The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/vm/vm_fault.c

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
    3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
    4  * Copyright (c) 1994 John S. Dyson
    5  * All rights reserved.
    6  * Copyright (c) 1994 David Greenman
    7  * All rights reserved.
    8  *
    9  *
   10  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
   11  * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
   12  *
   13  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   14  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   15  * are met:
   16  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   18  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   19  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   20  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   21  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
   22  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
   23  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
   24  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
   25  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   26  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   27  *    without specific prior written permission.
   28  *
   29  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   30  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   31  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   32  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   33  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   34  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   35  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   36  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   37  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   38  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   39  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   40  *
   41  *      from: @(#)vm_fault.c    8.4 (Berkeley) 1/12/94
   42  *
   43  *
   44  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 Carnegie-Mellon University.
   45  * All rights reserved.
   46  *
   47  * Authors: Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young
   48  *
   49  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
   50  * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
   51  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
   52  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
   53  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
   54  *
   55  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
   56  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
   57  * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
   58  *
   59  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
   60  *
   61  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
   62  *  School of Computer Science
   63  *  Carnegie Mellon University
   64  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
   65  *
   66  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
   67  * rights to redistribute these changes.
   68  */
   69 
   70 /*
   71  *      Page fault handling module.
   72  */
   73 
   74 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
   75 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD: releng/8.3/sys/vm/vm_fault.c 219066 2011-02-26 21:27:41Z alc $");
   76 
   77 #include "opt_vm.h"
   78 
   79 #include <sys/param.h>
   80 #include <sys/systm.h>
   81 #include <sys/kernel.h>
   82 #include <sys/lock.h>
   83 #include <sys/mutex.h>
   84 #include <sys/proc.h>
   85 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
   86 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
   87 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
   88 #include <sys/vnode.h>
   89 
   90 #include <vm/vm.h>
   91 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
   92 #include <vm/pmap.h>
   93 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
   94 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
   95 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
   96 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
   97 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
   98 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
   99 #include <vm/vnode_pager.h>
  100 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
  101 
  102 #include <sys/mount.h>  /* XXX Temporary for VFS_LOCK_GIANT() */
  103 
  104 #define PFBAK 4
  105 #define PFFOR 4
  106 #define PAGEORDER_SIZE (PFBAK+PFFOR)
  107 
  108 static int prefault_pageorder[] = {
  109         -1 * PAGE_SIZE, 1 * PAGE_SIZE,
  110         -2 * PAGE_SIZE, 2 * PAGE_SIZE,
  111         -3 * PAGE_SIZE, 3 * PAGE_SIZE,
  112         -4 * PAGE_SIZE, 4 * PAGE_SIZE
  113 };
  114 
  115 static int vm_fault_additional_pages(vm_page_t, int, int, vm_page_t *, int *);
  116 static void vm_fault_prefault(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, vm_map_entry_t);
  117 
  118 #define VM_FAULT_READ_AHEAD 8
  119 #define VM_FAULT_READ_BEHIND 7
  120 #define VM_FAULT_READ (VM_FAULT_READ_AHEAD+VM_FAULT_READ_BEHIND+1)
  121 
  122 struct faultstate {
  123         vm_page_t m;
  124         vm_object_t object;
  125         vm_pindex_t pindex;
  126         vm_page_t first_m;
  127         vm_object_t     first_object;
  128         vm_pindex_t first_pindex;
  129         vm_map_t map;
  130         vm_map_entry_t entry;
  131         int lookup_still_valid;
  132         struct vnode *vp;
  133         int vfslocked;
  134 };
  135 
  136 static inline void
  137 release_page(struct faultstate *fs)
  138 {
  139 
  140         vm_page_wakeup(fs->m);
  141         vm_page_lock_queues();
  142         vm_page_deactivate(fs->m);
  143         vm_page_unlock_queues();
  144         fs->m = NULL;
  145 }
  146 
  147 static inline void
  148 unlock_map(struct faultstate *fs)
  149 {
  150 
  151         if (fs->lookup_still_valid) {
  152                 vm_map_lookup_done(fs->map, fs->entry);
  153                 fs->lookup_still_valid = FALSE;
  154         }
  155 }
  156 
  157 static void
  158 unlock_and_deallocate(struct faultstate *fs)
  159 {
  160 
  161         vm_object_pip_wakeup(fs->object);
  162         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs->object);
  163         if (fs->object != fs->first_object) {
  164                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(fs->first_object);
  165                 vm_page_lock_queues();
  166                 vm_page_free(fs->first_m);
  167                 vm_page_unlock_queues();
  168                 vm_object_pip_wakeup(fs->first_object);
  169                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs->first_object);
  170                 fs->first_m = NULL;
  171         }
  172         vm_object_deallocate(fs->first_object);
  173         unlock_map(fs); 
  174         if (fs->vp != NULL) { 
  175                 vput(fs->vp);
  176                 fs->vp = NULL;
  177         }
  178         VFS_UNLOCK_GIANT(fs->vfslocked);
  179         fs->vfslocked = 0;
  180 }
  181 
  182 /*
  183  * TRYPAGER - used by vm_fault to calculate whether the pager for the
  184  *            current object *might* contain the page.
  185  *
  186  *            default objects are zero-fill, there is no real pager.
  187  */
  188 #define TRYPAGER        (fs.object->type != OBJT_DEFAULT && \
  189                         (((fault_flags & VM_FAULT_WIRE_MASK) == 0) || wired))
  190 
  191 /*
  192  *      vm_fault:
  193  *
  194  *      Handle a page fault occurring at the given address,
  195  *      requiring the given permissions, in the map specified.
  196  *      If successful, the page is inserted into the
  197  *      associated physical map.
  198  *
  199  *      NOTE: the given address should be truncated to the
  200  *      proper page address.
  201  *
  202  *      KERN_SUCCESS is returned if the page fault is handled; otherwise,
  203  *      a standard error specifying why the fault is fatal is returned.
  204  *
  205  *
  206  *      The map in question must be referenced, and remains so.
  207  *      Caller may hold no locks.
  208  */
  209 int
  210 vm_fault(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t vaddr, vm_prot_t fault_type,
  211          int fault_flags)
  212 {
  213         vm_prot_t prot;
  214         int is_first_object_locked, result;
  215         boolean_t are_queues_locked, growstack, wired;
  216         int map_generation;
  217         vm_object_t next_object;
  218         vm_page_t marray[VM_FAULT_READ], mt, mt_prev;
  219         int hardfault;
  220         int faultcount, ahead, behind, alloc_req;
  221         struct faultstate fs;
  222         struct vnode *vp;
  223         int locked, error;
  224 
  225         hardfault = 0;
  226         growstack = TRUE;
  227         PCPU_INC(cnt.v_vm_faults);
  228         fs.vp = NULL;
  229         fs.vfslocked = 0;
  230         faultcount = behind = 0;
  231 
  232 RetryFault:;
  233 
  234         /*
  235          * Find the backing store object and offset into it to begin the
  236          * search.
