The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/vm/vm_map.h

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    1 /*-
    2  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993
    3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
    4  *
    5  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
    6  * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
    7  *
    8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   10  * are met:
   11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   16  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   18  *    without specific prior written permission.
   19  *
   20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   31  *
   32  *      @(#)vm_map.h    8.9 (Berkeley) 5/17/95
   33  *
   34  *
   35  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 Carnegie-Mellon University.
   36  * All rights reserved.
   37  *
   38  * Authors: Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young
   39  *
   40  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
   41  * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
   42  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
   43  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
   44  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
   45  *
   46  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
   47  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
   48  * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
   49  *
   50  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
   51  *
   52  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
   53  *  School of Computer Science
   54  *  Carnegie Mellon University
   55  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
   56  *
   57  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
   58  * rights to redistribute these changes.
   59  *
   60  * $FreeBSD: releng/10.0/sys/vm/vm_map.h 255426 2013-09-09 18:11:59Z jhb $
   61  */
   62 
   63 /*
   64  *      Virtual memory map module definitions.
   65  */
   66 #ifndef _VM_MAP_
   67 #define _VM_MAP_
   68 
   69 #include <sys/lock.h>
   70 #include <sys/sx.h>
   71 #include <sys/_mutex.h>
   72 
   73 /*
   74  *      Types defined:
   75  *
   76  *      vm_map_t                the high-level address map data structure.
   77  *      vm_map_entry_t          an entry in an address map.
   78  */
   79 
   80 typedef u_char vm_flags_t;
   81 typedef u_int vm_eflags_t;
   82 
   83 /*
   84  *      Objects which live in maps may be either VM objects, or
   85  *      another map (called a "sharing map") which denotes read-write
   86  *      sharing with other maps.
   87  */
   88 union vm_map_object {
   89         struct vm_object *vm_object;    /* object object */
   90         struct vm_map *sub_map;         /* belongs to another map */
   91 };
   92 
   93 /*
   94  *      Address map entries consist of start and end addresses,
   95  *      a VM object (or sharing map) and offset into that object,
   96  *      and user-exported inheritance and protection information.
   97  *      Also included is control information for virtual copy operations.
   98  */
   99 struct vm_map_entry {
  100         struct vm_map_entry *prev;      /* previous entry */
  101         struct vm_map_entry *next;      /* next entry */
  102         struct vm_map_entry *left;      /* left child in binary search tree */
  103         struct vm_map_entry *right;     /* right child in binary search tree */
  104         vm_offset_t start;              /* start address */
  105         vm_offset_t end;                /* end address */
  106         vm_offset_t avail_ssize;        /* amt can grow if this is a stack */
  107         vm_size_t adj_free;             /* amount of adjacent free space */
  108         vm_size_t max_free;             /* max free space in subtree */
  109         union vm_map_object object;     /* object I point to */
  110         vm_ooffset_t offset;            /* offset into object */
  111         vm_eflags_t eflags;             /* map entry flags */
  112         vm_prot_t protection;           /* protection code */
  113         vm_prot_t max_protection;       /* maximum protection */
  114         vm_inherit_t inheritance;       /* inheritance */
  115         uint8_t read_ahead;             /* pages in the read-ahead window */
  116         int wired_count;                /* can be paged if = 0 */
  117         vm_pindex_t next_read;          /* index of the next sequential read */
  118         struct ucred *cred;             /* tmp storage for creator ref */
  119         struct thread *wiring_thread;
  120 };
  121 
  122 #define MAP_ENTRY_NOSYNC                0x0001
  123 #define MAP_ENTRY_IS_SUB_MAP            0x0002
  124 #define MAP_ENTRY_COW                   0x0004
  125 #define MAP_ENTRY_NEEDS_COPY            0x0008
  126 #define MAP_ENTRY_NOFAULT               0x0010
