_flags & UF_SETTABLE);
                           DIP_SET(ip, i_flags, ip->i_flags);
                   }
                   ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
                   error = UFS_UPDATE(vp, 0);
                   if (ip->i_flags & (IMMUTABLE | APPEND))
                           return (error);
           }
           /*
            * If immutable or append, no one can change any of its attributes
            * except the ones already handled (in some cases, file flags
            * including the immutability flags themselves for the superuser).
            */
           if (ip->i_flags & (IMMUTABLE | APPEND))
                   return (EPERM);
           /*
            * Go through the fields and update iff not VNOVAL.
            */
           if (vap->va_uid != (uid_t)VNOVAL || vap->va_gid != (gid_t)VNOVAL) {
                   if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)
                           return (EROFS);
                   if ((error = ufs_chown(vp, vap->va_uid, vap->va_gid, cred,
                       td)) != 0)
                           return (error);
           }
           if (vap->va_size != VNOVAL) {
                   /*
                    * XXX most of the following special cases should be in
                    * callers instead of in N filesystems.  The VDIR check
                    * mostly already is.
                    */
                   switch (vp->v_type) {
                   case VDIR:
                           return (EISDIR);
                   case VLNK:
                   case VREG:
                           /*
                            * Truncation should have an effect in these cases.
                            * Disallow it if the filesystem is read-only or
                            * the file is being snapshotted.
                            */
                           if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)
                                   return (EROFS);
                           if ((ip->i_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0)
                                   return (EPERM);
                           break;
                   default:
                           /*
                            * According to POSIX, the result is unspecified
                            * for file types other than regular files,
                            * directories and shared memory objects.  We
                            * don't support shared memory objects in the file
                            * system, and have dubious support for truncating
                            * symlinks.  Just ignore the request in other cases.
                            */
                           return (0);
                   }
                   if ((error = UFS_TRUNCATE(vp, vap->va_size, IO_NORMAL,
                       cred, td)) != 0)
                           return (error);
           }
           if (vap->va_atime.tv_sec != VNOVAL ||
               vap->va_mtime.tv_sec != VNOVAL ||
               vap->va_birthtime.tv_sec != VNOVAL) {
                   if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)
                           return (EROFS);
                   if ((ip->i_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0)
                           return (EPERM);
                   /*
                    * From utimes(2):
                    * If times is NULL, ... The caller must be the owner of
                    * the file, have permission to write the file, or be the
                    * super-user.
                    * If times is non-NULL, ... The caller must be the owner of
                    * the file or be the super-user.
                    *
                    * Possibly for historical reasons, try to use VADMIN in
                    * preference to VWRITE for a NULL timestamp.  This means we
                    * will return EACCES in preference to EPERM if neither
                    * check succeeds.
                    */
                   if (vap->va_vaflags & VA_UTIMES_NULL) {
                           /*
                            * NFSv4.1, draft 21, 6.2.1.3.1, Discussion of Mask Attributes
                            *
                            * "A user having ACL_WRITE_DATA or ACL_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES
                            * will be allowed to set the times [..] to the current
                            * server time."
                            *
                            * XXX: Calling it four times seems a little excessive.
                            */
                           error = VOP_ACCESSX(vp, VWRITE_ATTRIBUTES, cred, td);
                           if (error)
                                   error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VWRITE, cred, td);
                   } else
                           error = VOP_ACCESSX(vp, VWRITE_ATTRIBUTES, cred, td);
                   if (error)
                           return (error);
                   if (vap->va_atime.tv_sec != VNOVAL)
                           ip->i_flag |= IN_ACCESS;
                   if (vap->va_mtime.tv_sec != VNOVAL)
                           ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE;
                   if (vap->va_birthtime.tv_sec != VNOVAL &&
                       ip->i_ump->um_fstype == UFS2)
                           ip->i_flag |= IN_MODIFIED;
                   ufs_itimes(vp);
                   if (vap->va_atime.tv_sec != VNOVAL) {
                           DIP_SET(ip, i_atime, vap->va_atime.tv_sec);
                           DIP_SET(ip, i_atimensec, vap->va_atime.tv_nsec);
                   }
                   if (vap->va_mtime.tv_sec != VNOVAL) {
                           DIP_SET(ip, i_mtime, vap->va_mtime.tv_sec);
                           DIP_SET(ip, i_mtimensec, vap->va_mtime.tv_nsec);
                   }
                   if (vap->va_birthtime.tv_sec != VNOVAL &&
                       ip->i_ump->um_fstype == UFS2) {
                           ip->i_din2->di_birthtime = vap->va_birthtime.tv_sec;
                           ip->i_din2->di_birthnsec = vap->va_birthtime.tv_nsec;
                   }
                   error = UFS_UPDATE(vp, 0);
                   if (error)
                           return (error);
           }
           error = 0;
           if (vap->va_mode != (mode_t)VNOVAL) {
                   if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_RDONLY)
                           return (EROFS);
                   if ((ip->i_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0 && (vap->va_mode &
                      (S_IXUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IWGRP | S_IXOTH | S_IWOTH)))
                           return (EPERM);
                   error = ufs_chmod(vp, (int)vap->va_mode, cred, td);
           }
           return (error);
   }
   
   #ifdef UFS_ACL
   static int
   ufs_update_nfs4_acl_after_mode_change(struct vnode *vp, int mode,
       int file_owner_id, struct ucred *cred, struct thread *td)
   {
           int error;
           struct acl *aclp;
   
           aclp = acl_alloc(M_WAITOK);
           error = ufs_getacl_nfs4_internal(vp, aclp, td);
           /*
            * We don't have to handle EOPNOTSUPP here, as the filesystem claims
            * it supports ACLs.
            */
           if (error)
                   goto out;
   
           acl_nfs4_sync_acl_from_mode(aclp, mode, file_owner_id);
           error = ufs_setacl_nfs4_internal(vp, aclp, td);
   
   out:
           acl_free(aclp);
           return (error);
   }
   #endif /* UFS_ACL */
   
   /*
    * Mark this file's access time for update for vfs_mark_atime().  This
    * is called from execve() and mmap().
    */
   static int
   ufs_markatime(ap)
           struct vop_markatime_args /* {
                   struct vnode *a_vp;
           } */ *ap;
   {
           struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
           struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);
   
           VI_LOCK(vp);
           ip->i_flag |= IN_ACCESS;
           VI_UNLOCK(vp);
           /*
            * XXXKIB No UFS_UPDATE(ap->a_vp, 0) there.
            */
           return (0);
   }
   
   /*
    * Change the mode on a file.
    * Inode must be locked before calling.
    */
   static int
   ufs_chmod(vp, mode, cred, td)
           struct vnode *vp;
           int mode;
           struct ucred *cred;
           struct thread *td;
   {
           struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);
           int error;
   
           /*
            * To modify the permissions on a file, must possess VADMIN
            * for that file.
            */
           if ((error = VOP_ACCESSX(vp, VWRITE_ACL, cred, td)))
                   return (error);
           /*
            * Privileged processes may set the sticky bit on non-directories,
            * as well as set the setgid bit on a file with a group that the
            * process is not a member of.  Both of these are allowed in
            * jail(8).
            */
           if (vp->v_type != VDIR && (mode & S_ISTXT)) {
                   if (priv_check_cred(cred, PRIV_VFS_STICKYFILE, 0))
                           return (EFTYPE);
           }
           if (!groupmember(ip->i_gid, cred) && (mode & ISGID)) {
                   error = priv_check_cred(cred, PRIV_VFS_SETGID, 0);
                   if (error)
                           return (error);
           }
   
           /*
            * Deny setting setuid if we are not the file owner.
            */
           if ((mode & ISUID) && ip->i_uid != cred->cr_uid) {
                   error = priv_check_cred(cred, PRIV_VFS_ADMIN, 0);
                   if (error)
                           return (error);
           }
   
           ip->i_mode &= ~ALLPERMS;
           ip->i_mode |= (mode & ALLPERMS);
           DIP_SET(ip, i_mode, ip->i_mode);
           ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
   #ifdef UFS_ACL
           if ((vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NFS4ACLS) != 0)
                   error = ufs_update_nfs4_acl_after_mode_change(vp, mode, ip->i_uid, cred, td);
   #endif
           if (error == 0 && (ip->i_flag & IN_CHANGE) != 0)
                   error = UFS_UPDATE(vp, 0);
   
           return (error);
   }
   
   /*
    * Perform chown operation on inode ip;
    * inode must be locked prior to call.
    */
   static int
   ufs_chown(vp, uid, gid, cred, td)
           struct vnode *vp;
           uid_t uid;
           gid_t gid;
           struct ucred *cred;
           struct thread *td;
   {
           struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);
           uid_t ouid;
           gid_t ogid;
           int error = 0;
   #ifdef QUOTA
           int i;
           ufs2_daddr_t change;
   #endif
   