  237          */
  238         fs.map = map;
  239         result = vm_map_lookup(&fs.map, vaddr, fault_type, &fs.entry,
  240             &fs.first_object, &fs.first_pindex, &prot, &wired);
  241         if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {
  242                 if (result != KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE ||
  243                     (fault_flags & VM_FAULT_WIRE_MASK) != VM_FAULT_USER_WIRE) {
  244                         if (growstack && result == KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS &&
  245                             map != kernel_map && curproc != NULL) {
  246                                 result = vm_map_growstack(curproc, vaddr);
  247                                 if (result != KERN_SUCCESS)
  248                                         return (KERN_FAILURE);
  249                                 growstack = FALSE;
  250                                 goto RetryFault;
  251                         }
  252                         return (result);
  253                 }
  254 
  255                 /*
  256                  * If we are user-wiring a r/w segment, and it is COW, then
  257                  * we need to do the COW operation.  Note that we don't COW
  258                  * currently RO sections now, because it is NOT desirable
  259                  * to COW .text.  We simply keep .text from ever being COW'ed
  260                  * and take the heat that one cannot debug wired .text sections.
  261                  */
  262                 result = vm_map_lookup(&fs.map, vaddr,
  263                         VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE|VM_PROT_OVERRIDE_WRITE,
  264                         &fs.entry, &fs.first_object, &fs.first_pindex, &prot, &wired);
  265                 if (result != KERN_SUCCESS)
  266                         return (result);
  267 
  268                 /*
  269                  * If we don't COW now, on a user wire, the user will never
  270                  * be able to write to the mapping.  If we don't make this
  271                  * restriction, the bookkeeping would be nearly impossible.
  272                  *
  273                  * XXX The following assignment modifies the map without
  274                  * holding a write lock on it.
  275                  */
  276                 if ((fs.entry->protection & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)
  277                         fs.entry->max_protection &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
  278         }
  279 
  280         map_generation = fs.map->timestamp;
  281 
  282         if (fs.entry->eflags & MAP_ENTRY_NOFAULT) {
  283                 panic("vm_fault: fault on nofault entry, addr: %lx",
  284                     (u_long)vaddr);
  285         }
  286 
  287         /*
  288          * Make a reference to this object to prevent its disposal while we
  289          * are messing with it.  Once we have the reference, the map is free
  290          * to be diddled.  Since objects reference their shadows (and copies),
  291          * they will stay around as well.
  292          *
  293          * Bump the paging-in-progress count to prevent size changes (e.g. 
  294          * truncation operations) during I/O.  This must be done after
  295          * obtaining the vnode lock in order to avoid possible deadlocks.
  296          */
  297         VM_OBJECT_LOCK(fs.first_object);
  298         vm_object_reference_locked(fs.first_object);
  299         vm_object_pip_add(fs.first_object, 1);
  300 
  301         fs.lookup_still_valid = TRUE;
  302 
  303         if (wired)
  304                 fault_type = prot;
  305 
  306         fs.first_m = NULL;
  307 
  308         /*
  309          * Search for the page at object/offset.
  310          */
  311         fs.object = fs.first_object;
  312         fs.pindex = fs.first_pindex;
  313         while (TRUE) {
  314                 /*
  315                  * If the object is dead, we stop here
  316                  */
  317                 if (fs.object->flags & OBJ_DEAD) {
  318                         unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  319                         return (KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE);
  320                 }
  321 
  322                 /*
  323                  * See if page is resident
  324                  */
  325                 fs.m = vm_page_lookup(fs.object, fs.pindex);
  326                 if (fs.m != NULL) {
  327                         /* 
  328                          * check for page-based copy on write.
  329                          * We check fs.object == fs.first_object so
  330                          * as to ensure the legacy COW mechanism is
  331                          * used when the page in question is part of
  332                          * a shadow object.  Otherwise, vm_page_cowfault()
  333                          * removes the page from the backing object, 
  334                          * which is not what we want.
  335                          */
  336                         vm_page_lock_queues();
  337                         if ((fs.m->cow) && 
  338                             (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) &&
  339                             (fs.object == fs.first_object)) {
  340                                 vm_page_cowfault(fs.m);
  341                                 vm_page_unlock_queues();
  342                                 unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  343                                 goto RetryFault;
  344                         }
  345 
  346                         /*
  347                          * Wait/Retry if the page is busy.  We have to do this
  348                          * if the page is busy via either VPO_BUSY or 
  349                          * vm_page_t->busy because the vm_pager may be using
  350                          * vm_page_t->busy for pageouts ( and even pageins if
  351                          * it is the vnode pager ), and we could end up trying
  352                          * to pagein and pageout the same page simultaneously.
  353                          *
  354                          * We can theoretically allow the busy case on a read
  355                          * fault if the page is marked valid, but since such
  356                          * pages are typically already pmap'd, putting that
  357                          * special case in might be more effort then it is 
  358                          * worth.  We cannot under any circumstances mess
  359                          * around with a vm_page_t->busy page except, perhaps,
  360                          * to pmap it.
  361                          */
  362                         if ((fs.m->oflags & VPO_BUSY) || fs.m->busy) {
  363                                 vm_page_unlock_queues();
  364                                 if (fs.object != fs.first_object) {
  365                                         if (!VM_OBJECT_TRYLOCK(
  366                                             fs.first_object)) {
  367                                                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs.object);
  368                                                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(fs.first_object);
  369                                                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(fs.object);
  370                                         }
  371                                         vm_page_lock_queues();
  372                                         vm_page_free(fs.first_m);
  373                                         vm_page_unlock_queues();
  374                                         vm_object_pip_wakeup(fs.first_object);
  375                                         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs.first_object);
  376                                         fs.first_m = NULL;
  377                                 }
  378                                 unlock_map(&fs);
  379                                 if (fs.m == vm_page_lookup(fs.object,
  380                                     fs.pindex)) {
  381                                         vm_page_sleep_if_busy(fs.m, TRUE,
  382                                             "vmpfw");
  383                                 }
  384                                 vm_object_pip_wakeup(fs.object);
  385                                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs.object);
  386                                 PCPU_INC(cnt.v_intrans);
  387                                 vm_object_deallocate(fs.first_object);
  388                                 goto RetryFault;
  389                         }
  390                         vm_pageq_remove(fs.m);
  391                         vm_page_unlock_queues();
  392 
  393                         /*
  394                          * Mark page busy for other processes, and the 
  395                          * pagedaemon.  If it still isn't completely valid
  396                          * (readable), jump to readrest, else break-out ( we
  397                          * found the page ).