  127 #define MAP_ENTRY_USER_WIRED            0x0020
  128 
  129 #define MAP_ENTRY_BEHAV_NORMAL          0x0000  /* default behavior */
  130 #define MAP_ENTRY_BEHAV_SEQUENTIAL      0x0040  /* expect sequential access */
  131 #define MAP_ENTRY_BEHAV_RANDOM          0x0080  /* expect random access */
  132 #define MAP_ENTRY_BEHAV_RESERVED        0x00C0  /* future use */
  133 
  134 #define MAP_ENTRY_BEHAV_MASK            0x00C0
  135 
  136 #define MAP_ENTRY_IN_TRANSITION         0x0100  /* entry being changed */
  137 #define MAP_ENTRY_NEEDS_WAKEUP          0x0200  /* waiters in transition */
  138 #define MAP_ENTRY_NOCOREDUMP            0x0400  /* don't include in a core */
  139 
  140 #define MAP_ENTRY_GROWS_DOWN            0x1000  /* Top-down stacks */
  141 #define MAP_ENTRY_GROWS_UP              0x2000  /* Bottom-up stacks */
  142 
  143 #define MAP_ENTRY_WIRE_SKIPPED          0x4000
  144 #define MAP_ENTRY_VN_WRITECNT           0x8000  /* writeable vnode mapping */
  145 
  146 #ifdef  _KERNEL
  147 static __inline u_char
  148 vm_map_entry_behavior(vm_map_entry_t entry)
  149 {
  150         return (entry->eflags & MAP_ENTRY_BEHAV_MASK);
  151 }
  152 
  153 static __inline int
  154 vm_map_entry_user_wired_count(vm_map_entry_t entry)
  155 {
  156         if (entry->eflags & MAP_ENTRY_USER_WIRED)
  157                 return (1);
  158         return (0);
  159 }
  160 
  161 static __inline int
  162 vm_map_entry_system_wired_count(vm_map_entry_t entry)
  163 {
  164         return (entry->wired_count - vm_map_entry_user_wired_count(entry));
  165 }
  166 #endif  /* _KERNEL */
  167 
  168 /*
  169  *      A map is a set of map entries.  These map entries are
  170  *      organized both as a binary search tree and as a doubly-linked
  171  *      list.  Both structures are ordered based upon the start and
  172  *      end addresses contained within each map entry.  Sleator and
  173  *      Tarjan's top-down splay algorithm is employed to control
  174  *      height imbalance in the binary search tree.
  175  *
  176  * List of locks
  177  *      (c)     const until freed
  178  */
  179 struct vm_map {
  180         struct vm_map_entry header;     /* List of entries */
  181         struct sx lock;                 /* Lock for map data */
  182         struct mtx system_mtx;
  183         int nentries;                   /* Number of entries */
  184         vm_size_t size;                 /* virtual size */
  185         u_int timestamp;                /* Version number */
  186         u_char needs_wakeup;
  187         u_char system_map;              /* (c) Am I a system map? */
  188         vm_flags_t flags;               /* flags for this vm_map */
  189         vm_map_entry_t root;            /* Root of a binary search tree */
  190         pmap_t pmap;                    /* (c) Physical map */
  191 #define min_offset      header.start    /* (c) */
  192 #define max_offset      header.end      /* (c) */
  193         int busy;
  194 };
  195 
  196 /*
  197  * vm_flags_t values
  198  */
  199 #define MAP_WIREFUTURE          0x01    /* wire all future pages */
  200 #define MAP_BUSY_WAKEUP         0x02
  201 
  202 #ifdef  _KERNEL
  203 static __inline vm_offset_t
  204 vm_map_max(const struct vm_map *map)
  205 {
  206         return (map->max_offset);
  207 }
  208 
  209 static __inline vm_offset_t
  210 vm_map_min(const struct vm_map *map)
  211 {
  212         return (map->min_offset);
  213 }
  214 
  215 static __inline pmap_t
  216 vm_map_pmap(vm_map_t map)
  217 {
  218         return (map->pmap);
  219 }
  220 
  221 static __inline void
  222 vm_map_modflags(vm_map_t map, vm_flags_t set, vm_flags_t clear)
  223 {
  224         map->flags = (map->flags | set) & ~clear;
  225 }
  226 #endif  /* _KERNEL */
  227 
  228 /*
  229  * Shareable process virtual address space.
  230  *
  231  * List of locks
  232  *      (c)     const until freed
  233  */
  234 struct vmspace {
  235         struct vm_map vm_map;   /* VM address map */
  236         struct shmmap_state *vm_shm;    /* SYS5 shared memory private data XXX */
  237         segsz_t vm_swrss;       /* resident set size before last swap */
  238         segsz_t vm_tsize;       /* text size (pages) XXX */
  239         segsz_t vm_dsize;       /* data size (pages) XXX */
  240         segsz_t vm_ssize;       /* stack size (pages) */
  241         caddr_t vm_taddr;       /* (c) user virtual address of text */
  242         caddr_t vm_daddr;       /* (c) user virtual address of data */
  243         caddr_t vm_maxsaddr;    /* user VA at max stack growth */
  244         volatile int vm_refcnt; /* number of references */
  245         /*
  246          * Keep the PMAP last, so that CPU-specific variations of that
  247          * structure on a single architecture don't result in offset
  248          * variations of the machine-independent fields in the vmspace.