           if (uid == (uid_t)VNOVAL)
                   uid = ip->i_uid;
           if (gid == (gid_t)VNOVAL)
                   gid = ip->i_gid;
           /*
            * To modify the ownership of a file, must possess VADMIN for that
            * file.
            */
           if ((error = VOP_ACCESSX(vp, VWRITE_OWNER, cred, td)))
                   return (error);
           /*
            * To change the owner of a file, or change the group of a file to a
            * group of which we are not a member, the caller must have
            * privilege.
            */
           if (((uid != ip->i_uid && uid != cred->cr_uid) || 
               (gid != ip->i_gid && !groupmember(gid, cred))) &&
               (error = priv_check_cred(cred, PRIV_VFS_CHOWN, 0)))
                   return (error);
           ogid = ip->i_gid;
           ouid = ip->i_uid;
   #ifdef QUOTA
           if ((error = getinoquota(ip)) != 0)
                   return (error);
           if (ouid == uid) {
                   dqrele(vp, ip->i_dquot[USRQUOTA]);
                   ip->i_dquot[USRQUOTA] = NODQUOT;
           }
           if (ogid == gid) {
                   dqrele(vp, ip->i_dquot[GRPQUOTA]);
                   ip->i_dquot[GRPQUOTA] = NODQUOT;
           }
           change = DIP(ip, i_blocks);
           (void) chkdq(ip, -change, cred, CHOWN);
           (void) chkiq(ip, -1, cred, CHOWN);
           for (i = 0; i < MAXQUOTAS; i++) {
                   dqrele(vp, ip->i_dquot[i]);
                   ip->i_dquot[i] = NODQUOT;
           }
   #endif
           ip->i_gid = gid;
           DIP_SET(ip, i_gid, gid);
           ip->i_uid = uid;
           DIP_SET(ip, i_uid, uid);
   #ifdef QUOTA
           if ((error = getinoquota(ip)) == 0) {
                   if (ouid == uid) {
                           dqrele(vp, ip->i_dquot[USRQUOTA]);
                           ip->i_dquot[USRQUOTA] = NODQUOT;
                   }
                   if (ogid == gid) {
                           dqrele(vp, ip->i_dquot[GRPQUOTA]);
                           ip->i_dquot[GRPQUOTA] = NODQUOT;
                   }
                   if ((error = chkdq(ip, change, cred, CHOWN)) == 0) {
                           if ((error = chkiq(ip, 1, cred, CHOWN)) == 0)
                                   goto good;
                           else
                                   (void) chkdq(ip, -change, cred, CHOWN|FORCE);
                   }
                   for (i = 0; i < MAXQUOTAS; i++) {
                           dqrele(vp, ip->i_dquot[i]);
                           ip->i_dquot[i] = NODQUOT;
                   }
           }
           ip->i_gid = ogid;
           DIP_SET(ip, i_gid, ogid);
           ip->i_uid = ouid;
           DIP_SET(ip, i_uid, ouid);
           if (getinoquota(ip) == 0) {
                   if (ouid == uid) {
                           dqrele(vp, ip->i_dquot[USRQUOTA]);
                           ip->i_dquot[USRQUOTA] = NODQUOT;
                   }
                   if (ogid == gid) {
                           dqrele(vp, ip->i_dquot[GRPQUOTA]);
                           ip->i_dquot[GRPQUOTA] = NODQUOT;
                   }
                   (void) chkdq(ip, change, cred, FORCE|CHOWN);
                   (void) chkiq(ip, 1, cred, FORCE|CHOWN);
                   (void) getinoquota(ip);
           }
           return (error);
   good:
           if (getinoquota(ip))
                   panic("ufs_chown: lost quota");
   #endif /* QUOTA */
           ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
           if ((ip->i_mode & (ISUID | ISGID)) && (ouid != uid || ogid != gid)) {
                   if (priv_check_cred(cred, PRIV_VFS_RETAINSUGID, 0)) {
                           ip->i_mode &= ~(ISUID | ISGID);
                           DIP_SET(ip, i_mode, ip->i_mode);
                   }
           }
           error = UFS_UPDATE(vp, 0);
           return (error);
   }
   
   static int
   ufs_remove(ap)
           struct vop_remove_args /* {
                   struct vnode *a_dvp;
                   struct vnode *a_vp;
                   struct componentname *a_cnp;
           } */ *ap;
   {
           struct inode *ip;
           struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
           struct vnode *dvp = ap->a_dvp;
           int error;
           struct thread *td;
   
           td = curthread;
           ip = VTOI(vp);
           if ((ip->i_flags & (NOUNLINK | IMMUTABLE | APPEND)) ||
               (VTOI(dvp)->i_flags & APPEND)) {
                   error = EPERM;
                   goto out;
           }
   #ifdef UFS_GJOURNAL
           ufs_gjournal_orphan(vp);
   #endif
           error = ufs_dirremove(dvp, ip, ap->a_cnp->cn_flags, 0);
           if (ip->i_nlink <= 0)
                   vp->v_vflag |= VV_NOSYNC;
           if ((ip->i_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0) {
                   /*
                    * Avoid deadlock where another thread is trying to
                    * update the inodeblock for dvp and is waiting on
                    * snaplk.  Temporary unlock the vnode lock for the
                    * unlinked file and sync the directory.  This should
                    * allow vput() of the directory to not block later on
                    * while holding the snapshot vnode locked, assuming
                    * that the directory hasn't been unlinked too.
                    */
                   VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0);
                   (void) VOP_FSYNC(dvp, MNT_WAIT, td);
                   vn_lock(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
           }
   out:
           return (error);
   }
   
   /*
    * link vnode call
    */
   static int
   ufs_link(ap)
           struct vop_link_args /* {
                   struct vnode *a_tdvp;
                   struct vnode *a_vp;
                   struct componentname *a_cnp;
           } */ *ap;
   {
           struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
           struct vnode *tdvp = ap->a_tdvp;
           struct componentname *cnp = ap->a_cnp;
           struct inode *ip;
           struct direct newdir;
           int error;
   
  #ifdef INVARIANTS
          if ((cnp->cn_flags & HASBUF) == 0)
                  panic("ufs_link: no name");
  #endif
          if (tdvp->v_mount != vp->v_mount) {
                  error = EXDEV;
                  goto out;
          }
          if (VTOI(tdvp)->i_effnlink < 2)
                  panic("ufs_link: Bad link count %d on parent",
                      VTOI(tdvp)->i_effnlink);
          ip = VTOI(vp);
          if ((nlink_t)ip->i_nlink >= LINK_MAX) {
                  error = EMLINK;
                  goto out;
          }
          /*
           * The file may have been removed after namei droped the original
           * lock.
           */
          if (ip->i_effnlink == 0) {
                  error = ENOENT;
                  goto out;
          }
          if (ip->i_flags & (IMMUTABLE | APPEND)) {
                  error = EPERM;
                  goto out;
          }
          ip->i_effnlink++;
          ip->i_nlink++;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_nlink, ip->i_nlink);
          ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(vp))
                  softdep_setup_link(VTOI(tdvp), ip);
          error = UFS_UPDATE(vp, !(DOINGSOFTDEP(vp) | DOINGASYNC(vp)));
          if (!error) {
                  ufs_makedirentry(ip, cnp, &newdir);
                  error = ufs_direnter(tdvp, vp, &newdir, cnp, NULL, 0);
          }
  
          if (error) {
                  ip->i_effnlink--;
                  ip->i_nlink--;
                  DIP_SET(ip, i_nlink, ip->i_nlink);
                  ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
                  if (DOINGSOFTDEP(vp))
                          softdep_revert_link(VTOI(tdvp), ip);
          }
  out:
          return (error);
  }
  
  /*
   * whiteout vnode call
   */
  static int
  ufs_whiteout(ap)
          struct vop_whiteout_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_dvp;
                  struct componentname *a_cnp;
                  int a_flags;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          struct vnode *dvp = ap->a_dvp;
          struct componentname *cnp = ap->a_cnp;
          struct direct newdir;
          int error = 0;
  
          switch (ap->a_flags) {
          case LOOKUP:
                  /* 4.4 format directories support whiteout operations */
                  if (dvp->v_mount->mnt_maxsymlinklen > 0)
                          return (0);
                  return (EOPNOTSUPP);
  
          case CREATE:
                  /* create a new directory whiteout */
  #ifdef INVARIANTS
                  if ((cnp->cn_flags & SAVENAME) == 0)
                          panic("ufs_whiteout: missing name");
                  if (dvp->v_mount->mnt_maxsymlinklen <= 0)
                          panic("ufs_whiteout: old format filesystem");
  #endif
  
                  newdir.d_ino = WINO;
                  newdir.d_namlen = cnp->cn_namelen;
                  bcopy(cnp->cn_nameptr, newdir.d_name, (unsigned)cnp->cn_namelen + 1);
                  newdir.d_type = DT_WHT;
                  error = ufs_direnter(dvp, NULL, &newdir, cnp, NULL, 0);
                  break;
  
          case DELETE:
                  /* remove an existing directory whiteout */
  #ifdef INVARIANTS
                  if (dvp->v_mount->mnt_maxsymlinklen <= 0)
                          panic("ufs_whiteout: old format filesystem");
  #endif
  
                  cnp->cn_flags &= ~DOWHITEOUT;
                  error = ufs_dirremove(dvp, NULL, cnp->cn_flags, 0);
                  break;
          default:
                  panic("ufs_whiteout: unknown op");
          }
          return (error);
  }
  
  static volatile int rename_restarts;
  SYSCTL_INT(_vfs_ufs, OID_AUTO, rename_restarts, CTLFLAG_RD,
      __DEVOLATILE(int *, &rename_restarts), 0,
      "Times rename had to restart due to lock contention");
  