  398                          */
  399                         vm_page_busy(fs.m);
  400                         if (fs.m->valid != VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL)
  401                                 goto readrest;
  402                         break;
  403                 }
  404 
  405                 /*
  406                  * Page is not resident, If this is the search termination
  407                  * or the pager might contain the page, allocate a new page.
  408                  */
  409                 if (TRYPAGER || fs.object == fs.first_object) {
  410                         if (fs.pindex >= fs.object->size) {
  411                                 unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  412                                 return (KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE);
  413                         }
  414 
  415                         /*
  416                          * Allocate a new page for this object/offset pair.
  417                          *
  418                          * Unlocked read of the p_flag is harmless. At
  419                          * worst, the P_KILLED might be not observed
  420                          * there, and allocation can fail, causing
  421                          * restart and new reading of the p_flag.
  422                          */
  423                         fs.m = NULL;
  424                         if (!vm_page_count_severe() || P_KILLED(curproc)) {
  425 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
  426                                 if ((fs.object->flags & OBJ_COLORED) == 0) {
  427                                         fs.object->flags |= OBJ_COLORED;
  428                                         fs.object->pg_color = atop(vaddr) -
  429                                             fs.pindex;
  430                                 }
  431 #endif
  432                                 alloc_req = P_KILLED(curproc) ?
  433                                     VM_ALLOC_SYSTEM : VM_ALLOC_NORMAL;
  434                                 if (fs.object->type != OBJT_VNODE &&
  435                                     fs.object->backing_object == NULL)
  436                                         alloc_req |= VM_ALLOC_ZERO;
  437                                 fs.m = vm_page_alloc(fs.object, fs.pindex,
  438                                     alloc_req);
  439                         }
  440                         if (fs.m == NULL) {
  441                                 unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  442                                 VM_WAITPFAULT;
  443                                 goto RetryFault;
  444                         } else if (fs.m->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL)
  445                                 break;
  446                 }
  447 
  448 readrest:
  449                 /*
  450                  * We have found a valid page or we have allocated a new page.
  451                  * The page thus may not be valid or may not be entirely 
  452                  * valid.
  453                  *
  454                  * Attempt to fault-in the page if there is a chance that the
  455                  * pager has it, and potentially fault in additional pages
  456                  * at the same time.
  457                  */
  458                 if (TRYPAGER) {
  459                         int rv;
  460                         int reqpage = 0;
  461                         u_char behavior = vm_map_entry_behavior(fs.entry);
  462 
  463                         if (behavior == MAP_ENTRY_BEHAV_RANDOM ||
  464                             P_KILLED(curproc)) {
  465                                 ahead = 0;
  466                                 behind = 0;
  467                         } else {
  468                                 behind = (vaddr - fs.entry->start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
  469                                 if (behind > VM_FAULT_READ_BEHIND)
  470                                         behind = VM_FAULT_READ_BEHIND;
  471 
  472                                 ahead = ((fs.entry->end - vaddr) >> PAGE_SHIFT) - 1;
  473                                 if (ahead > VM_FAULT_READ_AHEAD)
  474                                         ahead = VM_FAULT_READ_AHEAD;
  475                         }
  476                         is_first_object_locked = FALSE;
  477                         if ((behavior == MAP_ENTRY_BEHAV_SEQUENTIAL ||
  478                              (behavior != MAP_ENTRY_BEHAV_RANDOM &&
  479                               fs.pindex >= fs.entry->lastr &&
  480                               fs.pindex < fs.entry->lastr + VM_FAULT_READ)) &&
  481                             (fs.first_object == fs.object ||
  482                              (is_first_object_locked = VM_OBJECT_TRYLOCK(fs.first_object))) &&
  483                             fs.first_object->type != OBJT_DEVICE &&
  484                             fs.first_object->type != OBJT_PHYS &&
  485                             fs.first_object->type != OBJT_SG) {
  486                                 vm_pindex_t firstpindex;
  487 
  488                                 if (fs.first_pindex < 2 * VM_FAULT_READ)
  489                                         firstpindex = 0;
  490                                 else
  491                                         firstpindex = fs.first_pindex - 2 * VM_FAULT_READ;
  492                                 mt = fs.first_object != fs.object ?
  493                                     fs.first_m : fs.m;
  494                                 KASSERT(mt != NULL, ("vm_fault: missing mt"));
  495                                 KASSERT((mt->oflags & VPO_BUSY) != 0,
  496                                     ("vm_fault: mt %p not busy", mt));
  497                                 mt_prev = vm_page_prev(mt);
  498 
  499                                 are_queues_locked = FALSE;
  500                                 /*
  501                                  * note: partially valid pages cannot be 
  502                                  * included in the lookahead - NFS piecemeal
  503                                  * writes will barf on it badly.
  504                                  */
  505                                 while ((mt = mt_prev) != NULL &&
  506                                     mt->pindex >= firstpindex &&
  507                                     mt->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL) {
  508                                         mt_prev = vm_page_prev(mt);
  509                                         if (mt->busy ||
  510                                             (mt->oflags & VPO_BUSY))
  511                                                 continue;
  512                                         if (!are_queues_locked) {
  513                                                 are_queues_locked = TRUE;
  514                                                 vm_page_lock_queues();
  515                                         }
  516                                         if (mt->hold_count ||
  517                                                 mt->wire_count) 
  518                                                 continue;
  519                                         pmap_remove_all(mt);
  520                                         if (mt->dirty) {
  521                                                 vm_page_deactivate(mt);
  522                                         } else {
  523                                                 vm_page_cache(mt);
  524                                         }
  525                                 }
  526                                 if (are_queues_locked)
  527                                         vm_page_unlock_queues();
  528                                 ahead += behind;
  529                                 behind = 0;
  530                         }
  531                         if (is_first_object_locked)
  532                                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs.first_object);
  533 
  534                         /*
  535                          * Call the pager to retrieve the data, if any, after
  536                          * releasing the lock on the map.  We hold a ref on
  537                          * fs.object and the pages are VPO_BUSY'd.