  249          */
  250         struct pmap vm_pmap;    /* private physical map */
  251 };
  252 
  253 #ifdef  _KERNEL
  254 static __inline pmap_t
  255 vmspace_pmap(struct vmspace *vmspace)
  256 {
  257         return &vmspace->vm_pmap;
  258 }
  259 #endif  /* _KERNEL */
  260 
  261 #ifdef  _KERNEL
  262 /*
  263  *      Macros:         vm_map_lock, etc.
  264  *      Function:
  265  *              Perform locking on the data portion of a map.  Note that
  266  *              these macros mimic procedure calls returning void.  The
  267  *              semicolon is supplied by the user of these macros, not
  268  *              by the macros themselves.  The macros can safely be used
  269  *              as unbraced elements in a higher level statement.
  270  */
  271 
  272 void _vm_map_lock(vm_map_t map, const char *file, int line);
  273 void _vm_map_unlock(vm_map_t map, const char *file, int line);
  274 int _vm_map_unlock_and_wait(vm_map_t map, int timo, const char *file, int line);
  275 void _vm_map_lock_read(vm_map_t map, const char *file, int line);
  276 void _vm_map_unlock_read(vm_map_t map, const char *file, int line);
  277 int _vm_map_trylock(vm_map_t map, const char *file, int line);
  278 int _vm_map_trylock_read(vm_map_t map, const char *file, int line);
  279 int _vm_map_lock_upgrade(vm_map_t map, const char *file, int line);
  280 void _vm_map_lock_downgrade(vm_map_t map, const char *file, int line);
  281 int vm_map_locked(vm_map_t map);
  282 void vm_map_wakeup(vm_map_t map);
  283 void vm_map_busy(vm_map_t map);
  284 void vm_map_unbusy(vm_map_t map);
  285 void vm_map_wait_busy(vm_map_t map);
  286 
  287 #define vm_map_lock(map)        _vm_map_lock(map, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
  288 #define vm_map_unlock(map)      _vm_map_unlock(map, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
  289 #define vm_map_unlock_and_wait(map, timo)       \
  290                         _vm_map_unlock_and_wait(map, timo, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
  291 #define vm_map_lock_read(map)   _vm_map_lock_read(map, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
  292 #define vm_map_unlock_read(map) _vm_map_unlock_read(map, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
  293 #define vm_map_trylock(map)     _vm_map_trylock(map, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
  294 #define vm_map_trylock_read(map)        \
  295                         _vm_map_trylock_read(map, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
  296 #define vm_map_lock_upgrade(map)        \
  297                         _vm_map_lock_upgrade(map, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
  298 #define vm_map_lock_downgrade(map)      \
  299                         _vm_map_lock_downgrade(map, LOCK_FILE, LOCK_LINE)
  300 
  301 long vmspace_resident_count(struct vmspace *vmspace);
  302 #endif  /* _KERNEL */
  303 
  304 
  305 /* XXX: number of kernel maps and entries to statically allocate */
  306 #define MAX_KMAP        10
  307 #define MAX_KMAPENT     128
  308 
  309 /*
  310  * Copy-on-write flags for vm_map operations
  311  */
  312 #define MAP_INHERIT_SHARE       0x0001
  313 #define MAP_COPY_ON_WRITE       0x0002
  314 #define MAP_NOFAULT             0x0004
  315 #define MAP_PREFAULT            0x0008
  316 #define MAP_PREFAULT_PARTIAL    0x0010
  317 #define MAP_DISABLE_SYNCER      0x0020
  318 #define MAP_DISABLE_COREDUMP    0x0100
  319 #define MAP_PREFAULT_MADVISE    0x0200  /* from (user) madvise request */
  320 #define MAP_VN_WRITECOUNT       0x0400
  321 #define MAP_STACK_GROWS_DOWN    0x1000
  322 #define MAP_STACK_GROWS_UP      0x2000
  323 #define MAP_ACC_CHARGED         0x4000
  324 #define MAP_ACC_NO_CHARGE       0x8000
  325 
  326 /*
  327  * vm_fault option flags
  328  */
  329 #define VM_FAULT_NORMAL 0               /* Nothing special */
  330 #define VM_FAULT_CHANGE_WIRING 1        /* Change the wiring as appropriate */
  331 #define VM_FAULT_DIRTY 2                /* Dirty the page; use w/VM_PROT_COPY */
  332 
  333 /*
  334  * Initially, mappings are slightly sequential.  The maximum window size must
  335  * account for the map entry's "read_ahead" field being defined as an uint8_t.