  /*
   * Rename system call.
   *      rename("foo", "bar");
   * is essentially
   *      unlink("bar");
   *      link("foo", "bar");
   *      unlink("foo");
   * but ``atomically''.  Can't do full commit without saving state in the
   * inode on disk which isn't feasible at this time.  Best we can do is
   * always guarantee the target exists.
   *
   * Basic algorithm is:
   *
   * 1) Bump link count on source while we're linking it to the
   *    target.  This also ensure the inode won't be deleted out
   *    from underneath us while we work (it may be truncated by
   *    a concurrent `trunc' or `open' for creation).
   * 2) Link source to destination.  If destination already exists,
   *    delete it first.
   * 3) Unlink source reference to inode if still around. If a
   *    directory was moved and the parent of the destination
   *    is different from the source, patch the ".." entry in the
   *    directory.
   */
  static int
  ufs_rename(ap)
          struct vop_rename_args  /* {
                  struct vnode *a_fdvp;
                  struct vnode *a_fvp;
                  struct componentname *a_fcnp;
                  struct vnode *a_tdvp;
                  struct vnode *a_tvp;
                  struct componentname *a_tcnp;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          struct vnode *tvp = ap->a_tvp;
          struct vnode *tdvp = ap->a_tdvp;
          struct vnode *fvp = ap->a_fvp;
          struct vnode *fdvp = ap->a_fdvp;
          struct vnode *nvp;
          struct componentname *tcnp = ap->a_tcnp;
          struct componentname *fcnp = ap->a_fcnp;
          struct thread *td = fcnp->cn_thread;
          struct inode *fip, *tip, *tdp, *fdp;
          struct direct newdir;
          off_t endoff;
          int doingdirectory, newparent;
          int error = 0;
          struct mount *mp;
          ino_t ino;
  
  #ifdef INVARIANTS
          if ((tcnp->cn_flags & HASBUF) == 0 ||
              (fcnp->cn_flags & HASBUF) == 0)
                  panic("ufs_rename: no name");
  #endif
          endoff = 0;
          mp = tdvp->v_mount;
          VOP_UNLOCK(tdvp, 0);
          if (tvp && tvp != tdvp)
                  VOP_UNLOCK(tvp, 0);
          /*
           * Check for cross-device rename.
           */
          if ((fvp->v_mount != tdvp->v_mount) ||
              (tvp && (fvp->v_mount != tvp->v_mount))) {
                  error = EXDEV;
                  mp = NULL;
                  goto releout;
          }
          error = vfs_busy(mp, 0);
          if (error) {
                  mp = NULL;
                  goto releout;
          }
  relock:
          /* 
           * We need to acquire 2 to 4 locks depending on whether tvp is NULL
           * and fdvp and tdvp are the same directory.  Subsequently we need
           * to double-check all paths and in the directory rename case we
           * need to verify that we are not creating a directory loop.  To
           * handle this we acquire all but fdvp using non-blocking
           * acquisitions.  If we fail to acquire any lock in the path we will
           * drop all held locks, acquire the new lock in a blocking fashion,
           * and then release it and restart the rename.  This acquire/release
           * step ensures that we do not spin on a lock waiting for release.
           */
          error = vn_lock(fdvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE);
          if (error)
                  goto releout;
          if (vn_lock(tdvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT) != 0) {
                  VOP_UNLOCK(fdvp, 0);
                  error = vn_lock(tdvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE);
                  if (error)
                          goto releout;
                  VOP_UNLOCK(tdvp, 0);
                  atomic_add_int(&rename_restarts, 1);
                  goto relock;
          }
          /*
           * Re-resolve fvp to be certain it still exists and fetch the
           * correct vnode.
           */
          error = ufs_lookup_ino(fdvp, NULL, fcnp, &ino);
          if (error) {
                  VOP_UNLOCK(fdvp, 0);
                  VOP_UNLOCK(tdvp, 0);
                  goto releout;
          }
          error = VFS_VGET(mp, ino, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT, &nvp);
          if (error) {
                  VOP_UNLOCK(fdvp, 0);
                  VOP_UNLOCK(tdvp, 0);
                  if (error != EBUSY)
                          goto releout;
                  error = VFS_VGET(mp, ino, LK_EXCLUSIVE, &nvp);
                  if (error != 0)
                          goto releout;
                  VOP_UNLOCK(nvp, 0);
                  vrele(fvp);
                  fvp = nvp;
                  atomic_add_int(&rename_restarts, 1);
                  goto relock;
          }
          vrele(fvp);
          fvp = nvp;
          /*
           * Re-resolve tvp and acquire the vnode lock if present.
           */
          error = ufs_lookup_ino(tdvp, NULL, tcnp, &ino);
          if (error != 0 && error != EJUSTRETURN) {
                  VOP_UNLOCK(fdvp, 0);
                  VOP_UNLOCK(tdvp, 0);
                  VOP_UNLOCK(fvp, 0);
                  goto releout;
          }
          /*
           * If tvp disappeared we just carry on.
           */
          if (error == EJUSTRETURN && tvp != NULL) {
                  vrele(tvp);
                  tvp = NULL;
          }
          /*
           * Get the tvp ino if the lookup succeeded.  We may have to restart
           * if the non-blocking acquire fails.
           */
          if (error == 0) {
                  nvp = NULL;
                  error = VFS_VGET(mp, ino, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_NOWAIT, &nvp);
                  if (tvp)
                          vrele(tvp);
                  tvp = nvp;
                  if (error) {
                          VOP_UNLOCK(fdvp, 0);
                          VOP_UNLOCK(tdvp, 0);
                          VOP_UNLOCK(fvp, 0);
                          if (error != EBUSY)
                                  goto releout;
                          error = VFS_VGET(mp, ino, LK_EXCLUSIVE, &nvp);
                          if (error != 0)
                                  goto releout;
                          VOP_UNLOCK(nvp, 0);
                          atomic_add_int(&rename_restarts, 1);
                          goto relock;
                  }
          }
          fdp = VTOI(fdvp);
          fip = VTOI(fvp);
          tdp = VTOI(tdvp);
          tip = NULL;
          if (tvp)
                  tip = VTOI(tvp);
          if (tvp && ((VTOI(tvp)->i_flags & (NOUNLINK | IMMUTABLE | APPEND)) ||
              (VTOI(tdvp)->i_flags & APPEND))) {
                  error = EPERM;
                  goto unlockout;
          }
          /*
           * Renaming a file to itself has no effect.  The upper layers should
           * not call us in that case.  However, things could change after
           * we drop the locks above.
           */
          if (fvp == tvp) {
                  error = 0;
                  goto unlockout;
          }
          doingdirectory = 0;
          newparent = 0;
          ino = fip->i_number;
          if (fip->i_nlink >= LINK_MAX) {
                  error = EMLINK;
                  goto unlockout;
          }
          if ((fip->i_flags & (NOUNLINK | IMMUTABLE | APPEND))
              || (fdp->i_flags & APPEND)) {
                  error = EPERM;
                  goto unlockout;
          }
          if ((fip->i_mode & IFMT) == IFDIR) {
                  /*
                   * Avoid ".", "..", and aliases of "." for obvious reasons.
                   */
                  if ((fcnp->cn_namelen == 1 && fcnp->cn_nameptr[0] == '.') ||
                      fdp == fip ||
                      (fcnp->cn_flags | tcnp->cn_flags) & ISDOTDOT) {
                          error = EINVAL;
                          goto unlockout;
                  }
                  if (fdp->i_number != tdp->i_number)
                          newparent = tdp->i_number;
                  doingdirectory = 1;
          }
          if ((fvp->v_type == VDIR && fvp->v_mountedhere != NULL) ||
              (tvp != NULL && tvp->v_type == VDIR &&
              tvp->v_mountedhere != NULL)) {
                  error = EXDEV;
                  goto unlockout;
          }
  
          /*
           * If ".." must be changed (ie the directory gets a new
           * parent) then the source directory must not be in the
           * directory hierarchy above the target, as this would
           * orphan everything below the source directory. Also
           * the user must have write permission in the source so
           * as to be able to change "..".
           */
          if (doingdirectory && newparent) {
                  error = VOP_ACCESS(fvp, VWRITE, tcnp->cn_cred, tcnp->cn_thread);
                  if (error)
                          goto unlockout;
                  error = ufs_checkpath(ino, fdp->i_number, tdp, tcnp->cn_cred,
                      &ino);
                  /*
                   * We encountered a lock that we have to wait for.  Unlock
                   * everything else and VGET before restarting.
                   */
                  if (ino) {
                          VOP_UNLOCK(fdvp, 0);
                          VOP_UNLOCK(fvp, 0);
                          VOP_UNLOCK(tdvp, 0);
                          if (tvp)
                                  VOP_UNLOCK(tvp, 0);
                          error = VFS_VGET(mp, ino, LK_SHARED, &nvp);
                          if (error == 0)
                                  vput(nvp);
                          atomic_add_int(&rename_restarts, 1);
                          goto relock;
                  }
                  if (error)
                          goto unlockout;
                  if ((tcnp->cn_flags & SAVESTART) == 0)
                          panic("ufs_rename: lost to startdir");
          }
          if (fip->i_effnlink == 0 || fdp->i_effnlink == 0 ||
              tdp->i_effnlink == 0)
                  panic("Bad effnlink fip %p, fdp %p, tdp %p", fip, fdp, tdp);
  
          /*
           * 1) Bump link count while we're moving stuff
           *    around.  If we crash somewhere before
           *    completing our work, the link count
           *    may be wrong, but correctable.
           */
          fip->i_effnlink++;
          fip->i_nlink++;
          DIP_SET(fip, i_nlink, fip->i_nlink);
          fip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(fvp))
                  softdep_setup_link(tdp, fip);
          error = UFS_UPDATE(fvp, !(DOINGSOFTDEP(fvp) | DOINGASYNC(fvp)));
          if (error)
                  goto bad;
  