  538                          */
  539                         unlock_map(&fs);
  540 
  541 vnode_lock:
  542                         if (fs.object->type == OBJT_VNODE) {
  543                                 vp = fs.object->handle;
  544                                 if (vp == fs.vp)
  545                                         goto vnode_locked;
  546                                 else if (fs.vp != NULL) {
  547                                         vput(fs.vp);
  548                                         fs.vp = NULL;
  549                                 }
  550                                 locked = VOP_ISLOCKED(vp);
  551 
  552                                 if (VFS_NEEDSGIANT(vp->v_mount) && !fs.vfslocked) {
  553                                         fs.vfslocked = 1;
  554                                         if (!mtx_trylock(&Giant)) {
  555                                                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs.object);
  556                                                 mtx_lock(&Giant);
  557                                                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(fs.object);
  558                                                 goto vnode_lock;
  559                                         }
  560                                 }
  561                                 if (locked != LK_EXCLUSIVE)
  562                                         locked = LK_SHARED;
  563                                 /* Do not sleep for vnode lock while fs.m is busy */
  564                                 error = vget(vp, locked | LK_CANRECURSE |
  565                                     LK_NOWAIT, curthread);
  566                                 if (error != 0) {
  567                                         int vfslocked;
  568 
  569                                         vfslocked = fs.vfslocked;
  570                                         fs.vfslocked = 0; /* Keep Giant */
  571                                         vhold(vp);
  572                                         release_page(&fs);
  573                                         unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  574                                         error = vget(vp, locked | LK_RETRY |
  575                                             LK_CANRECURSE, curthread);
  576                                         vdrop(vp);
  577                                         fs.vp = vp;
  578                                         fs.vfslocked = vfslocked;
  579                                         KASSERT(error == 0,
  580                                             ("vm_fault: vget failed"));
  581                                         goto RetryFault;
  582                                 }
  583                                 fs.vp = vp;
  584                         }
  585 vnode_locked:
  586                         KASSERT(fs.vp == NULL || !fs.map->system_map,
  587                             ("vm_fault: vnode-backed object mapped by system map"));
  588 
  589                         /*
  590                          * now we find out if any other pages should be paged
  591                          * in at this time this routine checks to see if the
  592                          * pages surrounding this fault reside in the same
  593                          * object as the page for this fault.  If they do,
  594                          * then they are faulted in also into the object.  The
  595                          * array "marray" returned contains an array of
  596                          * vm_page_t structs where one of them is the
  597                          * vm_page_t passed to the routine.  The reqpage
  598                          * return value is the index into the marray for the
  599                          * vm_page_t passed to the routine.
  600                          *
  601                          * fs.m plus the additional pages are VPO_BUSY'd.
  602                          */
  603                         faultcount = vm_fault_additional_pages(
  604                             fs.m, behind, ahead, marray, &reqpage);
  605 
  606                         rv = faultcount ?
  607                             vm_pager_get_pages(fs.object, marray, faultcount,
  608                                 reqpage) : VM_PAGER_FAIL;
  609 
  610                         if (rv == VM_PAGER_OK) {
  611                                 /*
  612                                  * Found the page. Leave it busy while we play
  613                                  * with it.
  614                                  */
  615 
  616                                 /*
  617                                  * Relookup in case pager changed page. Pager
  618                                  * is responsible for disposition of old page
  619                                  * if moved.
  620                                  */
  621                                 fs.m = vm_page_lookup(fs.object, fs.pindex);
  622                                 if (!fs.m) {
  623                                         unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  624                                         goto RetryFault;
  625                                 }
  626 
  627                                 hardfault++;
  628                                 break; /* break to PAGE HAS BEEN FOUND */
  629                         }
  630                         /*
  631                          * Remove the bogus page (which does not exist at this
  632                          * object/offset); before doing so, we must get back
  633                          * our object lock to preserve our invariant.
  634                          *
  635                          * Also wake up any other process that may want to bring
  636                          * in this page.
  637                          *
  638                          * If this is the top-level object, we must leave the
  639                          * busy page to prevent another process from rushing
  640                          * past us, and inserting the page in that object at
  641                          * the same time that we are.
  642                          */
  643                         if (rv == VM_PAGER_ERROR)
  644                                 printf("vm_fault: pager read error, pid %d (%s)\n",
  645                                     curproc->p_pid, curproc->p_comm);
  646                         /*
  647                          * Data outside the range of the pager or an I/O error
  648                          */
  649                         /*
  650                          * XXX - the check for kernel_map is a kludge to work
  651                          * around having the machine panic on a kernel space
  652                          * fault w/ I/O error.
  653                          */
  654                         if (((fs.map != kernel_map) && (rv == VM_PAGER_ERROR)) ||
  655                                 (rv == VM_PAGER_BAD)) {
  656                                 vm_page_lock_queues();
  657                                 vm_page_free(fs.m);
  658                                 vm_page_unlock_queues();
  659                                 fs.m = NULL;
  660                                 unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  661                                 return ((rv == VM_PAGER_ERROR) ? KERN_FAILURE : KERN_PROTECTION_FAILURE);
  662                         }
  663                         if (fs.object != fs.first_object) {
  664                                 vm_page_lock_queues();
  665                                 vm_page_free(fs.m);
  666                                 vm_page_unlock_queues();
  667                                 fs.m = NULL;
  668                                 /*
  669                                  * XXX - we cannot just fall out at this
  670                                  * point, m has been freed and is invalid!
  671                                  */
  672                         }
  673                 }
  674 
  675                 /*
  676                  * We get here if the object has default pager (or unwiring) 
  677                  * or the pager doesn't have the page.
  678                  */
  679                 if (fs.object == fs.first_object)
  680                         fs.first_m = fs.m;
  681 
  682                 /*
  683                  * Move on to the next object.  Lock the next object before
  684                  * unlocking the current one.
  685                  */
  686                 fs.pindex += OFF_TO_IDX(fs.object->backing_object_offset);
  687                 next_object = fs.object->backing_object;
  688                 if (next_object == NULL) {
  689                         /*
  690                          * If there's no object left, fill the page in the top
  691                          * object with zeros.
  692                          */
  693                         if (fs.object != fs.first_object) {
  694                                 vm_object_pip_wakeup(fs.object);
  695                                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs.object);
  696 
  697                                 fs.object = fs.first_object;
  698                                 fs.pindex = fs.first_pindex;
  699                                 fs.m = fs.first_m;
  700                                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(fs.object);
  701                         }
  702                         fs.first_m = NULL;
  703 
  704                         /*
  705                          * Zero the page if necessary and mark it valid.