  336  */
  337 #define VM_FAULT_READ_AHEAD_MIN         7
  338 #define VM_FAULT_READ_AHEAD_INIT        15
  339 #define VM_FAULT_READ_AHEAD_MAX         min(atop(MAXPHYS) - 1, UINT8_MAX)
  340 
  341 /*
  342  * The following "find_space" options are supported by vm_map_find().
  343  *
  344  * For VMFS_ALIGNED_SPACE, the desired alignment is specified to
  345  * the macro argument as log base 2 of the desired alignment.
  346  */
  347 #define VMFS_NO_SPACE           0       /* don't find; use the given range */
  348 #define VMFS_ANY_SPACE          1       /* find a range with any alignment */
  349 #define VMFS_OPTIMAL_SPACE      2       /* find a range with optimal alignment*/
  350 #define VMFS_SUPER_SPACE        3       /* find a superpage-aligned range */
  351 #define VMFS_ALIGNED_SPACE(x)   ((x) << 8) /* find a range with fixed alignment */
  352 
  353 /*
  354  * vm_map_wire and vm_map_unwire option flags
  355  */
  356 #define VM_MAP_WIRE_SYSTEM      0       /* wiring in a kernel map */
  357 #define VM_MAP_WIRE_USER        1       /* wiring in a user map */
  358 
  359 #define VM_MAP_WIRE_NOHOLES     0       /* region must not have holes */
  360 #define VM_MAP_WIRE_HOLESOK     2       /* region may have holes */
  361 
  362 #define VM_MAP_WIRE_WRITE       4       /* Validate writable. */
  363 
  364 #ifdef _KERNEL
  365 boolean_t vm_map_check_protection (vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t, vm_prot_t);
  366 vm_map_t vm_map_create(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t);
  367 int vm_map_delete(vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t);
  368 int vm_map_find(vm_map_t, vm_object_t, vm_ooffset_t, vm_offset_t *, vm_size_t,
  369     vm_offset_t, int, vm_prot_t, vm_prot_t, int);
  370 int vm_map_fixed(vm_map_t, vm_object_t, vm_ooffset_t, vm_offset_t, vm_size_t,
  371     vm_prot_t, vm_prot_t, int);
  372 int vm_map_findspace (vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_size_t, vm_offset_t *);
  373 int vm_map_inherit (vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t, vm_inherit_t);
  374 void vm_map_init(vm_map_t, pmap_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t);
  375 int vm_map_insert (vm_map_t, vm_object_t, vm_ooffset_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t, vm_prot_t, vm_prot_t, int);
  376 int vm_map_lookup (vm_map_t *, vm_offset_t, vm_prot_t, vm_map_entry_t *, vm_object_t *,
  377     vm_pindex_t *, vm_prot_t *, boolean_t *);
  378 int vm_map_lookup_locked(vm_map_t *, vm_offset_t, vm_prot_t, vm_map_entry_t *, vm_object_t *,
  379     vm_pindex_t *, vm_prot_t *, boolean_t *);
  380 void vm_map_lookup_done (vm_map_t, vm_map_entry_t);
  381 boolean_t vm_map_lookup_entry (vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_map_entry_t *);
  382 void vm_map_pmap_enter(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t addr, vm_prot_t prot,
  383     vm_object_t object, vm_pindex_t pindex, vm_size_t size, int flags);
  384 int vm_map_protect (vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t, vm_prot_t, boolean_t);
  385 int vm_map_remove (vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t);
  386 void vm_map_startup (void);
  387 int vm_map_submap (vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t, vm_map_t);
  388 int vm_map_sync(vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t, boolean_t, boolean_t);
  389 int vm_map_madvise (vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_offset_t, int);
  390 void vm_map_simplify_entry (vm_map_t, vm_map_entry_t);
  391 int vm_map_stack (vm_map_t, vm_offset_t, vm_size_t, vm_prot_t, vm_prot_t, int);
  392 int vm_map_growstack (struct proc *p, vm_offset_t addr);
  393 int vm_map_unwire(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t start, vm_offset_t end,
  394     int flags);
  395 int vm_map_wire(vm_map_t map, vm_offset_t start, vm_offset_t end,
  396     int flags);
  397 long vmspace_swap_count(struct vmspace *vmspace);
  398 #endif                          /* _KERNEL */
  399 #endif                          /* _VM_MAP_ */

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