          /*
           * 2) If target doesn't exist, link the target
           *    to the source and unlink the source.
           *    Otherwise, rewrite the target directory
           *    entry to reference the source inode and
           *    expunge the original entry's existence.
           */
          if (tip == NULL) {
                  if (tdp->i_dev != fip->i_dev)
                          panic("ufs_rename: EXDEV");
                  if (doingdirectory && newparent) {
                          /*
                           * Account for ".." in new directory.
                           * When source and destination have the same
                           * parent we don't adjust the link count.  The
                           * actual link modification is completed when
                           * .. is rewritten below.
                           */
                          if ((nlink_t)tdp->i_nlink >= LINK_MAX) {
                                  error = EMLINK;
                                  goto bad;
                          }
                  }
                  ufs_makedirentry(fip, tcnp, &newdir);
                  error = ufs_direnter(tdvp, NULL, &newdir, tcnp, NULL, 1);
                  if (error)
                          goto bad;
                  /* Setup tdvp for directory compaction if needed. */
                  if (tdp->i_count && tdp->i_endoff &&
                      tdp->i_endoff < tdp->i_size)
                          endoff = tdp->i_endoff;
          } else {
                  if (tip->i_dev != tdp->i_dev || tip->i_dev != fip->i_dev)
                          panic("ufs_rename: EXDEV");
                  /*
                   * Short circuit rename(foo, foo).
                   */
                  if (tip->i_number == fip->i_number)
                          panic("ufs_rename: same file");
                  /*
                   * If the parent directory is "sticky", then the caller
                   * must possess VADMIN for the parent directory, or the
                   * destination of the rename.  This implements append-only
                   * directories.
                   */
                  if ((tdp->i_mode & S_ISTXT) &&
                      VOP_ACCESS(tdvp, VADMIN, tcnp->cn_cred, td) &&
                      VOP_ACCESS(tvp, VADMIN, tcnp->cn_cred, td)) {
                          error = EPERM;
                          goto bad;
                  }
                  /*
                   * Target must be empty if a directory and have no links
                   * to it. Also, ensure source and target are compatible
                   * (both directories, or both not directories).
                   */
                  if ((tip->i_mode & IFMT) == IFDIR) {
                          if ((tip->i_effnlink > 2) ||
                              !ufs_dirempty(tip, tdp->i_number, tcnp->cn_cred)) {
                                  error = ENOTEMPTY;
                                  goto bad;
                          }
                          if (!doingdirectory) {
                                  error = ENOTDIR;
                                  goto bad;
                          }
                          cache_purge(tdvp);
                  } else if (doingdirectory) {
                          error = EISDIR;
                          goto bad;
                  }
                  if (doingdirectory) {
                          if (!newparent) {
                                  tdp->i_effnlink--;
                                  if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tdvp))
                                          softdep_change_linkcnt(tdp);
                          }
                          tip->i_effnlink--;
                          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp))
                                  softdep_change_linkcnt(tip);
                  }
                  error = ufs_dirrewrite(tdp, tip, fip->i_number,
                      IFTODT(fip->i_mode),
                      (doingdirectory && newparent) ? newparent : doingdirectory);
                  if (error) {
                          if (doingdirectory) {
                                  if (!newparent) {
                                          tdp->i_effnlink++;
                                          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tdvp))
                                                  softdep_change_linkcnt(tdp);
                                  }
                                  tip->i_effnlink++;
                                  if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp))
                                          softdep_change_linkcnt(tip);
                          }
                  }
                  if (doingdirectory && !DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp)) {
                          /*
                           * The only stuff left in the directory is "."
                           * and "..". The "." reference is inconsequential
                           * since we are quashing it. We have removed the "."
                           * reference and the reference in the parent directory,
                           * but there may be other hard links. The soft
                           * dependency code will arrange to do these operations
                           * after the parent directory entry has been deleted on
                           * disk, so when running with that code we avoid doing
                           * them now.
                           */
                          if (!newparent) {
                                  tdp->i_nlink--;
                                  DIP_SET(tdp, i_nlink, tdp->i_nlink);
                                  tdp->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
                          }
                          tip->i_nlink--;
                          DIP_SET(tip, i_nlink, tip->i_nlink);
                          tip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
                  }
          }
  
          /*
           * 3) Unlink the source.  We have to resolve the path again to
           * fixup the directory offset and count for ufs_dirremove.
           */
          if (fdvp == tdvp) {
                  error = ufs_lookup_ino(fdvp, NULL, fcnp, &ino);
                  if (error)
                          panic("ufs_rename: from entry went away!");
                  if (ino != fip->i_number)
                          panic("ufs_rename: ino mismatch %d != %d\n", ino,
                              fip->i_number);
          }
          /*
           * If the source is a directory with a
           * new parent, the link count of the old
           * parent directory must be decremented
           * and ".." set to point to the new parent.
           */
          if (doingdirectory && newparent) {
                  /*
                   * If tip exists we simply use its link, otherwise we must
                   * add a new one.
                   */
                  if (tip == NULL) {
                          tdp->i_effnlink++;
                          tdp->i_nlink++;
                          DIP_SET(tdp, i_nlink, tdp->i_nlink);
                          tdp->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
                          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tdvp))
                                  softdep_setup_dotdot_link(tdp, fip);
                          error = UFS_UPDATE(tdvp, !(DOINGSOFTDEP(tdvp) |
                                                     DOINGASYNC(tdvp)));
                          /* Don't go to bad here as the new link exists. */
                          if (error)
                                  goto unlockout;
                  } else if (DOINGSUJ(tdvp))
                          /* Journal must account for each new link. */
                          softdep_setup_dotdot_link(tdp, fip);
                  fip->i_offset = mastertemplate.dot_reclen;
                  ufs_dirrewrite(fip, fdp, newparent, DT_DIR, 0);
                  cache_purge(fdvp);
          }
          error = ufs_dirremove(fdvp, fip, fcnp->cn_flags, 0);
          /*
           * The kern_renameat() looks up the fvp using the DELETE flag, which
           * causes the removal of the name cache entry for fvp.
           * As the relookup of the fvp is done in two steps:
           * ufs_lookup_ino() and then VFS_VGET(), another thread might do a
           * normal lookup of the from name just before the VFS_VGET() call,
           * causing the cache entry to be re-instantiated.
           *
           * The same issue also applies to tvp if it exists as
           * otherwise we may have a stale name cache entry for the new
           * name that references the old i-node if it has other links
           * or open file descriptors.
           */
          cache_purge(fvp);
          if (tvp)
                  cache_purge(tvp);
  
  unlockout:
          vput(fdvp);
          vput(fvp);
          if (tvp)
                  vput(tvp);
          /*
           * If compaction or fsync was requested do it now that other locks
           * are no longer needed.
           */
          if (error == 0 && endoff != 0) {
  #ifdef UFS_DIRHASH
                  if (tdp->i_dirhash != NULL)
                          ufsdirhash_dirtrunc(tdp, endoff);
  #endif
                  UFS_TRUNCATE(tdvp, endoff, IO_NORMAL | IO_SYNC, tcnp->cn_cred,
                      td);
          }
          if (error == 0 && tdp->i_flag & IN_NEEDSYNC)
                  error = VOP_FSYNC(tdvp, MNT_WAIT, td);
          vput(tdvp);
          if (mp)
                  vfs_unbusy(mp);
          return (error);
  
  bad:
          fip->i_effnlink--;
          fip->i_nlink--;
          DIP_SET(fip, i_nlink, fip->i_nlink);
          fip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(fvp))
                  softdep_revert_link(tdp, fip);
          goto unlockout;
  
  releout:
          vrele(fdvp);
          vrele(fvp);
          vrele(tdvp);
          if (tvp)
                  vrele(tvp);
          if (mp)
                  vfs_unbusy(mp);
  
          return (error);
  }
  
  #ifdef UFS_ACL
  static int
  ufs_do_posix1e_acl_inheritance_dir(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode *tvp,
      mode_t dmode, struct ucred *cred, struct thread *td)
  {
          int error;
          struct inode *ip = VTOI(tvp);
          struct acl *dacl, *acl;
  
          acl = acl_alloc(M_WAITOK);
          dacl = acl_alloc(M_WAITOK);
  
          /*
           * Retrieve default ACL from parent, if any.
           */
          error = VOP_GETACL(dvp, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT, acl, cred, td);
          switch (error) {
          case 0:
                  /*
                   * Retrieved a default ACL, so merge mode and ACL if
                   * necessary.  If the ACL is empty, fall through to
                   * the "not defined or available" case.
                   */
                  if (acl->acl_cnt != 0) {
                          dmode = acl_posix1e_newfilemode(dmode, acl);
                          ip->i_mode = dmode;
                          DIP_SET(ip, i_mode, dmode);
                          *dacl = *acl;
                          ufs_sync_acl_from_inode(ip, acl);
                          break;
                  }
                  /* FALLTHROUGH */
  
          case EOPNOTSUPP:
                  /*
                   * Just use the mode as-is.
                   */
                  ip->i_mode = dmode;
                  DIP_SET(ip, i_mode, dmode);
                  error = 0;
                  goto out;
          
          default:
                  goto out;
          }
  
          /*
           * XXX: If we abort now, will Soft Updates notify the extattr
           * code that the EAs for the file need to be released?
           */
          error = VOP_SETACL(tvp, ACL_TYPE_ACCESS, acl, cred, td);
          if (error == 0)
                  error = VOP_SETACL(tvp, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT, dacl, cred, td);
          switch (error) {
          case 0:
                  break;
  
          case EOPNOTSUPP:
                  /*
                   * XXX: This should not happen, as EOPNOTSUPP above
                   * was supposed to free acl.
                   */
                  printf("ufs_mkdir: VOP_GETACL() but no VOP_SETACL()\n");
                  /*
                  panic("ufs_mkdir: VOP_GETACL() but no VOP_SETACL()");
                   */
                  break;
  
          default:
                  goto out;
          }
  
  out:
          acl_free(acl);
          acl_free(dacl);
  
          return (error);
  }
  
  static int
  ufs_do_posix1e_acl_inheritance_file(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode *tvp,
      mode_t mode, struct ucred *cred, struct thread *td)
  {
          int error;
          struct inode *ip = VTOI(tvp);
          struct acl *acl;
  
          acl = acl_alloc(M_WAITOK);
  