  706                          */
  707                         if ((fs.m->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0) {
  708                                 pmap_zero_page(fs.m);
  709                         } else {
  710                                 PCPU_INC(cnt.v_ozfod);
  711                         }
  712                         PCPU_INC(cnt.v_zfod);
  713                         fs.m->valid = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
  714                         break;  /* break to PAGE HAS BEEN FOUND */
  715                 } else {
  716                         KASSERT(fs.object != next_object,
  717                             ("object loop %p", next_object));
  718                         VM_OBJECT_LOCK(next_object);
  719                         vm_object_pip_add(next_object, 1);
  720                         if (fs.object != fs.first_object)
  721                                 vm_object_pip_wakeup(fs.object);
  722                         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs.object);
  723                         fs.object = next_object;
  724                 }
  725         }
  726 
  727         KASSERT((fs.m->oflags & VPO_BUSY) != 0,
  728             ("vm_fault: not busy after main loop"));
  729 
  730         /*
  731          * PAGE HAS BEEN FOUND. [Loop invariant still holds -- the object lock
  732          * is held.]
  733          */
  734 
  735         /*
  736          * If the page is being written, but isn't already owned by the
  737          * top-level object, we have to copy it into a new page owned by the
  738          * top-level object.
  739          */
  740         if (fs.object != fs.first_object) {
  741                 /*
  742                  * We only really need to copy if we want to write it.
  743                  */
  744                 if (fault_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
  745                         /*
  746                          * This allows pages to be virtually copied from a 
  747                          * backing_object into the first_object, where the 
  748                          * backing object has no other refs to it, and cannot
  749                          * gain any more refs.  Instead of a bcopy, we just 
  750                          * move the page from the backing object to the 
  751                          * first object.  Note that we must mark the page 
  752                          * dirty in the first object so that it will go out 
  753                          * to swap when needed.
  754                          */
  755                         is_first_object_locked = FALSE;
  756                         if (
  757                                 /*
  758                                  * Only one shadow object
  759                                  */
  760                                 (fs.object->shadow_count == 1) &&
  761                                 /*
  762                                  * No COW refs, except us
  763                                  */
  764                                 (fs.object->ref_count == 1) &&
  765                                 /*
  766                                  * No one else can look this object up
  767                                  */
  768                                 (fs.object->handle == NULL) &&
  769                                 /*
  770                                  * No other ways to look the object up
  771                                  */
  772                                 ((fs.object->type == OBJT_DEFAULT) ||
  773                                  (fs.object->type == OBJT_SWAP)) &&
  774                             (is_first_object_locked = VM_OBJECT_TRYLOCK(fs.first_object)) &&
  775                                 /*
  776                                  * We don't chase down the shadow chain
  777                                  */
  778                             fs.object == fs.first_object->backing_object) {
  779                                 vm_page_lock_queues();
  780                                 /*
  781                                  * get rid of the unnecessary page
  782                                  */
  783                                 vm_page_free(fs.first_m);
  784                                 /*
  785                                  * grab the page and put it into the 
  786                                  * process'es object.  The page is 
  787                                  * automatically made dirty.
  788                                  */
  789                                 vm_page_rename(fs.m, fs.first_object, fs.first_pindex);
  790                                 vm_page_unlock_queues();
  791                                 vm_page_busy(fs.m);
  792                                 fs.first_m = fs.m;
  793                                 fs.m = NULL;
  794                                 PCPU_INC(cnt.v_cow_optim);
  795                         } else {
  796                                 /*
  797                                  * Oh, well, lets copy it.
  798                                  */
  799                                 pmap_copy_page(fs.m, fs.first_m);
  800                                 fs.first_m->valid = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
  801                         }
  802                         if (fs.m) {
  803                                 /*
  804                                  * We no longer need the old page or object.
  805                                  */
  806                                 release_page(&fs);
  807                         }
  808                         /*
  809                          * fs.object != fs.first_object due to above 
  810                          * conditional
  811                          */
  812                         vm_object_pip_wakeup(fs.object);
  813                         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs.object);
  814                         /*
  815                          * Only use the new page below...
  816                          */
  817                         fs.object = fs.first_object;
  818                         fs.pindex = fs.first_pindex;
  819                         fs.m = fs.first_m;
  820                         if (!is_first_object_locked)
  821                                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(fs.object);
  822                         PCPU_INC(cnt.v_cow_faults);
  823                 } else {
  824                         prot &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
  825                 }
  826         }
  827 
  828         /*
  829          * We must verify that the maps have not changed since our last
  830          * lookup.
  831          */
  832         if (!fs.lookup_still_valid) {
  833                 vm_object_t retry_object;
  834                 vm_pindex_t retry_pindex;
  835                 vm_prot_t retry_prot;
  836 
  837                 if (!vm_map_trylock_read(fs.map)) {
  838                         release_page(&fs);
  839                         unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  840                         goto RetryFault;
  841                 }
  842                 fs.lookup_still_valid = TRUE;
  843                 if (fs.map->timestamp != map_generation) {
  844                         result = vm_map_lookup_locked(&fs.map, vaddr, fault_type,
  845                             &fs.entry, &retry_object, &retry_pindex, &retry_prot, &wired);
  846 
  847                         /*
  848                          * If we don't need the page any longer, put it on the inactive
  849                          * list (the easiest thing to do here).  If no one needs it,
  850                          * pageout will grab it eventually.
  851                          */
  852                         if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {
  853                                 release_page(&fs);
  854                                 unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  855 
  856                                 /*
  857                                  * If retry of map lookup would have blocked then
  858                                  * retry fault from start.
  859                                  */
  860                                 if (result == KERN_FAILURE)
  861                                         goto RetryFault;
  862                                 return (result);
  863                         }
  864                         if ((retry_object != fs.first_object) ||
  865                             (retry_pindex != fs.first_pindex)) {
  866                                 release_page(&fs);
  867                                 unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  868                                 goto RetryFault;
  869                         }
  870 
  871                         /*
  872                          * Check whether the protection has changed or the object has
  873                          * been copied while we left the map unlocked. Changing from
  874                          * read to write permission is OK - we leave the page
  875                          * write-protected, and catch the write fault. Changing from
  876                          * write to read permission means that we can't mark the page
  877                          * write-enabled after all.
  878                          */
  879                         prot &= retry_prot;
  880                 }
  881         }
  882         /*
  883          * If the page was filled by a pager, update the map entry's
  884          * last read offset.  Since the pager does not return the
  885          * actual set of pages that it read, this update is based on
  886          * the requested set.  Typically, the requested and actual
  887          * sets are the same.
  888          *
  889          * XXX The following assignment modifies the map
  890          * without holding a write lock on it.
