The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, Second Edition
Now available: The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System (Second Edition)


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FreeBSD/Linux Kernel Cross Reference
sys/x86/include/segments.h

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    1 /*-
    2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
    3  *
    4  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1990 William F. Jolitz
    5  * Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
    6  * All rights reserved.
    7  *
    8  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
    9  * William Jolitz.
   10  *
   11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   13  * are met:
   14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
   16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
   19  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
   20  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
   21  *    without specific prior written permission.
   22  *
   23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
   24  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
   25  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
   26  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
   27  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
   28  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
   29  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
   30  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
   31  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
   32  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
   33  * SUCH DAMAGE.
   34  *
   35  *      from: @(#)segments.h    7.1 (Berkeley) 5/9/91
   36  * $FreeBSD$
   37  */
   38 
   39 #ifndef _X86_SEGMENTS_H_
   40 #define _X86_SEGMENTS_H_
   41 
   42 /*
   43  * X86 Segmentation Data Structures and definitions
   44  */
   45 
   46 /*
   47  * Selectors
   48  */
   49 #define SEL_RPL_MASK    3               /* requester priv level */
   50 #define ISPL(s)         ((s)&3)         /* priority level of a selector */
   51 #define SEL_KPL         0               /* kernel priority level */
   52 #define SEL_UPL         3               /* user priority level */
   53 #define ISLDT(s)        ((s)&SEL_LDT)   /* is it local or global */
   54 #define SEL_LDT         4               /* local descriptor table */
   55 #define IDXSEL(s)       (((s)>>3) & 0x1fff) /* index of selector */
   56 #define LSEL(s,r)       (((s)<<3) | SEL_LDT | r) /* a local selector */
   57 #define GSEL(s,r)       (((s)<<3) | r)  /* a global selector */
   58 
   59 /*
   60  * User segment descriptors (%cs, %ds etc for i386 apps. 64 bit wide)
   61  * For long-mode apps, %cs only has the conforming bit in sd_type, the sd_dpl,
   62  * sd_p, sd_l and sd_def32 which must be zero).  %ds only has sd_p.
   63  */
   64 struct segment_descriptor {
   65         unsigned sd_lolimit:16;         /* segment extent (lsb) */
   66         unsigned sd_lobase:24;          /* segment base address (lsb) */
   67         unsigned sd_type:5;             /* segment type */
   68         unsigned sd_dpl:2;              /* segment descriptor priority level */
   69         unsigned sd_p:1;                /* segment descriptor present */
   70         unsigned sd_hilimit:4;          /* segment extent (msb) */
   71         unsigned sd_xx:2;               /* unused */
   72         unsigned sd_def32:1;            /* default 32 vs 16 bit size */
   73         unsigned sd_gran:1;             /* limit granularity (byte/page units)*/
   74         unsigned sd_hibase:8;           /* segment base address  (msb) */
   75 } __packed;
   76 
   77 struct user_segment_descriptor {
   78         unsigned sd_lolimit:16;         /* segment extent (lsb) */
   79         unsigned sd_lobase:24;          /* segment base address (lsb) */
   80         unsigned sd_type:5;             /* segment type */
   81         unsigned sd_dpl:2;              /* segment descriptor priority level */
   82         unsigned sd_p:1;                /* segment descriptor present */
   83         unsigned sd_hilimit:4;          /* segment extent (msb) */
   84         unsigned sd_xx:1;               /* unused */
   85         unsigned sd_long:1;             /* long mode (cs only) */
   86         unsigned sd_def32:1;            /* default 32 vs 16 bit size */
   87         unsigned sd_gran:1;             /* limit granularity (byte/page units)*/
   88         unsigned sd_hibase:8;           /* segment base address  (msb) */
   89 } __packed;
   90 
   91 #define USD_GETBASE(sd)         (((sd)->sd_lobase) | (sd)->sd_hibase << 24)
   92 #define USD_SETBASE(sd, b)      (sd)->sd_lobase = (b);  \
   93                                 (sd)->sd_hibase = ((b) >> 24);
   94 #define USD_GETLIMIT(sd)        (((sd)->sd_lolimit) | (sd)->sd_hilimit << 16)
   95 #define USD_SETLIMIT(sd, l)     (sd)->sd_lolimit = (l); \
   96                                 (sd)->sd_hilimit = ((l) >> 16);
   97 
   98 #ifdef __i386__
   99 /*
  100  * Gate descriptors (e.g. indirect descriptors)
  101  */
  102 struct gate_descriptor {
  103         unsigned gd_looffset:16;        /* gate offset (lsb) */
  104         unsigned gd_selector:16;        /* gate segment selector */
  105         unsigned gd_stkcpy:5;           /* number of stack wds to cpy */
  106         unsigned gd_xx:3;               /* unused */
  107         unsigned gd_type:5;             /* segment type */
  108         unsigned gd_dpl:2;              /* segment descriptor priority level */
  109         unsigned gd_p:1;                /* segment descriptor present */
  110         unsigned gd_hioffset:16;        /* gate offset (msb) */
  111 } __packed;
  112 
  113 /*
  114  * Generic descriptor
  115  */
  116 union descriptor {
  117         struct segment_descriptor sd;
  118         struct gate_descriptor gd;
  119 };
  120 #else
  121 /*
  122  * Gate descriptors (e.g. indirect descriptors, trap, interrupt etc. 128 bit)
  123  * Only interrupt and trap gates have gd_ist.