          /*
           * Retrieve default ACL for parent, if any.
           */
          error = VOP_GETACL(dvp, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT, acl, cred, td);
          switch (error) {
          case 0:
                  /*
                   * Retrieved a default ACL, so merge mode and ACL if
                   * necessary.
                   */
                  if (acl->acl_cnt != 0) {
                          /*
                           * Two possible ways for default ACL to not
                           * be present.  First, the EA can be
                           * undefined, or second, the default ACL can
                           * be blank.  If it's blank, fall through to
                           * the it's not defined case.
                           */
                          mode = acl_posix1e_newfilemode(mode, acl);
                          ip->i_mode = mode;
                          DIP_SET(ip, i_mode, mode);
                          ufs_sync_acl_from_inode(ip, acl);
                          break;
                  }
                  /* FALLTHROUGH */
  
          case EOPNOTSUPP:
                  /*
                   * Just use the mode as-is.
                   */
                  ip->i_mode = mode;
                  DIP_SET(ip, i_mode, mode);
                  error = 0;
                  goto out;
  
          default:
                  goto out;
          }
  
          /*
           * XXX: If we abort now, will Soft Updates notify the extattr
           * code that the EAs for the file need to be released?
           */
          error = VOP_SETACL(tvp, ACL_TYPE_ACCESS, acl, cred, td);
          switch (error) {
          case 0:
                  break;
  
          case EOPNOTSUPP:
                  /*
                   * XXX: This should not happen, as EOPNOTSUPP above was
                   * supposed to free acl.
                   */
                  printf("ufs_makeinode: VOP_GETACL() but no "
                      "VOP_SETACL()\n");
                  /* panic("ufs_makeinode: VOP_GETACL() but no "
                      "VOP_SETACL()"); */
                  break;
  
          default:
                  goto out;
          }
  
  out:
          acl_free(acl);
  
          return (error);
  }
  
  static int
  ufs_do_nfs4_acl_inheritance(struct vnode *dvp, struct vnode *tvp,
      mode_t child_mode, struct ucred *cred, struct thread *td)
  {
          int error;
          struct acl *parent_aclp, *child_aclp;
  
          parent_aclp = acl_alloc(M_WAITOK);
          child_aclp = acl_alloc(M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
  
          error = ufs_getacl_nfs4_internal(dvp, parent_aclp, td);
          if (error)
                  goto out;
          acl_nfs4_compute_inherited_acl(parent_aclp, child_aclp,
              child_mode, VTOI(tvp)->i_uid, tvp->v_type == VDIR);
          error = ufs_setacl_nfs4_internal(tvp, child_aclp, td);
          if (error)
                  goto out;
  out:
          acl_free(parent_aclp);
          acl_free(child_aclp);
  
          return (error);
  }
  #endif
  
  /*
   * Mkdir system call
   */
  static int
  ufs_mkdir(ap)
          struct vop_mkdir_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_dvp;
                  struct vnode **a_vpp;
                  struct componentname *a_cnp;
                  struct vattr *a_vap;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          struct vnode *dvp = ap->a_dvp;
          struct vattr *vap = ap->a_vap;
          struct componentname *cnp = ap->a_cnp;
          struct inode *ip, *dp;
          struct vnode *tvp;
          struct buf *bp;
          struct dirtemplate dirtemplate, *dtp;
          struct direct newdir;
          int error, dmode;
          long blkoff;
  
  #ifdef INVARIANTS
          if ((cnp->cn_flags & HASBUF) == 0)
                  panic("ufs_mkdir: no name");
  #endif
          dp = VTOI(dvp);
          if ((nlink_t)dp->i_nlink >= LINK_MAX) {
                  error = EMLINK;
                  goto out;
          }
          dmode = vap->va_mode & 0777;
          dmode |= IFDIR;
          /*
           * Must simulate part of ufs_makeinode here to acquire the inode,
           * but not have it entered in the parent directory. The entry is
           * made later after writing "." and ".." entries.
           */
          error = UFS_VALLOC(dvp, dmode, cnp->cn_cred, &tvp);
          if (error)
                  goto out;
          ip = VTOI(tvp);
          ip->i_gid = dp->i_gid;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_gid, dp->i_gid);
  #ifdef SUIDDIR
          {
  #ifdef QUOTA
                  struct ucred ucred, *ucp;
                  gid_t ucred_group;
                  ucp = cnp->cn_cred;
  #endif
                  /*
                   * If we are hacking owners here, (only do this where told to)
                   * and we are not giving it TO root, (would subvert quotas)
                   * then go ahead and give it to the other user.
                   * The new directory also inherits the SUID bit.
                   * If user's UID and dir UID are the same,
                   * 'give it away' so that the SUID is still forced on.
                   */
                  if ((dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_SUIDDIR) &&
                      (dp->i_mode & ISUID) && dp->i_uid) {
                          dmode |= ISUID;
                          ip->i_uid = dp->i_uid;
                          DIP_SET(ip, i_uid, dp->i_uid);
  #ifdef QUOTA
                          if (dp->i_uid != cnp->cn_cred->cr_uid) {
                                  /*
                                   * Make sure the correct user gets charged
                                   * for the space.
                                   * Make a dummy credential for the victim.
                                   * XXX This seems to never be accessed out of
                                   * our context so a stack variable is ok.
                                   */
                                  refcount_init(&ucred.cr_ref, 1);
                                  ucred.cr_uid = ip->i_uid;
                                  ucred.cr_ngroups = 1;
                                  ucred.cr_groups = &ucred_group;
                                  ucred.cr_groups[0] = dp->i_gid;
                                  ucp = &ucred;
                          }
  #endif
                  } else {
                          ip->i_uid = cnp->cn_cred->cr_uid;
                          DIP_SET(ip, i_uid, ip->i_uid);
                  }
  #ifdef QUOTA
                  if ((error = getinoquota(ip)) ||
                      (error = chkiq(ip, 1, ucp, 0))) {
                          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp))
                                  softdep_revert_link(dp, ip);
                          UFS_VFREE(tvp, ip->i_number, dmode);
                          vput(tvp);
                          return (error);
                  }
  #endif
          }
  #else   /* !SUIDDIR */
          ip->i_uid = cnp->cn_cred->cr_uid;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_uid, ip->i_uid);
  #ifdef QUOTA
          if ((error = getinoquota(ip)) ||
              (error = chkiq(ip, 1, cnp->cn_cred, 0))) {
                  if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp))
                          softdep_revert_link(dp, ip);
                  UFS_VFREE(tvp, ip->i_number, dmode);
                  vput(tvp);
                  return (error);
          }
  #endif
  #endif  /* !SUIDDIR */
          ip->i_flag |= IN_ACCESS | IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE;
          ip->i_mode = dmode;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_mode, dmode);
          tvp->v_type = VDIR;     /* Rest init'd in getnewvnode(). */
          ip->i_effnlink = 2;
          ip->i_nlink = 2;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_nlink, 2);
  
          if (cnp->cn_flags & ISWHITEOUT) {
                  ip->i_flags |= UF_OPAQUE;
                  DIP_SET(ip, i_flags, ip->i_flags);
          }
  
          /*
           * Bump link count in parent directory to reflect work done below.
           * Should be done before reference is created so cleanup is
           * possible if we crash.
           */
          dp->i_effnlink++;
          dp->i_nlink++;
          DIP_SET(dp, i_nlink, dp->i_nlink);
          dp->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(dvp))
                  softdep_setup_mkdir(dp, ip);
          error = UFS_UPDATE(dvp, !(DOINGSOFTDEP(dvp) | DOINGASYNC(dvp)));
          if (error)
                  goto bad;
  #ifdef MAC
          if (dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_MULTILABEL) {
                  error = mac_vnode_create_extattr(cnp->cn_cred, dvp->v_mount,
                      dvp, tvp, cnp);
                  if (error)
                          goto bad;
          }
  #endif
  #ifdef UFS_ACL
          if (dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_ACLS) {
                  error = ufs_do_posix1e_acl_inheritance_dir(dvp, tvp, dmode,
                      cnp->cn_cred, cnp->cn_thread);
                  if (error)
                          goto bad;
          } else if (dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NFS4ACLS) {
                  error = ufs_do_nfs4_acl_inheritance(dvp, tvp, dmode,
                      cnp->cn_cred, cnp->cn_thread);
                  if (error)
                          goto bad;
          }
  #endif /* !UFS_ACL */
  