  891          */
  892         if (hardfault)
  893                 fs.entry->lastr = fs.pindex + faultcount - behind;
  894 
  895         if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
  896                 vm_object_set_writeable_dirty(fs.object);
  897 
  898                 /*
  899                  * If the fault is a write, we know that this page is being
  900                  * written NOW so dirty it explicitly to save on 
  901                  * pmap_is_modified() calls later.
  902                  *
  903                  * If this is a NOSYNC mmap we do not want to set VPO_NOSYNC
  904                  * if the page is already dirty to prevent data written with
  905                  * the expectation of being synced from not being synced.
  906                  * Likewise if this entry does not request NOSYNC then make
  907                  * sure the page isn't marked NOSYNC.  Applications sharing
  908                  * data should use the same flags to avoid ping ponging.
  909                  *
  910                  * Also tell the backing pager, if any, that it should remove
  911                  * any swap backing since the page is now dirty.
  912                  */
  913                 if (fs.entry->eflags & MAP_ENTRY_NOSYNC) {
  914                         if (fs.m->dirty == 0)
  915                                 fs.m->oflags |= VPO_NOSYNC;
  916                 } else {
  917                         fs.m->oflags &= ~VPO_NOSYNC;
  918                 }
  919                 if (fault_flags & VM_FAULT_DIRTY) {
  920                         vm_page_dirty(fs.m);
  921                         vm_pager_page_unswapped(fs.m);
  922                 }
  923         }
  924 
  925         /*
  926          * Page had better still be busy
  927          */
  928         KASSERT(fs.m->oflags & VPO_BUSY,
  929                 ("vm_fault: page %p not busy!", fs.m));
  930         /*
  931          * Page must be completely valid or it is not fit to
  932          * map into user space.  vm_pager_get_pages() ensures this.
  933          */
  934         KASSERT(fs.m->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
  935             ("vm_fault: page %p partially invalid", fs.m));
  936         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(fs.object);
  937 
  938         /*
  939          * Put this page into the physical map.  We had to do the unlock above
  940          * because pmap_enter() may sleep.  We don't put the page
  941          * back on the active queue until later so that the pageout daemon
  942          * won't find it (yet).
  943          */
  944         pmap_enter(fs.map->pmap, vaddr, fault_type, fs.m, prot, wired);
  945         if (((fault_flags & VM_FAULT_WIRE_MASK) == 0) && (wired == 0)) {
  946                 vm_fault_prefault(fs.map->pmap, vaddr, fs.entry);
  947         }
  948         VM_OBJECT_LOCK(fs.object);
  949         vm_page_lock_queues();
  950         vm_page_flag_set(fs.m, PG_REFERENCED);
  951 
  952         /*
  953          * If the page is not wired down, then put it where the pageout daemon
  954          * can find it.
  955          */
  956         if (fault_flags & VM_FAULT_WIRE_MASK) {
  957                 if (wired)
  958                         vm_page_wire(fs.m);
  959                 else
  960                         vm_page_unwire(fs.m, 1);
  961         } else {
  962                 vm_page_activate(fs.m);
  963         }
  964         vm_page_unlock_queues();
  965         vm_page_wakeup(fs.m);
  966 
  967         /*
  968          * Unlock everything, and return
  969          */
  970         unlock_and_deallocate(&fs);
  971         if (hardfault)
  972                 curthread->td_ru.ru_majflt++;
  973         else
  974                 curthread->td_ru.ru_minflt++;
  975 
  976         return (KERN_SUCCESS);
  977 }
  978 
  979 /*
  980  * vm_fault_prefault provides a quick way of clustering
  981  * pagefaults into a processes address space.  It is a "cousin"
  982  * of vm_map_pmap_enter, except it runs at page fault time instead
  983  * of mmap time.
  984  */
  985 static void
  986 vm_fault_prefault(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addra, vm_map_entry_t entry)
  987 {
  988         int i;
  989         vm_offset_t addr, starta;
  990         vm_pindex_t pindex;
  991         vm_page_t m;
  992         vm_object_t object;
  993 
  994         if (pmap != vmspace_pmap(curthread->td_proc->p_vmspace))
  995                 return;
  996 
  997         object = entry->object.vm_object;
  998 
  999         starta = addra - PFBAK * PAGE_SIZE;
 1000         if (starta < entry->start) {
 1001                 starta = entry->start;
 1002         } else if (starta > addra) {
 1003                 starta = 0;
 1004         }
 1005 
 1006         for (i = 0; i < PAGEORDER_SIZE; i++) {
 1007                 vm_object_t backing_object, lobject;
 1008 
 1009                 addr = addra + prefault_pageorder[i];
 1010                 if (addr > addra + (PFFOR * PAGE_SIZE))
 1011                         addr = 0;
 1012 
 1013                 if (addr < starta || addr >= entry->end)
 1014                         continue;
 1015 
 1016                 if (!pmap_is_prefaultable(pmap, addr))
 1017                         continue;
 1018 
 1019                 pindex = ((addr - entry->start) + entry->offset) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 1020                 lobject = object;
 1021                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(lobject);
 1022                 while ((m = vm_page_lookup(lobject, pindex)) == NULL &&
 1023                     lobject->type == OBJT_DEFAULT &&
 1024                     (backing_object = lobject->backing_object) != NULL) {
 1025                         KASSERT((lobject->backing_object_offset & PAGE_MASK) ==
 1026                             0, ("vm_fault_prefault: unaligned object offset"));
 1027                         pindex += lobject->backing_object_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
 1028                         VM_OBJECT_LOCK(backing_object);
 1029                         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(lobject);
 1030                         lobject = backing_object;
 1031                 }
 1032                 /*
 1033                  * give-up when a page is not in memory
 1034                  */
 1035                 if (m == NULL) {
 1036                         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(lobject);
 1037                         break;
 1038                 }
 1039                 if (m->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL &&
 1040                     (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
 1041                         vm_page_lock_queues();
 1042                         pmap_enter_quick(pmap, addr, m, entry->protection);
 1043                         vm_page_unlock_queues();
 1044                 }
 1045                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(lobject);
 1046         }
 1047 }
 1048 
 1049 /*
 1050  *      vm_fault_quick:
 1051  *
 1052  *      Ensure that the requested virtual address, which may be in userland,
 1053  *      is valid.  Fault-in the page if necessary.  Return -1 on failure.
 1054  */
 1055 int
 1056 vm_fault_quick(caddr_t v, int prot)
 1057 {
 1058         int r;
 1059 
 1060         if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE)
 1061                 r = subyte(v, fubyte(v));
 1062         else
 1063                 r = fubyte(v);
 1064         return(r);
 1065 }
 1066 
 1067 /*
 1068  *      vm_fault_wire:
 1069  *
 1070  *      Wire down a range of virtual addresses in a map.