  124  */
  125 struct gate_descriptor {
  126         uint64_t gd_looffset:16;        /* gate offset (lsb) */
  127         uint64_t gd_selector:16;        /* gate segment selector */
  128         uint64_t gd_ist:3;              /* IST table index */
  129         uint64_t gd_xx:5;               /* unused */
  130         uint64_t gd_type:5;             /* segment type */
  131         uint64_t gd_dpl:2;              /* segment descriptor priority level */
  132         uint64_t gd_p:1;                /* segment descriptor present */
  133         uint64_t gd_hioffset:48;        /* gate offset (msb) */
  134         uint64_t sd_xx1:32;
  135 } __packed;
  136 
  137 /*
  138  * Generic descriptor
  139  */
  140 union descriptor {
  141         struct user_segment_descriptor sd;
  142         struct gate_descriptor gd;
  143 };
  144 #endif
  145 
  146         /* system segments and gate types */
  147 #define SDT_SYSNULL      0      /* system null */
  148 #define SDT_SYS286TSS    1      /* system 286 TSS available */
  149 #define SDT_SYSLDT       2      /* system local descriptor table */
  150 #define SDT_SYS286BSY    3      /* system 286 TSS busy */
  151 #define SDT_SYS286CGT    4      /* system 286 call gate */
  152 #define SDT_SYSTASKGT    5      /* system task gate */
  153 #define SDT_SYS286IGT    6      /* system 286 interrupt gate */
  154 #define SDT_SYS286TGT    7      /* system 286 trap gate */
  155 #define SDT_SYSNULL2     8      /* system null again */
  156 #define SDT_SYS386TSS    9      /* system 386 TSS available */
  157 #define SDT_SYSTSS       9      /* system available 64 bit TSS */
  158 #define SDT_SYSNULL3    10      /* system null again */
  159 #define SDT_SYS386BSY   11      /* system 386 TSS busy */
  160 #define SDT_SYSBSY      11      /* system busy 64 bit TSS */
  161 #define SDT_SYS386CGT   12      /* system 386 call gate */
  162 #define SDT_SYSCGT      12      /* system 64 bit call gate */
  163 #define SDT_SYSNULL4    13      /* system null again */
  164 #define SDT_SYS386IGT   14      /* system 386 interrupt gate */
  165 #define SDT_SYSIGT      14      /* system 64 bit interrupt gate */
  166 #define SDT_SYS386TGT   15      /* system 386 trap gate */
  167 #define SDT_SYSTGT      15      /* system 64 bit trap gate */
  168 
  169         /* memory segment types */
  170 #define SDT_MEMRO       16      /* memory read only */
  171 #define SDT_MEMROA      17      /* memory read only accessed */
  172 #define SDT_MEMRW       18      /* memory read write */
  173 #define SDT_MEMRWA      19      /* memory read write accessed */
  174 #define SDT_MEMROD      20      /* memory read only expand dwn limit */
  175 #define SDT_MEMRODA     21      /* memory read only expand dwn limit accessed */
  176 #define SDT_MEMRWD      22      /* memory read write expand dwn limit */
  177 #define SDT_MEMRWDA     23      /* memory read write expand dwn limit accessed*/
  178 #define SDT_MEME        24      /* memory execute only */
  179 #define SDT_MEMEA       25      /* memory execute only accessed */
  180 #define SDT_MEMER       26      /* memory execute read */
  181 #define SDT_MEMERA      27      /* memory execute read accessed */
  182 #define SDT_MEMEC       28      /* memory execute only conforming */
  183 #define SDT_MEMEAC      29      /* memory execute only accessed conforming */
  184 #define SDT_MEMERC      30      /* memory execute read conforming */
  185 #define SDT_MEMERAC     31      /* memory execute read accessed conforming */
  186 
  187 /*
  188  * Size of IDT table
  189  */
  190 #define NIDT            256     /* 32 reserved, 0x80 syscall, most are h/w */
  191 #define NRSVIDT         32      /* reserved entries for cpu exceptions */
  192 
  193 /*
  194  * Entries in the Interrupt Descriptor Table (IDT)
  195  */
  196 #define IDT_DE          0       /* #DE: Divide Error */
  197 #define IDT_DB          1       /* #DB: Debug */
  198 #define IDT_NMI         2       /* Nonmaskable External Interrupt */
  199 #define IDT_BP          3       /* #BP: Breakpoint */
  200 #define IDT_OF          4       /* #OF: Overflow */
  201 #define IDT_BR          5       /* #BR: Bound Range Exceeded */
  202 #define IDT_UD          6       /* #UD: Undefined/Invalid Opcode */