          /*
           * Initialize directory with "." and ".." from static template.
           */
          if (dvp->v_mount->mnt_maxsymlinklen > 0)
                  dtp = &mastertemplate;
          else
                  dtp = (struct dirtemplate *)&omastertemplate;
          dirtemplate = *dtp;
          dirtemplate.dot_ino = ip->i_number;
          dirtemplate.dotdot_ino = dp->i_number;
          if ((error = UFS_BALLOC(tvp, (off_t)0, DIRBLKSIZ, cnp->cn_cred,
              BA_CLRBUF, &bp)) != 0)
                  goto bad;
          ip->i_size = DIRBLKSIZ;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_size, DIRBLKSIZ);
          ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE;
          vnode_pager_setsize(tvp, (u_long)ip->i_size);
          bcopy((caddr_t)&dirtemplate, (caddr_t)bp->b_data, sizeof dirtemplate);
          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp)) {
                  /*
                   * Ensure that the entire newly allocated block is a
                   * valid directory so that future growth within the
                   * block does not have to ensure that the block is
                   * written before the inode.
                   */
                  blkoff = DIRBLKSIZ;
                  while (blkoff < bp->b_bcount) {
                          ((struct direct *)
                             (bp->b_data + blkoff))->d_reclen = DIRBLKSIZ;
                          blkoff += DIRBLKSIZ;
                  }
          }
          if ((error = UFS_UPDATE(tvp, !(DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp) |
                                         DOINGASYNC(tvp)))) != 0) {
                  (void)bwrite(bp);
                  goto bad;
          }
          /*
           * Directory set up, now install its entry in the parent directory.
           *
           * If we are not doing soft dependencies, then we must write out the
           * buffer containing the new directory body before entering the new 
           * name in the parent. If we are doing soft dependencies, then the
           * buffer containing the new directory body will be passed to and
           * released in the soft dependency code after the code has attached
           * an appropriate ordering dependency to the buffer which ensures that
           * the buffer is written before the new name is written in the parent.
           */
          if (DOINGASYNC(dvp))
                  bdwrite(bp);
          else if (!DOINGSOFTDEP(dvp) && ((error = bwrite(bp))))
                  goto bad;
          ufs_makedirentry(ip, cnp, &newdir);
          error = ufs_direnter(dvp, tvp, &newdir, cnp, bp, 0);
          
  bad:
          if (error == 0) {
                  *ap->a_vpp = tvp;
          } else {
                  dp->i_effnlink--;
                  dp->i_nlink--;
                  DIP_SET(dp, i_nlink, dp->i_nlink);
                  dp->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
                  /*
                   * No need to do an explicit VOP_TRUNCATE here, vrele will
                   * do this for us because we set the link count to 0.
                   */
                  ip->i_effnlink = 0;
                  ip->i_nlink = 0;
                  DIP_SET(ip, i_nlink, 0);
                  ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
                  if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp))
                          softdep_revert_mkdir(dp, ip);
  
                  vput(tvp);
          }
  out:
          return (error);
  }
  
  /*
   * Rmdir system call.
   */
  static int
  ufs_rmdir(ap)
          struct vop_rmdir_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_dvp;
                  struct vnode *a_vp;
                  struct componentname *a_cnp;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
          struct vnode *dvp = ap->a_dvp;
          struct componentname *cnp = ap->a_cnp;
          struct inode *ip, *dp;
          int error;
  
          ip = VTOI(vp);
          dp = VTOI(dvp);
  
          /*
           * Do not remove a directory that is in the process of being renamed.
           * Verify the directory is empty (and valid). Rmdir ".." will not be
           * valid since ".." will contain a reference to the current directory
           * and thus be non-empty. Do not allow the removal of mounted on
           * directories (this can happen when an NFS exported filesystem
           * tries to remove a locally mounted on directory).
           */
          error = 0;
          if (ip->i_effnlink < 2) {
                  error = EINVAL;
                  goto out;
          }
          if (dp->i_effnlink < 3)
                  panic("ufs_dirrem: Bad link count %d on parent",
                      dp->i_effnlink);
          if (!ufs_dirempty(ip, dp->i_number, cnp->cn_cred)) {
                  error = ENOTEMPTY;
                  goto out;
          }
          if ((dp->i_flags & APPEND)
              || (ip->i_flags & (NOUNLINK | IMMUTABLE | APPEND))) {
                  error = EPERM;
                  goto out;
          }
          if (vp->v_mountedhere != 0) {
                  error = EINVAL;
                  goto out;
          }
  #ifdef UFS_GJOURNAL
          ufs_gjournal_orphan(vp);
  #endif
          /*
           * Delete reference to directory before purging
           * inode.  If we crash in between, the directory
           * will be reattached to lost+found,
           */
          dp->i_effnlink--;
          ip->i_effnlink--;
          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(vp))
                  softdep_setup_rmdir(dp, ip);
          error = ufs_dirremove(dvp, ip, cnp->cn_flags, 1);
          if (error) {
                  dp->i_effnlink++;
                  ip->i_effnlink++;
                  if (DOINGSOFTDEP(vp))
                          softdep_revert_rmdir(dp, ip);
                  goto out;
          }
          cache_purge(dvp);
          /*
           * The only stuff left in the directory is "." and "..". The "."
           * reference is inconsequential since we are quashing it. The soft
           * dependency code will arrange to do these operations after
           * the parent directory entry has been deleted on disk, so
           * when running with that code we avoid doing them now.
           */
          if (!DOINGSOFTDEP(vp)) {
                  dp->i_nlink--;
                  DIP_SET(dp, i_nlink, dp->i_nlink);
                  dp->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
                  error = UFS_UPDATE(dvp, 0);
                  ip->i_nlink--;
                  DIP_SET(ip, i_nlink, ip->i_nlink);
                  ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
          }
          cache_purge(vp);
  #ifdef UFS_DIRHASH
          /* Kill any active hash; i_effnlink == 0, so it will not come back. */
          if (ip->i_dirhash != NULL)
                  ufsdirhash_free(ip);
  #endif
  out:
          return (error);
  }
  
  /*
   * symlink -- make a symbolic link
   */
  static int
  ufs_symlink(ap)
          struct vop_symlink_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_dvp;
                  struct vnode **a_vpp;
                  struct componentname *a_cnp;
                  struct vattr *a_vap;
                  char *a_target;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          struct vnode *vp, **vpp = ap->a_vpp;
          struct inode *ip;
          int len, error;
  
          error = ufs_makeinode(IFLNK | ap->a_vap->va_mode, ap->a_dvp,
              vpp, ap->a_cnp);
          if (error)
                  return (error);
          vp = *vpp;
          len = strlen(ap->a_target);
          if (len < vp->v_mount->mnt_maxsymlinklen) {
                  ip = VTOI(vp);
                  bcopy(ap->a_target, SHORTLINK(ip), len);
                  ip->i_size = len;
                  DIP_SET(ip, i_size, len);
                  ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE;
                  error = UFS_UPDATE(vp, 0);
          } else
                  error = vn_rdwr(UIO_WRITE, vp, ap->a_target, len, (off_t)0,
                      UIO_SYSSPACE, IO_NODELOCKED | IO_NOMACCHECK,
                      ap->a_cnp->cn_cred, NOCRED, NULL, NULL);
          if (error)
                  vput(vp);
          return (error);
  }
  
  /*
   * Vnode op for reading directories.
   *
   * The routine below assumes that the on-disk format of a directory
   * is the same as that defined by <sys/dirent.h>. If the on-disk
   * format changes, then it will be necessary to do a conversion
   * from the on-disk format that read returns to the format defined
   * by <sys/dirent.h>.
   */
  int
  ufs_readdir(ap)
          struct vop_readdir_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_vp;
                  struct uio *a_uio;
                  struct ucred *a_cred;
                  int *a_eofflag;
                  int *a_ncookies;
                  u_long **a_cookies;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          struct uio *uio = ap->a_uio;
          struct inode *ip;
          int error;
          size_t count, lost;
          off_t off;
  
          if (ap->a_ncookies != NULL)
                  /*
                   * Ensure that the block is aligned.  The caller can use
                   * the cookies to determine where in the block to start.
                   */
                  uio->uio_offset &= ~(DIRBLKSIZ - 1);
          ip = VTOI(ap->a_vp);
          if (ip->i_effnlink == 0)
                  return (0);
          off = uio->uio_offset;
          count = uio->uio_resid;
          /* Make sure we don't return partial entries. */
          if (count <= ((uio->uio_offset + count) & (DIRBLKSIZ -1)))
                  return (EINVAL);
          count -= (uio->uio_offset + count) & (DIRBLKSIZ -1);
          lost = uio->uio_resid - count;
          uio->uio_resid = count;
          uio->uio_iov->iov_len = count;
  #       if (BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN)
                  if (ap->a_vp->v_mount->mnt_maxsymlinklen > 0) {
                          error = VOP_READ(ap->a_vp, uio, 0, ap->a_cred);
                  } else {
                          struct dirent *dp, *edp;
                          struct uio auio;
                          struct iovec aiov;
                          caddr_t dirbuf;
                          int readcnt;
                          u_char tmp;
  
                          auio = *uio;
                          auio.uio_iov = &aiov;
                          auio.uio_iovcnt = 1;
                          auio.uio_segflg = UIO_SYSSPACE;
                          aiov.iov_len = count;
                          dirbuf = malloc(count, M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
                          aiov.iov_base = dirbuf;
                          error = VOP_READ(ap->a_vp, &auio, 0, ap->a_cred);
                          if (error == 0) {
                                  readcnt = count - auio.uio_resid;
                                  edp = (struct dirent *)&dirbuf[readcnt];
                                  for (dp = (struct dirent *)dirbuf; dp < edp; ) {
                                          tmp = dp->d_namlen;
                                          dp->d_namlen = dp->d_type;
                                          dp->d_type = tmp;
                                          if (dp->d_reclen > 0) {
                                                  dp = (struct dirent *)
                                                      ((char *)dp + dp->d_reclen);
                                          } else {
                                                  error = EIO;
                                                  break;
                                          }
                                  }
                                  if (dp >= edp)
                                          error = uiomove(dirbuf, readcnt, uio);
                          }
                          free(dirbuf, M_TEMP);
                  }
  #       else
                  error = VOP_READ(ap->a_vp, uio, 0, ap->a_cred);
  #       endif
          if (!error && ap->a_ncookies != NULL) {
                  struct dirent* dpStart;
                  struct dirent* dpEnd;
                  struct dirent* dp;
                  int ncookies;
                  u_long *cookies;
                  u_long *cookiep;
  
                  if (uio->uio_segflg != UIO_SYSSPACE || uio->uio_iovcnt != 1)
                          panic("ufs_readdir: unexpected uio from NFS server");
                  dpStart = (struct dirent *)
                      ((char *)uio->uio_iov->iov_base - (uio->uio_offset - off));
                  dpEnd = (struct dirent *) uio->uio_iov->iov_base;
                  for (dp = dpStart, ncookies = 0;
                       dp < dpEnd;
                       dp = (struct dirent *)((caddr_t) dp + dp->d_reclen))
                          ncookies++;
                  cookies = malloc(ncookies * sizeof(u_long), M_TEMP,
                      M_WAITOK);
                  for (dp = dpStart, cookiep = cookies;
                       dp < dpEnd;
                       dp = (struct dirent *)((caddr_t) dp + dp->d_reclen)) {
                          off += dp->d_reclen;
                          *cookiep++ = (u_long) off;
                  }
                  *ap->a_ncookies = ncookies;
                  *ap->a_cookies = cookies;
          }
          uio->uio_resid += lost;
          if (ap->a_eofflag)
              *ap->a_eofflag = VTOI(ap->a_vp)->i_size <= uio->uio_offset;
          return (error);
  }
  