 1071  */
 1072 int
 1073 vm_fault_wire(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t start, vm_offset_t end,
 1074     boolean_t user_wire, boolean_t fictitious)
 1075 {
 1076         vm_offset_t va;
 1077         int rv;
 1078 
 1079         /*
 1080          * We simulate a fault to get the page and enter it in the physical
 1081          * map.  For user wiring, we only ask for read access on currently
 1082          * read-only sections.
 1083          */
 1084         for (va = start; va < end; va += PAGE_SIZE) {
 1085                 rv = vm_fault(map, va,
 1086                     user_wire ? VM_PROT_READ : VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE,
 1087                     user_wire ? VM_FAULT_USER_WIRE : VM_FAULT_CHANGE_WIRING);
 1088                 if (rv) {
 1089                         if (va != start)
 1090                                 vm_fault_unwire(map, start, va, fictitious);
 1091                         return (rv);
 1092                 }
 1093         }
 1094         return (KERN_SUCCESS);
 1095 }
 1096 
 1097 /*
 1098  *      vm_fault_unwire:
 1099  *
 1100  *      Unwire a range of virtual addresses in a map.
 1101  */
 1102 void
 1103 vm_fault_unwire(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t start, vm_offset_t end,
 1104     boolean_t fictitious)
 1105 {
 1106         vm_paddr_t pa;
 1107         vm_offset_t va;
 1108         pmap_t pmap;
 1109 
 1110         pmap = vm_map_pmap(map);
 1111 
 1112         /*
 1113          * Since the pages are wired down, we must be able to get their
 1114          * mappings from the physical map system.
 1115          */
 1116         for (va = start; va < end; va += PAGE_SIZE) {
 1117                 pa = pmap_extract(pmap, va);
 1118                 if (pa != 0) {
 1119                         pmap_change_wiring(pmap, va, FALSE);
 1120                         if (!fictitious) {
 1121                                 vm_page_lock_queues();
 1122                                 vm_page_unwire(PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa), 1);
 1123                                 vm_page_unlock_queues();
 1124                         }
 1125                 }
 1126         }
 1127 }
 1128 
 1129 /*
 1130  *      Routine:
 1131  *              vm_fault_copy_entry
 1132  *      Function:
 1133  *              Create new shadow object backing dst_entry with private copy of
 1134  *              all underlying pages. When src_entry is equal to dst_entry,
 1135  *              function implements COW for wired-down map entry. Otherwise,
 1136  *              it forks wired entry into dst_map.
 1137  *
 1138  *      In/out conditions:
 1139  *              The source and destination maps must be locked for write.
 1140  *              The source map entry must be wired down (or be a sharing map
 1141  *              entry corresponding to a main map entry that is wired down).
 1142  */
 1143 void
 1144 vm_fault_copy_entry(vm_map_t dst_map, vm_map_t src_map,
 1145     vm_map_entry_t dst_entry, vm_map_entry_t src_entry,
 1146     vm_ooffset_t *fork_charge)
 1147 {
 1148         vm_object_t backing_object, dst_object, object, src_object;
 1149         vm_pindex_t dst_pindex, pindex, src_pindex;
 1150         vm_prot_t access, prot;
 1151         vm_offset_t vaddr;
 1152         vm_page_t dst_m;
 1153         vm_page_t src_m;
 1154         boolean_t src_readonly, upgrade;
 1155 
 1156 #ifdef  lint
 1157         src_map++;
 1158 #endif  /* lint */
 1159 
 1160         upgrade = src_entry == dst_entry;
 1161 
 1162         src_object = src_entry->object.vm_object;
 1163         src_pindex = OFF_TO_IDX(src_entry->offset);
 1164         src_readonly = (src_entry->protection & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0;
 1165 
 1166         /*
 1167          * Create the top-level object for the destination entry. (Doesn't
 1168          * actually shadow anything - we copy the pages directly.)
 1169          */
 1170         dst_object = vm_object_allocate(OBJT_DEFAULT,
 1171             OFF_TO_IDX(dst_entry->end - dst_entry->start));
 1172 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
 1173         dst_object->flags |= OBJ_COLORED;
 1174         dst_object->pg_color = atop(dst_entry->start);
 1175 #endif
 1176 
 1177         VM_OBJECT_LOCK(dst_object);
 1178         KASSERT(upgrade || dst_entry->object.vm_object == NULL,
 1179             ("vm_fault_copy_entry: vm_object not NULL"));
 1180         dst_entry->object.vm_object = dst_object;
 1181         dst_entry->offset = 0;
 1182         dst_object->charge = dst_entry->end - dst_entry->start;
 1183         if (fork_charge != NULL) {
 1184                 KASSERT(dst_entry->uip == NULL,
 1185                     ("vm_fault_copy_entry: leaked swp charge"));
 1186                 dst_object->uip = curthread->td_ucred->cr_ruidinfo;
 1187                 uihold(dst_object->uip);
 1188                 *fork_charge += dst_object->charge;
 1189         } else {
 1190                 dst_object->uip = dst_entry->uip;
 1191                 dst_entry->uip = NULL;
 1192         }
 1193         access = prot = dst_entry->max_protection;
 1194         /*
 1195          * If not an upgrade, then enter the mappings in the pmap as
 1196          * read and/or execute accesses.  Otherwise, enter them as
 1197          * write accesses.
 1198          *
 1199          * A writeable large page mapping is only created if all of
 1200          * the constituent small page mappings are modified. Marking
 1201          * PTEs as modified on inception allows promotion to happen
 1202          * without taking potentially large number of soft faults.
 1203          */
 1204         if (!upgrade)
 1205                 access &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
 1206 
 1207         /*
 1208          * Loop through all of the pages in the entry's range, copying each
 1209          * one from the source object (it should be there) to the destination
 1210          * object.
 1211          */
 1212         for (vaddr = dst_entry->start, dst_pindex = 0;
 1213             vaddr < dst_entry->end;
 1214             vaddr += PAGE_SIZE, dst_pindex++) {
 1215 
 1216                 /*
 1217                  * Allocate a page in the destination object.
 1218                  */
 1219                 do {
 1220                         dst_m = vm_page_alloc(dst_object, dst_pindex,
 1221                             VM_ALLOC_NORMAL);
 1222                         if (dst_m == NULL) {
 1223                                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(dst_object);
 1224                                 VM_WAIT;
 1225                                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(dst_object);
 1226                         }
 1227                 } while (dst_m == NULL);
 1228 
 1229                 /*
 1230                  * Find the page in the source object, and copy it in.