  203 #define IDT_NM          7       /* #NM: No Math Coprocessor */
  204 #define IDT_DF          8       /* #DF: Double Fault */
  205 #define IDT_FPUGP       9       /* Coprocessor Segment Overrun */
  206 #define IDT_TS          10      /* #TS: Invalid TSS */
  207 #define IDT_NP          11      /* #NP: Segment Not Present */
  208 #define IDT_SS          12      /* #SS: Stack Segment Fault */
  209 #define IDT_GP          13      /* #GP: General Protection Fault */
  210 #define IDT_PF          14      /* #PF: Page Fault */
  211 #define IDT_MF          16      /* #MF: FPU Floating-Point Error */
  212 #define IDT_AC          17      /* #AC: Alignment Check */
  213 #define IDT_MC          18      /* #MC: Machine Check */
  214 #define IDT_XF          19      /* #XF: SIMD Floating-Point Exception */
  215 #define IDT_IO_INTS     NRSVIDT /* Base of IDT entries for I/O interrupts. */
  216 #define IDT_SYSCALL     0x80    /* System Call Interrupt Vector */
  217 #define IDT_DTRACE_RET  0x92    /* DTrace pid provider Interrupt Vector */
  218 #define IDT_EVTCHN      0x93    /* Xen HVM Event Channel Interrupt Vector */
  219 
  220 #if defined(__i386__)
  221 /*
  222  * Entries in the Global Descriptor Table (GDT)
  223  * Note that each 4 entries share a single 32 byte L1 cache line.
  224  * Some of the fast syscall instructions require a specific order here.
  225  */
  226 #define GNULL_SEL       0       /* Null Descriptor */
  227 #define GPRIV_SEL       1       /* SMP Per-Processor Private Data */
  228 #define GUFS_SEL        2       /* User %fs Descriptor (order critical: 1) */
  229 #define GUGS_SEL        3       /* User %gs Descriptor (order critical: 2) */
  230 #define GCODE_SEL       4       /* Kernel Code Descriptor (order critical: 1) */
  231 #define GDATA_SEL       5       /* Kernel Data Descriptor (order critical: 2) */
  232 #define GUCODE_SEL      6       /* User Code Descriptor (order critical: 3) */
  233 #define GUDATA_SEL      7       /* User Data Descriptor (order critical: 4) */
  234 #define GBIOSLOWMEM_SEL 8       /* BIOS low memory access (must be entry 8) */
  235 #define GPROC0_SEL      9       /* Task state process slot zero and up */
  236 #define GLDT_SEL        10      /* Default User LDT */
  237 #define GUSERLDT_SEL    11      /* User LDT */
  238 #define GPANIC_SEL      12      /* Task state to consider panic from */
  239 #define GBIOSCODE32_SEL 13      /* BIOS interface (32bit Code) */
  240 #define GBIOSCODE16_SEL 14      /* BIOS interface (16bit Code) */
  241 #define GBIOSDATA_SEL   15      /* BIOS interface (Data) */
  242 #define GBIOSUTIL_SEL   16      /* BIOS interface (Utility) */
  243 #define GBIOSARGS_SEL   17      /* BIOS interface (Arguments) */
  244 #define GNDIS_SEL       18      /* For the NDIS layer */
  245 #define NGDT            19
  246 
  247 /*
  248  * Entries in the Local Descriptor Table (LDT)
  249  */
  250 #define LSYS5CALLS_SEL  0       /* forced by intel BCS */
  251 #define LSYS5SIGR_SEL   1
  252 #define LUCODE_SEL      3
  253 #define LUDATA_SEL      5
  254 #define NLDT            (LUDATA_SEL + 1)
  255 
  256 #else /* !__i386__ */
  257 /*
  258  * Entries in the Global Descriptor Table (GDT)
  259  */
  260 #define GNULL_SEL       0       /* Null Descriptor */
  261 #define GNULL2_SEL      1       /* Null Descriptor */
  262 #define GUFS32_SEL      2       /* User 32 bit %fs Descriptor */
  263 #define GUGS32_SEL      3       /* User 32 bit %gs Descriptor */
  264 #define GCODE_SEL       4       /* Kernel Code Descriptor */
  265 #define GDATA_SEL       5       /* Kernel Data Descriptor */
  266 #define GUCODE32_SEL    6       /* User 32 bit code Descriptor */
  267 #define GUDATA_SEL      7       /* User 32/64 bit Data Descriptor */
  268 #define GUCODE_SEL      8       /* User 64 bit Code Descriptor */
  269 #define GPROC0_SEL      9       /* TSS for entering kernel etc */
  270 /* slot 10 is second half of GPROC0_SEL */
  271 #define GUSERLDT_SEL    11      /* LDT */
  272 /* slot 12 is second half of GUSERLDT_SEL */
  273 #define NGDT            13
  274 #endif /* __i386__ */
  275 
  276 #endif /* !_X86_SEGMENTS_H_ */

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