  /*
   * Return target name of a symbolic link
   */
  static int
  ufs_readlink(ap)
          struct vop_readlink_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_vp;
                  struct uio *a_uio;
                  struct ucred *a_cred;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
          struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);
          doff_t isize;
  
          isize = ip->i_size;
          if ((isize < vp->v_mount->mnt_maxsymlinklen) ||
              DIP(ip, i_blocks) == 0) { /* XXX - for old fastlink support */
                  return (uiomove(SHORTLINK(ip), isize, ap->a_uio));
          }
          return (VOP_READ(vp, ap->a_uio, 0, ap->a_cred));
  }
  
  /*
   * Calculate the logical to physical mapping if not done already,
   * then call the device strategy routine.
   *
   * In order to be able to swap to a file, the ufs_bmaparray() operation may not
   * deadlock on memory.  See ufs_bmap() for details.
   */
  static int
  ufs_strategy(ap)
          struct vop_strategy_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_vp;
                  struct buf *a_bp;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          struct buf *bp = ap->a_bp;
          struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
          struct bufobj *bo;
          struct inode *ip;
          ufs2_daddr_t blkno;
          int error;
  
          ip = VTOI(vp);
          if (bp->b_blkno == bp->b_lblkno) {
                  error = ufs_bmaparray(vp, bp->b_lblkno, &blkno, bp, NULL, NULL);
                  bp->b_blkno = blkno;
                  if (error) {
                          bp->b_error = error;
                          bp->b_ioflags |= BIO_ERROR;
                          bufdone(bp);
                          return (0);
                  }
                  if ((long)bp->b_blkno == -1)
                          vfs_bio_clrbuf(bp);
          }
          if ((long)bp->b_blkno == -1) {
                  bufdone(bp);
                  return (0);
          }
          bp->b_iooffset = dbtob(bp->b_blkno);
          bo = ip->i_umbufobj;
          BO_STRATEGY(bo, bp);
          return (0);
  }
  
  /*
   * Print out the contents of an inode.
   */
  static int
  ufs_print(ap)
          struct vop_print_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_vp;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
          struct inode *ip = VTOI(vp);
  
          printf("\tino %lu, on dev %s", (u_long)ip->i_number,
              devtoname(ip->i_dev));
          if (vp->v_type == VFIFO)
                  fifo_printinfo(vp);
          printf("\n");
          return (0);
  }
  
  /*
   * Close wrapper for fifos.
   *
   * Update the times on the inode then do device close.
   */
  static int
  ufsfifo_close(ap)
          struct vop_close_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_vp;
                  int  a_fflag;
                  struct ucred *a_cred;
                  struct thread *a_td;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
          int usecount;
  
          VI_LOCK(vp);
          usecount = vp->v_usecount;
          if (usecount > 1)
                  ufs_itimes_locked(vp);
          VI_UNLOCK(vp);
          return (fifo_specops.vop_close(ap));
  }
  
  /*
   * Kqfilter wrapper for fifos.
   *
   * Fall through to ufs kqfilter routines if needed 
   */
  static int
  ufsfifo_kqfilter(ap)
          struct vop_kqfilter_args *ap;
  {
          int error;
  
          error = fifo_specops.vop_kqfilter(ap);
          if (error)
                  error = vfs_kqfilter(ap);
          return (error);
  }
  
  /*
   * Return POSIX pathconf information applicable to fifos.
   */
  static int
  ufsfifo_pathconf(ap)
          struct vop_pathconf_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_vp;
                  int a_name;
                  int *a_retval;
          } */ *ap;
  {
  
          switch (ap->a_name) {
          case _PC_ACL_EXTENDED:
          case _PC_ACL_NFS4:
          case _PC_ACL_PATH_MAX:
          case _PC_MAC_PRESENT:
                  return (ufs_pathconf(ap));
          default:
                  return (fifo_specops.vop_pathconf(ap));
          }
          /* NOTREACHED */
  }
  
  /*
   * Return POSIX pathconf information applicable to ufs filesystems.
   */
  static int
  ufs_pathconf(ap)
          struct vop_pathconf_args /* {
                  struct vnode *a_vp;
                  int a_name;
                  int *a_retval;
          } */ *ap;
  {
          int error;
  
          error = 0;
          switch (ap->a_name) {
          case _PC_LINK_MAX:
                  *ap->a_retval = LINK_MAX;
                  break;
          case _PC_NAME_MAX:
                  *ap->a_retval = NAME_MAX;
                  break;
          case _PC_PATH_MAX:
                  *ap->a_retval = PATH_MAX;
                  break;
          case _PC_PIPE_BUF:
                  *ap->a_retval = PIPE_BUF;
                  break;
          case _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED:
                  *ap->a_retval = 1;
                  break;
          case _PC_NO_TRUNC:
                  *ap->a_retval = 1;
                  break;
          case _PC_ACL_EXTENDED:
  #ifdef UFS_ACL
                  if (ap->a_vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_ACLS)
                          *ap->a_retval = 1;
                  else
                          *ap->a_retval = 0;
  #else
                  *ap->a_retval = 0;
  #endif
                  break;
  
          case _PC_ACL_NFS4:
  #ifdef UFS_ACL
                  if (ap->a_vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NFS4ACLS)
                          *ap->a_retval = 1;
                  else
                          *ap->a_retval = 0;
  #else
                  *ap->a_retval = 0;
  #endif
                  break;
  
          case _PC_ACL_PATH_MAX:
  #ifdef UFS_ACL
                  if (ap->a_vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & (MNT_ACLS | MNT_NFS4ACLS))
                          *ap->a_retval = ACL_MAX_ENTRIES;
                  else
                          *ap->a_retval = 3;
  #else
                  *ap->a_retval = 3;
  #endif
                  break;
          case _PC_MAC_PRESENT:
  #ifdef MAC
                  if (ap->a_vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_MULTILABEL)
                          *ap->a_retval = 1;
                  else
                          *ap->a_retval = 0;
  #else
                  *ap->a_retval = 0;
  #endif
                  break;
          case _PC_MIN_HOLE_SIZE:
                  *ap->a_retval = ap->a_vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
                  break;
          case _PC_ASYNC_IO:
                  /* _PC_ASYNC_IO should have been handled by upper layers. */
                  KASSERT(0, ("_PC_ASYNC_IO should not get here"));
                  error = EINVAL;
                  break;
          case _PC_PRIO_IO:
                  *ap->a_retval = 0;
                  break;
          case _PC_SYNC_IO:
                  *ap->a_retval = 0;
                  break;
          case _PC_ALLOC_SIZE_MIN:
                  *ap->a_retval = ap->a_vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_bsize;
                  break;
          case _PC_FILESIZEBITS:
                  *ap->a_retval = 64;
                  break;
          case _PC_REC_INCR_XFER_SIZE:
                  *ap->a_retval = ap->a_vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
                  break;
          case _PC_REC_MAX_XFER_SIZE:
                  *ap->a_retval = -1; /* means ``unlimited'' */
                  break;
          case _PC_REC_MIN_XFER_SIZE:
                  *ap->a_retval = ap->a_vp->v_mount->mnt_stat.f_iosize;
                  break;
          case _PC_REC_XFER_ALIGN:
                  *ap->a_retval = PAGE_SIZE;
                  break;
          case _PC_SYMLINK_MAX:
                  *ap->a_retval = MAXPATHLEN;
                  break;
  
          default:
                  error = EINVAL;
                  break;
          }
          return (error);
  }
  
  /*
   * Initialize the vnode associated with a new inode, handle aliased
   * vnodes.
   */
  int
  ufs_vinit(mntp, fifoops, vpp)
          struct mount *mntp;
          struct vop_vector *fifoops;
          struct vnode **vpp;
  {
          struct inode *ip;
          struct vnode *vp;
  
          vp = *vpp;
          ip = VTOI(vp);
          vp->v_type = IFTOVT(ip->i_mode);
          if (vp->v_type == VFIFO)
                  vp->v_op = fifoops;
          ASSERT_VOP_LOCKED(vp, "ufs_vinit");
          if (ip->i_number == ROOTINO)
                  vp->v_vflag |= VV_ROOT;
          *vpp = vp;
          return (0);
  }
  