 1231                  * (Because the source is wired down, the page will be in
 1232                  * memory.)
 1233                  */
 1234                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(src_object);
 1235                 object = src_object;
 1236                 pindex = src_pindex + dst_pindex;
 1237                 while ((src_m = vm_page_lookup(object, pindex)) == NULL &&
 1238                     src_readonly &&
 1239                     (backing_object = object->backing_object) != NULL) {
 1240                         /*
 1241                          * Allow fallback to backing objects if we are reading.
 1242                          */
 1243                         VM_OBJECT_LOCK(backing_object);
 1244                         pindex += OFF_TO_IDX(object->backing_object_offset);
 1245                         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
 1246                         object = backing_object;
 1247                 }
 1248                 if (src_m == NULL)
 1249                         panic("vm_fault_copy_wired: page missing");
 1250                 pmap_copy_page(src_m, dst_m);
 1251                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(object);
 1252                 dst_m->valid = VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL;
 1253                 VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(dst_object);
 1254 
 1255                 /*
 1256                  * Enter it in the pmap. If a wired, copy-on-write
 1257                  * mapping is being replaced by a write-enabled
 1258                  * mapping, then wire that new mapping.
 1259                  */
 1260                 pmap_enter(dst_map->pmap, vaddr, access, dst_m, prot, upgrade);
 1261 
 1262                 /*
 1263                  * Mark it no longer busy, and put it on the active list.
 1264                  */
 1265                 VM_OBJECT_LOCK(dst_object);
 1266                 vm_page_lock_queues();
 1267                 if (upgrade) {
 1268                         vm_page_unwire(src_m, 0);
 1269                         vm_page_wire(dst_m);
 1270                 } else
 1271                         vm_page_activate(dst_m);
 1272                 vm_page_unlock_queues();
 1273                 vm_page_wakeup(dst_m);
 1274         }
 1275         VM_OBJECT_UNLOCK(dst_object);
 1276         if (upgrade) {
 1277                 dst_entry->eflags &= ~(MAP_ENTRY_COW | MAP_ENTRY_NEEDS_COPY);
 1278                 vm_object_deallocate(src_object);
 1279         }
 1280 }
 1281 
 1282 
 1283 /*
 1284  * This routine checks around the requested page for other pages that
 1285  * might be able to be faulted in.  This routine brackets the viable
 1286  * pages for the pages to be paged in.
 1287  *
 1288  * Inputs:
 1289  *      m, rbehind, rahead
 1290  *
 1291  * Outputs:
 1292  *  marray (array of vm_page_t), reqpage (index of requested page)
 1293  *
 1294  * Return value:
 1295  *  number of pages in marray
 1296  */
 1297 static int
 1298 vm_fault_additional_pages(m, rbehind, rahead, marray, reqpage)
 1299         vm_page_t m;
 1300         int rbehind;
 1301         int rahead;
 1302         vm_page_t *marray;
 1303         int *reqpage;
 1304 {
 1305         int i,j;
 1306         vm_object_t object;
 1307         vm_pindex_t pindex, startpindex, endpindex, tpindex;
 1308         vm_page_t rtm;
 1309         int cbehind, cahead;
 1310 
 1311         VM_OBJECT_LOCK_ASSERT(m->object, MA_OWNED);
 1312 
 1313         object = m->object;
 1314         pindex = m->pindex;
 1315         cbehind = cahead = 0;
 1316 
 1317         /*
 1318          * if the requested page is not available, then give up now
 1319          */
 1320         if (!vm_pager_has_page(object, pindex, &cbehind, &cahead)) {
 1321                 return 0;
 1322         }
 1323 
 1324         if ((cbehind == 0) && (cahead == 0)) {
 1325                 *reqpage = 0;
 1326                 marray[0] = m;
 1327                 return 1;
 1328         }
 1329 
 1330         if (rahead > cahead) {
 1331                 rahead = cahead;
 1332         }
 1333 
 1334         if (rbehind > cbehind) {
 1335                 rbehind = cbehind;
 1336         }
 1337 
 1338         /*
 1339          * scan backward for the read behind pages -- in memory 
 1340          */
 1341         if (pindex > 0) {
 1342                 if (rbehind > pindex) {
 1343                         rbehind = pindex;
 1344                         startpindex = 0;
 1345                 } else {
 1346                         startpindex = pindex - rbehind;
 1347                 }
 1348 
 1349                 if ((rtm = TAILQ_PREV(m, pglist, listq)) != NULL &&
 1350                     rtm->pindex >= startpindex)
 1351                         startpindex = rtm->pindex + 1;
 1352 
 1353                 /* tpindex is unsigned; beware of numeric underflow. */
 1354                 for (i = 0, tpindex = pindex - 1; tpindex >= startpindex &&
 1355                     tpindex < pindex; i++, tpindex--) {
 1356 
 1357                         rtm = vm_page_alloc(object, tpindex, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
 1358                             VM_ALLOC_IFNOTCACHED);
 1359                         if (rtm == NULL) {
 1360                                 /*
 1361                                  * Shift the allocated pages to the
 1362                                  * beginning of the array.
 1363                                  */
 1364                                 for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
 1365                                         marray[j] = marray[j + tpindex + 1 -
 1366                                             startpindex];
 1367                                 }
 1368                                 break;
 1369                         }
 1370 
 1371                         marray[tpindex - startpindex] = rtm;
 1372                 }
 1373         } else {
 1374                 startpindex = 0;
 1375                 i = 0;
 1376         }
 1377 
 1378         marray[i] = m;
 1379         /* page offset of the required page */
 1380         *reqpage = i;
 1381 
 1382         tpindex = pindex + 1;
 1383         i++;
 1384 
 1385         /*
 1386          * scan forward for the read ahead pages
 1387          */
 1388         endpindex = tpindex + rahead;
 1389         if ((rtm = TAILQ_NEXT(m, listq)) != NULL && rtm->pindex < endpindex)
 1390                 endpindex = rtm->pindex;
 1391         if (endpindex > object->size)
 1392                 endpindex = object->size;
 1393 
 1394         for (; tpindex < endpindex; i++, tpindex++) {
 1395 
 1396                 rtm = vm_page_alloc(object, tpindex, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
 1397                     VM_ALLOC_IFNOTCACHED);
 1398                 if (rtm == NULL) {
 1399                         break;
 1400                 }
 1401 
 1402                 marray[i] = rtm;
 1403         }
 1404 
 1405         /* return number of pages */
 1406         return i;
 1407 }

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