  /*
   * Allocate a new inode.
   * Vnode dvp must be locked.
   */
  static int
  ufs_makeinode(mode, dvp, vpp, cnp)
          int mode;
          struct vnode *dvp;
          struct vnode **vpp;
          struct componentname *cnp;
  {
          struct inode *ip, *pdir;
          struct direct newdir;
          struct vnode *tvp;
          int error;
  
          pdir = VTOI(dvp);
  #ifdef INVARIANTS
          if ((cnp->cn_flags & HASBUF) == 0)
                  panic("ufs_makeinode: no name");
  #endif
          *vpp = NULL;
          if ((mode & IFMT) == 0)
                  mode |= IFREG;
  
          if (VTOI(dvp)->i_effnlink < 2)
                  panic("ufs_makeinode: Bad link count %d on parent",
                      VTOI(dvp)->i_effnlink);
          error = UFS_VALLOC(dvp, mode, cnp->cn_cred, &tvp);
          if (error)
                  return (error);
          ip = VTOI(tvp);
          ip->i_gid = pdir->i_gid;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_gid, pdir->i_gid);
  #ifdef SUIDDIR
          {
  #ifdef QUOTA
                  struct ucred ucred, *ucp;
                  gid_t ucred_group;
                  ucp = cnp->cn_cred;
  #endif
                  /*
                   * If we are not the owner of the directory,
                   * and we are hacking owners here, (only do this where told to)
                   * and we are not giving it TO root, (would subvert quotas)
                   * then go ahead and give it to the other user.
                   * Note that this drops off the execute bits for security.
                   */
                  if ((dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_SUIDDIR) &&
                      (pdir->i_mode & ISUID) &&
                      (pdir->i_uid != cnp->cn_cred->cr_uid) && pdir->i_uid) {
                          ip->i_uid = pdir->i_uid;
                          DIP_SET(ip, i_uid, ip->i_uid);
                          mode &= ~07111;
  #ifdef QUOTA
                          /*
                           * Make sure the correct user gets charged
                           * for the space.
                           * Quickly knock up a dummy credential for the victim.
                           * XXX This seems to never be accessed out of our
                           * context so a stack variable is ok.
                           */
                          refcount_init(&ucred.cr_ref, 1);
                          ucred.cr_uid = ip->i_uid;
                          ucred.cr_ngroups = 1;
                          ucred.cr_groups = &ucred_group;
                          ucred.cr_groups[0] = pdir->i_gid;
                          ucp = &ucred;
  #endif
                  } else {
                          ip->i_uid = cnp->cn_cred->cr_uid;
                          DIP_SET(ip, i_uid, ip->i_uid);
                  }
  
  #ifdef QUOTA
                  if ((error = getinoquota(ip)) ||
                      (error = chkiq(ip, 1, ucp, 0))) {
                          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp))
                                  softdep_revert_link(pdir, ip);
                          UFS_VFREE(tvp, ip->i_number, mode);
                          vput(tvp);
                          return (error);
                  }
  #endif
          }
  #else   /* !SUIDDIR */
          ip->i_uid = cnp->cn_cred->cr_uid;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_uid, ip->i_uid);
  #ifdef QUOTA
          if ((error = getinoquota(ip)) ||
              (error = chkiq(ip, 1, cnp->cn_cred, 0))) {
                  if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp))
                          softdep_revert_link(pdir, ip);
                  UFS_VFREE(tvp, ip->i_number, mode);
                  vput(tvp);
                  return (error);
          }
  #endif
  #endif  /* !SUIDDIR */
          ip->i_flag |= IN_ACCESS | IN_CHANGE | IN_UPDATE;
          ip->i_mode = mode;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_mode, mode);
          tvp->v_type = IFTOVT(mode);     /* Rest init'd in getnewvnode(). */
          ip->i_effnlink = 1;
          ip->i_nlink = 1;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_nlink, 1);
          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp))
                  softdep_setup_create(VTOI(dvp), ip);
          if ((ip->i_mode & ISGID) && !groupmember(ip->i_gid, cnp->cn_cred) &&
              priv_check_cred(cnp->cn_cred, PRIV_VFS_SETGID, 0)) {
                  ip->i_mode &= ~ISGID;
                  DIP_SET(ip, i_mode, ip->i_mode);
          }
  
          if (cnp->cn_flags & ISWHITEOUT) {
                  ip->i_flags |= UF_OPAQUE;
                  DIP_SET(ip, i_flags, ip->i_flags);
          }
  
          /*
           * Make sure inode goes to disk before directory entry.
           */
          error = UFS_UPDATE(tvp, !(DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp) | DOINGASYNC(tvp)));
          if (error)
                  goto bad;
  #ifdef MAC
          if (dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_MULTILABEL) {
                  error = mac_vnode_create_extattr(cnp->cn_cred, dvp->v_mount,
                      dvp, tvp, cnp);
                  if (error)
                          goto bad;
          }
  #endif
  #ifdef UFS_ACL
          if (dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_ACLS) {
                  error = ufs_do_posix1e_acl_inheritance_file(dvp, tvp, mode,
                      cnp->cn_cred, cnp->cn_thread);
                  if (error)
                          goto bad;
          } else if (dvp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NFS4ACLS) {
                  error = ufs_do_nfs4_acl_inheritance(dvp, tvp, mode,
                      cnp->cn_cred, cnp->cn_thread);
                  if (error)
                          goto bad;
          }
  #endif /* !UFS_ACL */
          ufs_makedirentry(ip, cnp, &newdir);
          error = ufs_direnter(dvp, tvp, &newdir, cnp, NULL, 0);
          if (error)
                  goto bad;
          *vpp = tvp;
          return (0);
  
  bad:
          /*
           * Write error occurred trying to update the inode
           * or the directory so must deallocate the inode.
           */
          ip->i_effnlink = 0;
          ip->i_nlink = 0;
          DIP_SET(ip, i_nlink, 0);
          ip->i_flag |= IN_CHANGE;
          if (DOINGSOFTDEP(tvp))
                  softdep_revert_create(VTOI(dvp), ip);
          vput(tvp);
          return (error);
  }
  
  static int
  ufs_ioctl(struct vop_ioctl_args *ap)
  {
  
          switch (ap->a_command) {
          case FIOSEEKDATA:
          case FIOSEEKHOLE:
                  return (vn_bmap_seekhole(ap->a_vp, ap->a_command,
                      (off_t *)ap->a_data, ap->a_cred));
          default:
                  return (ENOTTY);
          }
  }
  
  /* Global vfs data structures for ufs. */
  struct vop_vector ufs_vnodeops = {
          .vop_default =          &default_vnodeops,
          .vop_fsync =            VOP_PANIC,
          .vop_read =             VOP_PANIC,
          .vop_reallocblks =      VOP_PANIC,
          .vop_write =            VOP_PANIC,
          .vop_accessx =          ufs_accessx,
          .vop_bmap =             ufs_bmap,
          .vop_cachedlookup =     ufs_lookup,
          .vop_close =            ufs_close,
          .vop_create =           ufs_create,
          .vop_getattr =          ufs_getattr,
          .vop_inactive =         ufs_inactive,
          .vop_ioctl =            ufs_ioctl,
          .vop_link =             ufs_link,
          .vop_lookup =           vfs_cache_lookup,
          .vop_markatime =        ufs_markatime,
          .vop_mkdir =            ufs_mkdir,
          .vop_mknod =            ufs_mknod,
          .vop_open =             ufs_open,
          .vop_pathconf =         ufs_pathconf,
          .vop_poll =             vop_stdpoll,
          .vop_print =            ufs_print,
          .vop_readdir =          ufs_readdir,
          .vop_readlink =         ufs_readlink,
          .vop_reclaim =          ufs_reclaim,
          .vop_remove =           ufs_remove,
          .vop_rename =           ufs_rename,
          .vop_rmdir =            ufs_rmdir,
          .vop_setattr =          ufs_setattr,
  #ifdef MAC
          .vop_setlabel =         vop_stdsetlabel_ea,
  #endif
          .vop_strategy =         ufs_strategy,
          .vop_symlink =          ufs_symlink,
          .vop_whiteout =         ufs_whiteout,
  #ifdef UFS_EXTATTR
          .vop_getextattr =       ufs_getextattr,
          .vop_deleteextattr =    ufs_deleteextattr,
          .vop_setextattr =       ufs_setextattr,
  #endif
  #ifdef UFS_ACL
          .vop_getacl =           ufs_getacl,
          .vop_setacl =           ufs_setacl,
          .vop_aclcheck =         ufs_aclcheck,
  #endif
  };
  
  struct vop_vector ufs_fifoops = {
          .vop_default =          &fifo_specops,
          .vop_fsync =            VOP_PANIC,
          .vop_accessx =          ufs_accessx,
          .vop_close =            ufsfifo_close,
          .vop_getattr =          ufs_getattr,
          .vop_inactive =         ufs_inactive,
          .vop_kqfilter =         ufsfifo_kqfilter,
          .vop_markatime =        ufs_markatime,
          .vop_pathconf =         ufsfifo_pathconf,
          .vop_print =            ufs_print,
          .vop_read =             VOP_PANIC,
          .vop_reclaim =          ufs_reclaim,
          .vop_setattr =          ufs_setattr,
  #ifdef MAC
          .vop_setlabel =         vop_stdsetlabel_ea,
  #endif
          .vop_write =            VOP_PANIC,
  #ifdef UFS_EXTATTR
          .vop_getextattr =       ufs_getextattr,
          .vop_deleteextattr =    ufs_deleteextattr,
          .vop_setextattr =       ufs_setextattr,
  #endif
  #ifdef UFS_ACL
          .vop_getacl =           ufs_getacl,
          .vop_setacl =           ufs_setacl,
          .vop_aclcheck =         ufs_aclcheck,
  #endif
  };

Cache object: 01b04fc6eeb8c3660754bf489bdf84af